EP0202634A2 - Dispositif de surveillance de proximité avec source sonore - Google Patents

Dispositif de surveillance de proximité avec source sonore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0202634A2
EP0202634A2 EP86106746A EP86106746A EP0202634A2 EP 0202634 A2 EP0202634 A2 EP 0202634A2 EP 86106746 A EP86106746 A EP 86106746A EP 86106746 A EP86106746 A EP 86106746A EP 0202634 A2 EP0202634 A2 EP 0202634A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
counter
sound source
time window
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP86106746A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0202634A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Meier
Kurt Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Publication of EP0202634A2 publication Critical patent/EP0202634A2/fr
Publication of EP0202634A3 publication Critical patent/EP0202634A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1609—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using active vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1618—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using active vibration detection systems using ultrasonic detection means
    • G08B13/1636—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using active vibration detection systems using ultrasonic detection means using pulse-type detection circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1609—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using active vibration detection systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a short-range monitoring device with a sound source operated by a driver circuit and with an evaluation circuit which triggers an alarm signal when a body which is relatively solid with respect to the ambient air is moved and / or remains in a monitoring volume.
  • a comparable intrusion detector is described in DE Patent 2,237,613.
  • a sound source is continuously excited with a constant frequency, which corresponds to the room's own resonance frequency.
  • this known detector has the disadvantage that it can only be functionally installed in closed rooms.
  • the cubic meter content of the room to be monitored must be precisely estimated, whereby the openings that the room has in the form of doors, windows, fan openings or cracks must also be taken into account. Only then can you tune to the so-called room resonance frequency.
  • the known detector can only fulfill its monitoring task if its sound source emits this resonance frequency inherent in the room. Its installation is tedious, time consuming and can only be done by specially trained personnel.
  • the known detector If the resonance frequency of the room changes during operation as a result of changes in the volume or the openings in the room, the known detector generates false alarms.
  • Another disadvantage of the known detector is the fact that false alarms are also triggered by laminar or turbulent air currents or by insects flying in the room to be monitored.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages.
  • the invention is not restricted to a closed space. It can easily be used outside of any building.
  • the invention can adapt its monitoring area individually to the desired monitoring process. This is possible not only during installation but also during the operation of the invention.
  • the surveillance area extends to a few meters, so that the invention only applies to the close-up area.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sound source 3, which can be designed, for example, as a normal or capacitor or piezoceramic loudspeaker.
  • An example of a suitable sound source 3 is the type T 25-24 B from Nippon Ceramic and Co.
  • the sound source 3 is connected to the driver and evaluation circuit 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 connected.
  • a second sound source 3 or more sound sources 3 can be connected to the same circuit, which is shown in dashed lines and will be described in more detail later.
  • the sound source 3 is controlled by a control oscillator 1 (eg National LM 556 C) via an electronic power amplifier 2 (eg National LM 383) in such a way that the sound source 3 emits sound waves into the monitoring volume 13.
  • a control oscillator 1 eg National LM 556 C
  • an electronic power amplifier 2 eg National LM 383
  • the sound waves have a frequency which is in the hearing range or in the infra or ultrasound range.
  • the entire frequency range is approximately between 1 Hz and 100 k H z.
  • the sound waves can be emitted continuously or in pulses, with the wavelength x remaining constant.
  • the continuous radiation produces a so-called continuous tone.
  • Pulse-wise radiation of the sound waves is to be understood as packet-wise radiation, with pauses separating the individual sound wave packets from one another.
  • the sound waves can also be emitted continuously and frequency-modulated, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. There is also the possibility of emitting the sound waves in pulses and frequency modulation, as shown in FIG. 8. There the breaks separate the individual packages of the frequency-modulated sound waves.
  • the radiation with constant wavelength is preferably used in cases where a movement of a Ge object 14 in the monitoring volume 13 can be calculated.
  • the frequency-modulated radiation is used in cases in which the object 14 does not move in the monitoring volume 13. Further details are described in connection with FIGS. 6, 7, 8.
  • the control oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 1 (for example type LM 556 C from National) is set up in such a way that the various types of sound waves emitted into the monitoring volume 13 and the desired frequency either by an operator or by a remote control center which several monitoring devices are connected can be set.
  • the various types of sound waves can be set before the monitoring device is put into operation and / or changed during its operating time.
  • the latter can e.g. can be controlled by a predetermined program that is installed in the volume monitoring device (e.g. control oscillator 1) or in the remote control center.
  • the monitoring volume 13 J into which the sound source 3 emits its sound waves is not defined by any walls, for example of a room or building.
  • the monitoring volume 13 can be arranged inside a much larger room, building or outside of the building outdoors.
  • the monitoring device itself defines its monitoring volume 13. This takes place in that the length L of the monitoring volume 13 is determined by the diameter D of the membrane 4 of the sound source 3 and by the wavelength 1 of the sound used waves is set. Furthermore, the most favorable form of the monitoring volume 13 for a specific monitoring process is determined. All of this is described in more detail in connection with FIGS. 2, 3, 4. Therefore, no boundary line for the monitoring volume 13 is drawn in FIG.
  • the object 14 should move in the monitoring volume 13.
  • the object 14 is to be arranged immovably in the monitoring volume 13.
  • the control oscillator 1 is set by the operator or by the control center, for example by means of a program, such that the sound source 3 emits the sound waves with a constant wavelength and either continuously or in pulses into the monitoring volume 13 , whose length L and shape is optimally matched to the desired monitoring process.
  • the object 14 which can be a burglar, tool, vehicle, piece of jewelry, picture, bag, key, piece of furniture or other body of small spatial dimensions made of plastic, wood, paper, textiles, in the surveillance volume 13 moves.
  • the term movement is understood to mean that the object 14 penetrates into the monitoring volume 13, moves within the monitoring volume or emerges from the monitoring volume.
  • the quiescent current 80 flowing through the sound source 3 is changed as shown in FIG. 5. Because of these current changes, a current-proportional alternating voltage is tapped off at the resistor 5 and rectified in the rectifier 6 (eg type LM 324 from National) and is filtered in the low-pass filter 7 (for example type LM 324 from National).
  • the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter 7 should be at most 1/10 of the sound frequency of the sound source 3, so that there is only a small residual ripple at the following comparator 8, which is smaller than the switching hysteresis voltage of the comparator. This avoids unclear switching states that can cause false alarms in the following modules of the evaluation circuit.
  • the comparator 8 which is commercially available under the name LM 318 (National), two threshold values are specified and stored, which is shown by the two symbols 81, 82 in FIGS. 1 and 5.
  • the upper threshold 81 is, for example, 30% above the quiescent current 80, which flows through the sound source 3 when there is no object in the monitoring volume 13 or the object 14 is not being moved.
  • the lower threshold 82 is, for example, 30% below the same quiescent current 80. Although the value of 30% is very advantageous for both thresholds 81, 82, other values can also be provided. This depends on the respective monitoring task.
  • the first threshold 81 or 82 is exceeded by the current at the comparator 8 (FIG. 5).
  • the comparator generates an output signal on lines 85, which starts a monostable multivibrator 9 (eg type 74C221 from National).
  • the same pulse has no effect on the counter 10 because the counter has not yet been triggered by the multivibrator 9.
  • the multivibrator 9 and the counter 10 (eg type CD 40163 from National) are known and commercially available.
  • the monostable multivibrator 9 brings the counter 10 via line 91 into the ready counting mode.
  • Each subsequent crossing of the upper threshold 81 and the lower threshold 82 by the current i, which flows through the sound source 3, generates counting pulses on lines 85 which are fed into the counting input C of the Counter 10 arrive and increase its counter content by 1.
  • the monostable multivibrator 9 enables the counter 10 to receive the counting pulses of the lines 85 in the counting input C only for a certain time.
  • the specific time which is also referred to as the time window, is defined by the external wiring of the multivibrator 9 and is, for example, between 0.001 seconds and 20 seconds.
  • the multivibrator At the end of the time window, the multivibrator generates an "end" signal on line 91, which blocks the counter 10 from receiving further counting pulses.
  • the counter If the counter reaches a count during the time window, the amount of which was preset as a reference by the specification 11, then it generates on line 101 an output signal for the alarm device 12, which generates an acoustic, electrical or optical alarm.
  • the content of counter 10 is cleared by the "end” signal, so that the counter can begin with the count content zero at the next time window, which is started when threshold 81 or 82 is exceeded for the first time. If the counter 10 does not reach the reference value specified by the specification 11 within the time window, the counting content is deleted by the "end" signal appearing on line 91 after the time window has ended, so that the counter at the next time window, which is exceeded by the first time Threshold 81 or 82 is started, the counting content zero begins.
  • the object 14 does not move in the monitoring volume 13. This is the case if, before the monitoring device according to the invention is switched on, the object 14 has been placed in the monitoring volume 13, for example to prepare criminals Acts like theft or sabotage. It is also conceivable that the object 14 is moved during the operation of the monitoring device on trajectories which correspond to the antinodes and nodes of the sound waves emitted by the sound source 3. As a result, the object 14 cannot be detected with the sound waves of the first example and applies to these sound waves as an immobile body. To detect objects 141 which do not move, the control oscillator 1 is set such that the sound source 3 emits sound waves which are frequency-modulated continuously (FIGS.
  • the modulation frequency is a fraction of the sound wave frequency, for example 0.0001 to 0.1.
  • the oscillator 1 is set by an operator or by a predetermined program in the oscillator or in the control center.
  • the frequency-modulated sound waves sweep over the immovable object 14 in the monitoring volume 13.
  • the impedance in the sound radiation transmitter 3 is changed, so that a current profile according to FIG. 5 is created.
  • An AC voltage is tapped at the resistor 5, which is proportional to the current changes.
  • the signal processing in the rectifier 6, low-pass filter 7, comparator 8 now takes place in the same manner as was described in connection with the first example.
  • the monostable multivibrator 9 generates the time window within which the counter 10 counts the exceeding of the thresholds 81, 82 and generates an output signal for the alarm device 12 via line 101 or not, provided its counting content reaches a reference value which is set in the specification 12 or not.
  • the counter status is reset to zero after each time window.
  • the mode of operation is the same as in example 1.
  • the frequency-modulated sound waves are only switched on for a short time, for example 1 to 5 minutes. In this All objects 14 are detected in the monitoring volume 13 in time.
  • the system then switches to the sound waves without frequency modulation according to Example 1, which the operator or a predetermined program does on the oscillator 1 or in the control center (not shown).
  • Such switchovers can be carried out several times during the operating time of the monitoring device according to the invention.
  • the wavelength can also be changed during the operating time, so that the length L of the monitoring volume can be increased or decreased as required.
  • the geometrical shape of the vicinity of the sound source 3 and thus the shape of the monitoring volume 13 can be determined within certain limits by the choice of the shape of the membrane 4 and by the design or omission of a radiation funnel 16.
  • the geometry of the membrane 4 primarily determines the basic shape of the volume 13, while the geometry of the radiation funnel 16 above all influences the bulge of the lobe-like monitoring volume 13.
  • Rotationally symmetrical volumes are obtained with round circular membranes 4 and rotationally symmetrical radiation funnels 16.
  • Non-rotationally symmetrical volumes are obtained with oval and elliptical membranes 4 and corresponding radiation funnels 16.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rotationally symmetrical, very bulbous monitoring volume 13, which is based on a circular membrane 4 and on a strongly opened radiation funnel 16.
  • FIG. 3 shows an elongated, rotationally symmetrical monitoring volume 13, which originates from a sound source 3 arranged in the focal point of a paraboloid mirror 18. This increases the range.
  • FIG. 4 shows a non-rotationally symmetrical monitoring volume 13, which is based on an elliptical membrane 4 and an elliptical radiation funnel 16.
  • the length L of the monitoring volume 13 can be lengthened or shortened during operation in that the wavelength 1 of the sound wave is changed accordingly by the oscillator 1.
  • FIGS. 2, 3, 4 show a small selection of different monitoring volumes 13. In reality, any number of lengths L and shapes of the monitoring volumes 13 can be implemented using the method specified.
  • the effective values i of the current flowing through the sound source 3 are entered on the ordinate. It can be seen that when an object 14 is moved, the current fluctuations sometimes exceed the two thresholds 81 and 82 provided in the comparator 8 considerably. The farther the object 14 is from the membrane 4, the smaller the current fluctuations become. They do not even exceed thresholds 81, 82. In other words, this means that only the close range of a few meters can be used for monitoring.
  • FIG. 6 shows the graphic representation of the frequency-modulated sound frequencies 31, which are continuously emitted by the sound source 3.
  • the frequency modulation takes place between the maximum frequency fmax and the minimum frequency fmin, which are an equal distance, e.g. 30% of the center frequency fm.
  • the time t is entered on the abscissa and the frequency f on the ordinate.
  • FIG. 7 shows a differently modulated frequency of the sound waves 32, which are continuously emitted by the sound source 3. Otherwise, the conditions correspond to those in FIG. 6.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 are representations of continuously frequency-modulated sound waves
  • FIG. 8 shows the frequency of a frequency-modulated sound 33.
  • the frequency modulation of FIG. 8 takes place exactly as in FIGS. 6, 7 between two limit values fmax and fmin, which are arranged around the center frequency fm with an amount of 30% each.
  • the sound wave 33 is emitted as pulses 34 or packets from the sound source 3, which pulses are separated from one another by pauses 35.
  • the pulses 34 can be larger, equal or smaller than the breaks 35.
  • the duty cycle depends on the respective monitoring problems.
  • each sound source 3 can be individually connected to its driver and evaluation circuit 1 to 12, or each sound source 3 can be connected individually to its driver circuit 1, 2 or more sound sources 3 can be connected together to an evaluation circuit 6 to 12. This can also be the other way round.
  • each sound source 3 may be another entrance security volume 13 and / or sound waves with different frequency and different working method (Examples 1, 2).
  • the criteria can be changed from one sound source to another sound source. This depends on the respective monitoring tasks.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP86106746A 1985-05-24 1986-05-16 Dispositif de surveillance de proximité avec source sonore Ceased EP0202634A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2221/85A CH667932A5 (de) 1985-05-24 1985-05-24 Nahbereichsueberwachungsgeraet mit schallquelle.
CH2221/85 1985-05-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0202634A2 true EP0202634A2 (fr) 1986-11-26
EP0202634A3 EP0202634A3 (fr) 1987-10-21

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EP86106746A Ceased EP0202634A3 (fr) 1985-05-24 1986-05-16 Dispositif de surveillance de proximité avec source sonore

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US (1) US4755973A (fr)
EP (1) EP0202634A3 (fr)
CH (1) CH667932A5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4875198A (en) * 1988-10-07 1989-10-17 I.D. Tech Ltd. Intrusion detection apparatus
US5781108A (en) * 1995-11-14 1998-07-14 Future Tech Systems, Inc. Automated detection and monitoring (ADAM)
IL121068A (en) * 1997-06-12 2000-11-21 Visonic Ltd Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of a moving object in a detection area
US6862253B2 (en) * 2002-10-23 2005-03-01 Robert L. Blosser Sonic identification system and method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE25100E (en) * 1954-04-13 1961-12-19 chapin
US3474400A (en) * 1965-03-31 1969-10-21 Gen Signal Corp Sonic presence detection system and method
DE2443686A1 (de) * 1974-09-12 1976-04-01 Siemens Ag Fokussierter strahlungswandler, vorzugsweise fuer ultraschall
GB1443702A (en) * 1972-08-30 1976-07-21 Granley Products London Ltd Alarm systems
DE3221997A1 (de) * 1982-06-11 1983-12-15 Securiton AG, 3052 Zollikofen, Bern Vorrichtung zum ueberwachen von gepanzerten raeumen, insbesondere von tresoren und kassenschraenken, und zum erzeugen eines alarmsignales, wenn ein einbruchversuch unternommen wird

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US25100A (en) * 1859-08-16 de fokest
US3098213A (en) * 1960-05-20 1963-07-16 Gen Signal Corp Ultrasonic vehicle detection system
US3343167A (en) * 1966-10-21 1967-09-19 Sperry Rand Corp Object detection system
DE2237613C3 (de) * 1972-07-31 1975-05-28 Faser-Und Kunststoff-Presswerk Romen Kg, 8450 Amberg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung
JPS5231699A (en) * 1975-07-25 1977-03-10 Hochiki Corp Fire senser
US4608674A (en) * 1982-08-06 1986-08-26 American District Telegraph Company Constant range ultrasonic motion detector

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE25100E (en) * 1954-04-13 1961-12-19 chapin
US3474400A (en) * 1965-03-31 1969-10-21 Gen Signal Corp Sonic presence detection system and method
GB1443702A (en) * 1972-08-30 1976-07-21 Granley Products London Ltd Alarm systems
DE2443686A1 (de) * 1974-09-12 1976-04-01 Siemens Ag Fokussierter strahlungswandler, vorzugsweise fuer ultraschall
DE3221997A1 (de) * 1982-06-11 1983-12-15 Securiton AG, 3052 Zollikofen, Bern Vorrichtung zum ueberwachen von gepanzerten raeumen, insbesondere von tresoren und kassenschraenken, und zum erzeugen eines alarmsignales, wenn ein einbruchversuch unternommen wird

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MESURES REGULATION AUTOMATISME, Band 49, Nr. 5, April 1984, Seiten 37-45, Paris, FR; "Holographie acoustique: bonjour les dégâts" *

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Publication number Publication date
US4755973A (en) 1988-07-05
CH667932A5 (de) 1988-11-15
EP0202634A3 (fr) 1987-10-21

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