EP0200637B1 - Apparat zur Erzeugung eines Hochtemperaturgasstrahls - Google Patents

Apparat zur Erzeugung eines Hochtemperaturgasstrahls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200637B1
EP0200637B1 EP86400868A EP86400868A EP0200637B1 EP 0200637 B1 EP0200637 B1 EP 0200637B1 EP 86400868 A EP86400868 A EP 86400868A EP 86400868 A EP86400868 A EP 86400868A EP 0200637 B1 EP0200637 B1 EP 0200637B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
gas
heating tube
enclosure
closure plate
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Expired
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EP86400868A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0200637A1 (de
Inventor
Guy Salinier
Philippe Renault
Pierre Lelong
Christophe Dembinski
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT86400868T priority Critical patent/ATE40741T1/de
Publication of EP0200637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200637A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200637B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200637B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
    • F23D14/42—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating for cutting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a jet of gas at high temperature, comprising an enclosure, means for introducing a gas into this enclosure, means for heating the gas in the enclosure and means for evacuation of hot gas from the enclosure.
  • jets of hot oxidizing gas in particular oxygen
  • the flame-cutting technique uses a torch from which a high-speed oxygen jet comes out surrounded by a heating flame.
  • peripheral heating flame is essential for initiating the reaction. After priming, the essential role of this heating flame is to maintain the upper edge of the bleeding front at a temperature sufficient for the sheath of liquid slag to be renewed.
  • the necessary calories being provided by the iron oxidation reaction the heating in fact occurs only to avoid risk of defusing.
  • thermoelectric generator this gas being able to be an oxidizing gas by applications such as metallurgy, oxy-fuel burners, etc ... or a non-oxidizing or inert gas, such as nitrogen, etc. in applications, for example, of the heat treatment type.
  • German patent 726 668 It is known from German patent 726 668 to cool the mixing nozzle of a torch using cutting oxygen, brought around the latter in a coil surrounding the nozzle, the oxygen being thus preheated by recovery part of the heat given off by the oxy-cutting reaction.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of particularly simple design, having good thermal efficiency and making it possible to produce at its outlet a jet of gas at a very high temperature, which can reach 1600 ° C. at most.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the gas heating means consist, on the one hand, of a heating tube extending longitudinally in the enclosure and constituting a heating resistor, this tube comprising electrical connection means for the connection of this resistor to electrical supply means, and on the other hand, heat exchanger means arranged around the heating tube and in thermal contact therewith, said means forming at least one pipe gas pipe extending from the introduction means and opening into the interior of the tube through an opening located near one end of the heating tube, a second end communicates with the means for discharging the hot gas from the enclosure, the gas thus being heated in the heat exchanger means before passing inside the heating tube to finally flow through the means for removing the hot gas from the enclosure.
  • the gas heating means consist, on the one hand, of a heating tube extending longitudinally in the enclosure and constituting a heating resistor, this tube comprising electrical connection means for the connection of this resistor to electrical supply means, and on the other hand, heat exchanger means arranged around the heating tube and in thermal contact therewith, said means forming
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 comprises a tubular enclosure 1, for example made of stainless steel or of refractory material, the two opposite ends of which are closed by transverse flanges 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the straight closing flange 3 is welded to the right end of the tubular enclosure 1 while the left flange 2 is removably mounted on a flange 4 welded to the left end of the enclosure 1 and it is fixed to this flange 4 by means of bolts 5.
  • This closing flange 2 constitutes a support for two electrical supply terminals, one of which forms part of an electrical contact 6 engaged inside the enclosure 1, mounted to slide axially in the flange 2 and which is biased towards inside the enclosure by a spring 7 compressed between two washers 8 and 9, for example made of alumina.
  • the washer 8 is held in abutment against a collar 6a of the contact 6 while the insulating sleeve 9 is engaged through the central part of the closing flange 2.
  • the contact 6 projects axially outside the closing flange 2 and its outer end constitutes a terminal which can be connected to the positive pole of a DC power source, the negative pole of which is connected to the closing flange 2, for example by means of a terminal immobilized by one of the bolts 5 forming a negative terminal.
  • the device can also operate with an alternative power source.
  • a heating element 11 constituted by a tube made of a ceramic material such as zirconia or lanthanum chromite or the two associated for example.
  • a ceramic material such as zirconia or lanthanum chromite or the two associated for example.
  • a ceramic compound has the particularity of being both refractory (melting around 2,500 ° C.) and electrical conductor from room temperature.
  • This ceramic tube preferably consists of a part resistant central and end conductive parts having a resistivity about ten times lower than that of the central part.
  • the extreme parts with low resistivity may comprise, on the ceramic tube with constant resistivity, platinum-plated external zones.
  • the tube 11 could be entirely electrically resistant.
  • the ceramic heating tube 11 is fitted, at its right end, into a housing 3a of the same diameter provided in the internal front face of the right closing flange 3 and it is applied against the bottom of this housing 3a under the effect of the pressure exerted by the contact 6 on its opposite end, under the action of the spring 7.
  • this contact 6 is applied against the front face of a conductive end piece 12 itself pressing against the left end of the heating tube in ceramic 11.
  • the extreme left part of the heating tube 11 and the conductive washer 12 are housed in the internal recess of an alumina ring 13 engaged in the enclosure 1 and whose external diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of this enclosure.
  • the ceramic heating tube 11 may or may not have a machined outer surface. This surface may, for example, have a thread or even longitudinal grooves.
  • the ceramic heating tube 11 is surrounded, over most of its length, by a heat exchanger made of thermally conductive material.
  • This heat exchanger can be constituted by at least one internal tube 14 made of dense thermally conductive material, (for example made of alumina or lanthanum chromite) which is itself surrounded by an external tube 15 made of porous thermally conductive material, (for example made of alumina porous).
  • an external tube 15 made of porous thermally conductive material for example made of alumina porous.
  • a winding of zirconia felt 16 can optionally be provided between the external tube 15 made of porous alumina and the tubular enclosure 1.
  • the gas which must be heated flows through an external coil 17 which is wound around the tubular enclosure 1 and in thermal contact with it.
  • the gas is introduced into the coil 17 at its left end, that is to say the one where the contact 6 is located, and it penetrates inside the enclosure 1, at the right end of the coil which communicates with the interior of the enclosure 1, by means of a hole 18 drilled at this location in the wall of this enclosure.
  • the gas which enters the enclosure 1 at its right end then flows, in the pipes 117, 118 as indicated by the arrows, longitudinally from right to left, through the external porous alumina tube 15 which may optionally have longitudinal grooves to facilitate this flow, and possibly through the zirconia felt winding 16 if the latter is present.
  • the gas leaves in a space delimited between this left end and the alumina ring 13, then it reverses its direction of flow by passing, from left to right, between the tube dense alumina 14 and the ceramic heating tube 11.
  • This flow can be facilitated by the presence of longitudinal grooves or of a thread, on the external surface of the heating tube 11 or on the internal surface of the dense alumina tube 14.
  • the heating tube 11 has, in its wall, at least one opening 19 which allows the gas to pass inside the tube 11.
  • the hot gas can then leave the device, flowing, in the form an axial jet, through an outlet nozzle 21 fixed removably, by means of screws 22, on the right closing flange 3.
  • This nozzle 21 can be a well-known flame-cutting nozzle, cooled or not.
  • this nozzle 1 is cooled by water supplied by a pipe 23. It also has an inlet port 24 for connection to a source of heating gas.
  • the ceramic tube 11 When the appliance is in operation, the ceramic tube 11 is heated by the electric current passing from the contact 6, through the conductive washer 12, then over the entire length of the heating tube 11 to the left closing flange 2 which is connected to the negative pole of the electrical power source, i.e. to ground. Due to the passage of this electric current, the ceramic tube 11 heats up in its central part with high resistivity, so that the temperature of this central part can wait for approximately 1,800 ° C. in normal operation. The end parts of the heating tube 11 reach a temperature below 400 ° C, due to their much lower resistivity, which allows good electrical contact to be maintained.
  • the heating tube 11 can be supplied with alternating or direct current, this heating tube behaving like a pure resistance.
  • the tubes 14 of dense alumina and 15 of porous alumina heat up together with the internal heating tube 11 and in turn heat the enclosure 1 and the coil 17.
  • the gas flowing in the coil 17 is gradually preheated therein. ci, it enters the enclosure 1, at the outlet of the coil 17, then continues to heat up when it flows first from the right to the left through the external porous alumina tube 15 and possibly the winding of zirconia felt 16, then from left to right between the dense alumina tube 14 and the heating tube 11.
  • the gas jet leaving the nozzle 21 can reach a temperature in the region of 1600 ° C. .
  • coaxial alumina tubes 14 and 15 are preferably used between the central heating tube and the external enclosure 1, it is also possible to use tubes of another material, for example lanthanum chromite .
  • the dense alumina tube 14 is advantageously used because it has good thermal characteristics, an expansion coefficient close to that of the lanthanum chromite constituting the heating tube 11 and it also withstands very high temperatures.
  • the porous alumina tube 15 which is preferably used around the dense alumina tube 14, offers the advantage of being a better thermal insulator than the dense alumina.
  • the winding of zirconia felt 16 which is optionally provided between the porous alumina tube 15 and the enclosure 1, makes it possible to reinforce the insulation and also to provide a significant exchange surface for the gas which also preheats on passing through it.
  • the electrical contact 6 is resiliently biased by the spring 7 against the heating tube 11, by means of the conductive washer 12. This allows the axial expansion and contraction of the heating tube 11 while retaining good electrical contact. This expansion or contraction which is transmitted to the external part of the contact 6, can optionally be used for regulating the temperature of the heating tube 11.
  • the extreme left part of the enclosure 1 where the electrical contact 6 is located is advantageously cooled by a circulation of water in an internal tube 25 fixed, for example, to the internal face of the flange 4.
  • the coil 17 which is traversed by the still relatively cold gas is advantageously covered with a layer 26 of a thermally insulating material, the latter being in turn surrounded by an external cylinder 27.
  • a dense alumina tube 28 is housed coaxially inside the heating tube 11 and this tube 28 is engaged, by its straight end, in a housing for same diameter provided in the internal face of the right closing flange 3.
  • This flange is, in this case, removably mounted on a cylindrical support 29 welded to the right end of the enclosure 1, the fixing of the removable flange 3 on the support 29 being produced by means of screws 31.
  • the housing 3a In the internal face of the removable closing flange 3 are formed, on the one hand, the housing 3a, of relatively large diameter, receiving the right end of the heating tube 11, and on the other share another housing 3b, of smaller diameter than the previous one but deeper, receiving the right end of the inner tube 28 of dense alumina.
  • a platinum cup 32 is interposed between the extreme right part of the heating tube 11 and its housing 3a in the closing flange 3.
  • the internal tube 14 of dense alumina has a length greater than that of the external tube 15 of porous alumina.
  • the tube 15 made of porous alumina extends to the left front face 29a of the support 29 while the tube 14 of dense alumina penetrates inside this support 29 and passes completely through it to come into contact at its straight end with the internal face of the removable closing flange 3.
  • An asbestos washer is interposed between the extreme right part of the dense alumina tube 14 and the cylindrical internal wall of the support 29, this washer being axially tightened by an internal coaxial flange 30 of the right closing flange 3.
  • the inner tube 28 of dense alumina stops, inside the heating tube 11, at a certain distance from the left end of the latter. Furthermore, the electrical contact 6 is supported on a conductive tip 33 containing a platinum cup 34 which covers the left end of the heating tube 11 which is platinized.
  • the conductive end piece 33 is extended to the right by an axial finger 35 extending partly inside the inner tube 28 of dense alumina.
  • the inner tube 28 of dense alumina has at least one longitudinal slot 36 allowing the passage of the gas inside the tube 28.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the apparatus similar to that of FIG. 2 but in which the oxygen cutting nozzle 21 and the electrical contact 10 are not cooled by a circulation of water.
  • the contact 6 extends inside a finned radiator 37 mounted on the left closing flange 2 and which thus ensures the natural cooling of the contact 6.
  • the device does not include more coil which is replaced by a cylindrical chamber 17a surrounding the heat exchanger 14, 15.
  • the heating tube 11 is immobilized, in its extreme right part, that is to say that which is close to the outlet nozzle 21, by means of a clamp 38 in stainless steel with interposition of an asbestos ring 39 between the extreme right part of the heating tube 11 and the right closing flange 3.
  • the gas is introduced into a thread 17b at its end located on the right side, that is to say on the side of the outlet nozzle 21, this thread 17b being machined in the external surface of the tubular enclosure 1.
  • the gas penetrates inside the enclosure 1 by holes 18 located in the left part of the enclosure 1.
  • the gas penetrating inside the enclosure 1 flows from the left to the right through the external porous alumina tube 15 then from the right to left between the inner tube 14 of dense alumina and the heating tube 11, it penetrates inside this heated tube ant by passing through the slots 19 provided in the extreme left part of the heating tube 11 and it flows axially to the right, in the direction of the outlet nozzle 21.
  • On this nozzle is fixed an alumina tube 41, of small length and which extends inside the extreme right part of the heating tube 11.
  • the dense alumina tube 14 is immobilized by a cable gland 42 near the electrical contact 6. Furthermore, the cooling of the left part of the device is obtained by means of 'a circulation of water in an extense cylindrical chamber 25a.
  • the extreme left part of the heating tube 11 is directly connected to an electrical supply terminal 43, carried by the left closing flange 2, by means of a braid 44.
  • a thermocouple 45 used for regulation, can be also inserted axially inside the heating tube 11, through the left closing flange 2. It is also possible to introduce longitudinally, into the heating tube 11, another tube for heating or preheating any fluid, through this tube of refractory material.
  • FIG. 6 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention in which the enclosure (right part of the figure) has a structure similar to that of the preceding figures, the introduction of hot gas being however made by the end opening of the heating tube, while the electrical supply means of the heating tube (left part of the figure), have a structure adapted to the internal expansion movements of the heating tube.
  • the apparatus according to this variant comprises an outer protective casing 101 surrounding the enclosure formed by the tubes 102 and 104 arranged coaxially, for example made of refractory steel, between which a gas circulation space 103 is provided.
  • This space 103 has the shape of a helix, machined in the external surface of 104, the gas being introduced through the orifice 123 at the end (left in the figure) of the enclosure, and leaving through the orifice 120 (right end in the figure) to follow the channel 105 located between the inner wall of the tube 104 and a first alumina tube 106, inert, not heating, the gas thus returning to the level of the left end. It then follows the channel 107 located between the first tube and a second tube 108 of the same kind as 107.
  • the gas thus returns to the level of the right end of the enclosure or a passage 121 is provided for returning the gas in contact with the outer face of the heating tube 111 in the channel 109, located between the last and the second alumina tube 108.
  • the gas then enters the interior of the heating tube 1 1 1 via openings 110 located in the centralizer 124 which also brings the electrical voltage to the heating tube 1 1 by the electrical contact 126.
  • the flow of current takes place at the level of the annular rim 112.
  • the gas passes through the entire heating tube and is evacuated (at the right end of the figure), through the opening 114 placed in the axis of the heating tube 111 , in the flange 115.
  • a nozzle 116 the channel 1 17 is placed in the extension of the channel 114, said nozzle also comprising a fuel supply channel 118.
  • This nozzle makes it possible to use hot gas, for example oxygen in an oxy-fuel torch or an oxy-fuel burner.
  • the flange 115 is electrically connected to the heating tube by a washer 113, for example made of platinum, crimped at the end of the heating tube 111, for example made of lanthanum chromite.
  • the electrical circuit is closed up to the electrical connection 135, by means of the steel tubes 102 and 104, held coaxially by the other flange 127 on which the conductive parts 128 and 136 are fixed, enveloping the electrical connections.
  • the electrical contact 126 the end of which forms a centering device 124 of the heating tube 111 is electrically isolated from the contact envelope part 128 by a sliding part 125, integral with the contact 126, capable of sliding inside the part 128 against which it possibly comes into abutment at 138 under the thrust of the spring 131, thus making it possible to maintain the heating tube 111 in position, an expansion of the latter compressing said spring.
  • the end (left in the figure) of the contact 126 is connected to a flexible wire 130, for example of platinum of sufficient length to absorb the expansions of the device, the other end of which is integral with the contact 133 fixed in the parts insulators 132 and 139 from which opens the second electrical contact 134 for connecting the heating tube to electrical supply means not shown in the figure.
  • the part 132 comprises an annular housing in which the said spring 131 bears.
  • the part 136 which surrounds the insulating parts 125, 132, 139 comprises a space 137 for the circulation of cooling water at the level of the electrical contacts, in order to preserve the characteristics of the spring and the enclosure seals. It should be noted that in operation the spring 131 makes it possible to maintain the electrical contact between the heating tube 111, and the contact 126, both in contraction and in expansion.
  • a heating tube made of lanthanum chromite, zirconia, molybdenum bisilicide or silicon carbon is used.
  • carbon, graphite, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, silicon carbide can also be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (26)

1. Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hochtemperatur-Gasstrahls, bestehend aus einem rohrförmigen Hohlraum, einer Einrichtung zum Einführen eines Gases in diesen Hohlraum, einer Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Gases in dem Hohlraum und einer Einrichtung zum Wegführen des heissen Gases aus dem Hohlraum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Gases gebildet ist aus, einerseits, einem in Längsrichtung durch den Hohlraum (1) verlaufenden und einen Heizwiderstand darstellenden Heizrohr (11), das elektrische Verbindungen zum Anschliessen dieses Widerstands an die Stromversorgung aufweist, und, andererseits, einer das Heizrohr umgebenden und in Wärmekontakt mit diesem stehenden Wärmeaustauschereinrichtung (14, 15, 16, 17), die mindestens eine Gasrohrleitung (117, 118) bildet, die von der Einführeinrichtung (18) ausgeht und in das Innere des Heizrohrs durch eine Öffnung (19; 36) mündet, die sich in der Nähe eines Endes des Heizrohrs (11) befindet, dessen anderes Ende mit der Einrichtung zum Wegführen des heissen Gases aus dem Hohlraum verbunden ist, wodurch das Gas in der Wärmeaustauschereinrichtung erwärmt wird, bevor es in das Innere des Heizrohrs gelangt, um schliesslich durch die Einrichtung zum Wegführen des heissen Gases aus dem Hohlraum auszutreten.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Heizrohrs von einem der Enden des genannten Rohrs gebildet wird.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Heizrohrs in der Seitenfläche des genannten Rohrs liegt.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zum Wegführen des heissen Gases aus dem Hohlraum von einer mit dem Austrittsende verbundenen Düse gebildet ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ausserdem eine den Hohlraum mindestens teilweise umgebende Einrichtung (17, 17a, 17b) zum Gasvorwärmen aufweist, damit das Gas vor dem Eintritt in den Hohlraum vorerwärmt ist.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlraum an seinen beiden Enden durch jeweils einen Querflansch abgeschlossen ist, und zwar einen ersten Flansch, der zwei gegeneinander isolierte Klemmen zum Anschluss an die Stromversorgung trägt, und einen zweiten Flansch, durch den die Einrichtung zum Wegführen des heissen Gases aus dem Hohlraum hindurchläuft.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Heizrohr (11) aus einem Werkstoff besteht, der aus einem oder mehreren der folgenden Werkstoffe gewählt ist: Zirkonoxid, Lanthanchromit (Lanthan-Chromeisenerz), Siliziumcarbid, Molybdändisilicid, Kohlenstoff, Graphit, Molybdän, Wolfram, Tantal.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Heizrohr (11) einen mittleren beständigen Abschnitt aufweist, der durch Joule'sche Wärme erwärmbar ist, und mindestens ein Ende aus einem Werkstoff von niedrigem spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeaustauschereinrichtung aus mindestens einem Innenrohr (14) aus kompaktem wärmeleitenden Werkstoff besteht, das seinerseits umgeben ist von einem Aussenrohr (15) aus wärmeleitendem Werkstoff.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Bewicklung (16) von Zirkonoxidfilz um das Aussenrohr (15) aus poröser Tonerde aufweist.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Gases eine Vorerwärmungseinrichtung (17) aufweist, deren Eintritt in den Hohlraum (1) sich auf der Seite des die elektrischen Anschlüsse tragenden ersten Flanschs (2) befindet, während ihr Austrittsende mit dem Inneren des rohrförmigen Hohlraums (1) über eine Bohrung (18) verbunden ist, die sich auf der Seite des die Austrittsdüse (21) tragenden zweiten Abschlussflanschs (3) befindet, wobei das Heizrohr (11) mindestens eine Bohrung oder einen Schlitz (19) für den Durchtritt des Gases an der Seite des zweiten Abschlussflanschs (3) aufweist.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (19) sich auf der Seite des zweiten Abschlussflanschs (3) befindet.
13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eintritt der Gasvorerwärmungseinrichtung (17) sich auf der Seite des die Austrittsdüse (21) tragenden zweiten Abschlussflanschs (3) befindet, während ihr Austrittsende mit dem Inneren des rohrförmigen Hohlraums (1) über eine Bohrung (18) verbunden ist, die sich auf der Seite des ersten Abschlussflanschs (2) befindet, wobei das Heizrohr (11) mindestens eine Bohrung oder einen Schlitz (19) in seinem dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) zugewandten Endabschnitt aufweist.
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gewinde oder Längsnuten (103) für den Gasdurchlass in der Wärmeaustauschereinrichtung (102, 104, 106, 108) auf der Aussen- und/oder Innenseite mindestens eines der die genannte Wärmeaustauschereinrichtung bildenden Rohre (102, 104, 106, 108) vorgesehen sind.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Heizrohr (11) axial, anstossend an den zweiten Abschlussflansch (3), ein Rohr (28) aus wärmeleitendem Werkstoff angeordnet ist, und dass dieses hitzebeständige Rohr (28) im Abstand von dem dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) zugewandten Ende des Heizrohrs (11) endet.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innere Rohr (28) aus wärmeleitendem Werkstoff über den grössten Teil der Länge des Heizrohrs (11) bis in die Nähe von dessen dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) zugewandten Ende reicht, und dass das Rohr (28) in diesem Endabschnitt mindestens eine Bohrung oder einen Schlitz (36) für den Durchlass des Gases in Richtung auf die Austrittsdüse (21) aufweist.
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abschlussflansch (2) in seinem Mittelteil eine Isolierstoffmuffe (9) aufweist, durch welche ein in das Innere des Hohlraums (1) führender, in dem Flansch (2) axial verschiebbarer, von einer Feder (7) in Richtung auf das Innere des Hohlraums druckbeaufschlagter elektrischer Kontakt (6) geleitet ist, der gegen einen elektrisch leitenden Ansatz (12) gedrückt ist, der seinerseits an dem dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) zugewandten Ende des Heizrohrs (11) anliegt, während das entgegengesetzte Ende des Heizrohrs (11) in eine Aufnahme (3a) eingreift, die in dem die Austrittsdüse (21) tragenden zweiten Abschlussflansch (3) vorgesehen ist.
18. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) zugewandte Ende des Heizrohrs (11) an einen an dem ersten Abschlussflansch (2) angebrachten Anschluss (43) für die Stromversorgung mit Hilfe eines Strombandes (44) angeschlossen ist und ein Thermoelement (45) oder ein anderes Rohr für die Erwärmung eines beliebigen, durch den ersten Abschlussflansch (2) in das Innere des Heizrohrs (11) eingeführten fliessfähigen Mediums.
19. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abschlussflansch (2) in Wärmekontakt mit einer Kammer (25a) oder einem Rohr (25) steht, die von Kühlwasser durchströmt sind.
20. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abschlussflansch (2) zur Herbeiführung einer Luftkühlung in Wärmekontakt mit einem Kühler (37) steht.
21. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasvorwärmeinrichtung von einer den rohrförmigen Hohlraum (1) umgebenden und mit ihm in Wärmekontakt stehenden Rohrschlange (17) gebildet ist.
22. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasvorwärmeinrichtung von einer den Wärmeaustauscher (14, 15) umgebenden zylindrischen Kammer (17a) gebildet ist.
23. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasvorwärmeeinrichtung von einem in die Aussenseite des rohrförmigen Hohlraums (1) geschnittenen Gewinde (17b) gebildet ist.
24. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Heizrohr (111) in seiner Lage durch ein Zentrierstück (124) gehalten ist, das Öffnungen (110) aufweist, durch welche das Gas der Vorwärmeeinrichtung (102, 104, 106, 108) in das Heizrohr (111) von seinem einen Ende einführbar ist.
25. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zentrierstück (124) ausserdem ein längsbewegliches Kontaktstück (126) trägt, um der Wärmeausdehnung des Heizrohrs (111) in Längsrichtung folgen zu können.
26. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bewegliche Kontaktstück (126) durch eine Leitungsschnur (130) an einen feststehenden Kontakt (133) angeschlossen ist, der mit dem Hüllteil (136) starr verbunden, ihm gegenüber aber elektrisch isoliert ist.
EP86400868A 1985-04-25 1986-04-22 Apparat zur Erzeugung eines Hochtemperaturgasstrahls Expired EP0200637B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400868T ATE40741T1 (de) 1985-04-25 1986-04-22 Apparat zur erzeugung eines hochtemperaturgasstrahls.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506306 1985-04-25
FR8506306A FR2581168B1 (fr) 1985-04-25 1985-04-25 Appareil pour la production d'un jet de gaz a haute temperature

Publications (2)

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EP0200637A1 EP0200637A1 (de) 1986-11-05
EP0200637B1 true EP0200637B1 (de) 1989-02-08

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US (1) US4725715A (de)
EP (1) EP0200637B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61276615A (de)
AT (1) ATE40741T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1253851A (de)
DE (1) DE3662074D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2581168B1 (de)

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US6799383B2 (en) * 2001-07-20 2004-10-05 3Sae Technologies, Inc. Multi-step fiber stripping
CN100430664C (zh) * 2003-04-21 2008-11-05 邹美琴 一种流体加热器
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US20160047052A1 (en) * 2014-08-16 2016-02-18 Viacheslav E. Baranovski Gas dynamic cold spray method and apparatus
CN105509916B (zh) * 2015-11-26 2019-02-12 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 大长径比l型双屏蔽式参考气流高温传感器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61276615A (ja) 1986-12-06
US4725715A (en) 1988-02-16
FR2581168B1 (fr) 1987-06-05
FR2581168A1 (fr) 1986-10-31
DE3662074D1 (en) 1989-03-16
CA1253851A (fr) 1989-05-09
EP0200637A1 (de) 1986-11-05
ATE40741T1 (de) 1989-02-15

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