EP0196145A1 - Pièces de construction en alliage d'aluminium pour des moteurs à combustion - Google Patents

Pièces de construction en alliage d'aluminium pour des moteurs à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0196145A1
EP0196145A1 EP86200512A EP86200512A EP0196145A1 EP 0196145 A1 EP0196145 A1 EP 0196145A1 EP 86200512 A EP86200512 A EP 86200512A EP 86200512 A EP86200512 A EP 86200512A EP 0196145 A1 EP0196145 A1 EP 0196145A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
components
whiskers
anodized layer
aluminum alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86200512A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Dr. Mielke
Wilfried Sander
Franz Dr. Weiss
Dieter Dr. Eschenweck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kolbenschmidt AG
Original Assignee
Kolbenschmidt AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kolbenschmidt AG filed Critical Kolbenschmidt AG
Publication of EP0196145A1 publication Critical patent/EP0196145A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/02—Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/16—Fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to components cast from silicon-containing aluminum alloys for internal combustion engines, in particular pistons, the areas of which are subject to thermal, overelastic alternating stresses and are covered with a hard anodized layer of 30 to 120 ⁇ m, preferably 40 to 80 ⁇ m, in thickness.
  • the operational stresses of such components consist of a combination of mechanically and thermally induced stresses.
  • the mechanical stresses are dynamic, they are mainly caused by gas forces.
  • the thermal stresses are only dynamic on the surface; due to the temperature distribution, they are otherwise to be regarded as quasi-static.
  • the increase in performance of internal combustion engines in recent decades has led to an increase in the effective medium pressure.
  • a further increase in reliability and service life is the goal.
  • the high temperature gradients for example in the area of the piston crown, cause large expansions which result in plastic deformations of the surface area, as a result of which part of the high compressive stress is reduced. If the internal combustion engine is switched off, the piston cools down, which creates tensile stresses because the aluminum alloy has yielded plastically during operation under the high compressive stresses. In principle, this process is repeated with every load change from full load, whereby the aluminum alloy becomes tired and the formation of microscopic defects is promoted, from which macro cracks then grow when a permissible tensile stress is exceeded. These cracks can spread further and cause the piston to fail.
  • the reason for this is the difference in the thermal expansion between the ductile aluminum matrix and the brittle heterogeneous phases, such as silicon and intermetallic phases.
  • the microscopic defects enlarge into pores that unite to form macro cracks.
  • the pore formation is associated with an increase in volume and plastic deformation of the thermally stressed areas.
  • the components are coated with a hard anodized layer of 40 to 80 ⁇ m thick.
  • the hard anodized layer has a relatively much lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the aluminum alloy. This results in less thermal expansion on the surface of the hot component under the hard anodized layer, which in turn results in lower stresses in the aluminum alloy. Due to these comparatively lower stresses in the aluminum alloy under the hard anodized layer, the tendency to form macro cracks is reduced so much that the life of the component increases three to four times. Ther's first appearance mix macro cracks, can thus be delayed considerably by the hard anodized layer, but after the formation of macro cracks, these spread at the same speed as if the component did not have a hard anodized layer.
  • the solution to this problem consists in that molded parts formed of fibers and / or whiskers are cast in the thermal, overelastic alternating stresses underlying areas of the component provided with a hard anodized layer.
  • the optimum strength against thermal, over-elastic alternating stress is achieved when the fiber or whisker content is 5 to 30% by volume, preferably 10 to 15% by volume.
  • the moldings consist of A1 2 0 3 fibers, Sio 2 fibers, similar ceramic fibers, of carbon fibers or SiC whiskers individually or as a mixture with one another.
  • the components are cast according to the invention in such a way that the aluminum alloy melt is poured into the mold, in which the shaped bodies consisting of fibers or whiskers are inserted at a predetermined point, and then the melt is pressurized until it solidifies is burdened.
  • the moldings are with the aluminum - alloy melt infiltrated.
  • the aluminum alloy melt filled into the mold after inserting the molded body can be solidified under vacuum.
  • a method for producing fiber-reinforced components in particular pistons and cylinders of internal combustion engines, is known, a fiber-reinforced body being produced by a composite casting process with subsequent solidification of the embedding metal and increased pressure.
  • the molded body produced in a first process step is placed at a predetermined point in a casting mold and in a second process step by means of a low-pressure casting process, a metal melt with a temperature which is above the melting point of the cover layer but below is half the melting point of the core area of the molded body, cast onto it.
  • this document contains no information to additionally coat fiber-reinforced components with a hard anodized layer.
  • test specimens were tested for their resistance to thermal fatigue using conventional thermal shock treatment. Each test specimen was heated with a gas flame to approx. 350 ° C. for 16 s, then with compressed air for 16 s, then with water for 16 s and then air-dried for 16 s. At intervals of 500 such treatment cycles, all test specimens were examined for cracks with the microscope at 40 ⁇ magnification.
  • test specimens produced according to c in which, according to FIG. 3, the structure of the aluminum alloy is greatly loosened under the hard anodized layer still present.
  • the hard anodized layer is completely removed after 6000 temperature changes, but the structure of the aluminum alloy shows, as shown in FIG. 4, no discernible damage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP86200512A 1985-03-29 1986-03-27 Pièces de construction en alliage d'aluminium pour des moteurs à combustion Withdrawn EP0196145A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3511555 1985-03-29
DE19853511555 DE3511555A1 (de) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Bauteile aus aluminium-legierungen fuer brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0196145A1 true EP0196145A1 (fr) 1986-10-01

Family

ID=6266778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86200512A Withdrawn EP0196145A1 (fr) 1985-03-29 1986-03-27 Pièces de construction en alliage d'aluminium pour des moteurs à combustion

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0196145A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3511555A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0356768A2 (fr) * 1988-09-02 1990-03-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Pièces coulées en métaux légers, notamment pièces en moulage sous pression
US6030577A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-02-29 Erbsloh Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing thin pipes
US6136106A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-10-24 Erbsloh Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing thin pipes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2701421A1 (de) * 1976-01-16 1977-07-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd Bauteil mit einem faserverstaerkten abschnitt und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
GB1540175A (en) * 1976-06-11 1979-02-07 Mahle Gmbh Light-metal piston
WO1984002927A1 (fr) * 1983-01-18 1984-08-02 Ae Plc Renforcement d'articles en metal ou alliage metallique coule
EP0129266A1 (fr) * 1983-06-11 1984-12-27 KOLBENSCHMIDT Aktiengesellschaft Piston coulé d'alliage d'aluminium pour un moteur à combustion interne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2701421A1 (de) * 1976-01-16 1977-07-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd Bauteil mit einem faserverstaerkten abschnitt und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
GB1540175A (en) * 1976-06-11 1979-02-07 Mahle Gmbh Light-metal piston
WO1984002927A1 (fr) * 1983-01-18 1984-08-02 Ae Plc Renforcement d'articles en metal ou alliage metallique coule
EP0129266A1 (fr) * 1983-06-11 1984-12-27 KOLBENSCHMIDT Aktiengesellschaft Piston coulé d'alliage d'aluminium pour un moteur à combustion interne

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0356768A2 (fr) * 1988-09-02 1990-03-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Pièces coulées en métaux légers, notamment pièces en moulage sous pression
EP0356768A3 (fr) * 1988-09-02 1991-04-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Pièces coulées en métaux légers, notamment pièces en moulage sous pression
US6030577A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-02-29 Erbsloh Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing thin pipes
US6136106A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-10-24 Erbsloh Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing thin pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3511555A1 (de) 1986-10-09

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Inventor name: MIELKE, SIEGFRIED, DR.

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Inventor name: ESCHENWECK, DIETER, DR.