EP0200640A1 - Two cables aerial ropeway with releasable cable grippers, andmethod for clamping onto and releasing such grippers from the corresponding cable - Google Patents

Two cables aerial ropeway with releasable cable grippers, andmethod for clamping onto and releasing such grippers from the corresponding cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200640A1
EP0200640A1 EP86400875A EP86400875A EP0200640A1 EP 0200640 A1 EP0200640 A1 EP 0200640A1 EP 86400875 A EP86400875 A EP 86400875A EP 86400875 A EP86400875 A EP 86400875A EP 0200640 A1 EP0200640 A1 EP 0200640A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
clamp
cables
clamps
installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86400875A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0200640B1 (en
Inventor
Serge Tarassof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Poma SA
Original Assignee
Pomagalski SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pomagalski SA filed Critical Pomagalski SA
Priority to AT86400875T priority Critical patent/ATE58097T1/en
Publication of EP0200640A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200640A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200640B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200640B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B7/00—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks
    • B61B7/04—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables
    • B61B7/045—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables having in each direction more than one track serving as haulage cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
    • B61B12/12—Cable grippers; Haulage clips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cable clamp for transporting or towing installation using a tractor overhead cable, a method for engaging / disengaging such a clamp to / from the corresponding cable, and a transport or towing installation using aerial cable. , especially two overhead cables.
  • the internal bearing surfaces of the jaws have a semi-cylindrical or almost semi-cylindrical shape so that in the clamped state the two jaws completely or almost completely enclose the cable.
  • the clamp grips the cable from above and the end lips of the jaws are flush with the underside of the cable.
  • end stations generally have two distinct zones: a vehicle arrival zone and a vehicle departure zone.
  • the clamps are disconnected from the cables, in particular to allow vehicle storage or embarkation / disembarkation respectively loading / unloading of passengers or goods stopped or at reduced circulation speed much lower than the cable travel speed.
  • the vehicles are released from the cables and travel on guide rails or other suitable tracks.
  • the reverse occurs so as to allow the circulation of vehicles or embarkation respectively the loading of passengers or goods at a standstill or at reduced speed much lower than the cable running speed.
  • the vehicles are engaged in the cables, then the clamps are engaged with the cables.
  • the fixed jaw having an internal bearing surface of generally semi-cylindrical shape which remains practically against the cable even when the clamp is in the loose state, it follows that to dissociate the cable from the clamp in the loose state it is necessary to operate a combined double relative movement of the cable with respect to the clamp on the one hand: horizontal and transverse (that is to say normal to the middle part of the surface of the internal part of the fixed jaw) which has the effect to spread the cable and the fixed jaw, on the other hand vertical (that is to say in the direction of entry or exit of the clamp) until the cable completely escapes the internal space delimited by the jaws of the pliers.
  • horizontal and transverse that is to say normal to the middle part of the surface of the internal part of the fixed jaw
  • vertical that is to say in the direction of entry or exit of the clamp
  • the start / end zone comprising the clutch / disengage ramps, the cables, the running rails, the deflection means, is made up of several zones: a tightening / loosening zone, an association zone / dissociation, an engagement / disengagement zone.
  • each of the clamps progressively passes from the fully tightened state to the totally loose state or vice versa; in the association / dissociation zone, a relative movement of the clamp relative to the cable separates the clamp from the cable as a result of which no contact exists between the clamp and the cable, the clamp then being situated around and close to it of the cable, or vice versa, the clamp is secured to the cable by this relative movement of the clamp relative to the cable which establishes contact between the clamp and the cable; in the engagement / disengagement zone, the clamp is in the totally loosened state without surrounding the cable and is moved towards or away from the cable, as well as the vehicle with which it is associated.
  • the means for relative deviation of the path of the cables with respect to that of the running rails are therefore placed essentially in the dissociation association zone and in the engagement / disengagement zone.
  • the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • a cable clamp for clamping the internal bearing surface of the fixed jaw on the one hand with a first support part in the form of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable so that in the clamped state the first part marries a first section of contour of the opposite cable, and on the side of its end lip, a second part extending the first part and which in the clamped state remains separated from the second section of cable opposite; the second part being at least partially and at least approximately flat, at least as far away from the second section as is the plane P extending the first part tangentially to its connection with the second part, at least partially and at least roughly located in plane P; the first part having the shape of a cylindrical sector of approximately 90 ", in protruding from them; the spacing D between the free end of the first part and the free end of the lip being at most equal and roughly close cable diameter.
  • the invention also proposes a method for disengaging such a clamp in which during the second dissociation phase, a relative movement of the cable is carried out relative to the clamp exclusively in the vertical direction.
  • the invention also proposes a method for engaging two clamps respectively to each of the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables parallel to each other and driven at the same speed in which the clamps are inserted between the separated cables, the cables are inserted into the internal space of the pliers, the pliers are associated with the cables, then each of the pliers is tightened around the cable in two stages, a first stage where the movable jaw is brought into contact with the lateral part of the corresponding cable, a second stage during which the cable is pressed against the fixed jaw by imposing a transverse approximation of the two cables; a method for disengaging at least two clamps which rigidly secure a vehicle to the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables, the clamps having been previously engaged to the cables by a method according to the invention, in which during the phase of loosening of the clamps, the jaw of each of the clamps of the corresponding cable is moved aside, as a result of which the two cables return by elasticity to their normal spacing imposed by the fixed structure
  • the invention also provides a carrier-tractor overhead cable transport installation comprising a clamp according to the invention and allowing the implementation of the methods according to the invention, and a transport installation with two overhead cables parallel to each other in which the horizontal and transverse spacing between the clamps is slightly less than that of the cables .
  • the invention solves, thanks to the particular shape given to the fixed jaw, and / or to the fact that the spacing of the clamps is slightly less than that of the two cables, the problem of the relative double deflection of the cable (s) ) relative to the clamp (s) in the association / dissociation zone.
  • the invention there is only vertical relative deviation without any particular problem, not imposing the delicate adjustment necessary for a horizontal deviation. This allows in particular to overcome the rollers with an inclined axis and the controlled technical difficulties which result therefrom.
  • a clamp 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a clamp body 2 and two jaws, one fixed 3, the other movable 4 normally being in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured from above to a cable 5 which has a substantially circular cross section, the jaws being turned downwards and laterally enclosing the cable.
  • the two jaws 3, 4 comprise in known manner two end lips, respectively 6 and 7, flush with the lower base 8 of the cable 5 in the clamped position to allow passage over the cable support rollers 5 smoothly and have a slight projection on the upper part 9 of the cable 5 which does not obstruct the passage under the compression rollers.
  • the movable jaw 4 is articulated in a known manner on an axis 10 carried by the body 2 and which, in the engaged state, extends parallel and above the cable 5.
  • Each jaw 3,4 has an internal bearing surface 11, 12, these surfaces defining an internal space 13 of the clamp 1.
  • the cable 5 is included in the internal space 13 and the surfaces 11, 12, are at least partly in contact with the cable 5.
  • the internal bearing surface 11 of the fixed jaw 3 of a clamp comprises on the one hand a first support part 14 on the cable 5 in the form of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable 5 so that 'in the tightened state, the first part 14 follows a first section 15 of contour of cable 5 opposite, and on the side of the end lip 6, a second part 16 extending the first part 14 and which in the tightened state remains apart from the second section 17 of contours of the cable opposite.
  • This second part 16 is at least partially and at least approximately flat. It is at least as far apart from the second section 17 as it is from the plane P extending the first part 4 tangentially to its connection 18 with the second part 16.
  • this second part 16 is at least partially and at least approximately located in the plane P, or even as shown in FIG. 2, substantially planar and situated in the plane P (shown partially in dotted lines in FIG. 2).
  • the first part 14 for bearing on the cable 5, in contact with the cable 5, has the shape of a cylindrical sector of approximately 90 °.
  • This cylindrical sector advantageously is at most 90 °, but may be less than 90 °, in which case the second part 16 is more distant from the second section 17 than is the plane P.
  • the spacing D between the lip d end 7 and the end lip 6 is in the tightened state, less than the diameter of the cable 5, so that the cable cannot escape from the internal space 13 of the clamp 1 when the latter is in the tight and engaged state.
  • the internal bearing surface 12 of the movable jaw 4 has the shape of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable 5 so that in the tightened state, the entire movable jaw conforms to the section 19 of the cable outline in look and fully cooperate with the cable.
  • This internal bearing surface 12 has the shape of a cylindrical sector between 90 and 180 ° and preferably between 120 and 150 °.
  • the clamp 1 cooperates in the clamped state with the cable 5 on a cylindrical sector less than 270 ° but greater than 180 °, preferably between 210 and 240 °.
  • the internal bearing surfaces 11, 12 are advantageously connected in the clamped state opposite the upper part 9 of the cable without leaving a section of this upper part 9 of the cable 5 which does not cooperate with the clamp.
  • the two surfaces 11, 12 therefore conform to a section of cable formed from sections 15 facing the first part of the surface 11 and 19 facing the surface 12, according to a continuous cylindrical sector between 210 and 240 degrees.
  • the longitudinal horizontal direction is the direction of the cable 5. It will be noted that this direction is not in practice always horizontal, although it is referred to as longitudinal horizontal for the sake of simplicity, because it can be more or less strongly inclined relative to the horizontal of the place according to the route given to the cable, a route which depends in particular on accidents on the ground and / or the function fulfilled by the transport or towing installation concerned.
  • the horizontal transverse direction is the direction which is horizontal in the absolute and perpendicular to the direction of the cable 5.
  • the vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to this plane.
  • the horizontal plane is the plane containing the two cables.
  • this plane is either effectively horizontal if the longitudinal horizontal direction is effectively horizontal or inclined more or less sharply depending on the terrain and on the path of the cables.
  • the invention also relates to a method for disengaging a clamp from the corresponding cable, that is to say a method making it possible to loosen a clamp parallel to the clamped state and rigidly secured to the cable, then to dissociate the clamp from the cable by removing any contact between the clamp and the cable and finally to disengage the cable from the clamp so that the clamp and the cable are completely independent of each other and can no longer interfere with each other.
  • a method for engaging a clamp to a cable makes it possible to engage the cable in the internal space of the clamp so that they can interfere with each other, to associate the cable with the clamp by establishing contact between the cable and the clamp, then tighten the clamp around the cable, after which the clamp is rigidly secured to the cable.
  • a method for disengaging a clamp 1 according to the invention from the corresponding cable 5, comprises in known manner an initial phase of loosening of the clamp 1 during which the jaws 3, 4 are loosened from the clamped state where the clamp is rigidly secured to the cable 5, an intermediate phase of dissociation of the clamp 1 from the cable 5 during which any contact between the cable 5 and the clamp 1 is removed in order to separate the cable 5 from the clamp 1, the cable 5 being however still included in the internal space 13 of the forceps at the end of this dissociation phase, but which may scroll at a speed different from the speed of advance of the clamp 1 which can even even be completely stopped, a final phase of disengagement of the cable 5 from the clamp 1 during which the cable 5 is removed from the clamp 1, out of its internal space 13 so that it can no longer interfere with it.
  • a relative movement of the cable 5 is carried out relative to the clamp 1 exclusively in the vertical direction. Thanks to the previously described shape of the clamp 1 according to the invention, it is not necessary to make a relative movement in the horizontal transverse direction of the cable 5 relative to the clamp 1 to dissociate them. Indeed, the fixed jaw 3 of the clamp 1 has an internal bearing surface 11 whose second part 16 and therefore the end lip 6 of this fixed jaw 3 - is spaced from the cable.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method for dissociating a cable from an overhead cable transport or towing installation with a disengageable clamp allowing the engaged state to secure a vehicle or similar to this cable, in which mainly displaces the clamp vertically and upwards and in that the cable is left with a straight path.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for a transport or towing installation with disengageable overhead cable comprising at least one tensioned carrier-tractor cable 5 supported and guided by compression and / or guide support rollers 22, driven with continuous scrolling; at least one vehicle or the like with which is associated, in particular by means of a carriage 21 and a hanger 20, at least one collet comprising a clamp body 2 and two jaws, one fixed 3, the other movable 4, the clamp normally being in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured to the cable 5 from above, the jaws 34 preferably flush with the lower base of the cable 5, or in the disengaged state when it is no longer rigidly secured to cable 5 and that the jaws 3, 4 are in the released position; boarding and / or landing stations; loading / unloading where there is in the first place at least one clutch / disengagement ramp 23 of the clamp, secondly at least one running rail 24 of the carriage 21, which can cooperate with at least one running roller 31 carried by the clamp or the carriage 21, defining a clamping / loosening area 25 of
  • An installation according to the invention comprises a clamp 1 according to the invention as described above.
  • zones 25, 26, 27 have been shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 where they are delimited by dotted lines. However, these zones 25, 26, 27 are functional zones which are not necessarily physically demarcated in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4. These zones are moreover not necessarily physically separable, and may overlap each other. other.
  • the clutch / disengaging ramp 23 cooperates with at least one control roller 29 carried by the clamp 1 or the carriage, and which controls, in association with an elastic member such as a spring 30, the closing / opening of the movable jaw 4.
  • an elastic member such as a spring 30
  • the deflection means 28 act essentially in the vertical direction. During the association, these means 28 vertically bring the clamp 1 in the loose state and the cable 5 previously placed in the internal space 13 of the clamp 1, until contact is established between the clamp 1 and the upper part 9 of the cable 5. Conversely, during dissociation, these means 28 vertically separate the clamp 1 in the loose state and the cable 5, eliminating any contact between the clamp 1 and the cable 5. At the end of the phase dissociation as we understand it, the cable 5 is located in the internal space 13 of the clamp 1 and therefore the vehicle is not yet completely uncoupled. In the engagement / disengagement zone 27, the clamps are also in the loose state, and the deflection means 28 act in the transverse horizontal direction and / or in the vertical direction. During the engagement, the cable 5 is inserted into the internal space 13 of the clamp 1. During the disengagement, the cable 5 and the clamp 1 are sufficiently distant from each other so as not to interfere with each other and allow total uncoupling of the vehicle.
  • the deflection means 28 are produced by the specific shape of the paths of the cable 5 and of that of the running rail (s) 24.
  • the trajectory of the cable 5 and the trajectory of the running rail (s) 24 are inclined one relative to the other in the vertical plane.
  • the running rail (s) 24 is (are) located below the cable, its path approaches the path of the cable 5 in the vertical direction of the area d association / dissociation 26 to the engagement / disengagement zone 27.
  • the trajectories of the cable 5 and of the running track (s) 24 remain at constant or substantially constant spacing in the horizontal transverse direction, in the association / dissociation zone 26.
  • the support, compression and / or guide rollers 22 of the cable 5 are with transverse horizontal axis or roughly horizontal transverse axis.
  • the cable 5 is practically not deviated from its (their) trajectory in the association / dissociation zone
  • the (or) track (s) being in turn deflected in the vertical direction from its initial longitudinal horizontal path.
  • the running rail (s) has (have) therefore a trajectory not parallel to that of the cable 5.
  • a transport or towing installation comprising, in a known manner, two overhead cables 5a, 5b, parallel tractor-carriers and driven at the same speed with continuous travel, in particular thanks to end stations, pylons, rollers support or compression and / or guide, at least one vehicle or the like coupled in line by a suspension 20, extending in the vertical plane of symmetry of the cables and articulated to a carriage 21 carrying at least one pair of disengageable clamps to secure the trolley 21 with two cables in line from below and for uncoupling the vehicle in the end stations by disengaging the clamps, with a view in particular to allowing the storage of vehicle (s) or the loading / unloading respectively on loading / unloading of passengers respectively of goods.
  • the fixed jaws 3 are located towards the inside of the carriage, the movable jaws being towards the outside opposite the fixed jaws.
  • the movable jaws 4 enclose in a tight state the external lateral parts 32 of the cables 5a, 5b, that is to say those which are oriented towards the outside of the two cables, and the fixed jaws 3 enclosing the 'tight state the internal lateral parts 33 of the cables 5a, 5b, oriented towards the space separating the two cables.
  • Such an installation according to the invention is such that the horizontal spacing E transverse to the right of the clamps between the two cables inserted in the clamps in the clamped and engaged state, is less than the normal spacing E 'horizontal and transverse between the two cables 5a, 5b, imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, support or compression and / or guide rollers, end stations).
  • the spacing E corresponds to the spacing between the internal bearing surfaces of the fixed jaws 3 of the clamps. This spacing is not exactly adapted to that of the cables and is less, in particular slightly less than the spacing of the cables. So when the clamp is closed by tightening the movable jaw 4, the cables 5a, 5b are brought together transversely to each other in line with the clamps and undergo a slight elastic deformation.
  • a two-cable installation according to the invention also comprises at least one tightening / loosening zone 25, at least one association / dissociation zone 26, at least one engagement / disengagement zone 27 as described above. above.
  • the structure of the installation (pylons, support or compression and / or guide rollers, end stations) is arranged so that in the association / dissociation zone of an installation with two cables according to the Invention, the horizontal transverse spacing of the two cables 5a, 5b is constant or roughly constant.
  • This spacing of the two cables is possibly modified by the fixed structure only in the engagement / disengagement zone. Indeed, it is not necessary to modify this spacing to dissociate the cables from the clamps since the cables deviate on the one hand from one another, on the other hand from the fixed jaws automatically returning to their spacing initial E 'when opening the clamps.
  • the ratio of transverse spacing E to transverse spacing E ' is advantageously greater than 99% and at most equal to 100%.
  • the spacing E must not be too small because the cables 5a, 5b must always pass through the support or compression and / or guide rollers 22.
  • the difference in spacing is therefore such that it does not interfere the running of the cables and the passage of the clamps to the right of the pylons. This is why this difference in spacing is very small.
  • the distance which separates the lateral part of a cable opposite the corresponding fixed jaw from the internal bearing surface of the fixed jaw when the clamp is in the loose state is advantageously between 1 and 5 mm.
  • the difference between the spacing E of the cables in the state inserted in the clamps and the spacing E 'of the cables in the free state is between 2 and 10 mm.
  • a method for engaging at least two clamps respectively to each of the cables 5a, 5b of a transport installation with two overhead cables comprises an engagement phase during which the clamps are inserted between two cables 5a, 5b, separated so that the plane of the clamps is located above the horizontal plane of the cables, the vehicle or the like supported by the clamps being located below the plane of the cables, then a relative movement of the cables is carried out by relative to the clamps in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction for inserting the cables into the internal space 13 of the clamps, the lateral parts of the cables then not being in contact with the fixed and movable jaws; an association phase during which we carry out a relative displacement of the cables relative to the clamps in the loose state in the vertical direction to associate the clamps with the cables by establishing contact between the clamps and the upper part 9 of the cables 5a, 5b; a tightening phase during which each of the clamps is tightened around the corresponding cable in two stages: a first stage during which the internal bearing surface 12 of the
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp before the engagement phase.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp after the engagement phase and at the start of the association phase.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp after the association phase.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp at the end of the first stage and at the beginning of the second stage of the tightening phase.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp at the end of the second stage of the tightening phase.
  • a method for disengaging at least two clamps rigidly securing a vehicle respectively to each of the cables of an air transport installation according to the invention, the clamps having been previously engaged to the cables by a method according to the invention comprises a phase of loosening the clamps from the tightened state where they are rigidly secured to the cables during which the movable jaw 4 is separated from each of the clamps of the corresponding cable, as a result of which the two cables return by elasticity to their spacing E 'normal horizontal transverse imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, end stations, support or compression and / or guide rollers) which is slightly greater than the transverse spacing of the clamps and therefore deviate slightly on the one hand on the other, on the other hand fixed jaws 3 of the clamps.
  • Such a method according to the invention subsequently comprises a dissociation phase and a release phase described above.
  • FIGS. 10, 9, 8, 7 and 6 Such a method according to the invention can be illustrated by FIGS. 10, 9, 8, 7 and 6.
  • the invention can be the subject of numerous variants, and in particular in the opposite case where the fixed jaws 3 are located outside the movable jaws 4, it is on the contrary the spacing E 'of the cables to the free state which is less than the spacing E of the cables in the state inserted in the clamps, and when tightening the clamps, the two cables are spaced from one another.
  • the above description will obviously be transposed to this variant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

A disconnectable locking clamp disconnectable from an overhead cable onto which it is locked, the clamp having a body with a fixed jaw and a movable jaw and in which the support surface (11) of the fixed jaw (3) has, on the one hand, a first cylindrical surface (14) complementary to a corresponding surface (15) of the cable, and, on the other hand, the end (6) of the fixed jaw (3) has a second surface (16) which is an extension of the first surface (14) and which is spaced from a corresponding surface (17) of the cable. The invention also covers methods of disconnection, connection, and uncoupling of such a clamp, and a transport or towing installation using such a clamp.

Description

L'invention concerne une pince de serrage d'un câble pour installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien porteur tracteur, un procédé pour embrayer/débrayer une telle pince au/du câble correspondant et une installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien, notamment à deux câbles aériens.The invention relates to a cable clamp for transporting or towing installation using a tractor overhead cable, a method for engaging / disengaging such a clamp to / from the corresponding cable, and a transport or towing installation using aerial cable. , especially two overhead cables.

On connaît déjà (brevet européen n° 56 919) une pince de serrage débrayable pour installation de transport à câble aérien qui comprend un corps de pince, une mâchoiree fixe solidaire du corps de pince à une mâchoire mobile articulée sur la mâchoire fixe. Normalement une telle pince est fermée et embrayée sur le câble -sous l'action d'un organe élastique tel qu'un ressort- c'est-à-dire à l'état serré dans lequel elle est solidarisée rigidement au câble. Du fait d'une rampe d'embrayage/débrayage fixe sur laquelle est appliqué et roule un galet porté par la pince, la pince est ouverte, à l'encontre du ressort mentionné précédemment et elle se trouve alors à l'état desserré où elle peut être débrayée, c'est-à-dire désolidarisée du câble.Already known (European Patent No. 56,919) a disengageable collet for overhead cable transport installation which comprises a clamp body, a fixed jaw secured to the clamp body to a movable jaw articulated on the fixed jaw. Normally such a clamp is closed and engaged on the cable - under the action of an elastic member such as a spring - that is to say in the clamped state in which it is rigidly secured to the cable. Due to a fixed clutch / disengage ramp on which a roller carried by the clamp is applied and rolls, the clamp is open, against the spring mentioned above and it is then in the loose state where it can be disengaged, that is to say detached from the cable.

Dans une telle pince connue, les surfaces de portée interne des mâchoires ont une forme semi-cylindrique ou presque semi-cylindrique de telle sorte que à l'état serré les deux mâchoires enserrent totalement ou presque totalement le câble. La pince 'enserre le câble par dessus et les lèvres d'extrémité des mâchoires affleurent la face inférieure du câble.In such a known clamp, the internal bearing surfaces of the jaws have a semi-cylindrical or almost semi-cylindrical shape so that in the clamped state the two jaws completely or almost completely enclose the cable. The clamp grips the cable from above and the end lips of the jaws are flush with the underside of the cable.

D'autre part, on connaît également (brevet européen 93.680) une installation comportant deux câbles porteurs-tracteurs parallèles entre eux mais écartés transversalement l'un de l'autre. Les pinces dont sont munies cette installation sont du type mentionné précédemment ou d'un type voisin. L'installation comporte des stations d'extrémité d'embarquement/ débarquement ou chargement/déchargement dans lesquelles sont prévus des rails de roulement du chariot sur lequel sont montées les pinces, une ou des rampes d'embrayage et de débrayage des pinces, un ou plusieurs rails de roulement des véhicules ou des chariots qui les portent, et des moyens pour effectuer une déviation relative de la trajectoire des câbles par rapport à celles des rails de roulement.On the other hand, there is also known (European patent 93,680) an installation comprising two carrier-tractor cables parallel to each other but spaced transversely from one another. The clamps with which this installation is provided are of the type mentioned above or of a neighboring type. The installation comprises embarkation / disembarkation or loading / unloading end stations in which the rails of the carriage are provided on which the clamps are mounted, one or more ramps for clutching and disengaging the clamps, one or several running rails of the vehicles or of the carriages carrying them, and means for effecting a relative deviation of the path of the cables with respect to those of the running rails.

Ces stations d'extrémité comportent en général deux zones distinctes : une zone d'arrivée des véhicules et une zone de départt des véhicules.These end stations generally have two distinct zones: a vehicle arrival zone and a vehicle departure zone.

Dans la zone d'arrivée des véhicules dans les stations, les pinces sont débrayées des câbles en vue notamment de permettre l'entreposage des véhicules ou l'embarquement/débarquement respectivement le chargement/déchargement des passagers ou des marchandises à l'arrêt ou à vitesse de circulation réduite largement inférieure à la vitesse de défilement des câbles. A cet effet les véhicules sont dégagés des câbles et circulent sur des rails de guidage ou autres voies appropriées.In the vehicle arrival area at the stations, the clamps are disconnected from the cables, in particular to allow vehicle storage or embarkation / disembarkation respectively loading / unloading of passengers or goods stopped or at reduced circulation speed much lower than the cable travel speed. For this purpose, the vehicles are released from the cables and travel on guide rails or other suitable tracks.

Dans la zone de départ, c'est l'inverse qui se produit de façon à permettre la mise en circulation des véhicules ou l'embarquement respectivement le chargement de passagers ou de marchandises à l'arrêt ou à vitesse de circulation réduite largement inférieure à la vitesse de défilement du câble. Les véhicules sont engagés dans les câbles, puis les pinces sont embrayées aux câbles.In the departure area, the reverse occurs so as to allow the circulation of vehicles or embarkation respectively the loading of passengers or goods at a standstill or at reduced speed much lower than the cable running speed. The vehicles are engaged in the cables, then the clamps are engaged with the cables.

Dans ces installations et avec ces pinces 'connues, un problème qui se pose est celui de l'embrayage ou du débrayage de la pince par rapport au câble. Au cours de l'étape de débrayage, la pince précédemment associée rigidement au câble est d'une part libérée, d'autre part écartée de celui-ci pour ne plus interférer avec lui. Au cours de l'étape d'embrayage c'est l'inverse qui se produit.In these installations and with these known clamps, a problem which arises is that of the clutch or disengagement of the clamp relative to the cable. During the declutching step, the clamp previously rigidly associated with the cable is on the one hand released, on the other hand moved away from it so as not to interfere with it any more. During the clutch stage, the reverse occurs.

La mâchoire fixe ayant une surface de portée interne de forme générale semi-cylindrique qui reste pratiquement contre le câble même lorsque la pince est à l'état desserré, il sensuit que pour dissocier le câble de la pince à l'état dessérré il est nécessaire d'opérer un double mouvement relatif combiné du câble par rapport à la pince d'une part : horizontal et transversal (c'est-àdire normal à la partie médiane de la surface de partie interne de la machoire fixe) ce qui a pour effet d'écarter le câble et le mors fixe, d'autre part vertical (c'est-à-dire dans la direction d'entrée ou sortie de la pince) jusqu'à ce que le câble échappe totalement à l'espace interne délimité par les mâchoires de la pince. Dans cette situation, le câble se trouve placé en regard de l'ouverture d'entrée de la pince. Grâce à un mouvement relatif ultérieur câble/pince essentiellement horizontal et transversal il est possible d'écarter totalement la pince du câble (jusqu'à désengagement complet) en évitant ainsi toute interférence entre eux.The fixed jaw having an internal bearing surface of generally semi-cylindrical shape which remains practically against the cable even when the clamp is in the loose state, it follows that to dissociate the cable from the clamp in the loose state it is necessary to operate a combined double relative movement of the cable with respect to the clamp on the one hand: horizontal and transverse (that is to say normal to the middle part of the surface of the internal part of the fixed jaw) which has the effect to spread the cable and the fixed jaw, on the other hand vertical (that is to say in the direction of entry or exit of the clamp) until the cable completely escapes the internal space delimited by the jaws of the pliers. In this situation, the cable is placed opposite the inlet opening of the clamp. Thanks to a subsequent relative movement of the cable / clamp which is essentially horizontal and transverse, it is possible to completely separate the clamp from the cable (until complete disengagement), thereby avoiding any interference between them.

Dans une station, la zone de départ/arrivée comportant les rampes d'embrayage/débrayage, les câbles, les rails de roulement, les moyens de déviation, est constituée de plusieurs zones : une zone de serrage/desserrage, une zone d'association/disso- cation, une zone d'engagement/désengagement. Dans la zone de serrage/desserage, chacune des pinces passe progressivement de l'état totalement serré à l'état totalement desserré ou inversement ; dans la zone d'association/dissociation, un mouvement relatif de la pince par rapport au câble désolidarise la pince du câble à la suite duquel aucun contact n'existe plus entre la pince et le câble, la pince étant alors située autour et à proximité du câble, ou inversement la pince est solidarisée au câble par ce mouvement relatif de la pince par rapport au câble qui établit le contact entre la pince et le câble ; dans la zone d'engagement/désengagement, la pince est à l'état totalement desserré sans entourer le câble et est rapprochée ou éloignée du câble, ainsi que le véhicule auquel elle est associée.In a station, the start / end zone comprising the clutch / disengage ramps, the cables, the running rails, the deflection means, is made up of several zones: a tightening / loosening zone, an association zone / dissociation, an engagement / disengagement zone. In the clamping / loosening zone, each of the clamps progressively passes from the fully tightened state to the totally loose state or vice versa; in the association / dissociation zone, a relative movement of the clamp relative to the cable separates the clamp from the cable as a result of which no contact exists between the clamp and the cable, the clamp then being situated around and close to it of the cable, or vice versa, the clamp is secured to the cable by this relative movement of the clamp relative to the cable which establishes contact between the clamp and the cable; in the engagement / disengagement zone, the clamp is in the totally loosened state without surrounding the cable and is moved towards or away from the cable, as well as the vehicle with which it is associated.

Les moyens de déviation relative de la trajectoire des câbles par rapport à celle des rails de roulement sont donc placés essentiellement dans la zone d'association dissociation et dans la zone d'engagement/ désengagement.The means for relative deviation of the path of the cables with respect to that of the running rails are therefore placed essentially in the dissociation association zone and in the engagement / disengagement zone.

Compte tenu de ce qui a été dit précédenunent, il s'ensuit que dans la zone d'association/dissociation les moyens de déviation doivent assurer le double mouvement relatif horizontal et vertical. Cela conduit entre autres à placer dans la zone d'association/ dissociation des galets de support des câbles à axes inclinés. En se référant au cas d'une installation à deux câbles telle que décrite dans le brevet suscité, on remarque que dans la zone d'association/dissociation, non seulement il y a un mouvement relatil vertical du câble par rapport à la pince, mais encore un mouvement relatif horizon- tal, ce qui se traduit par le fait que les deux câbles vont en s'éloignant l'un de l'autre de la zone de serrage/desserrage à la zone d'engagement/ désengagement. Or, ces déviations du câble posent de nombreux problèmes et en particulier celui du réglage et celui des contraintes. On comprend en effet qu'il soit particulièrement ardu de régler une double déviation relative de trajectoire (horizontale et verticale) entre le câble et le rail de roulement, d'autant que cette déviation porte sur de faibles distances. Et on comprend aussi que le câble et les galets de support à axe incliné subissent des contraintes tout à fait spéciales qu'il serait souhaitable d'éviter.In view of what has been said above, it follows that in the association / dissociation zone the deflection means must ensure the double relative horizontal and vertical movement. This leads inter alia to place in the association / dissociation zone of the support rollers of the cables with inclined axes. Referring to the case of a two-cable installation as described in the above-mentioned patent, it is noted that in the association / dissociation zone, not only is there a relative vertical movement of the cable relative to the clamp, but also a relative horizontal movement, which results in the fact that the two cables move away from each other from the clamping zone / loosening at the engagement / disengagement area. However, these deviations of the cable pose many problems and in particular that of the adjustment and that of the constraints. It is in fact understood that it is particularly difficult to adjust a double relative deviation of trajectory (horizontal and vertical) between the cable and the running rail, all the more so as this deviation relates to short distances. And it is also understood that the cable and the support rollers with an inclined axis are subjected to very special stresses which it would be desirable to avoid.

L'invention vise donc à remédier à ces inconvénients. A cet effet, elle propose une pince de serrage d'un câble dont la surface de portée interne de la mâchoire fixe comporte d'une part une première partie d'appui en forme de secteur cylindrique appropriée à la section du câble de manière qu'à l'état serré la première partie épouse un premier tronçon de contour du câble en regard, et du côté de sa lèvre d'extrémité, une seconde partie prolongeant la première partie et qui à l'état serré reste écartée du second tronçon de câble en regard ; la seconde partie étant au moins partiellement et au moins à peu près plane, au moins autant écartée du second tronçon que ne l'est le plan P prolongeant la première partie tangentiellement à son raccordement avec la seconde partie, au moins partiellement et au moins à peu près située dans le plan P ; la première partie ayant la forme d'un secteur cylindrique de 90" environ, dans les dépasser ; l'écartement D entre l'extrémité libre de la première partie et l'extrémité libre de la lèvre étant au plus égal et à peu près voisin du diamètre du câble.The invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks. To this end, it provides a cable clamp for clamping the internal bearing surface of the fixed jaw on the one hand with a first support part in the form of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable so that in the clamped state the first part marries a first section of contour of the opposite cable, and on the side of its end lip, a second part extending the first part and which in the clamped state remains separated from the second section of cable opposite; the second part being at least partially and at least approximately flat, at least as far away from the second section as is the plane P extending the first part tangentially to its connection with the second part, at least partially and at least roughly located in plane P; the first part having the shape of a cylindrical sector of approximately 90 ", in protruding from them; the spacing D between the free end of the first part and the free end of the lip being at most equal and roughly close cable diameter.

L'invention propose également un procédé pour débrayer une telle pince dans lequel lors de la deuxième phase de dissociation, on réalise un déplacement relatif du câble par rapport à la pince exclusivement dans la direction verticale.The invention also proposes a method for disengaging such a clamp in which during the second dissociation phase, a relative movement of the cable is carried out relative to the clamp exclusively in the vertical direction.

L'invention propose également un procédé pour embrayer deux pinces respectivement à chacun des câbles d'une installation de transport à deux câbles aériens parallèles entre eux et entraînés à même vitesse dans lequel on insère les pinces entres les câbles écartés, on insère les câbles dans l'espace interne des pince, on associe les pinces aux câbles, puis on serre chacune des pinces autour du câble en deux temps, un premier temps où on met en contact la mâchoire mobile et la partie latérale du câble correspondant, un second temps lors duquel on plaque le câble contre la machoire fixe en imposant un rapprochement transversal des deux câbles ; un procédé pour débrayer au moins deux pinces qui solidarisent rigidement un véhicule aux câbles d'une installation de de transport à deux câbles aériens, les pinces ayant été précédemment embrayées aux câbles par un procédé selon l'invention, dans lequel lors de la phase de desserrage des pinces, on écarte la mâchoire de chacune des pinces du câble correspondant, à la suite de quoi les deux câbles reviennent par élasticité à leur écartement normal imposé par la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, stations d'extrémité, galets de guidage ou autres galets ...) qui est légèrement supérieur à l'écartement transversal des pinces, et donc s'écartent d'une part l'un de l'autre, d'autre part des mâchoires fixes des pinces.The invention also proposes a method for engaging two clamps respectively to each of the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables parallel to each other and driven at the same speed in which the clamps are inserted between the separated cables, the cables are inserted into the internal space of the pliers, the pliers are associated with the cables, then each of the pliers is tightened around the cable in two stages, a first stage where the movable jaw is brought into contact with the lateral part of the corresponding cable, a second stage during which the cable is pressed against the fixed jaw by imposing a transverse approximation of the two cables; a method for disengaging at least two clamps which rigidly secure a vehicle to the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables, the clamps having been previously engaged to the cables by a method according to the invention, in which during the phase of loosening of the clamps, the jaw of each of the clamps of the corresponding cable is moved aside, as a result of which the two cables return by elasticity to their normal spacing imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, end stations, rollers of guide or other rollers ...) which is slightly greater than the transverse spacing of the clamps, and therefore deviate on the one hand from one another, on the other hand from the fixed jaws of the clamps.

L'invention propose également une installation de transport à câble aérien porteur-tracteur comportant une pince selon l'invention et permettant la mise en oeuvre des procédés selon l'invention, et une installation de transport à deux câbles aériens parallèles entre eux dans laquel le l'écartement horizontal et transversal entre les pinces est légèrement inférieur à celui des câbles.The invention also provides a carrier-tractor overhead cable transport installation comprising a clamp according to the invention and allowing the implementation of the methods according to the invention, and a transport installation with two overhead cables parallel to each other in which the horizontal and transverse spacing between the clamps is slightly less than that of the cables .

Ainsi l'invention résoud grâce à la forme particulière donnée à la machoire fixe, et/ou au fait que l'écartement des pinces est légèrement inférieur à celui des deux câbles, le problème de la double déviation relative du (des) câble(s) par rapport à la (aux) pince(s) dans la zone d'association/ dissociation. Selon l'invention, il n'y a que déviation relative verticale sans problème particulier, n'imposant pas le réglage délicat nécessaire à une déviation horizontale. Cela permet en particulier de s'affranchir des galets à axe incliné et des difficultés techniques contrôlées qui en découlent.Thus the invention solves, thanks to the particular shape given to the fixed jaw, and / or to the fact that the spacing of the clamps is slightly less than that of the two cables, the problem of the relative double deflection of the cable (s) ) relative to the clamp (s) in the association / dissociation zone. According to the invention, there is only vertical relative deviation without any particular problem, not imposing the delicate adjustment necessary for a horizontal deviation. This allows in particular to overcome the rollers with an inclined axis and the controlled technical difficulties which result therefrom.

L'invention sera maintenant mieux comprise grâce à la description qui suit, en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • . La figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une pince connue à l'état serré.
  • La figure 2 st une vue schématique en élévation d'une pince selon l'invention à l'état serré.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en élévation d'un chariot à au moins deux pinces pour installation de transport aérien à deux câbles selon l'invention.
  • l'a figure 4 est une vue schématique de dessus des câbles au niveau d'une zone de départ/d'arrivée d'une station d'extrémité.
  • La figure 5 est une vue schématique de profil des câble selon la flèche F de la figure 4.
  • Les figures 6 à 10 illustrent les différentes phases des procédés d'embrayage/débrayage selon l'invention.
The invention will now be better understood thanks to the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • . Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of a known clamp in the clamped state.
  • Figure 2 st a schematic elevational view of a clamp according to the invention in the clamped state.
  • Figure 3 is an elevational view of a carriage with at least two clamps for air transport installation with two cables according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the cables at the level of a departure / arrival zone of an end station.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic profile view of the cables according to arrow F in FIG. 4.
  • Figures 6 to 10 illustrate the different phases of the clutch / declutching methods according to the invention.

Une pince 1 selon l'invention comporte de façon connue en soi un corps de pince 2 et deux mâchoires l'une fixe 3, l'autre mobile 4 se trouvant normalement à l'état embrayé où elle est solidarisée rigidement par le dessus à un câble 5 qui a une section droite transversale sensiblement circulaire, les mâchoires étant tournées vers le bas et enserrant latéralement le câble. Les deux mâchoires 3, 4 comportent de façon connue deux lèvres d'extrémité, respectivement 6 et 7, affleurant la base inférieure 8 du câble 5 en position serrée pour permettre le passage sur des galets de support du câble 5 sans à-coups et présentent une faible saillie sur la partie supérieure 9 du câble 5 qui n'entrave pas le passage sous les galets de compression. La mâchoire mobile 4 est articulée de façon connue sur un axe 10 porté par le corps 2 et qui, à l'état embrayé, s'étend parallèlement et au-dessus du câble 5. Chaque mâchoire 3,4 comporte une surface de portée interne 11, 12, ces surfaces définissant un espace interne 13 de la pince 1. A l'état serré et embrayé, le câble5 est compris dans J'espace interne 13 et les surfaces 11, 12, sont au moins en partie en contact avec le câble 5.A clamp 1 according to the invention comprises, in a manner known per se, a clamp body 2 and two jaws, one fixed 3, the other movable 4 normally being in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured from above to a cable 5 which has a substantially circular cross section, the jaws being turned downwards and laterally enclosing the cable. The two jaws 3, 4 comprise in known manner two end lips, respectively 6 and 7, flush with the lower base 8 of the cable 5 in the clamped position to allow passage over the cable support rollers 5 smoothly and have a slight projection on the upper part 9 of the cable 5 which does not obstruct the passage under the compression rollers. The movable jaw 4 is articulated in a known manner on an axis 10 carried by the body 2 and which, in the engaged state, extends parallel and above the cable 5. Each jaw 3,4 has an internal bearing surface 11, 12, these surfaces defining an internal space 13 of the clamp 1. In the clamped and engaged state, the cable 5 is included in the internal space 13 and the surfaces 11, 12, are at least partly in contact with the cable 5.

La surface de portée interne 11 de la mâchoire fixe 3 d'une pince selon l'invention comporte d'une part une première partie d'appui 14 sur le câble 5 en forme de secteur cylindrique appropriée à la section du câble 5 de manière qu'à l'état serré, la première partie 14 épouse un premier tronçon 15 de contour de câble 5 en regard, et du côté de la lèvre d'extrémité 6, une seconde partie 16 prolongeant la première partie 14 et qui à l'état serré reste écartée du second tronçon 17 de contour de câble en regard. Cette seconde partie 16 est au moins partiellement et au moins à peu près plane. Elle est au moins autant écartée du second tronçon 17 que de l'est le plan P prolongeant la première partie 4 tangentiellement à son raccordement 18 avec la seconde partie 16. Préférentiellement, cette seconde partie 16 est au moins partiellement et au moins à peu près située dans le plan P, voire même comme représenté en figure 2, substantiellement plane et située dans le plan P (représenté partiellement en pointillés en figure 2).The internal bearing surface 11 of the fixed jaw 3 of a clamp according to the invention comprises on the one hand a first support part 14 on the cable 5 in the form of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable 5 so that 'in the tightened state, the first part 14 follows a first section 15 of contour of cable 5 opposite, and on the side of the end lip 6, a second part 16 extending the first part 14 and which in the tightened state remains apart from the second section 17 of contours of the cable opposite. This second part 16 is at least partially and at least approximately flat. It is at least as far apart from the second section 17 as it is from the plane P extending the first part 4 tangentially to its connection 18 with the second part 16. Preferably, this second part 16 is at least partially and at least approximately located in the plane P, or even as shown in FIG. 2, substantially planar and situated in the plane P (shown partially in dotted lines in FIG. 2).

Selon l'invention, la première partie 14 d'appui sur le câble 5, en contact avec le câble 5, a la forme d'un secteur cylindrique de 90° environ. Ce secteur cylindrique fait avantageusement au plus 90°, mais peut être inférieur à 90°, auquel cas la seconde partie 16 est plus écartée du second tronçon 17 que ne l'est le plan P. Cependant, l'écartement D entre la lèvre d'extrémité 7 et la lèvre d'extrémité 6 est à l'état serré, inférieur au diamètre du câble 5, de façon que le câble ne puisse pas s'échapper de l'espace interne 13 de la pince 1 lorsque celle-ci est à l'état serré et embrayé.According to the invention, the first part 14 for bearing on the cable 5, in contact with the cable 5, has the shape of a cylindrical sector of approximately 90 °. This cylindrical sector advantageously is at most 90 °, but may be less than 90 °, in which case the second part 16 is more distant from the second section 17 than is the plane P. However, the spacing D between the lip d end 7 and the end lip 6 is in the tightened state, less than the diameter of the cable 5, so that the cable cannot escape from the internal space 13 of the clamp 1 when the latter is in the tight and engaged state.

De plus, la surface de portée interne 12 de la mâchoire mobile 4 a une forme de secteur cylindrique approprié à la section du câble 5 de manière qu'à l'état serré, toute la mâchoire mobile épouse le tronçon 19 de contour de câble en regard et coopère totalement avec le câble. Cette surface de portée interne 12 a la forme d'un secteur cylindrique compris entre 90 et 180° et préférentiellement compris entre 120 et 150°. Ainsi, la pince 1 coopère à l'état serré avec le câble 5 sur un secteur cylindrique inférieur à 270° mais supérieur à 180°, préférentiellement compris entre 210 et 240°. De plus, les surfaces de portée interne 11, 12 se raccordent avantageusement à l'état serré en regard de la partie supérieure 9 du câble sans laisser de tronçon de cette partie supérieure 9 du câble 5 qui ne coopère pas avec la pince. Les deux surfaces 11, 12 épousent donc un tronçon de câble formé des tronçons 15 en regard de la première partie de la surface 11 et 19 en regard de la surface 12, selon un secteur cylindrique continu compris entre 210 et 240 degrés.In addition, the internal bearing surface 12 of the movable jaw 4 has the shape of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable 5 so that in the tightened state, the entire movable jaw conforms to the section 19 of the cable outline in look and fully cooperate with the cable. This internal bearing surface 12 has the shape of a cylindrical sector between 90 and 180 ° and preferably between 120 and 150 °. Thus, the clamp 1 cooperates in the clamped state with the cable 5 on a cylindrical sector less than 270 ° but greater than 180 °, preferably between 210 and 240 °. In addition, the internal bearing surfaces 11, 12 are advantageously connected in the clamped state opposite the upper part 9 of the cable without leaving a section of this upper part 9 of the cable 5 which does not cooperate with the clamp. The two surfaces 11, 12 therefore conform to a section of cable formed from sections 15 facing the first part of the surface 11 and 19 facing the surface 12, according to a continuous cylindrical sector between 210 and 240 degrees.

On comprend ainsi que la lèvre d'extrémité 6 de la mâchoire fixe 3 écartée du câble 5 ne le bloque pas dans l'espace interne 13, et lorsque la mâchoire mobile 4 est en position desserrée, le câble 5 peut être directement écarté verticalement de l'espace interne 13.It is thus understood that the end lip 6 of the fixed jaw 3 spaced from the cable 5 does not block it in the internal space 13, and when the movable jaw 4 is in the released position, the cable 5 can be directly spaced vertically from internal space 13.

Afin de faciliter la conpréhension de la suite de la description, on définit en référence au câble 5 trois directions de base : la direction horizontale longitudinale, la direction horizontale transversale et la direction verticale. La direction horizontale longitudinale est la direction du câble 5. On remarquera que cette direction n'est pas en pratique toujours horizontale,bien qu'elle soit dénommée horizontale longitudinale par souci de simplicité, car elle peut être plus ou moins fortement inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale du lieu en fonction du parcours donné au câble, parcours qui dépend en particulier des accidents du terrain et/ou de la fonction remplie par l'installation de transport ou de remorquage concernée. La direction horizontale transversale est la direction qui est horizontale dans l'absolu et perpendiculaire à la direction du câble 5. Ces deux directions définissent un plan dit horizontal bien que dans la pratique ce plan ne soit pas forcément toujours véritablement horizontal dans l'absolu, seule la direction horizontale transversale étant horizontale dans l'absolu. La direction verticale est la direction perpendiculaire à ce plan. Par exemple, dans le cas d'une installation à deux câbles porteurs-tracteurs, le plan horizontal est le plan contenant les deux câbles.In order to facilitate understanding of the rest of the description, three basic directions are defined with reference to the cable 5: the longitudinal horizontal direction, the transverse horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The longitudinal horizontal direction is the direction of the cable 5. It will be noted that this direction is not in practice always horizontal, although it is referred to as longitudinal horizontal for the sake of simplicity, because it can be more or less strongly inclined relative to the horizontal of the place according to the route given to the cable, a route which depends in particular on accidents on the ground and / or the function fulfilled by the transport or towing installation concerned. The horizontal transverse direction is the direction which is horizontal in the absolute and perpendicular to the direction of the cable 5. These two directions define a so-called horizontal plane although in practice this plane is not necessarily always truly horizontal in the absolute, only the horizontal transverse direction being horizontal in absolute terms. The vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to this plane. For example, in the case of an installation with two carrier-towing cables, the horizontal plane is the plane containing the two cables.

Ainsi, en pratique, ce plan est soit effectivement horizontal si la direction horizontale longitudinale est effectivement horizonale ou inclinée plus ou moins fortement en fonction des accidents du terrain et de la trajectoire des câbles.Thus, in practice, this plane is either effectively horizontal if the longitudinal horizontal direction is effectively horizontal or inclined more or less sharply depending on the terrain and on the path of the cables.

L'invention concerne également un procédé pour débrayer une pince du câble correspondant, c'est-à-dire un procédé permettant de desserrer une pince parallèlement à l'état serré et solidarisé rigidement au câble, puis de dissocier la pince du câble en supprimant tout contact entre la pince et le câble et enfin de désengager le câble de la pince de façon que la pince et le câble soit totalement indépendants l'un de l'autre et ne puissent plus interférer entre eux. Inversement un procédé pour embrayer une pince à un câble permet d'engager le câble dans l'espace interne de la pince de façon qu'ils puissent interférer entre eux, d'associer le câble à la pince en établissant le contact entre le câble et la pince, puis de serrer la pince autour du câble, à la suite de quoi la pince est solidarisée rigidement au câble.The invention also relates to a method for disengaging a clamp from the corresponding cable, that is to say a method making it possible to loosen a clamp parallel to the clamped state and rigidly secured to the cable, then to dissociate the clamp from the cable by removing any contact between the clamp and the cable and finally to disengage the cable from the clamp so that the clamp and the cable are completely independent of each other and can no longer interfere with each other. Conversely, a method for engaging a clamp to a cable makes it possible to engage the cable in the internal space of the clamp so that they can interfere with each other, to associate the cable with the clamp by establishing contact between the cable and the clamp, then tighten the clamp around the cable, after which the clamp is rigidly secured to the cable.

Un procédé selon l'invention pour débrayer une pince 1 selon l'invention du câble 5 correspondant, comporte de façon connue une phase initiale de desserrage de la pince 1 lors de laquelle les mâchoires 3, 4 sont desserrées à partir de l'état serré où la pince est rigidement solidaire du câble 5, une phase intermédiaire de dissociation de la pince 1 du câble 5 lors de laquelle on supprime tout contact entre le câble5 et la pince 1 pour désolidariser le câble 5 de la pince 1, le câble 5 étant toutefois encore compris dans l'espace interne 13 de la pince à la fin de cette phase de dissociation, mais pouvant défiler à une vitesse différente de la vitesse d'avancement de la pince 1 qui peut éentuellement même être totalement stoppée, une phase finale de désengagement du câble 5 de la pince 1 lors de laquelle on écarte le câble 5 de la pince 1, hors de son espace interne 13 pour qu'il ne puisse plus interférer avec elle. Dans un tel procédé, selon l'invention, lors de la phase intermédiaire de dissociation, on réalise un déplacement relatif du câble 5 par rapport à la pince 1 exclusivement dans la direction verticale. Grâce à la forme précédemment décrite de la pince 1 selon l'invention, il n'est pas nécessaire de réaliser un déplacement relatif dans la direction horizontale transversale du câble 5 par rapport à la pince 1 pour les dissocier. En effet, la machoire fixe 3 de la pince 1 a une surface de portée interne 11 dont la seconde partie 16 et donc la lèvre d'extrémité 6 de cette mâchoire fixe 3 - est écartée du câble.A method according to the invention for disengaging a clamp 1 according to the invention from the corresponding cable 5, comprises in known manner an initial phase of loosening of the clamp 1 during which the jaws 3, 4 are loosened from the clamped state where the clamp is rigidly secured to the cable 5, an intermediate phase of dissociation of the clamp 1 from the cable 5 during which any contact between the cable 5 and the clamp 1 is removed in order to separate the cable 5 from the clamp 1, the cable 5 being however still included in the internal space 13 of the forceps at the end of this dissociation phase, but which may scroll at a speed different from the speed of advance of the clamp 1 which can even even be completely stopped, a final phase of disengagement of the cable 5 from the clamp 1 during which the cable 5 is removed from the clamp 1, out of its internal space 13 so that it can no longer interfere with it. In such a method, according to the invention, during the intermediate dissociation phase, a relative movement of the cable 5 is carried out relative to the clamp 1 exclusively in the vertical direction. Thanks to the previously described shape of the clamp 1 according to the invention, it is not necessary to make a relative movement in the horizontal transverse direction of the cable 5 relative to the clamp 1 to dissociate them. Indeed, the fixed jaw 3 of the clamp 1 has an internal bearing surface 11 whose second part 16 and therefore the end lip 6 of this fixed jaw 3 - is spaced from the cable.

C'est pourquoi l'invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé pour dissocier un câble d'une installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien d'une pince débrayable permettant à l'état embrayé de solidariser un véhicule ou assimilé à ce câble, dans lequel on déplace principalement la pince verticalement et vers le haut et en ce qu'on laisse au câble une trajectoire rectiligne.This is why the invention relates more particularly to a method for dissociating a cable from an overhead cable transport or towing installation with a disengageable clamp allowing the engaged state to secure a vehicle or similar to this cable, in which mainly displaces the clamp vertically and upwards and in that the cable is left with a straight path.

L'invention est particulièrement adaptée à une installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien débrayable comprenant au moins un câble 5 porteur-tracteur tendu supporté et guidé par des galets de support de compression et/ou de guidage 22, entraîné à défilement continu ; au moins un véhicule ou similaire auquel est associé, notamment au moyen d'un chariot 21 et d'une suspente 20, au moins une pince de serrage comprenant un corps de pince 2 et deux machoires l'une fixe 3, l'autre mobile 4, la pince se trouvant normalement à l'état embrayé où elle est solidarisée rigidement au câble 5 par le dessus, les mâchoires 34 affleurant de préférence la base inférieure du câble 5, soit à l'état débrayé lorsqu'elle n'est plus solidarisée ridigement au câble 5 et que les machoires 3, 4 sont en position desserrée ; des stations d'embarquement et/ou débarquement ; chargement/ déchargement où se trouvent combinés en premier lieu au moins une rampe d'embra- yage/débrayage 23 de la pince, en second lieu au moins un rail de roulement 24 du chariot 21, qui peut coopérer avec au moins un galet de roulement 31 porté par la pince ou le chariot 21, définissant une zone de serrage/desserrage 25 de la pince, une zone d'association/dissociation 26 de la pince, une zone d'engagement/désengagement 27, et en troisième lieu des moyens 28 de déviation relative de la trajectoire du câble 5 par rapport à celle du (ou des) rail(s) de roulement 24, placés essentiellement dans la zone d'association/dissociation 25 et dans la zone d'engagement/désengagement 27.The invention is particularly suitable for a transport or towing installation with disengageable overhead cable comprising at least one tensioned carrier-tractor cable 5 supported and guided by compression and / or guide support rollers 22, driven with continuous scrolling; at least one vehicle or the like with which is associated, in particular by means of a carriage 21 and a hanger 20, at least one collet comprising a clamp body 2 and two jaws, one fixed 3, the other movable 4, the clamp normally being in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured to the cable 5 from above, the jaws 34 preferably flush with the lower base of the cable 5, or in the disengaged state when it is no longer rigidly secured to cable 5 and that the jaws 3, 4 are in the released position; boarding and / or landing stations; loading / unloading where there is in the first place at least one clutch / disengagement ramp 23 of the clamp, secondly at least one running rail 24 of the carriage 21, which can cooperate with at least one running roller 31 carried by the clamp or the carriage 21, defining a clamping / loosening area 25 of the clamp, an association / dissociation area 26 of the clamp, an engagement / disengagement area 27, and thirdly means 28 relative deviation of the trajectory of the cable 5 with respect to that of the running rail (s) 24, placed essentially in the association / dissociation zone 25 and in the engagement / disengagement zone 27.

Une installation selon l'invention comporte une pince 1 selon l'invention telle que décrite ci-dessus.An installation according to the invention comprises a clamp 1 according to the invention as described above.

Les différentes zones 25, 26, 27 ont été représentées en figure 3 et 4 où elles sont délimités par des traits pointillés. Cependant, ces zones 25, 26, 27 sont des zones fonctionnelles qui ne sont pas forcément physiquement délimitées de la façon illustrée sur les figures 3, 4. Ces zones ne sont d'ailleurs pas forcément physiquement séparables, et peuvent se chevaucher les unes les autres.The different zones 25, 26, 27 have been shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 where they are delimited by dotted lines. However, these zones 25, 26, 27 are functional zones which are not necessarily physically demarcated in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4. These zones are moreover not necessarily physically separable, and may overlap each other. other.

Dans la zone 25 de serrage/desserrage, la rampe d'embrayage/débrayage 23 coopère avec au moins un galet de commande 29 porté par la pince 1 ou le chariot, et qui commande en association avec un organe élastique tel qu'un ressort 30 la fermeture/ ouverture de la mâchoire mobile 4. Dans cette zone au moins une partie du câble 3 est en contact avec la pince 1.In the tightening / loosening zone 25, the clutch / disengaging ramp 23 cooperates with at least one control roller 29 carried by the clamp 1 or the carriage, and which controls, in association with an elastic member such as a spring 30, the closing / opening of the movable jaw 4. In this zone at least part of the cable 3 is in contact with clamp 1.

En effet, que la pince 1 soit à l'état serré ou desserré, la partie supérieure 9 du câble est en contact avec le câble 5 du fait que la pince 1 n'est pas déviée dans cette zone de serrage/desserrage.In fact, whether the clamp 1 is in the tightened or loosened state, the upper part 9 of the cable is in contact with the cable 5 because the clamp 1 is not deflected in this clamping / loosening zone.

Dans la zone d'association/dissociation 26, les moyens de déviation 28 agissent essentiellement dans la direction verticale. Lors de l'association, ces moyens 28 rapprochent verticalement la pince 1 à l'état desserré et le câble 5 antérieurement placé dans l'espace interne 13 de la pince 1, jusqu'à l'établissement du contact entre la pince 1 et la partie supérieure 9 du câble 5. Inversement, lors de la dissociation, ces moyens 28 écartent verticalement la pince 1 à l'état desserré et le câble 5, supprimant tout contact entre la pince 1 et le câble 5. A la fin de la phase de dissociation telle que nous la comprenons, le câble 5 est situé dans l'espace interne 13 de la pince 1 et donc le véhicule n'est pas encore totalement désaccouplé. Dans la zone d'engagement/désengagement 27, les pinces sont également à l'état desserré, et les moyens de déviation 28 agissent dans la direction horizontale transversale et/ou dans la direction verticale. Lors de l'engagement, le câble 5 est inséré dans l'espace interne 13 de la pince 1. Lors du désengagement, le câble 5 et la pince 1 sont suffisamment éloignés l'un de l'autre pour ne plus interférer entre eux et permettre le désaccouplement total du véhicule.In the association / dissociation zone 26, the deflection means 28 act essentially in the vertical direction. During the association, these means 28 vertically bring the clamp 1 in the loose state and the cable 5 previously placed in the internal space 13 of the clamp 1, until contact is established between the clamp 1 and the upper part 9 of the cable 5. Conversely, during dissociation, these means 28 vertically separate the clamp 1 in the loose state and the cable 5, eliminating any contact between the clamp 1 and the cable 5. At the end of the phase dissociation as we understand it, the cable 5 is located in the internal space 13 of the clamp 1 and therefore the vehicle is not yet completely uncoupled. In the engagement / disengagement zone 27, the clamps are also in the loose state, and the deflection means 28 act in the transverse horizontal direction and / or in the vertical direction. During the engagement, the cable 5 is inserted into the internal space 13 of the clamp 1. During the disengagement, the cable 5 and the clamp 1 are sufficiently distant from each other so as not to interfere with each other and allow total uncoupling of the vehicle.

Dans une installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien selon l'invention, on réalise les moyens de déviation 28 par la forme spécifique des trajectoires du câble 5 et de celle du (ou des) rail(s) de roulement 24.In an overhead cable transport or towing installation according to the invention, the deflection means 28 are produced by the specific shape of the paths of the cable 5 and of that of the running rail (s) 24.

Ainsi, dans la zone d'association/dissociation 26, pour réaliser les moyens de déviation 28, la trajectoire du câble 5 et la trajectoire du (ou des) rail(s) de roulement 24 sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans le plan vertical. Par exemple, dans le cas où le (ou les) rail(s) de roulement 24 est (sont) situé(s) en dessous du câble, sa trajectoire se rapproche de la trajectoire du câble 5 dans la direction verticale de la zone d'association/dissocia- tion 26 à la zone d'engagement/désengagement 27.Thus, in the association / dissociation zone 26, in order to produce the deflection means 28, the trajectory of the cable 5 and the trajectory of the running rail (s) 24 are inclined one relative to the other in the vertical plane. For example, in the case where the running rail (s) 24 is (are) located below the cable, its path approaches the path of the cable 5 in the vertical direction of the area d association / dissociation 26 to the engagement / disengagement zone 27.

De plus, les trajectoires du câble 5 et du (ou des) rails de roulement 24 restent à écartement constant ou sensiblement constant dans la direction horizontale transversale, dans la zone d'association/dissociation 26. Dans la zone d'association/dissociation 26, les galets de support, de compression et/ou de guidage 22 du câble 5 sont à axe horizontal transversal ou à peu près horizontal transversal. Préférentiellement le câble 5 n'est pratiquement pas dévié de sa (leur) trajectoire dans la zone d'association/ dissociationIn addition, the trajectories of the cable 5 and of the running track (s) 24 remain at constant or substantially constant spacing in the horizontal transverse direction, in the association / dissociation zone 26. In the association / dissociation zone 26 , the support, compression and / or guide rollers 22 of the cable 5 are with transverse horizontal axis or roughly horizontal transverse axis. Preferably the cable 5 is practically not deviated from its (their) trajectory in the association / dissociation zone

26, le (ou les) rail(s) de roulement étant quant à eux déviés dans la direction verticale à partir de sa trajectoire initiale horizontale longitudinale. Dans la zone d'association/dissociation 26, le (ou les) rail(s) de roulement a (ont) donc une trajectoire non parallèle à celle du câble 5.26, the (or) track (s) being in turn deflected in the vertical direction from its initial longitudinal horizontal path. In the association / dissociation zone 26, the running rail (s) has (have) therefore a trajectory not parallel to that of the cable 5.

Une installation de transport ou de remorquage comportant de façon connue deux câbles aériens 5a, 5b, porteurs-tracteurs parallèles entre eux et entraînés à même vitesse à défilement continu notamment grâce à des stations d'extrémité, des pylônes, des galets de support ou de compression et/ou de guidage, au moins un véhicule ou assimilé accouplé en ligne par unesuspente 20, sétendant dans le plan vertical de symétrie des câbles et articulée à un chariot 21 portant au moins une paire de pinces débrayables pour solidariser le chariot 21 aux deux câbles en ligne par le dessous et pour désaccoupler le véhicule dans les stations d'extrémité par débrayage des pinces, en vue notamment de permettre l'entreposage de(s) véhicule(s) ou l'embarquement/débarquement respectivement le chargement/déchargement de passagers respectivement de marchandises.A transport or towing installation comprising, in a known manner, two overhead cables 5a, 5b, parallel tractor-carriers and driven at the same speed with continuous travel, in particular thanks to end stations, pylons, rollers support or compression and / or guide, at least one vehicle or the like coupled in line by a suspension 20, extending in the vertical plane of symmetry of the cables and articulated to a carriage 21 carrying at least one pair of disengageable clamps to secure the trolley 21 with two cables in line from below and for uncoupling the vehicle in the end stations by disengaging the clamps, with a view in particular to allowing the storage of vehicle (s) or the loading / unloading respectively on loading / unloading of passengers respectively of goods.

Généralement, les mâchoires fixes 3 sont situées vers l'intérieur du chariot, les mâchoires mobiles étant vers l'extérieur en regard des mâchoires fixes. Ainsi, les mâchoires mobiles 4 enserrent à l'état serré les parties latérales 32 externes des câbles 5a, 5b, c'est-à-dire celles qui sont orientés vers l'extérieur des deux câbles, et les mâchoires fixes 3 enserrant à l'état serré les parties latérales 33 internes des câbles 5a, 5b,orientées vers l'espace séparant les deux câbles. Une telle installation selon l'invention est telle que l'écartement E horizontal transversal au droit des pinces entre les deux câbles inserés dans les pinces à l'état serré et embrayé, est inférieur à l'écartement normal E' horizontal et transversal entre les deux câbles 5a, 5b, imposé par la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, galets de support ou de compression et/ou de guidage, stations d'extrémité). L'écartement E correspond à l'écartement entre les surfaces de portée interne des mâchoires fixes 3 des pinces. Cet écartement n'est pas exactement adapté h celui des câbles et est inférieur, notamment légèrement inférieur à l'écartement des câbles. Ainsi, lorsque l'on ferme la pince en serrant la mâchoire mobile 4, les câbles 5a, 5b sont rapprochés transversalement l'un de l'autre au droit des pinces et subissent une légère déformation élastique.Generally, the fixed jaws 3 are located towards the inside of the carriage, the movable jaws being towards the outside opposite the fixed jaws. Thus, the movable jaws 4 enclose in a tight state the external lateral parts 32 of the cables 5a, 5b, that is to say those which are oriented towards the outside of the two cables, and the fixed jaws 3 enclosing the 'tight state the internal lateral parts 33 of the cables 5a, 5b, oriented towards the space separating the two cables. Such an installation according to the invention is such that the horizontal spacing E transverse to the right of the clamps between the two cables inserted in the clamps in the clamped and engaged state, is less than the normal spacing E 'horizontal and transverse between the two cables 5a, 5b, imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, support or compression and / or guide rollers, end stations). The spacing E corresponds to the spacing between the internal bearing surfaces of the fixed jaws 3 of the clamps. This spacing is not exactly adapted to that of the cables and is less, in particular slightly less than the spacing of the cables. So when the clamp is closed by tightening the movable jaw 4, the cables 5a, 5b are brought together transversely to each other in line with the clamps and undergo a slight elastic deformation.

On comprend alors que les câbles soient dissociés des mâchoires fixes dès que les pinces sont desserrées, car ils reviennent automatiquement à leur état initial, et seul un déplacement vertical des pinces par rapport aux câbles est nécessaire pour les dissocier.It is therefore understood that the cables are dissociated from the fixed jaws as soon as the clamps are loose, because they automatically return to their initial state, and only a vertical displacement of the clamps relative to the cables is necessary to dissociate them.

Une installation à deux câbles selon l'invention comporte également au moins une zone de serrage/ desserrage 25,au moins une zone d'association/disso- ciation 26, au moins une zone d'engagement/désengage- ment 27telles que décrites ci-dessus.A two-cable installation according to the invention also comprises at least one tightening / loosening zone 25, at least one association / dissociation zone 26, at least one engagement / disengagement zone 27 as described above. above.

La structure de l'installation (pylônes, galets de support ou de compression et/ou de guidage, station s d'extrémités) est agencée de manière que dans la zone d'association/dissociation d'une installation à deux câbles selon l'invention, l'écartement horizontal transversal des deux câbles 5a, 5b est constant ou a peu près constant. Cet écartement des deux câbles n'est modifié éventuellement par la structure fixe que dans la zone d'engagement/désengagement. En effet, il n'est pas nécessaire de modifier cet écartement pour dissocier les câbles des pinces puisque les câbles s'écartent d'une part l'un de l'autre, d'autre part des mâchoires fixes automatiquement en revenant à leur écartement initial E' lors de l'ouverture des pinces.The structure of the installation (pylons, support or compression and / or guide rollers, end stations) is arranged so that in the association / dissociation zone of an installation with two cables according to the Invention, the horizontal transverse spacing of the two cables 5a, 5b is constant or roughly constant. This spacing of the two cables is possibly modified by the fixed structure only in the engagement / disengagement zone. Indeed, it is not necessary to modify this spacing to dissociate the cables from the clamps since the cables deviate on the one hand from one another, on the other hand from the fixed jaws automatically returning to their spacing initial E 'when opening the clamps.

Bien entendu, une telle disposition est d'autant plus efficace si les pinces sont des pinces 1 selon l'invention tel.l es que décrites ci-dessus, mais cela n'est pas nécessaire car une telle disposition permet la dissociation des pinces connues sans déviation horizontale des câbles.Of course, such an arrangement is all the more effective if the pliers are pliers 1 according to the invention as described above, but this is not necessary since such an arrangement allows the dissociation of known clamps without horizontal deviation of the cables.

Le ratio écartement transversal E sur écartement transversal E' est avantageusement supérieur à 99 % et au plus égal à 100 %. En effet, l'écartement E ne doit pas être trop faible car les câbles 5a, 5b doivent toujours passer dans les galets support ou de compression et/ou de guidage 22. La différence d'écartement est donc telle qu'elle ne gêne pas le défilement des câbles et le passage des pinces au droit des pylônes. C'est pourquoi cette différence d'écartement est très faible. Par exemple, la distance qui sépare la partie latérale d'un câble en regard de la mâchoire fixe correspondante de la surface de portée interne de la machoire fixe lorsque la pince est à l'état desserré, est avantageusement comprise entre 1 et 5 mm. Auquel cas, la différence entre l'écartement E des câbles à l'état inséré dans les pinces et l'écartement E' des câbles à l'état libre est comprise entre 2 et 10 mm.The ratio of transverse spacing E to transverse spacing E 'is advantageously greater than 99% and at most equal to 100%. In fact, the spacing E must not be too small because the cables 5a, 5b must always pass through the support or compression and / or guide rollers 22. The difference in spacing is therefore such that it does not interfere the running of the cables and the passage of the clamps to the right of the pylons. This is why this difference in spacing is very small. For example, the distance which separates the lateral part of a cable opposite the corresponding fixed jaw from the internal bearing surface of the fixed jaw when the clamp is in the loose state, is advantageously between 1 and 5 mm. In which case, the difference between the spacing E of the cables in the state inserted in the clamps and the spacing E 'of the cables in the free state is between 2 and 10 mm.

Un procédé selon l'invention pour embrayer au moins deux pinces respectivement à chacun des câbles 5a, 5b d'une installation de transport à deux câbles aériens selon l'invention comporte une phase d'engagement lors de laquelle on insère les pinces entre deux câbles 5a, 5b, écartés de façon que le plan, des pinces soit situé au dessus du plan horizontal des câbles, le véhicule ou assimilé supporté par les pinces étant situé au-dessous du plan des câbles, puis on réalise un déplacement relatif des câbles par rapport aux pinces dans la direction horizontale et dans la direction verticale pour insérer les câbles dans l'espace interne 13 des pinces, les parties latérales des câbles n'étant alors pas en contact avec les mâchoires fixes et mobiles ; une phase d'association lors de laquelle on réalise un déplacement relatif des câbles par rapport aux pinces à l'état desserré dans la direction verticale pour associer les pinces aux câbles en établissant le contact entre les pinces et la partie supérieure 9 des câbles 5a, 5b ; une phase de serrage lors de laquelle on serre chacune des pinces autour du câble correspondant en deux temps : un premier temps lors duquel la surface de portée interne 12 de la mâchoire mobile 4 de chacune des pinces vient en contact avec la partie latérale 32 du câble correspondant en regard et un second temps lors duquel la mâchoire mobile 4 plaque ce câble contre la mâchoire fixe 3 en imposant un léger déplacement relatif du câble par rapport à cette mâchoire fixe 3 dans la direction horizontale transversale, et donc un léger rapprochement horizontal transversal des deux câbles 5a, 5b, les pinces étant alors solidarisées rigidement aux câble. Dans le second temps la partie latérale 33 du câble en regard. de la mâchoire fixe vient en contact avec la surface de portée interne 12 de cette mâchoire fixe.A method according to the invention for engaging at least two clamps respectively to each of the cables 5a, 5b of a transport installation with two overhead cables according to the invention comprises an engagement phase during which the clamps are inserted between two cables 5a, 5b, separated so that the plane of the clamps is located above the horizontal plane of the cables, the vehicle or the like supported by the clamps being located below the plane of the cables, then a relative movement of the cables is carried out by relative to the clamps in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction for inserting the cables into the internal space 13 of the clamps, the lateral parts of the cables then not being in contact with the fixed and movable jaws; an association phase during which we carry out a relative displacement of the cables relative to the clamps in the loose state in the vertical direction to associate the clamps with the cables by establishing contact between the clamps and the upper part 9 of the cables 5a, 5b; a tightening phase during which each of the clamps is tightened around the corresponding cable in two stages: a first stage during which the internal bearing surface 12 of the movable jaw 4 of each of the clamps comes into contact with the lateral part 32 of the cable corresponding opposite and a second time during which the movable jaw 4 presses this cable against the fixed jaw 3 by imposing a slight relative movement of the cable relative to this fixed jaw 3 in the transverse horizontal direction, and therefore a slight transverse horizontal approximation of the two cables 5a, 5b, the clamps then being rigidly secured to the cable. In the second time the lateral part 33 of the opposite cable. of the fixed jaw comes into contact with the internal bearing surface 12 of this fixed jaw.

La figure 6 illustre les positions respectives d'un câble et d'une pince avant la phase d'engagement.FIG. 6 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp before the engagement phase.

La figure 7 illustre les positions respectives d'un câble et d'une pince après la phase d'engagement et au début de la phase d'association. La figure 8 illustre les positions respectives d'un câble et d'une pince après la phase d'association. La figure 9 illustre les positions respectives d'un câble et d'une pince à la fin du premier temps et au début du second temps de la phase de serrage. La figure 10 illustre les positions respectives d'un câble et d'une pince a la fin du second temps de la phase de serrage.FIG. 7 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp after the engagement phase and at the start of the association phase. FIG. 8 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp after the association phase. FIG. 9 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp at the end of the first stage and at the beginning of the second stage of the tightening phase. FIG. 10 illustrates the respective positions of a cable and a clamp at the end of the second stage of the tightening phase.

Un procédé selon l'invention pour débrayer au moins deux pinces solidarisant rigidement un véhicule respectivement à chacun des câbles d'une installation de transport aérien selon l'invention, les pinces ayant été préalablement embrayées aux câbles par un procédé selon l'invention, comporte une phase de desserrage des pinces à partir de l'état serré où elles sont solidarisées rigidement aux câbles lors de laquelle on écarte la mâchoire mobile 4 de chacune des pinces du câble correspondant, à la suite de quoi les deux câbles reviennent par élasticité à leur écartement E' normal horizontal transversal imposé par la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, stations d'extrémités, galets support ou de compression et/ou de guidage) qui est légèrement supérieur à l'écartement transversal des pinces et donc s'écartent légèrement d'une part l'un de l'autre, d'autre part des mâchoires fixes 3 des pinces. Un tel procédé selon l'invention comporte ultérieurement une phase de dissociation et une phase de dégagement décrites ci-dessus.A method according to the invention for disengaging at least two clamps rigidly securing a vehicle respectively to each of the cables of an air transport installation according to the invention, the clamps having been previously engaged to the cables by a method according to the invention, comprises a phase of loosening the clamps from the tightened state where they are rigidly secured to the cables during which the movable jaw 4 is separated from each of the clamps of the corresponding cable, as a result of which the two cables return by elasticity to their spacing E 'normal horizontal transverse imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, end stations, support or compression and / or guide rollers) which is slightly greater than the transverse spacing of the clamps and therefore deviate slightly on the one hand on the other, on the other hand fixed jaws 3 of the clamps. Such a method according to the invention subsequently comprises a dissociation phase and a release phase described above.

Un tel procédé selon l'invention peut être illustré par les figures 10, 9, 8, 7 et 6.Such a method according to the invention can be illustrated by FIGS. 10, 9, 8, 7 and 6.

L'invention peut faire l'objet de nombreuses variantes, et en particulier dans le cas inverse où les mâchoires fixes 3 sont situées à l'extérieur des mâchoires mobiles 4, c'est au contraire l'écartement E' des câbles à l'état libre qui est inférieur à l'écartement E des câbles à l'état inséré dans les pinces, et lors du serrage des pinces, les deux câbles sont éloignés l'un de l'autre. On transposera la description ci-dessus de manière évidente à cette variante.The invention can be the subject of numerous variants, and in particular in the opposite case where the fixed jaws 3 are located outside the movable jaws 4, it is on the contrary the spacing E 'of the cables to the free state which is less than the spacing E of the cables in the state inserted in the clamps, and when tightening the clamps, the two cables are spaced from one another. The above description will obviously be transposed to this variant.

Claims (15)

1/ Pince de serrage d'un câble porteur-tracteur pour installation de transport comportant au moins un câble porteur-tracteur aérien, permettant de solidariser rigidement un véhicule à ce câble par le dessus, du type débrayable et comprenant un corps de pince (2) et deux mâchoires l'une fixe (3), l'autre mobile (4), la pince se trouvant soit normalement à l'état embrayé où elle est solidarisée rigidement au câble par le dessus, les mâchoires (3, 4) affleurant la base inférieure du câble (5) en position serrée et présentant une faible saillie par rapport à la partie supérieure du câble (5), soit à l'état débrayé lorsqu'elle n'est plus solidarisée rigidement au câble, les mâchoires étant alors en position desserée, caractérisée en ce que la surface de portée interne (11) de la mâchoire fixe (3) comporte d'une part une première partie d'appui (14) sur le câble en forme de secteur cylindrique appropriée à la section du câble de manière qu'à l'état serré, la première partie (14) épouse un premier tronçon (15) de contour de câble en regard et, du côté de sa lèvre d'extrémité (6) une seconde partie (16) prolongeant la première partie (14) et qui à l'état serré reste écartée du second tronçon (17) de contour de câble en regard.1 / Clamp for clamping a carrier-tractor cable for a transport installation comprising at least one aerial carrier-tractor cable, making it possible to rigidly secure a vehicle to this cable from above, of the disengageable type and comprising a clamp body (2 ) and two jaws, one fixed (3), the other movable (4), the clamp being normally in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured to the cable from above, the jaws (3, 4) flush the lower base of the cable (5) in the clamped position and having a small projection relative to the upper part of the cable (5), ie in the disengaged state when it is no longer rigidly fixed to the cable, the jaws then being in the released position, characterized in that the internal bearing surface (11) of the fixed jaw (3) comprises on the one hand a first bearing part (14) on the cable in the form of a cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable so that in the clamped state, the first part (14) marries a pr first section (15) of contiguous cable outline and, on the side of its end lip (6) a second part (16) extending the first part (14) and which in the tightened state remains separated from the second section ( 17) opposite cable contour. 2/ Pince selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la deuxième partie (17) est, au moins partiellement, à peu près plane et au moins autant écartée du second tronçon (17) que ne l'est le plan P prolongeant la première partie (14) tangentiellement à son raccordement avec la deuxième partie (17) et, en particulier est située à peu près dans le plan P.2 / Pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the second part (17) is, at least partially, approximately flat and at least as far apart from the second section (17) as is the plane P extending the first part (14) tangentially to its connection with the second part (17) and, in particular is located approximately in the plane P. 3/ Pince selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée par le fait que la première partie (14) a la forme d'un secteur cylindrique de 90° environ.3 / Pliers according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the first part (14) has the shape of a cylindrical sector of approximately 90 °. 4/ Pince selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que la surface de la portée interne (12) de la mâchoire mobile (4) a une forme de secteur cylindrique appropriée à la section du câble (5) notamment compris entre 90° et 180°, préférentiellement entre 120° et 150° de manière qu'à l'état serré, la mâchoire mobile (4) épouse le tronçon de contour de câble en regard, l'écartement entre la lèvre d'extrémité (7) de la mâchoire mobile (4) et la lèvre d'extrémité (6) de la mâchoire fixe (3) étant à l'état serré inférieur au diamètre du câble (5).4 / clamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface of the internal surface (12) of the movable jaw (4) has a shape of cylindrical sector suitable for the section of the cable (5) in particular between 90 ° and 180 °, preferably between 120 ° and 150 ° so that in the clamped state, the movable jaw (4) follows the opposite section of cable outline, the spacing between the lip of end (7) of the movable jaw (4) and the end lip (6) of the fixed jaw (3) being in the clamped state less than the diameter of the cable (5). 5/ Procédé pour débrayer une pince selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 du câble correspondant, comportant une phase initiale de desserrage de la pince, une phase intermédiaire de dissociation de la pince du câble lors de laquelle on supprime tout contact entre le câble et la pince pour désolidariser Je câble de la pince, une phase finale de désengagement du câble de la pince lors de laquelle on écarte le câble de la pince hors de son espace interne pour ne plus interférer avec elle, caractérisé par le fait que lors de la phase intermédiaire de dissociation, on réalise un déplacement relatif du câble par rapport à la pince exclusivement dans la direction verticale, notamment on déplace principalement la pince verticalement et vers le haut et on laisse au câble une trajectoire rectiligne.5 / A method for disengaging a clamp according to any one of claims 1 to 4 of the corresponding cable, comprising an initial phase of loosening of the clamp, an intermediate phase of dissociation of the clamp from the cable during which all contact between the cable and the clamp to separate the cable from the clamp, a final phase of disengagement of the cable from the clamp during which the cable of the clamp is moved out of its internal space so as no longer to interfere with it, characterized in that during of the intermediate dissociation phase, a relative displacement of the cable is carried out relative to the clamp exclusively in the vertical direction, in particular the clamp is mainly displaced vertically and upward and the cable is left with a straight path. 6/ Installation de transport ou de remorquage à câble aérien débrayable du type comprenant : . au moins un câble (5) porteur-tracteur entraîné à défilement continu, . au moins un véhicule ou similaire associé au câble (5) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une pince de serrage comprenant un corps de pince et au moins deux mâchoires, l'une fixe, l'autre mobile, la pince se trouvant soit normalement à l'état embrayé où elle est solidarisée rigidement au câble (5), soit à l'état débrayé lorsqu'elle n'est plus solidarisée rigidement au câble (5) et que le câble (5) et la pince ne peuvent plus interférer entre eux et des moyens de déviation (28) placés dans la zone d'association/dissociation (26), caractérisée par le fait que la pince est une pince (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, les moyens de déviation (28) agissant exclusivement dans la direction verticale. 6 / Installation of transport or towing with detachable overhead cable of the type comprising: . at least one cable (5) tractor-carrier driven continuously scrolling, . at least one vehicle or the like associated with the cable (5) by means of at least one clamp comprising a clamp body and at least two jaws, one fixed, the other mobile, the clamp being either normally in the engaged state where it is rigidly secured to the cable (5), or in the disengaged state when it is no longer rigidly secured to the cable ( 5) and that the cable (5) and the clamp can no longer interfere with each other and deflection means (28) placed in the association / dissociation zone (26), characterized in that the clamp is a clamp ( 1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the deflection means (28) acting exclusively in the vertical direction. 7/ Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que pour réaliser les moyens de déviation (28) placés dans la zone d'association/dissociation (26), la trajectoire du câble (5) et la trajectoire du ou des rails de roulement (24) sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans la direction verticale tout en restant à écartement constant ou sensiblement constant dans la direction horizontale transversale.7 / Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that to achieve the deflection means (28) placed in the association / dissociation zone (26), the path of the cable (5) and the path of the rail or rails bearing (24) are inclined relative to each other in the vertical direction while remaining at constant or substantially constant spacing in the horizontal transverse direction. 8/ Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 et 7 caractérisée par le fait que les galets (22) de support, de compression et/ou de guidage du câble sont à axe horizontal transversal ou à peu près horizontal transversal dans la zone d'association/disso- ciation (26).8 / Installation according to any one of claims 6 and 7 characterized in that the rollers (22) for supporting, compressing and / or guiding the cable are with transverse horizontal axis or roughly horizontal transverse in the area d association / dissociation (26). 9/ Installation de transport ou de remorquage à deux câbles aériens (5a, 5b) porteurs-tracteurs parallèles entre eux et entraînés à même vitesse à défilement continu, notamment grâce à des stations d'extrémité, des pylônes, des galets (22) support, de compression et/ou de guidage ayant au moins un véhicule ou assimilé accouplé en ligne par une suspente (20) s'étendant dans le plan vertical de symétrie des câbles et articulée à un chariot (21) portant au moins une paire de pinces débrayables pour solidariser le chariot (21) aux deux câbles en ligne par le dessus et pour désaccoupler le véhicule dans les stations d'extrémité par débrayage des pinces, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement E horizontal transversal au droit des pinces entre les deux câbles insérés dans les pinces à l'état serré et embrayé est inférieur à l'écartement normal E' horizontal transversal des câbles imposé par la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, galets (22) support ou de compression et/ou de guidage, stations d'extrémités).9 / Transport or towing installation with two overhead cables (5a, 5b) carrying tractors parallel to each other and driven at the same speed with continuous movement, in particular thanks to end stations, pylons, rollers (22) support , compression and / or guidance device having at least one vehicle or the like coupled in line by a hanger (20) extending in the vertical plane of symmetry of the cables and articulated to a carriage (21) carrying at least one pair of clamps disengageable for securing the carriage (21) to the two cables in line from above and for uncoupling bend the vehicle in the end stations by disengaging the clamps, characterized in that the horizontal spacing E transverse to the right of the clamps between the two cables inserted in the clamps in the clamped and engaged state is less than the normal spacing E 'horizontal transverse cables imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, rollers (22) support or compression and / or guide, end stations). 10/ Installation selon la revendication 9 comportant au moins une zone de serrage/desserrage, au moins une zone d'association/dissociation, au moins une zone d'engagement/dégagement caractérisée en ce que la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, galets (22) support ou de compression et/ou de guidage, stations d'extrémités) est agencée de manière que dans la zone d'association/dissociation, l'écartement horizontal transversal des deux câbles est constant ou à peu près constant.10 / Installation according to claim 9 comprising at least one tightening / loosening zone, at least one association / dissociation zone, at least one engagement / disengagement zone characterized in that the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, rollers (22) support or compression and / or guide, end stations) is arranged so that in the association / dissociation area, the horizontal transverse spacing of the two cables is constant or about constant. 11/ Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10 caractérisée en ce que les pinces sont des pinces (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.11 / Installation according to any one of claims 9 and 10 characterized in that the clamps are clamps (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 12/ Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisée en ce que le ratio écartement transversal E sur écartement transversal E' est supérieur à 99 % et au plus égal à 100 %.12 / Installation according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the ratio of transverse spacing E to transverse spacing E 'is greater than 99% and at most equal to 100%. 13/ Procédé pour embrayer au moins deux pinces respectivement à chacun des câbles d'une installation de transport à deux câbles aériens selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que dans une phase d'association on réalise un déplacement relatif des câbles par rapport aux pinces à l'état desserré dans la direction verticale pour associer les pinces aux câbles en établissant le contact entre les pinces et la partie supérieure (9) des câbles (5a, 5b).13 / Method for engaging at least two clamps respectively to each of the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that in a phase of association a movement is carried out relative of the cables with respect to the clamps in the loose state in the vertical direction to associate the cable clamps by establishing contact between the clamps and the upper part (9) of the cables (5a, 5b). 14/ Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que dans une phase ultérieure de serrage, on serre chacune des pinces autour du câble correspondant en deux temps : un premier temps lors duquel la surface de portée interne (12) de la mâchoire mobile (4) de chacune des pinces vient en contact avec la partie latérale (32) du câble correspondant en regard et un second temps lors duquel la mâchoire mobiJ, (4) plaque ce câble contre la mâchoire fixe (3) en imposant un léger déplacement relatif du câble par rapport à cette mâchoire fixe (3) dans la direction horizontale transversale, et donc un léger rapprochement horizontal transversal des deux câbles (5a, 5b), les pinces étant alors solidarisées rigidement aux câbles.14 / A method according to claim 13, characterized in that in a subsequent tightening phase, each of the clamps is tightened around the corresponding cable in two stages: a first stage during which the internal bearing surface (12) of the movable jaw (4) of each of the clamps comes into contact with the lateral part (32) of the corresponding cable opposite and a second time during which the mobiJ jaw, (4) presses this cable against the fixed jaw (3) by imposing a slight displacement relative of the cable with respect to this fixed jaw (3) in the transverse horizontal direction, and therefore a slight transverse horizontal approximation of the two cables (5a, 5b), the clamps then being rigidly secured to the cables. 15/ Procédé pour débrayer au moins deux pinces solidarisant rigidement un véhicule, respectivement à chacun des câbles d'une installation de transport à deux câbles aériens, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, les pinces ayant préalablement été embrayées aux câbles par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 et 14, caractérisé par le fait que lors de la phase de desserrage des pinces à partir de l'état serré où elles sont solidarisées rigidement aux câbles, on écarte la mâchoire mobile (4) de chacune des pinces du câble correspondant, à la suite de quoi les deux câbles reviennent par élasticité à leur écarte- mont normal imposé par la structure fixe de l'installation (pylônes, stations d'extrémités, galets support ou de compression et/ou de guidage) qui est légèrement supérieur à l'écartement transversal des pinces, et donc s'écartent légèrement d'une part l'un de l'autre, d'autre part des mâchoires fixes (3) des pinces.15 / Method for disengaging at least two clamps rigidly securing a vehicle, respectively to each of the cables of a transport installation with two overhead cables, according to any one of claims 9 to 12, the clamps having previously been engaged to the cables by a method according to any one of claims 13 and 14, characterized in that during the phase of loosening the clamps from the clamped state where they are rigidly secured to the cables, the movable jaw (4) is moved away from each of the clamps of the corresponding cable, as a result of which the two cables return by elasticity to their normal spreader imposed by the fixed structure of the installation (pylons, end stations, support or compression rollers and / or guide) which is slightly greater than the transverse spacing of the clamps, and therefore deviate slightly on the one hand from one another, on the other hand from the fixed jaws (3) of the clamps.
EP86400875A 1985-04-25 1986-04-22 Two cables aerial ropeway with releasable cable grippers, andmethod for clamping onto and releasing such grippers from the corresponding cable Expired - Lifetime EP0200640B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400875T ATE58097T1 (en) 1985-04-25 1986-04-22 AERIAL RAILWAY SYSTEM WITH TWO CABLES AND AUTOMATIC CLAMPING DEVICES, AND METHOD OF COUPLING AND DISCOUPLING THE CABLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506323A FR2581015B1 (en) 1985-04-25 1985-04-25 CABLE TIGHTENING PLIERS FOR AERIAL CABLE TRANSPORTATION OR TOWING INSTALLATION; METHODS FOR ASSOCIATING, DISSOCIATING SUCH A CLAMP WITH CORRESPONDING CABLE AND AIR CABLE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A CLAMP
FR8506323 1985-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200640A1 true EP0200640A1 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0200640B1 EP0200640B1 (en) 1990-11-07

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EP86400875A Expired - Lifetime EP0200640B1 (en) 1985-04-25 1986-04-22 Two cables aerial ropeway with releasable cable grippers, andmethod for clamping onto and releasing such grippers from the corresponding cable

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Country Link
US (1) US4741272A (en)
EP (1) EP0200640B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61295168A (en)
AT (1) ATE58097T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1267004A (en)
DE (1) DE3675427D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2581015B1 (en)

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GB2292720A (en) * 1994-08-31 1996-03-06 Sachtler Kommunikationstech Film spotlight mounting slideable on guide rod - adjustable for different rod diameters

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JPH01136864A (en) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-30 Nippon Cable Kk Structure for suspending passenger vehicle and gripping device for cable of double track automatic circulating cableway
JPH0640049Y2 (en) * 1989-06-15 1994-10-19 日本ケーブル株式会社 Sliding structure of double type single line automatic circulation type gripping device
AT501022A3 (en) * 2004-11-04 2009-01-15 Innova Patent Gmbh CLAMPING DEVICE FOR MOUNTING A CABIN OR ARMCHAIR TO THE CONVEYOR; ROPE OF A CABLE CAR

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GB2292720B (en) * 1994-08-31 1998-09-16 Sachtler Kommunikationstech Traveling carriage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3675427D1 (en) 1990-12-13
FR2581015A1 (en) 1986-10-31
EP0200640B1 (en) 1990-11-07
ATE58097T1 (en) 1990-11-15
FR2581015B1 (en) 1988-08-26
US4741272A (en) 1988-05-03
JPS61295168A (en) 1986-12-25
CA1267004A (en) 1990-03-27

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