EP0202267B1 - Method for fabricating a string for a racket, string obtained by said method and method for stringing a racket with said string - Google Patents

Method for fabricating a string for a racket, string obtained by said method and method for stringing a racket with said string Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0202267B1
EP0202267B1 EP85905591A EP85905591A EP0202267B1 EP 0202267 B1 EP0202267 B1 EP 0202267B1 EP 85905591 A EP85905591 A EP 85905591A EP 85905591 A EP85905591 A EP 85905591A EP 0202267 B1 EP0202267 B1 EP 0202267B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
string
support
stringing
racket
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85905591A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0202267A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Woltron
Robert Schamesberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isosport Verbundbauteile GmbH
Original Assignee
Isosport Verbundbauteile GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isosport Verbundbauteile GmbH filed Critical Isosport Verbundbauteile GmbH
Publication of EP0202267A1 publication Critical patent/EP0202267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0202267B1 publication Critical patent/EP0202267B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B51/00—Stringing tennis, badminton or like rackets; Strings therefor; Maintenance of racket strings
    • A63B51/02—Strings; String substitutes; Products applied on strings, e.g. for protection against humidity or wear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H55/00—Wound packages of filamentary material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777—Edge feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2925—Helical or coiled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for conditioning a string in the delivery form for ball rackets, in particular tennis rackets, and to a string that is conditioned in this way. It also relates to a method for stringing ball rackets with this string.
  • Stringing strings for tennis rackets are applied to the racket frame with a predetermined tension. It is now a known fact that after tensioning the string on the racket frame, the string tension decreases continuously, this tension reduction taking place with a decreasing rate of decrease over time. A large part of the decrease in the string tension generally takes place within a period of approximately 40 s after the string in question has been clamped onto the racket frame.
  • Fig. 1 the curve for a commercially available gut string shows the dependence of the spring rate E'.A defined by the product of the elastic modulus A and the string cross-section area A. (in kN) of the string preload F v (in N). As you can see, the value of this spring rate changes very little with the string pretension. This results in the good playing characteristics of tennis rackets with gut strings.
  • a string is described in WO-A-8 303 998.
  • this string shows a relatively strong relaxation phenomenon.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as initially characterized in claims 1 to 11, solves the problem of realizing a string prepared for stringing in a delivery form in which the relaxation of the string then stretched onto the racket is reduced. This is done by special conditioning of the string.
  • the invention as characterized in claims 12 and 13, further solves the problem of specifying a method for stringing ball rackets, in particular tennis rackets, in which the properties of the string according to the invention come into play.
  • a coil-shaped carrier body (see FIGS. 2 and 3) has a convex circular-cylindrical surface 3, which is delimited on both sides by coil walls 4, 5 and on whose circular-cylindrical inner surface 6 of the carrier body 1 a nose 7 is arranged. Notch-shaped slots 8, 9 are also provided on the two reel walls 4, 5 for fastening the ends of the string to be applied to the carrier body 1.
  • the device also consists of a winding station 15 with a receptacle designed as a tension cone 16 for the coil-shaped carrier body 1, the nose 7 of which engages in a groove (not shown in the figure) on the tension cone 16.
  • This clamping cone 16 is seated on an axis 18 which is rotatably mounted at 17 and which can be driven by a motor 20 via a reduction gear 19.
  • the conditioning process e.g. a commercially available, about 1.3 mm thick gut string used as a string for tennis rackets.
  • This string is now applied in greater length (e.g. 500 m) to the spool 11 and this is attached to the axis 14.
  • an unwound carrier body 1 is clamped onto the tensioning cone 16 of the winding station 15.
  • the free end 21 of the string is now pulled off the spool 11 in the direction of the arrow 22 and pressed into the slot 8 of the carrier body 1 (see FIG. 1).
  • the motor 20 and the motor brake 13 are then switched on, as a result of which the carrier body is rotated counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow 23 (ie in FIG.
  • the string 24 is then cut outside the bobbin 11 such that an approximately 1 to 2 cm long string end protrudes, and the support body wound with the gut string 24 is removed from the tension cone 16.
  • the intestinal string 24 thus applied with tension to the carrier body 1 is now conditioned in the delivery form according to the invention.
  • the string tension decreases due to relaxation of the string material.
  • the relaxation of the string is determined using a simple experimental arrangement.
  • the string piece to be tested is fixed at one end via a load cell and then stretched very quickly up to a tensile force of 275 N.
  • the other end of the string is also fixed on it and then the decrease in the tensile force in the string as a function of time is observed or recorded.
  • this dependency is now shown in curve A1 in a semi-logarithmic representation. As you can see, the string tension F drops from 275 N over 30 min (1.8 - 10 3 S ) to about 226 N.
  • Curve B 1 in FIG. 5 now shows the relaxation of a commercially available 1.3 mm thick string made of a polyamide monofilament and curve B2 the relaxation of the same string if it was provided in the form of delivery conditioned according to the invention and the piece of string used for relaxation determination was short was previously removed from the carrier body. The reduction in relaxation compared to the relaxation determined on the unconditioned string is therefore quite considerable here.
  • the conditioning according to the invention brings about a considerable reduction in relaxation, which is all the more important with this string material, since this string, when applied to the racket in an unconditioned state, as curve C1 shows, has a relatively strong relaxation.
  • the tensile force used in the manufacture of the conditioned delivery form according to the invention by applying the string to the carrier should produce an elongation in the string material which should advantageously be at least 5%, but will advantageously be in the range between 5 and 10%.
  • This tensile force does not have to be the same as that for the pretensioning force provided when the racket is strung, but should be approximately the same order of magnitude as this.
  • the racket is usually strung with a pretensioning force which is between 80 and 150%, but advantageously between 80 and 120% of the tension with which it was conditioned.
  • string strings known per se are conditioned in such a way that the relaxation of the string then stretched onto the racket is less than that of the same string in the unconditioned state. This conditioning improves the usability of the coverings.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/AT85/00046 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 8, 1986 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 8, 1986 PCT Filed Nov. 11, 1985 PCT Pub. No. WO86/02850 PCT Pub. Date May 22, 1986.The method relates to the production of a string (24) for a racket, particularly a tennis racket. The string is a known string, for example a gut string or a synthetic string. The conditioning of the string on a support (1), particularly a bobbin, is effected under a traction tension and the length of the string is kept constant. Thus, the elongation of the string under the traction tension effect when winding the string on the support (1) is conveniently between 5 and 15%. The stringing of the racket with the thus conditioned string (24) should be carried out in an interval of 60 minutes, but preferably 30 minutes, from the removal time of the string from its support (1). The relaxation of the string, i.e. the decrease of tension after the stringing of the racket, is considerably smaller with a string conditioned according to the invention than with a same string which has not been conditioned. Such relaxation reduction is particularly important with a polypropylene string.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Konditionieren einer Bespannungssaite in Lieferform für Ballschläger, insbesondere Tennisschläger, sowie eine so konditionierte Bespannungssaite. Sie betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Bespannen von Ballschlägern mit dieser Bespannungssaite.The invention relates to a method for conditioning a string in the delivery form for ball rackets, in particular tennis rackets, and to a string that is conditioned in this way. It also relates to a method for stringing ball rackets with this string.

Bespannungssaiten für Tennisschläger werden mit einer vorgegebenen Vorspannung auf den Schlägerrahmen aufgebracht. Es ist nun eine bekannte Tatsache, dass nach dem Aufspannen der Saite auf dem Schlägerrahmen die Saitenspannung ständig abnimmt, wobei diese Spannungsverringerung mit einer mit fortschreitender Zeit sinkenden Abnahmerate erfolgt. Ein Grossteil der Abnahme der Saitenspannung erfolgt dabei im allgemeinen innerhalb eines Zeitraumes von etwa 40 s nach Aufspannen der betreffenden Saite auf den Schlägerrahmen.Stringing strings for tennis rackets are applied to the racket frame with a predetermined tension. It is now a known fact that after tensioning the string on the racket frame, the string tension decreases continuously, this tension reduction taking place with a decreasing rate of decrease over time. A large part of the decrease in the string tension generally takes place within a period of approximately 40 s after the string in question has been clamped onto the racket frame.

Diese als Relaxation bekannte Erscheinung, welche in unterschiedlicher Stärke sowohl bei Darmsaiten als auch für die verschiedenen Kunststoff-Bespannungssaiten zutrifft, hat zur Folge, dass die Bespannungssaite immer mit einer Vorspannung auf den Schlägerrahmen aufgebracht werden muss, die beträchtlich über der über die Lebensdauer der Bespannung gemittelten Saitenspannung im Schläger liegt. Die Höhe der Vorspannung ist aber dadurch begrenzt, dass sie innerhalb des elastischen Bereiches liegen muss. Diese Relaxation ist nun bei Darmsaiten relativ gering. Darmsaitenbespannungen haben aber andere Nachteile, welche durch Qualitätsschwankungen des verwendeten Darmmaterials bedingt sind und andererseits in ihrer hohen Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme, welche wegen der dadurch hervorgerufenen starken Längenänderung bei hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit die Bespielbarkeit von Schlägern mit Darmsaitenbespannung beeinträchtigt. Ausserdem ist die Darmsaitenherstellung relativ teuer. Bei den im Handel erhältlichen Bespannungssaiten, die aus einem Polyamid-Monofilament bestehen, ist die genannte Relaxation zwar etwas grösser, aber noch immer relativ gering.This phenomenon, known as relaxation, which applies to both gut strings and the various plastic string strings to different degrees, means that the string must always be applied to the racket frame with a tension that is considerably greater than that over the life of the string averaged string tension in the racket. The amount of preload is limited, however, by the fact that it must lie within the elastic range. This relaxation is now relatively small with gut strings. But gut string coverings have other disadvantages, which are caused by fluctuations in the quality of the gut material used and, on the other hand, in their high moisture absorption, which affects the playability of rackets with gut string coverings because of the large change in length and high humidity caused thereby. In addition, the production of gut strings is relatively expensive. The relaxation mentioned for the commercially available string strings, which consist of a polyamide monofilament, is somewhat larger, but is still relatively low.

Mit solchen Polyamid-Bespannungssaiten können aber nur relativ harte Bespannungen erzeugt werden, die für den Spielereinige Nachteile bringen. Dies sei nachstehend anhand der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Kurven näher erläutert.With such polyamide strings, however, only relatively hard strings can be produced, which bring some disadvantages for the player. This will be explained in more detail below using the curves shown in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1 zeigt die Kurve für eine handelsübliche Darmsaite die Abhängigkeit der durch das Produkt aus dem Elastizitätsmodul A und der Saitenquerschnittfläche A definierten Federrate E'.A. (in kN) von der Saitenvorspannkraft Fv (in N). Wie man sieht, ändert sich der Wert dieser Federrate mit der Saitenvorspannkraft nur sehr wenig. Daraus ergeben sich die guten Bespieleigenschaften von Tennisschlägern mit Darmsaitenbespannung.In Fig. 1 the curve for a commercially available gut string shows the dependence of the spring rate E'.A defined by the product of the elastic modulus A and the string cross-section area A. (in kN) of the string preload F v (in N). As you can see, the value of this spring rate changes very little with the string pretension. This results in the good playing characteristics of tennis rackets with gut strings.

Bespannungssaiten aus Polyamid-Monofilamenten weisen nun Federratencharakteristiken einer Art auf, wiesiez.B. in Fig. 1 durch Kurve Bgegeben sind: Die Federkonstante E'.A. ist in dem in Frage kommenden Bereich der Saitenvorspannkraft Fv von 200 bis 300 N grösser als bei vergleichbaren Darmsaiten und steigt ausserdem mit zunehmender Vorspannung mit relativ grosser Steigung im wesentlichen linear an. Daraus ergibt sich, dass die beim Auftreten des Balles auf den Schläger eintretenden Verformungen der Bespannung geringer sind als bei vergleichbaren Darmsaitenbespannungen und die für die Abbremsung einer bestimmten kinetischen Energie des Balles benötigten, vom Schläger aufzunehmenden Kraftspitzen dementsprechend höher liegen als bei Darmsaitenbespannungen.String strings made from polyamide monofilaments now have spring rate characteristics of a type such as 1 are given by curve B: The spring constant E'.A. is in the range of the pre-tensioning force F v of 200 to 300 N greater than that of comparable gut strings and also increases essentially linearly with increasing pre-tension with a relatively large pitch. It follows from this that the deformations of the stringing which occur on the racket when the ball occurs are less than in the case of comparable gut stringings and the force peaks to be absorbed by the racket for braking a certain kinetic energy of the ball are correspondingly higher than in the case of gut stringing.

Der Spieler empfindet daher einen Schläger mit Kunststoffsaitenbespannung als «hart», der im Verhältnis zu Schlägern mit Darmsaitenbespannung umso härter wirkt, umso wuchtiger die Schläge ausgeführt werden müssen.The player therefore feels that a racket with plastic string covering is “hard”, which in comparison to rackets with gut string covering has the harder effect, the more powerful the strokes have to be.

Die Anmelderin hat nun gefunden, dass z.B. eine Bespannungssaite, in welcher monoaxial verstreckte Folienbändchen aus Polypropylen, das z.B. einen nach DIN 53 735 bestimmten Schmelzindex MFI 190/5 in einer Grösse zwischen etwa 0,3 bis 0,5 g/10 min aufweist, in mehreren übereinanderliegenden Wickellagen miteinander verschweisst sind, mit der Kurve C eine ähnliche Federratencharakteristik aufweist wie eine Darmsaite (siehe Kurve A). Eine solche Bespannungssaite ist in der WO-A-8 303 998 beschrieben. Diese Bespannungssaite zeigt aber eine relativ starke Relaxationserscheinung.The applicant has now found that e.g. a string in which monoaxially stretched film strips made of polypropylene, e.g. has a melt index MFI 190/5 determined according to DIN 53 735 in a size between about 0.3 to 0.5 g / 10 min, is welded together in several superposed winding layers, with curve C has a spring rate characteristic similar to that of a gut string (see Curve A). Such a string is described in WO-A-8 303 998. However, this string shows a relatively strong relaxation phenomenon.

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Die Erfindung, wie sie zunächst in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 11 gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, eine für die Bespannung vorbereitete Bespannungssaite in einer Lieferform zu realisieren, bei der die Relaxation der dann auf den Schläger aufgespannten Saite verringert ist. Dies geschieht durch eine besondere Konditionierung der Saite.The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention, as initially characterized in claims 1 to 11, solves the problem of realizing a string prepared for stringing in a delivery form in which the relaxation of the string then stretched onto the racket is reduced. This is done by special conditioning of the string.

Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen 12 und 13 gekennzeichnet ist, löst ferner die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zum Bespannen von Ballschlägern, insbesondere von Tennisschlägern anzugeben, bei dem die Eigenschaften der erfindungsgemässen Bespannungssaite zum Tragen kommt.The invention, as characterized in claims 12 and 13, further solves the problem of specifying a method for stringing ball rackets, in particular tennis rackets, in which the properties of the string according to the invention come into play.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Figuren 2 bis 5 näher erläutert, dabei zeigen

  • Fig. 2 einen spulenförmigen Trägerkörper senkrecht zur Spulenachse im Aufriss,
  • Fig. 3 diesen Trägerkörper in einem Riss parallel zur Spulenachse und
  • Fig. 4 eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zur Konditionierung einer Tennissaite in einer Lieferform, während in
  • Fig. 5 die Ergebnisse von Relaxationsmessungen an verschiedenen Saiten ohne bzw. mit der erfindungsgemässen Konditionierung in Kurvenform wiedergegeben sind.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, showing
  • 2 shows a coil-shaped carrier body perpendicular to the coil axis in elevation,
  • Fig. 3 this carrier body in a crack parallel to the coil axis and
  • Fig. 4 shows a device for performing the inventive method for conditioning a tennis string in a delivery form, while in
  • 5 the results of relaxation measurements on different strings without or with the conditioning according to the invention are shown in curve form.

Ein spulenförmiger Trägerkörper (siehe die Figuren 2 und 3) weist eine konvexe kreiszylindrische Fläche 3 auf, die an beiden Seiten von Spulenwänden 4, 5 begrenzt und an deren kreiszylindrischen Innenfläche 6 des Trägerkörpers 1 eine Nase 7 angeordnet ist. An den beiden Spulenwänden 4, 5 sind ferner kerbförmige Schlitze 8, 9 zur Befestigung der Enden der auf den Trägerkörper 1 aufzubringenden Bespannungssaite angebracht.A coil-shaped carrier body (see FIGS. 2 and 3) has a convex circular-cylindrical surface 3, which is delimited on both sides by coil walls 4, 5 and on whose circular-cylindrical inner surface 6 of the carrier body 1 a nose 7 is arranged. Notch-shaped slots 8, 9 are also provided on the two reel walls 4, 5 for fastening the ends of the string to be applied to the carrier body 1.

Eine Vorrichtung (siehe Fig. 4) zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zur Konditionierung einer Bespannungssaite in Lieferform umfasst eine Abziehstation 10, in der ein Saitenmagazin in Form einer Spule 11 auf eine bei 12 drehbar gelagerte und mit einer Motorbremse 13 verbundene Achse 14 aufgesteckt ist. Die Vorrichtung besteht ferner aus einer Aufwickelstation 15 mit einer als Spannkonus 16 ausgebildeten Aufnahme für den spulenförmigen Trägerkörper 1, dessen Nase 7 in eine (in der Figur nicht dargestellte) Nut am Spannkonus 16 eingreift. Dieser Spannkonus 16 sitzt auf einer bei 17 drehbar gelagerten Achse 18, welche über ein Untersetzungsgetriebe 19 durch einen Motor 20 angetrieben werden kann.A device (see FIG. 4) for carrying out the method according to the invention for conditioning a string in the delivery form comprises a pull-off station 10 in which a string magazine in the form of a coil 11 on an axis 14 rotatably mounted at 12 and connected to a motor brake 13. The device also consists of a winding station 15 with a receptacle designed as a tension cone 16 for the coil-shaped carrier body 1, the nose 7 of which engages in a groove (not shown in the figure) on the tension cone 16. This clamping cone 16 is seated on an axis 18 which is rotatably mounted at 17 and which can be driven by a motor 20 via a reduction gear 19.

Für die Durchführung des Konditionierungs-Verfahrens wird z.B. eine handelsübliche, als Bespannungssaite für Tennisschläger bestimmte ca. 1,3 mm starke Darmsaite eingesetzt. Diese Saite wird nun in grösserer Länge (z.B. 500 m) auf die Spule 11 aufgebracht und diese auf die Achse 14 aufgesteckt. Gleichzeitig wird ein unbewickelter Trägerkörper 1 auf den Spannkonus 16 der Aufwickelstation 15 aufgespannt. Von der Spule 11 wird nun das freie Ende 21 der Saite in Richtung des Pfeiles 22 abgezogen und in den Schlitz 8 des Trägerkörpers 1 (siehe Fig. 1) hineingedrückt. Danach wird der Motor 20 und die Motorbremse 13 eingeschaltet, wodurch der Trägerkörper im Sinne des Pfeiles 23 (d.h. in Fig. 2) gegen den Uhrzeigersinn gedreht wird und die Saite 24 unter Überwindung eines von der Motorbremse 13 auf die Spule 11 im Sinne des Pfeiles 25 wirkenden, vorgegebenen Drehmomentes von der Spule 11 abgezogen wird. Das Drehmoment der Motorbremse wird dabei so eingestellt, dass das Aufwickeln der Saite 24 auf den Trägerkörper 1 mit einer Zugkraft von 275 N erfolgt, bei weicher die Saite 24 gegenüber ihrer ursprünglichen Länge eine Dehnung von ca. 6% erfährt. Das Aufwickeln der Saite 24 auf den Trägerkörper 1 erfolgt einlagig mit eng aneinanderliegenden Wicklungen bis zur vollständigen Bewicklung der Fläche 3. Danach wird der Motor 20 ausgeschaltet und die Saite 24 am Ende der Wicklungen in den kerbförmigen Spalt 9 hineingedrückt, die Motorbremse 13 darauf ausgeschaltet, die Saite 24 dann ausserhalb der Spule 11 so durchtrennt, dass noch ein etwa 1 bis 2 cm langes Saitenende übersteht, und der mit der Darmsaite 24 bewickelte Trägerkörper vom Spannungskonus 16 abgenommen. Die so mit Zugspannung auf den Trägerkörper 1 aufgebrachte Darmsaite 24 ist nun in der erfindungsgemässen Lieferform konditioniert.For the implementation of the conditioning process, e.g. a commercially available, about 1.3 mm thick gut string used as a string for tennis rackets. This string is now applied in greater length (e.g. 500 m) to the spool 11 and this is attached to the axis 14. At the same time, an unwound carrier body 1 is clamped onto the tensioning cone 16 of the winding station 15. The free end 21 of the string is now pulled off the spool 11 in the direction of the arrow 22 and pressed into the slot 8 of the carrier body 1 (see FIG. 1). The motor 20 and the motor brake 13 are then switched on, as a result of which the carrier body is rotated counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow 23 (ie in FIG. 2) and the string 24 overcoming one from the motor brake 13 onto the spool 11 in the direction of the arrow 25 acting, predetermined torque is withdrawn from the coil 11. The torque of the motor brake is adjusted so that the string 24 is wound onto the carrier body 1 with a tensile force of 275 N, in which the string 24 experiences an elongation of approximately 6% compared to its original length. The string 24 is wound onto the carrier body 1 in one layer with closely adjacent windings until the surface 3 is completely wound. Then the motor 20 is switched off and the string 24 is pressed into the notch-shaped gap 9 at the end of the windings, the motor brake 13 is then switched off. the string 24 is then cut outside the bobbin 11 such that an approximately 1 to 2 cm long string end protrudes, and the support body wound with the gut string 24 is removed from the tension cone 16. The intestinal string 24 thus applied with tension to the carrier body 1 is now conditioned in the delivery form according to the invention.

Wie eingangs der Beschreibung dargelegt, tritt nach Aufspannung der Saite auf dem Schlägerrahmen infolge Relaxation des Saitenmaterials eine Abnahme der Saitenzugkraft ein. Um diesen Effekt messtechnisch zu beurteilen, wird mit Hilfe einer einfachen Versuchsanordnung die Relaxation der Saite festgestellt. Dazu wird das zu prüfende Saitenstück an einem Ende über eine Kraftmessdose fixiert und dann sehr rasch bis zu einer Zugkraft von 275 N gedehnt. Das andere Saitenende wird darauf ebenfalls fixiert und anschliessend der Abfall der in der Saite herrschenden Zugkraft in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit beobachtet oder aufgezeichnet. In Fig. 5 ist nun in einer halblogarithmischen Darstellung diese Abhängigkeit in der Kurve A1 dargestellt. Wie man sieht, sinkt die Saitenzugkraft F vom Wert 275 N während 30 min (1,8 - 103 S) auf etwa 226 N ab.As stated at the beginning of the description, after tensioning the string on the racket frame, the string tension decreases due to relaxation of the string material. In order to assess this effect in terms of measurement technology, the relaxation of the string is determined using a simple experimental arrangement. For this purpose, the string piece to be tested is fixed at one end via a load cell and then stretched very quickly up to a tensile force of 275 N. The other end of the string is also fixed on it and then the decrease in the tensile force in the string as a function of time is observed or recorded. In Fig. 5, this dependency is now shown in curve A1 in a semi-logarithmic representation. As you can see, the string tension F drops from 275 N over 30 min (1.8 - 10 3 S ) to about 226 N.

Verwendet man zum Bespannen eines Tennisschlägers nun eine Darmsaite, die wie anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 beschrieben in dererfindungsgemässen konditionierten Lieferform zur Bespannung bereitgestellt ist, stellt man fest, dass danach in der am Schläger aufgespannten Saite die eintretende Relaxation merkbar geringer ist als bei einer nicht konditionierten Saite. Diese Verringerung der Relaxation ist dabei um so stärker um so kürzer die Zeit ist, innerhalb der die Saite nach ihrer Abnahme vom Trägerkörper auf den Schläger aufgespannt wird.If one uses a gut string for stringing a tennis racket, which is provided for stringing in the conditioned delivery form according to the invention as described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is found that the relaxation that occurs in the string stretched on the racket is noticeably less than in the case of one that is not conditioned string. This reduction in relaxation is the greater the shorter the time within which the string is stretched from the carrier body to the racket after it has been removed.

Dieses Verhalten wird durch die Ergebnisse der Relaxationsmessung bestätigt, welche nun an der Darmsaite kurz nach deren Abnahme vom Trägerkörper durchgeführt wird. Diese Relaxation - ausgedrückt durch die Abnahme der Saitenzugkraft F in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit entsprechend der Kurve A2 in Fig. 5 - zeigt, dass diese Abnahme doch merkbar weniger stark ausfällt als bei der einen unkonditionierten Darmsaite.This behavior is confirmed by the results of the relaxation measurement, which is now carried out on the gut string shortly after it has been removed from the body. This relaxation - expressed by the decrease in the string tension F as a function of time according to the curve A2 in FIG. 5 - shows that this decrease is noticeably less pronounced than in the case of an unconditioned gut string.

Die Kurve B 1 in Fig. 5 zeigt nun die Relaxation einer handelsüblichen 1,3 mm starken Bespannungssaite aus einem Polyamid-Monofilament und die Kurve B2 die Relaxation derselben Saite, wenn diese in der erfindungsgemäss konditionierten Lieferform bereitgestellt war und das zur Relaxationsbestimmung verwendete Saitenstück kurz vorher von dem Trägerkörper abgenommen wurde. Die Verringerung der Relaxation gegenüber der an der unkonditionierten Saite bestimmten Relaxation ist hier also schon ganz beträchtlich.Curve B 1 in FIG. 5 now shows the relaxation of a commercially available 1.3 mm thick string made of a polyamide monofilament and curve B2 the relaxation of the same string if it was provided in the form of delivery conditioned according to the invention and the piece of string used for relaxation determination was short was previously removed from the carrier body. The reduction in relaxation compared to the relaxation determined on the unconditioned string is therefore quite considerable here.

Die Kurve C1 zeigt die Relaxation bestimmt an einer 1,3 mm Bespannungssaite, in welcher, so wie in der internationalen Patentanmeldung PCT AT83/00014 beschrieben, monoaxial verstreckte Folienbändchen aus einem Polypropylen, das einen nach DIN 53 735 bestimmten Schmelzindex MFI 190/5 = 0,3 g/10 min aufweist, in mehreren übereinanderliegenden Wickellagen miteinander verschweisst sind, und die Kurve C2 die Relaxation derselben Saite, wenn sie in der erfindungsgemäss konditionierten Lieferform bereitgestellt war. Auch hier wird durch die erfindungsgemässe Konditionierung eine beträchtliche Reduzierung der Relaxation bewirkt, was bei diesem Saitenmaterial um so bedeutsamer ist, da diese Bespannungssaite, wenn sie in unkonditioniertem Zustand auf den Schläger aufgebracht wird, wie die Kurve C1 zeigt, eine relativ starke Relaxation aufweist.Curve C1 shows the relaxation determined on a 1.3 mm string, in which, as described in the international patent application PCT AT83 / 00014, monoaxially stretched film strips made of a polypropylene which have a melt index MFI 190/5 = determined according to DIN 53 735 0.3 g / 10 min, are welded together in several superposed winding layers, and curve C2 the relaxation of the same string if it was provided in the delivery form conditioned according to the invention. Here, too, the conditioning according to the invention brings about a considerable reduction in relaxation, which is all the more important with this string material, since this string, when applied to the racket in an unconditioned state, as curve C1 shows, has a relatively strong relaxation.

Die bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen konditionierten Lieferform durch Aufbringen der Bespannungssaite auf den Träger verwendete Zugkraft soll im Saitenmaterial eine Dehnung erzeugen, die vorteilhaft mindestens 5% sein soll, jedoch vorteilhaft im Bereich zwischen 5 und 10% liegen wird. Diese Zugkraft muss nun keineswegs jeweils gleich gross sein wie die dann für die beim Bespannen des Schlägers vorgesehene Vorspannkraft, sondern soll etwa in derselben Grössenordnung wie diese liegen. Insbesondere wird die Bespannung des Schlägers gewöhnlich mit einer Vorspannkraft erfolgen, die zwischen 80 und 150%, vorteilhaft aber zwischen 80 und 120% der Zugspannung liegt, mit der sie konditioniert wurde.The tensile force used in the manufacture of the conditioned delivery form according to the invention by applying the string to the carrier should produce an elongation in the string material which should advantageously be at least 5%, but will advantageously be in the range between 5 and 10%. This tensile force does not have to be the same as that for the pretensioning force provided when the racket is strung, but should be approximately the same order of magnitude as this. In particular, the racket is usually strung with a pretensioning force which is between 80 and 150%, but advantageously between 80 and 120% of the tension with which it was conditioned.

Für das Bespannen eines Tennisschlägers mit einer in der erfindungsgemässen konditionierten Lieferform bereitgestellten Saite wird man - insbesondere bei Kunststoffsaitenbespannungen - einen guten Effekt erzielen, wenn man den Bespannungsvorgang mit Hilfe der Bespannungssaite bzw. des Bespannsaitenabschnittes innerhalb von 60 min ab dessen Lösen vom Trägerkörper durchführt. Bessere Ergebnisse erhält man wenn man den Bespannungsvorgang innerhalb von 30 min durchführt.For stringing a tennis racket with one In the conditioned delivery form provided according to the invention, a good effect will be achieved - in particular in the case of plastic string coverings - if the stringing process is carried out with the aid of the stringing string or the string section of the string within 60 minutes of its release from the carrier body. Better results can be obtained if the covering process is carried out within 30 minutes.

Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Bespannungssaite in Lieferform für Ballschläger, insbesondere für Tennisschläger, werden an sich bekannte Bespannungssaiten so konditioniert, dass jeweils die Relaxation der dannn auf den Schläger aufgespannten Saite geringer wird als bei derselben Saite im unkonditionierten Zustand. Durch diese Konditionierung wird die Gebrauchsfähigkeit der Bespannungen verbessert.With the aid of the method according to the invention for producing a string in the delivery form for ball rackets, in particular for tennis rackets, string strings known per se are conditioned in such a way that the relaxation of the string then stretched onto the racket is less than that of the same string in the unconditioned state. This conditioning improves the usability of the coverings.

Claims (13)

1. Process for conditioning a string in supply form for ball rackets, particularly tennis rackets, characterised in that the string (24) - for its conditioning for the stringing operation - is applied under tensile stress to a support (1 optionally on a reel, and its length is kept at least substantially constant there.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the elongation of the string (24) caused by the tensile stress during the application to the support (1) is at least 5%.
3. Process according to Claim 2, characterised in that said elongation of the string (24) is between 5 and 15%.
4. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the string (24) used consists at least predominantly of a drawn thermoplastic material.
5. Process according to Claim 4, characterised in that the drawn thermoplastic material contains a polyolefin or consists of polyolefin.
6. Process according to Claim 5, characterised in that the polyolefin consists at least predominantly of polypropylene.
7. Process according to Claim 6, characterised in that the polypropylene is a nucleated polypropylene.
8. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that both ends of the string (24) are attached to the support (1).
9. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the support (1) used has a convex cylindrical surface (3), optionally a circular cylindrical surface, on to which the string (24) is wound in a single layer under tensile stress.
10. String in supply form for ball rackets, particularly tennis rackets, which is applied to a support, characterised in that the string which is on the support (1) under tensile stress is conditioned using a process according to one of Claims 1 to 9.
11. String according to Claim 10, characterised in that at least one end (21) of the string (24) which is applied under tensile stress to the support (1) is gripped in a notch-shaped slot (8, 9) made in the support (1) for the purpose of securing it.
12. Process for stringing ball rackets, particularly tennis rackets, with a string according to Claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the string (24) or a section of the string, which is on the support (1) undertensile stress, is detached from the support (1) and the stringing process with the aid of the string or the section of string is carried out within 60 minutes, but advantageously within 30 minutes of its detachment from the support (1).
13. Process for stringing ball rackets, particularly tennis rackets, with a string according to Claim 10 or 11 or according to Claim 12 respectively, characterised in that the stringing of the ball racket takes place with an initial tension, which is in the range of 80 to 150%, but advantageously between 80 and 120% of the tensile stress with which the string (24), for the purpose of its conditioning, is applied to the support (1).
EP85905591A 1984-11-09 1985-11-11 Method for fabricating a string for a racket, string obtained by said method and method for stringing a racket with said string Expired EP0202267B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0355684A AT388301B (en) 1984-11-09 1984-11-09 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRING STRING IN DELIVERY FOR BALL RACKETS, THEREFORE PRODUCED STRING STRING AND METHOD FOR STRINGING BALL STRAPS WITH THIS STRING
AT3556/84 1984-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0202267A1 EP0202267A1 (en) 1986-11-26
EP0202267B1 true EP0202267B1 (en) 1988-08-24

Family

ID=3552136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85905591A Expired EP0202267B1 (en) 1984-11-09 1985-11-11 Method for fabricating a string for a racket, string obtained by said method and method for stringing a racket with said string

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4835036A (en)
EP (1) EP0202267B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61502522A (en)
AT (2) AT388301B (en)
AU (1) AU584949B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3564535D1 (en)
SU (1) SU1537124A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1986002850A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT500015B1 (en) * 2003-07-08 2006-06-15 Isosport Verbundbauteile BULKAGE SUPPLY IN THE SUPPLY FOR BALLETS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THIS RELAXATION SITE

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400002B (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-09-25 Isosport Verbundbauteile METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRING STRING IN DELIVERY FOR BALL RACKETS, IN PARTICULAR DETECTOR LAG
DE4242673A1 (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-06-23 Siegfried Kuebler String string or string for stringing a racket for ball games
US6132325A (en) * 1997-06-25 2000-10-17 Bertolotti; Fabio P Interlocking string network for sport rackets
US6506134B2 (en) 1997-06-25 2003-01-14 Fabio Paolo Bertolotti Interlocking string network for sports rackets

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2240635A5 (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-03-07 Stup Procedes Freyssinet Method of handling concrete prestressing cables - involves winding on reel which has adjustably spaced flanges
GB2030537A (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-04-10 Pepsico Inc Packaging filamentary material
US4377963A (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-03-29 Siminoff Roger H Self-contained musical string cassette
AT389642B (en) * 1982-05-12 1990-01-10 Isosport Verbundbauteile METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRING STRING FOR BALL RACKETS, ESPECIALLY FOR TENNIS RACKETS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT500015B1 (en) * 2003-07-08 2006-06-15 Isosport Verbundbauteile BULKAGE SUPPLY IN THE SUPPLY FOR BALLETS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THIS RELAXATION SITE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT388301B (en) 1989-06-12
JPH0344544B2 (en) 1991-07-08
SU1537124A3 (en) 1990-01-15
WO1986002850A1 (en) 1986-05-22
JPS61502522A (en) 1986-11-06
EP0202267A1 (en) 1986-11-26
AU5066585A (en) 1986-06-03
AU584949B2 (en) 1989-06-08
ATE36650T1 (en) 1988-09-15
US4835036A (en) 1989-05-30
ATA355684A (en) 1988-11-15
DE3564535D1 (en) 1988-09-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0095034B2 (en) Method for the manufactureof a disposable diaper
DE3213246A1 (en) PRESSURE SENSITIVE TAPE
DE3222079A1 (en) LEAF SPRING, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
DE2800859A1 (en) STRIP-SHAPED PRODUCT MADE OF A PROTECTIVE COVER-FREE STRIP MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR FOR DIAPER CLOSURES
DE2728339A1 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING STRINGS
AT389642B (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRING STRING FOR BALL RACKETS, ESPECIALLY FOR TENNIS RACKETS
DE1817233B2 (en) High pressure hose
EP0202267B1 (en) Method for fabricating a string for a racket, string obtained by said method and method for stringing a racket with said string
DE3741828C1 (en) Disposable diaper and method and device for producing a disposable diaper
DE2000341A1 (en) Glass cord as an insert for pneumatic tires of vehicles and procedures for its testing
DE19736575A1 (en) Laminar roller of synthetic resin with embedded fibers
DE2339941C3 (en) Conveyor belt for a pull cord belt conveyor
DE69932882T2 (en) Handle and method for its production
DE2805066A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF PLASTIC STRING FOR BALL RACKETS, IN PARTICULAR TENNIS RACKETS
EP0031420B1 (en) Method of making a junction in conveyor belts or the like, and connecting plate for such a junction
EP0589010B1 (en) Process for producing a ready-to-use string for racquets, especially tennis racquets
DE282319C (en)
DE1578532A1 (en) Exercise mat and process for its manufacture
DE1095509B (en) Process for the production of fiber stretch bands from rubber
DE60014793T2 (en) Device with a grip surface with improved sliding layer, in particular the tubular segment of a fishing rod
DE2501848A1 (en) Waterproof hospital sheet of crepe paper and plastics - with slight transverse crumpling of paper to improve wearing properties
DE1435246A1 (en) Elastic band and process for its manufacture
EP0001790A1 (en) Wire tension device, in particular for winding machines
DE2424555C3 (en) Power transmission belt and process for its manufacture
DE1435246B (en) Method of making an elastic band

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19861106

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19871109

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 36650

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19880915

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: CALVANI SALVI E VERONELLI S.R.L.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3564535

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19880929

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 728A

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 85905591.5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19991012

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19991014

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19991014

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19991018

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19991021

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19991025

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19991027

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19991029

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19991122

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001111

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001111

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 20001129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001130

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001130

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001130

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: ISOSPORT VERBUNDBAUTEILE G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 20001130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010601

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20001111

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85905591.5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010731

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20010601

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST