EP0185179A1 - Starting circuit for low-pressure discharge lamps - Google Patents

Starting circuit for low-pressure discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0185179A1
EP0185179A1 EP19850113901 EP85113901A EP0185179A1 EP 0185179 A1 EP0185179 A1 EP 0185179A1 EP 19850113901 EP19850113901 EP 19850113901 EP 85113901 A EP85113901 A EP 85113901A EP 0185179 A1 EP0185179 A1 EP 0185179A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
capacitor
ignition
low
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP19850113901
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0185179B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Fähnrich
Eugen Dipl.-Ing. Statnic
Ulrich Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Roll
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0185179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0185179A1/en
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Publication of EP0185179B1 publication Critical patent/EP0185179B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies
    • H05B41/20—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch
    • H05B41/23—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode
    • H05B41/231—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode for high-pressure lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp, which has at least one inductance and a capacitor connected in series in the operating circuit and which contains a series connection of a second capacitor and a temperature-dependent resistor in the ignition circuit parallel to the lamp and in series with its heating electrodes.
  • the so-called compact fluorescent lamps the ballast and / or the ignition device is already integrated in the base of the lamp.
  • the lamp is often operated at high frequency.
  • a resonance capacitor is arranged in the ignition circuit ("electronic circuits" by Walter Hirschmann, Berlin / Kunststoff, SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft, 1982, page 148).
  • the height can be selected by a suitable choice of the resonance capacitor the open circuit voltage on the lamp can be set within certain limits.
  • the voltage should be so high after sufficient preheating that lamp ignition is ensured even at lower ambient temperatures.
  • a circuit arrangement is known from US Pat. No. 2,231,999 in which a series connection of a resonance capacitor and a temperature-dependent resistor is arranged in the ignition circuit of the lamp.
  • the resistance of the thermistor used here (NTC resistance) is high at the moment of switching on and decreases according to its characteristics until the lamp is ignited.
  • NTC resistance The resistance of the thermistor used here
  • NTC resistance is high at the moment of switching on and decreases according to its characteristics until the lamp is ignited.
  • NTC resistance resistance of the thermistor used here
  • the object of the invention is to provide a starterless ignition circuit suitable for low and high frequency for a fluorescent lamp, which ensures reliable ignition of the lamp in a large temperature range enables rich and which, with the greatest possible protection of the lamp during each operating state, leads to an extended service life. At the same time, the annoying glow discharge should be suppressed if the lamp ignites quickly and without flickering.
  • the temperature-dependent resistor has a positive temperature coefficient and this is connected in parallel with a third capacitor.
  • the ratio of the capacities of the second capacitor to the third capacitor which are then in series in the ignition circuit of the lamp is, according to the invention, in the range from 1: 1 to 5: 1, and their capacitance ratio is preferably 2: 1.
  • the PTC thermistor bridging the third capacitor has a low initial resistance and causes a high preheating current to flow through the heating electrodes of the lamp from the very first moment and heat it up quickly.
  • the operating frequency for the lamp is in the range between 20 kHz and 500 kHz. This enables the scarf tion components have small geometric dimensions and the entire ballast including the components for the ignition circuit can be integrated into the base of the low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the circuit With the ignition circuit, a very short ignition time of only about 0.5 seconds is achieved. The lamp burns "almost" immediately after switching on. The otherwise annoying switch-on flickering of the fluorescent lamp and the glow discharge that shortens the service life do not occur. At the same time, cold ignition of the lamp is avoided, which protects the lamp and thus increases its service life. Due to the voltage regulation, the circuit is suitable for igniting fluorescent lamps at a wide variety of ambient temperatures.
  • a compact fluorescent lamp 1 with 15 W power consumption is operated at a frequency of approximately 45 kHz.
  • the mains voltage U N present at the connecting terminals 2, 3 is initially via Filter member 4 passed.
  • the filtered AC voltage is then converted into a screened DC voltage by means of a rectifier 5 and a smoothing capacitor 6.
  • This DC voltage is applied to an inverter, which consists of the transistors 7, 8 with the corresponding emitter resistors 9, 10 and the associated control 11.
  • the control voltage is taken from a toroidal transformer 12, the primary winding 13 of which has only a few turns and is located in the operating circuit of the lamp: all of these switching elements are conventional, so that a block diagram has been used to simplify the circuit.
  • the rectangular voltage generated by the inverter is supplied to the lamp 1 in the operating circuit via an inductor 14 and a separating capacitor 15 which blocks the direct current.
  • the inductance 14 is approximately 3 mH and the isolating capacitor 15 has a capacitance of approximately 47 nF.
  • the ignition circuit which is formed from a series connection of two resonance capacitors 18, 19, lies parallel to the lamp 1 and in series with its heating electrodes 16, 17, the resonance capacitor 18 being bridged by a PTC resistor 20.
  • the capacitance of the resonance capacitor 18 is 3.3 nF in the exemplary embodiment and that of the resonance capacitor 19 is 6.8 nF.
  • the series connection of the capacitors 18 and 19 forms the resonant capacitor C R.
  • the PTC thermistor 20 is of the type C 890 (SIEMENS).
  • FIG. 2 to 4 show the course of the heating current I H , the lamp voltage U o or U L and the lamp current I L.
  • the one in the Kapa The smaller capacitor 18, which is decisive for the level of the lamp supply voltage, is bridged by the low-resistance thermistor 20.
  • a high heating current I H flows through the electrodes 16, 17 of the lamp 1 (FIG. 2).
  • a certain open circuit voltage U 0 is established at lamp 1 (FIG. 3), the level of which is insufficient to ignite the lamp due to the bridged capacitor 18 and the lower voltage across capacitor 19.
  • the current I L through the lamp 1 is negligibly small (FIG. 4).
  • the heating current I H decreases slightly. After heating up the PTC thermistor 20, it becomes high-resistance and the series connection of the two capacitors 18, 19 becomes effective. This reduces their overall capacity.
  • the capacitances of the resonance capacitors 18, 19 are determined such that the desired high lamp supply voltage is established and both capacitors 18, 19 are loaded with approximately the same voltage despite their different capacitances. Together with the inductance 14 and the isolating capacitor 15, the necessary resonance voltage 22 is now set. With the increasing resonance voltage 22, the heating current I H rises again to approximately its original value. The current I L through the lamp 1 is not affected by these processes.
  • the resonant open circuit voltage U 0 at the capacitors 18, 19 now increases until the lamp 1 ignites 23.

Abstract

Zur Zündung von Niederdruckentladungslampen, insbesondere von Kompaktleuchtstofflampen, die mit Hochfrequenz betrieben werden, ist im Zündstromkreis eine Reihenschaltung zweier Resonanzkondensatoren (18, 19) angeordnet, von denen einer durch einen Kaltlieter (20) überbrückt ist. Mit den Resonanzkondensatoren (18, 19) stellt sich zuszmmen mit der im Betriebsstromkreis liegenden Induktivität (14) und dem Trennkondensator (15) nach genügender Vorheizung der Lampenelektroden (16, 17) eine Spannungsüberhöhung durch Resonanz ein, die zu einer schonenden Zündung der Lampe (1) führt.In order to ignite low-pressure discharge lamps, in particular compact fluorescent lamps, which are operated at high frequency, a series connection of two resonance capacitors (18, 19) is arranged in the ignition circuit, one of which is bridged by a cold solder (20). With the resonance capacitors (18, 19) together with the inductance (14) in the operating circuit and the isolating capacitor (15) after sufficient preheating of the lamp electrodes (16, 17), a voltage increase due to resonance occurs, which leads to a gentle ignition of the lamp ( 1) leads.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Zündung einer Niederdruckentladungslampe, die im Betriebsstromkreis mindestens eine Induktivität und einen dazu in Reihe geschalteten Kondensator aufweist und die im Zündstromkreis parallel zur Lampe und in Reihe zu deren Heizelektroden eine Reihenschaltung eines zweiten Kondensators und eines temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes enthält.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp, which has at least one inductance and a capacitor connected in series in the operating circuit and which contains a series connection of a second capacitor and a temperature-dependent resistor in the ignition circuit parallel to the lamp and in series with its heating electrodes.

Bekannte Schaltungsanordnungen für Niederdruckentladungslampen weisen zur Vorheizung der Lampenelektroden im Zündstromkreis einen Glimmzünder auf. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß die Lampen normalerweise beim Einschalten erst einmal durchzünden, bis der Glimmzünder schließt und der Vorheizvorgang anfängt. Hierdurch entsteht der Eindruck des Flackerns.Known circuit arrangements for low-pressure discharge lamps have a glow starter for preheating the lamp electrodes in the ignition circuit. The disadvantage here is that the lamps usually ignite when switched on until the glow starter closes and the preheating process begins. This creates the impression of flickering.

Bei den neueren Niederdruckentladungslampen mit kleiner Leistungsaufnahme, den sogenannten Kompaktleuchtstofflampen, ist die Vorschalt- und/oder die Zündvorrichtung bereits in den Sockel der Lampe integriert. Die Lampe wird dabei häufig mit Hochfrequenz betrieben. Um das störende Flackern der Lampe während des Zündvorganges zu vermeiden, ist im Zündstromkreis ein Resonanzkondensator angeordnet ("Elektronikschaltungen" von Walter Hirschmann, Berlin/München, SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft, 1982, Seite 148). Durch geeignete Wahl des Resonanzkondensators kann die Höhe der Leerlaufspannung an der Lampe in bestimmten Grenzen eingestellt werden. Bei Kompaktlampen ist es jedoch erwünscht, die Spannung am Resonanzkondensator und damit an den Lampenelektroden beim Einschalten so niedrig zu halten, daß die sonst auftretende störende Glimmentladung nicht auftritt. Andererseits soll die Spannung nach ausreichender Vorheizung so hoch sein, daß eine Lampenzündung auch bei tieferen Umgebungstemperaturen sichergestellt ist.In the newer low-pressure discharge lamps with low power consumption, the so-called compact fluorescent lamps, the ballast and / or the ignition device is already integrated in the base of the lamp. The lamp is often operated at high frequency. In order to avoid the annoying flickering of the lamp during the ignition process, a resonance capacitor is arranged in the ignition circuit ("electronic circuits" by Walter Hirschmann, Berlin / Munich, SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft, 1982, page 148). The height can be selected by a suitable choice of the resonance capacitor the open circuit voltage on the lamp can be set within certain limits. With compact lamps, however, it is desirable to keep the voltage at the resonance capacitor and thus at the lamp electrodes so low when switched on that the annoying glow discharge which otherwise occurs does not occur. On the other hand, the voltage should be so high after sufficient preheating that lamp ignition is ensured even at lower ambient temperatures.

Aus der US-PS 2 231 999 ist eine Schaltungsanordnung bekannt, bei der im Zündstromkreis der Lampe eine Reihenschaltung eines Resonanzkondensators und eines temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes angeordnet ist. Der Widerstand des hier verwendeten Heißleiters (NTC-Widerstand) ist im Moment des Einschaltens hoch und verringert sich entsprechend seiner Charakteristik bis zur Zündung der Lampe. Hierdurch bedingt fließt anfangs nur ein kleiner Vorheizstrom. Das führt zu langen Vorheizzeiten und damit auch zu langen Zündzeiten für die Lampe. Bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen reicht die dann an der Lampe liegende niedrige Spannung zur Zündung nicht mehr aus. Nach der Lampenzündung fließt ein relativ hoher Strom durch den Zündstromkreis. Das reduziert wiederum die Systemausbeute, da die Dauerheizung der Elektroden eine Verlustleistung bedeutet. Eine Überheizung der Elektroden führt darüber hinaus zu einem erhöhten Emitterverbrauch und damit zu einer reduzierten Lebensdauer der Lampe.A circuit arrangement is known from US Pat. No. 2,231,999 in which a series connection of a resonance capacitor and a temperature-dependent resistor is arranged in the ignition circuit of the lamp. The resistance of the thermistor used here (NTC resistance) is high at the moment of switching on and decreases according to its characteristics until the lamp is ignited. As a result, only a small preheating current flows initially. This leads to long preheating times and thus long ignition times for the lamp. At low ambient temperatures, the low voltage then on the lamp is no longer sufficient for ignition. After lamp ignition, a relatively high current flows through the ignition circuit. This in turn reduces the system yield, since the permanent heating of the electrodes means a power loss. Overheating the electrodes also leads to increased emitter consumption and thus to a reduced lamp life.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, für eine Leuchtstofflampe eine für Nieder- und Hochfrequenz geeignete starterlose Zündschaltung zu schaffen, die eine sichere Zündung der Lampe in einem großen Temperaturbereich ermöglicht und die bei größtmöglicher Schonung der Lampe während jedes Betriebszustandes eine verlängerte Lebensdauer bewirkt. Gleichzeitig soll bei schneller und flackerfreier Zündung der Lampe die störende Glimmentladung unterdrückt werden.The object of the invention is to provide a starterless ignition circuit suitable for low and high frequency for a fluorescent lamp, which ensures reliable ignition of the lamp in a large temperature range enables rich and which, with the greatest possible protection of the lamp during each operating state, leads to an extended service life. At the same time, the annoying glow discharge should be suppressed if the lamp ignites quickly and without flickering.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Schaltungsanordnung zur Zündung einer Niederdruckentladungslampe mit den im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs genannten Merkmalen dadurch gelöst, daß der temperaturabhängige Widerstand einen positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten aufweist und diesem ein dritter Kondensator parallelgeschaltet ist. Das Verhältnis der dann im Zündstromkreis der Lampe in Reihe liegenden Kapazitäten des zweiten Kondensators zum dritten Kondensator liegt erfindungsgemäß im Bereich 1 : 1 bis 5 : 1, vorzugsweise beträgt deren Kapazitätsverhältnis 2 : 1. Der den dritten Kondensator überbrückende Kaltleiter (PTC-Widerstand) hat einen niedrigen Anfangswiderstand und bewirkt, daß schon vom ersten Augenblick an ein hoher Vorheizstrom durch die Heizelektroden der Lampe fließt und diese schnell erwärmt. Nachdem sich der Kaltleiter erwärmt und einen hohen Widerstand angenommen hat, fließt weiterhin ein hoher Strom durch die jetzt wirksam gewordene Reihenschaltung des zweiten und dritten Kondensators, wobei gleichzeitig die Spannung an der Lampe durch Resonanz bis zur Zündung ansteigt. Nach der Zündung liegt nur die übliche Brennspannung der Lampe an der Reihenschaltung beider Kondensatoren; durch den Zündstromkreis fließt deshalb nur ein kleiner Reststrom. Die Funktion der Zündschaltung wird in der Figurenbeschreibung genauer erläutert. Die Betriebsfrequenz für die Lampe liegt im Bereich zwischen 20 kHz und 500 kHz. Hierdurch wird es ermöglicht, daß die Schaltungsbauteile kleine geometrische Abmessungen aufweisen und das gesamte Vorschaltgerät einschließlich der Bauteile für den Zündkreis in den Sockel der Niederdruckentladungslampe integriert werden kann.This object is achieved in a circuit arrangement for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp with the features mentioned in the preamble of the main claim in that the temperature-dependent resistor has a positive temperature coefficient and this is connected in parallel with a third capacitor. The ratio of the capacities of the second capacitor to the third capacitor which are then in series in the ignition circuit of the lamp is, according to the invention, in the range from 1: 1 to 5: 1, and their capacitance ratio is preferably 2: 1. The PTC thermistor bridging the third capacitor has a low initial resistance and causes a high preheating current to flow through the heating electrodes of the lamp from the very first moment and heat it up quickly. After the PTC thermistor has warmed up and assumed a high resistance, a high current continues to flow through the series connection of the second and third capacitors which has now become effective, the voltage at the lamp simultaneously increasing due to resonance until ignition. After ignition, only the usual operating voltage of the lamp is connected to the series connection of both capacitors; therefore only a small residual current flows through the ignition circuit. The function of the ignition circuit is explained in more detail in the description of the figures. The operating frequency for the lamp is in the range between 20 kHz and 500 kHz. This enables the scarf tion components have small geometric dimensions and the entire ballast including the components for the ignition circuit can be integrated into the base of the low-pressure discharge lamp.

Mit der Zündschaltung wird eine sehr kurze Zündzeit von nur etwa 0,5 Sekunden erreicht. Die Lampe brennt quasi "sofort" nach dem Einschalten. Das sonst übliche störende Einschaltflackern der Leuchtstofflampe sowie die die Lebensdauer verkürzende Glimmentladung treten nicht auf. Gleichzeitig wird eine Kaltzündung der Lampe vermieden, wodurch die Lampe geschont und somit deren Lebensdauer erhöht wird. Durch die Spannungsregelung ist die Schaltung zur Zündung von Leuchtstofflampen bei den unterschiedlichsten Umgebungstemperaturen geeignet.With the ignition circuit, a very short ignition time of only about 0.5 seconds is achieved. The lamp burns "almost" immediately after switching on. The otherwise annoying switch-on flickering of the fluorescent lamp and the glow discharge that shortens the service life do not occur. At the same time, cold ignition of the lamp is avoided, which protects the lamp and thus increases its service life. Due to the voltage regulation, the circuit is suitable for igniting fluorescent lamps at a wide variety of ambient temperatures.

Die Schaltungsanordnung zur Zündung für eine Niederdruckentladungslampe wird nachstehend an Hand der vier Figuren eingehend erläutert:

  • Figur 1 zeigt die wesentlichen Bauteile der Schaltungsanordnung
  • Figur 2 zeigt ein Oszillogramm des Heizstromes
  • Figur 3 zeigt ein Oszillogramm der Lampenspannung
  • Figur 4 zeigt ein Oszillogramm des Lampenstromes
The circuit arrangement for the ignition for a low-pressure discharge lamp is explained in detail below using the four figures:
  • Figure 1 shows the essential components of the circuit arrangement
  • Figure 2 shows an oscillogram of the heating current
  • Figure 3 shows an oscillogram of the lamp voltage
  • Figure 4 shows an oscillogram of the lamp current

Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 wird eine kompakte Leuchtstofflampe 1 mit 15 W Leistungsaufnahme mit einer Frequenz von ca. 45 kHz betrieben. Für die Versorgung der Lampe 1 wird die an den Anschlußklemmen 2, 3 anliegende Netzspannung UN anfangs über ein Filterglied 4 geleitet. Die gefilterte Wechselspannung wird dann mittels eines Gleichrichters 5 und eines Glättungskondensators 6 in eine gesiebte Gleichspannung umgewandelt. Diese Gleichspannung wird auf einen Wechselrichter gegeben, der aus den Transistoren 7, 8 mit den entsprechenden Emitterwiderständen 9, 10 sowie der zugehörigen Ansteuerung 11 besteht. Die Steuerspannung wird einem Ringkerntransformator 12 entnommen, dessen nur wenige Windungen aufweisende Primärwicklung 13 im Betriebsstromkreis der Lampe liegt: Alle diese Schaltglieder sind konventionell, so daß zur Vereinfachung der Schaltung auf eine Blockdarstellung zurückgegriffen wurde. Die vom Wechselrichter erzeugte rechteckförmige Spannung wird im Betriebsstromkreis über eine Induktivität 14 und einen den Gleichstrom sperrenden Trennkondensator 15 der Lampe 1 zugeführt. Die Induktivität 14 beträgt ca. 3 mH und der Trennkondensator 15 hat eine Kapazität von ca. 47 nF.In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, a compact fluorescent lamp 1 with 15 W power consumption is operated at a frequency of approximately 45 kHz. To supply the lamp 1, the mains voltage U N present at the connecting terminals 2, 3 is initially via Filter member 4 passed. The filtered AC voltage is then converted into a screened DC voltage by means of a rectifier 5 and a smoothing capacitor 6. This DC voltage is applied to an inverter, which consists of the transistors 7, 8 with the corresponding emitter resistors 9, 10 and the associated control 11. The control voltage is taken from a toroidal transformer 12, the primary winding 13 of which has only a few turns and is located in the operating circuit of the lamp: all of these switching elements are conventional, so that a block diagram has been used to simplify the circuit. The rectangular voltage generated by the inverter is supplied to the lamp 1 in the operating circuit via an inductor 14 and a separating capacitor 15 which blocks the direct current. The inductance 14 is approximately 3 mH and the isolating capacitor 15 has a capacitance of approximately 47 nF.

Parallel zur Lampe 1 und in Reihe zu deren Heizelektroden 16, 17 liegt der Zündstromkreis, der aus einer Reihenschaltung zweier Resonanzkondensatoren 18, 19 gebildet wird, wobei der Resonanzkondensator 18 von einem Kaltleiter (PTC-Widerstand) 20 überbrückt ist. Die Kapazität des Resonanzkondensators 18 beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel 3,3 nF und die des Resonanzkondensators 19 6,8 nF. Die Reihenschaltung der Kondensatoren 18 und 19 bildet den Resonanzkondensator CR. Der Kaltleiter 20 ist vom Typ C 890 (SIEMENS).The ignition circuit, which is formed from a series connection of two resonance capacitors 18, 19, lies parallel to the lamp 1 and in series with its heating electrodes 16, 17, the resonance capacitor 18 being bridged by a PTC resistor 20. The capacitance of the resonance capacitor 18 is 3.3 nF in the exemplary embodiment and that of the resonance capacitor 19 is 6.8 nF. The series connection of the capacitors 18 and 19 forms the resonant capacitor C R. The PTC thermistor 20 is of the type C 890 (SIEMENS).

Die Figuren 2 bis 4 zeigen den Verlauf des Heizstromes IH, der Lampenspannung Uo bzw. UL sowie den Lampenstrom IL. Zum Zeitpunkt des Einschaltens 21 ist nur der Kondensator 19 wirksam. Der in der Kapazität kleinere und für die Höhe der Lampenversorgungsspannung maßgebende Kondensator 18 ist durch den niederohmigen Kaltleiter 20 überbrückt. Durch die Elektroden 16, 17 der Lampe 1 fließt ein hoher Heizstrom IH (Fig. 2). An der Lampe 1 stellt sich eine bestimmte Leerlaufspannung U0 ein (Fig. 3), deren Höhe aufgrund des überbrückten Kondensators 18 und der geringeren Spannung am Kondensator 19 nicht zur Lampenzündung ausreicht. Ebenso ist der Strom IL durch die Lampe 1 vernachlässigbar klein (Fig. 4). Mit sich zunehmend erwärmenden Lampenelektroden 16, 17 verringert sich der Heizstrom IH geringfügig. Nach dem Aufheizen des Kaltleiters 20 wird dieser hochohmig und die Reihenschaltung der beiden Kondensatoren 18, 19 wird wirksam. Hierdurch verringert sich deren Gesamtkapazität. Die Kapazitäten der Resonanzkondensatoren 18, 19 sind so bestimmt, daß sich die erwünschte hohe Lampenversorgungsspannung einstellt und beide Kondensatoren 18, 19 trotz ihrer unterschiedlichen Kapazitäten mit etwa der gleichen Spannung belastet werden. Zusammen mit der Induktivität 14 und dem Trennkondensator 15 stellt sich jetzt die notwendige Resonanzspannung 22 ein. Mit der steigenden Resonanzspannung 22 steigt auch wieder der Heizstrom IH auf etwa seinen ursprünglichen Wert an. Der Strom IL durch die Lampe 1 ist von diesen Vorgängen nicht betroffen. Die resonante Leerlaufspannung U0 an den Kondensatoren 18, 19 steigt jetzt bis zum Durchzünden 23 der Lampe 1 an. Zwischen den Zeitpunkten des Einschaltens 21 und der Zündung 23 sind nur ca. 0,5 Sekunden vergangen. Nach erfolgter Lampenzündung 23 stellt sich automatisch die der Lampe 1 charakteristische Brennspannung U ein. Ebenso plötzlich steigt der Lampenstrom IL auf seinen Betriebswert an. Der Vorheizstrom IH geht aufgrund der jetzt verringerten Spannung und der in Reihe liegenden Kondensatoren 18, 19 auf einen niedrigen Wert zurück.Figures 2 to 4 show the course of the heating current I H , the lamp voltage U o or U L and the lamp current I L. At the time of switching on 21, only the capacitor 19 is effective. The one in the Kapa The smaller capacitor 18, which is decisive for the level of the lamp supply voltage, is bridged by the low-resistance thermistor 20. A high heating current I H flows through the electrodes 16, 17 of the lamp 1 (FIG. 2). A certain open circuit voltage U 0 is established at lamp 1 (FIG. 3), the level of which is insufficient to ignite the lamp due to the bridged capacitor 18 and the lower voltage across capacitor 19. Likewise, the current I L through the lamp 1 is negligibly small (FIG. 4). As lamp electrodes 16, 17 become increasingly warm, the heating current I H decreases slightly. After heating up the PTC thermistor 20, it becomes high-resistance and the series connection of the two capacitors 18, 19 becomes effective. This reduces their overall capacity. The capacitances of the resonance capacitors 18, 19 are determined such that the desired high lamp supply voltage is established and both capacitors 18, 19 are loaded with approximately the same voltage despite their different capacitances. Together with the inductance 14 and the isolating capacitor 15, the necessary resonance voltage 22 is now set. With the increasing resonance voltage 22, the heating current I H rises again to approximately its original value. The current I L through the lamp 1 is not affected by these processes. The resonant open circuit voltage U 0 at the capacitors 18, 19 now increases until the lamp 1 ignites 23. Only about 0.5 seconds have passed between the times of switching on 21 and ignition 23. After lamp ignition 23 has taken place, the lamp voltage U characteristic of lamp 1 is automatically set. The lamp current I L suddenly increases to its operating value. The preheating current I H goes due to the now reduced voltage and the series capacitors 18, 19 to a low value.

Claims (4)

1. Schaltungsanordnung zur Zündung einer Niederdruckentladungslampe, die im Betriebsstromkreis mindestens eine Induktivität (13, 14) und einen dazu in Reihe geschalteten Kondensator (15) aufweist und die im Zündstromkreis parallel zur Lampe (1) und in Reihe zu deren Heizelektroden (16, 17) eine Reihenschaltung eines zweiten Kondensators (19) und eines temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes (20) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der temperaturabhängige Widerstand (20) einen positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten aufweist und diesem ein dritter Kondensator (18) parallelgeschaltet ist.1. Circuit arrangement for igniting a low-pressure discharge lamp, which has at least one inductance (13, 14) and a capacitor (15) connected in series in the operating circuit and which is parallel to the lamp (1) and in series with its heating electrodes (16, 17) in the ignition circuit ) contains a series connection of a second capacitor (19) and a temperature-dependent resistor (20), characterized in that the temperature-dependent resistor (20) has a positive temperature coefficient and a third capacitor (18) is connected in parallel. 2. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Kapazitäten des zweiten Kondensators (19) zum dritten Kondensator (18) im Bereich 1 : 1 bis 5 : 1 liegt.2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the capacitances of the second capacitor (19) to the third capacitor (18) is in the range 1: 1 to 5: 1. 3. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Kapazitäten des zweiten Kondensators (19) zum dritten Kondensator (18) ca. 2 : 1 beträgt.3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the ratio of the capacitances of the second capacitor (19) to the third capacitor (18) is approximately 2: 1. 4. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Niederdruckentladungslampe (1) mit einer Frequenz zwischen 20 kHz und 500 kHz betrieben wird.4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the low-pressure discharge lamp (1) is operated at a frequency between 20 kHz and 500 kHz.
EP85113901A 1984-11-16 1985-10-31 Starting circuit for low-pressure discharge lamps Expired EP0185179B1 (en)

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DE3441992 1984-11-16
DE19843441992 DE3441992A1 (en) 1984-11-16 1984-11-16 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR IGNITING A LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP

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EP0185179A1 true EP0185179A1 (en) 1986-06-25
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JP (1) JPH079836B2 (en)
KR (1) KR940010821B1 (en)
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EP0752804A1 (en) 1995-07-05 1997-01-08 MAGNETEK S.p.A. Supply circuit for discharge lamps with means for preheating the electrodes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3569072D1 (en) 1989-04-27
EP0185179B1 (en) 1989-03-22
KR860004563A (en) 1986-06-23
US4647817A (en) 1987-03-03
HK91493A (en) 1993-09-10
KR940010821B1 (en) 1994-11-16
JPH079836B2 (en) 1995-02-01
JPS61126795A (en) 1986-06-14
DE3441992A1 (en) 1986-05-22

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