EP0197264B1 - Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer sphärischen Kornform bei Tonern für die Elektrophotographie - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer sphärischen Kornform bei Tonern für die Elektrophotographie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0197264B1
EP0197264B1 EP86101877A EP86101877A EP0197264B1 EP 0197264 B1 EP0197264 B1 EP 0197264B1 EP 86101877 A EP86101877 A EP 86101877A EP 86101877 A EP86101877 A EP 86101877A EP 0197264 B1 EP0197264 B1 EP 0197264B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
toner particles
toner
toners
temperature
spherical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101877A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0197264A1 (de
Inventor
Roland Dr.-Ing. Nied
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Hackl (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hosokawa Alpine AG
Original Assignee
Alpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alpine AG filed Critical Alpine AG
Priority to AT86101877T priority Critical patent/ATE39580T1/de
Publication of EP0197264A1 publication Critical patent/EP0197264A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0197264B1 publication Critical patent/EP0197264B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06—Jet mills
    • B02C19/068—Jet mills of the fluidised-bed type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
    • G03G9/0808—Preparation methods by dry mixing the toner components in solid or softened state

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a spherical grain shape in toners.
  • Toner is a fine-grained, electrically chargeable powder that is used in electrophotography to develop latent charge images. They consist essentially of a mixture of natural and / or synthetic resins with a low melting point and dyes soluble or dispersible in the resins, as well as additives for influencing their physical properties, e.g. B. their sense of charge, their adhesiveness to the recording material, their tendency to agglomerate, etc.
  • the aim is a free-flowing powder that causes little mechanical wear on the electrophotographic recording elements, is resistant to a deterioration of its physical properties and that quickly and completely from the recording material to one Image receiving material can be transmitted. It has been shown that these requirements can best be met if the toners have a spherical grain shape.
  • the cooled and pre-broken mass of toner is mixed in a fine mill, e.g. B. a ball mill, crushed to the desired grain size, and the toner particles are then subjected to a heat treatment, wherein the resin serving as a binder is brought to melt, so that the toner particles can take on a spherical shape due to the surface tension that becomes effective.
  • a fine mill e.g. B. a ball mill
  • the toner particles are then subjected to a heat treatment, wherein the resin serving as a binder is brought to melt, so that the toner particles can take on a spherical shape due to the surface tension that becomes effective.
  • This is done either by forming an aerosol from the toner particles and air, which is passed in a cross-flow or counter-flow through a hot air stream (DE-AS 1937651), or by the toner particles forming a bed of fluidized fluid with hot air (DE-OS 2727070).
  • the hot air used must have a temperature of around 500 ° C, which means that the toner particles easily stick together to form inseparable agglomerates, that melt deposits form on the walls of apparatus and lines and that undesirable chemical transformations occur the toner components occur.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a spherical grain shape in fine-grained toners, in which the toner particles in solid form, i. H. can be treated in a fluidized material bed below their melting temperature or without the use of solvents and with considerably less energy expenditure than the known methods, and which at the same time sharply delimits the grain size band of the toner particles into the finest grain sizes.
  • toner particles permanently deform plastically even at temperatures below the melting temperature of their constituents if they are allowed to collide with a certain kinetic energy. Due to the energy released in the event of a collision, the toner particles are briefly plasticized at their point of impact, causing deformation, but not sticking together, or comminution. To a certain extent, this is a forging process, with one of the two toner particles colliding with each other being viewed as a hammer for the other. Since in a bed fluidized by gas jets directed against each other, this process takes place very frequently on a toner particle and is statistically distributed over its surface, a spherical grain shape is obtained, i.e. H. each toner particle finally has the shape of a polyhedron closely approximating the sphere.
  • the abrasion that may form, as well as the fines below 5 / -lm generated in the previous shredding process, which would adversely affect the flow behavior of the finished toner, are separated from the deformed toner particles by a subsequent centrifugal force screening.
  • the described method can already be carried out at normal room temperature, it can be advantageous if the toner particles are heated to a temperature which is somewhat below the melting temperature of their constituents.
  • a further advantage of the method according to the invention has been found that at the same time as the deformation by the mutual impact and Friction stress can be applied to the toner particles of surface-active substances, which are pressed into the plasticized mass of the toner particles and remain attached to them after their solidification.
  • the surface-active substances are either embedded in the toner mass after thermal melting of the already spherical toner particles, but this is only possible with thermally insensitive substances, or they are brought to the surface of the toner particles in a mixing process and there alone held by adhesive forces so that they can easily be rubbed off again by mechanical effects when the toner is used as intended, and thus deteriorate the toner quality.
  • a fluid bed counter-jet mill known per se is proposed, as has been described, for example, in the journal «Aufaufungs-Technik», 1982, No. 5, pp. 236-242.
  • Such a mill consists essentially of a cylindrical grinding chamber with a vertical axis, in the lower area of which evenly distributed nozzles open for the introduction of the gas jets directed against one another, and in the upper area of a centrifugal classifier in the form of a counter to its centrifugal direction from the air from outside to the outside inside, rotating basket sifter is arranged.
  • the only resource here is the gas introduced through the nozzles, which is used not only to generate the impact and friction stress, but also to transport the material to the classifier and there as classifying air.
  • the number and size of the nozzles, the direction of the nozzle axes and the operating pressure and temperature of the gas supplied to the nozzles allow the intensity of the gas jets directed against one another to be varied easily and within wide limits, so that an optimal adjustment to the product to be treated is easily possible is.
  • the grain size up to which all fine particles are to be separated is determined by the choice of the speed of the basket sifter. It applies that the higher the speed is selected, the smaller the grain size, and vice versa.
  • the process steps of producing the spherical grain shape, applying surface-active substances and separating the very fine fraction can be carried out in one work step with such a fluidized bed counter-jet mill, so that the procedure is very simple.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
EP86101877A 1985-03-23 1986-02-14 Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer sphärischen Kornform bei Tonern für die Elektrophotographie Expired EP0197264B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86101877T ATE39580T1 (de) 1985-03-23 1986-02-14 Verfahren zum erzeugen einer sphaerischen kornform bei tonern fuer die elektrophotographie.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3510610 1985-03-23
DE3510610A DE3510610C2 (de) 1985-03-23 1985-03-23 Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer sphärischen Kornform bei Tonern für die Elektrophotographie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0197264A1 EP0197264A1 (de) 1986-10-15
EP0197264B1 true EP0197264B1 (de) 1988-12-28

Family

ID=6266150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86101877A Expired EP0197264B1 (de) 1985-03-23 1986-02-14 Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer sphärischen Kornform bei Tonern für die Elektrophotographie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4762765A (ja)
EP (1) EP0197264B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0614193B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE39580T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE3510610C2 (ja)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2636234B2 (ja) * 1987-03-31 1997-07-30 東洋インキ製造株式会社 静電荷像現像用粉体トナーおよびその製造方法
JPH02256065A (ja) * 1988-12-19 1990-10-16 Konica Corp 磁性トナー
US5153092A (en) * 1991-01-28 1992-10-06 Xerox Corporation Processes for encapsulated toners
CN113926377B (zh) * 2021-10-19 2024-04-30 天津策浪生物科技有限公司 用于流化床装置的导流筒及流化床装置

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3196032A (en) * 1962-02-20 1965-07-20 Burroughs Corp Process for producing electrostatic ink powder
GB1044392A (en) * 1964-01-10 1966-09-28 Marchon Products Ltd Improvements in fluidised beds
NL159795C (ja) * 1968-07-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg
US3586654A (en) * 1969-04-15 1971-06-22 Nat Distillers Chem Corp Process for the preparation of polymer powders of controlled particle shape,size and size distribution and product
CH611438A5 (ja) * 1976-07-01 1979-05-31 Sublistatic Holding Sa
JPS53124428A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-10-30 Mita Industrial Co Ltd Developing agent for use in electrostatic image
AU532173B2 (en) * 1979-06-13 1983-09-22 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc. Electrophotographic toner
DE3248504A1 (de) * 1982-01-09 1983-07-21 Sandoz-Patent-GmbH, 7850 Lörrach Verfahren zur herstellung nicht staubender granulate und vorrichtung hierfuer
GB2145351A (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-03-27 Howden James & Co Ltd Pulverizer
DE3338138C2 (de) * 1983-10-20 1986-01-16 Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg Fließbett-Gegenstrahlmühle
US4645606A (en) * 1985-04-24 1987-02-24 Ashbrook Clifford L Magnetic molecular agglomerate reducer and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE39580T1 (de) 1989-01-15
DE3510610C2 (de) 1987-02-19
DE3510610A1 (de) 1986-10-02
EP0197264A1 (de) 1986-10-15
JPS61262747A (ja) 1986-11-20
JPH0614193B2 (ja) 1994-02-23
US4762765A (en) 1988-08-09

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