EP1424880A2 - Device for operating discharge lamps - Google Patents

Device for operating discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1424880A2
EP1424880A2 EP03022972A EP03022972A EP1424880A2 EP 1424880 A2 EP1424880 A2 EP 1424880A2 EP 03022972 A EP03022972 A EP 03022972A EP 03022972 A EP03022972 A EP 03022972A EP 1424880 A2 EP1424880 A2 EP 1424880A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamps
transformer
filaments
series
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03022972A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1424880A3 (en
Inventor
Bernd Rudolph
Harald Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP1424880A2 publication Critical patent/EP1424880A2/en
Publication of EP1424880A3 publication Critical patent/EP1424880A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies
    • H05B41/18—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having a starting switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for operating at least two Discharge lamps with a current control device, for controlling the current through the Filaments.
  • the present invention relates to electronic ballasts, into which such a device is integrated.
  • the operation of the discharge lamps includes both their starting and their burning.
  • Load circuit denotes the load of a bridge, which is used to operate a discharge lamp Inverter is used.
  • Each load circuit has its own lamp Pre-heater.
  • the possibility operate two lamps in one load circuit.
  • the primary coil of a heating transformer the series connection of two lamps connected in parallel and the secondary coil of the heating transformer between the two lamps.
  • the primary winding lies in a section of the bridge that is suitable for the application.
  • the circuitry implementation of the load circuits is relatively complex because defined, sequential starting and subsequent joint operation of the lamps electronic control circuits with relay or transistor switches are required. To the In contrast, operating individual lamps there are relatively cheap control circuits, who only use passive components to control the preheating. essential Such circuits include a heat sensitive resistor with a positive one Temperature coefficient.
  • FIG. 1 a bridge circuit with a related load circuit is shown.
  • the Bridge is for the purpose of inverter as a half bridge with two switching elements 1 and 2 and two capacitors 3 and 4 realized.
  • the load circuit 5 in the bridge includes one Coil 6 in series with a lamp 7, which has both a resonance capacitor 8 and is closed in parallel with a heat-sensitive resistor 9.
  • the PTC resistor 9 is designed so that it has a sufficient amount even after ignition Current leads to remain high-resistance, so that the resonance is maintained with the appropriate quality can be obtained.
  • FIG. 2a shows a variant of the load circuit of Figure 2a.
  • a Series capacitor 12 switched. This causes the resonance circuit to be detuned is not as pronounced by the PTC resistor 9 as in the case of the circuit in FIG. 2a. This means that in this case the ignition voltage is reached faster and the lamp as a result ignites more quickly.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b Another variant of the load circuits, which are shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, is shown in FIG Figure 2c reproduced.
  • the PTC resistor 9 is in the cold state primarily the series capacitor 12 is effective, whereas in the warm state of the PTC resistor 9, i.e. during the operation and lighting of the lamp, the series connection of the two capacitors 8 and 9 is primarily effective.
  • the object of the present invention is to operate two lamps propose an inexpensive preheating circuit.
  • this object is achieved by a device for operating at least two discharge lamps with a first contact device for electrical Connecting a first discharge lamp, which has two first filaments, a second Contact device for electrically connecting a second discharge lamp, the has two second filaments, and a current control device for controlling the Current through the two first and two second filaments, with terminals of first contact device for one of the first filaments with terminals of the second Contact device for one of the second filaments together with a secondary winding a transformer device are connected in a circuit and one connection terminal each the first and second contact means for the other of the first and second filaments with the interposition of the current control device in series with the Primary winding of the transformer device are interconnected.
  • the advantage of the circuit according to the invention is that compared to the preheating circuit for one lamp the additional effort for preheating a second lamp only in one component, namely a transformer.
  • the transformer with suitable dimensions ensures that all filaments of the Discharge lamps can be heated simultaneously and with approximately the same output.
  • the current control device advantageously comprises a PTC resistor with a positive one Temperature coefficient. This component enables a relatively simple and cost-effective control of the preheating for the lamps. Instead of the PTC resistors the current control device can comprise a transistor. This allows preheating Controlled more precisely, but also more elaborately.
  • a series capacitor can be connected in series with the current control device. This causes the resonance circuit to be detuned less and the lamps can be ignited earlier by a corresponding current increase.
  • a sequence start capacitor can be connected in parallel to the first and / or second contact device be provided.
  • the sequential starting sequence is advantageously controllable at least two lamps. This allows a sequence start to avoid very high ignition currents / voltages can be achieved, which makes the use of less loadable and thus enables cheaper components.
  • the device can also be connected to a choke coil with which the Device can be operated in resonance.
  • This can control the device realized by a single inverter for the operation of two or more lamps become.
  • the device according to the invention is advantageously in an electrical ballast for Integrated fluorescent lamps. This means that two or more lamps can be connected to one ballast operate.
  • FIG. 3 shows a load circuit according to the invention of a ballast for discharge lamps shown.
  • the lamps 71 and 72 are operated in the load circuit.
  • You have Two filaments 711, 712 and 721, 722 each.
  • In the circuit are for the filament 711 of lamp 71, connecting terminals 20 and 21, for filament 712 of lamp 71 the connection terminals 22 and 23, for the filament 721 of the lamp 72 the connection terminals 24 and 25, and the connecting terminals 26 for the filament 722 of the lamp 72 and 27 are provided.
  • a resonance capacitor C res 8 is connected between the connection terminals 20 and 26 of the two lamps 71 and 72.
  • a resonance inductor L res 6 is also connected to the connecting terminal 26.
  • a resistor PTC with a positive temperature coefficient, a series capacitor C ser and a primary coil L p of a transformer are connected in series between the connecting terminals 21 and 27 of the lamps 71 and 72.
  • the secondary coil Ls of the transformer is connected between the terminals 23 and 25 of the lamps 7 1 and 72.
  • the connection terminals 22 and 24 of the two lamps are connected to one another.
  • a sequence start capacitor C seq is connected between the connection terminals 24 and 26 of the lamp 72.
  • lamps 71 and 72 The operation of the load circuit with the two lamps 71 and 72 will be explained in more detail below. Basically, the operation of lamps 71 and 72 consists of three phases: preheating the filaments, igniting the lamps and burning the lamps. The energy is supplied to the lamps via the resonance circuit C res , L res .
  • the heat-sensitive resistor PTC 9 is still cool and therefore low-resistance. In this state, it dampens the load resonance circuit to such an extent that the voltage across the lamps 71, 72 is not sufficient to ignite them.
  • the preheating current flows through the filament 711 and 722 and thus also through the series circuit consisting of the resistor PTC 9, the series capacitor C ser and the primary winding L p of the transformer.
  • Preheating current is coupled into the circuit consisting of the two filaments 712 and 721 and the secondary coil L via the transformer.
  • the transformer is advantageously dimensioned such that the preheating current through the filaments 711 and 722 corresponds in terms of power to the preheating current through the filaments 712 and 721. A symmetrical preheating of all filaments 711, 712, 721, 722 can thus be achieved.
  • the series capacitor C ser is optionally connected in the load circuit. In the preheating phase, it ensures a current increase in the resonance circuit and thus accelerates the preheating phase.
  • the preheating current heats the PTC 9 resistor so that it ends at the end of the preheating phase becomes high impedance. This largely eliminates the damping of the load circuit Quality of the resonant circuit and thus the voltage at lamps 71 and 72 increases and the ignite both lamps.
  • the two lamps 71 and 72 are ignited sequentially.
  • the sequence start capacitor C seq is connected in parallel to the lamp 72. Since the lamps 71 and 72 represent a voltage divider, because of the sequence start capacitor C seq , less voltage drops across the lamp 72 than at the lamp 71. Consequently, the lamp 71 ignites in front of the lamp 72. This lead time can be targeted by suitable dimensioning of the sequence start capacitor C seq be specified.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

A pair of terminals (22-25) of each contact device that electrically connects the discharge lamps (71,72), is connected with secondary winding (Ls) of the transformer. The terminals (21,27) of contact devices are connected in series to primary (Lp) of the transformer, with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor (9) and a series capacitor (12) in between one of the terminals and transformer. An Independent claim is also included for electronic ballast.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von mindestens zwei Entladungslampen mit einer Stromsteuereinrichtung, zur Steuerung des Stroms durch die Glühwendeln. Insbesondere betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung elektronische Vorschaltgeräte, in die eine derartige Vorrichtung integriert ist. Das Betreiben der Entladungslampen umfasst dabei sowohl deren Starten als auch deren Brennen.The present invention relates to a device for operating at least two Discharge lamps with a current control device, for controlling the current through the Filaments. In particular, the present invention relates to electronic ballasts, into which such a device is integrated. The operation of the discharge lamps includes both their starting and their burning.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Es ist bekannt, zwei Entladungslampen mit zwei Lastkreisen zu betreiben. Dabei wird als Lastkreis die Last einer Brücke bezeichnet, die zum Betreiben einer Entladungslampe als Wechselrichter verwendet wird. Jeder Lastkreis besitzt für die jeweilige Lampe eine eigene Vorheizanordnung. Weiterhin besteht gemäß internem Stand der Technik die Möglichkeit, zwei Lampen in einem Lastkreis zu betreiben. Hierbei ist die Primärspule eines Heiztransformators der Serienschaltung von zwei Lampen parallel geschaltet und die Sekundärspule des Heiztrafos zwischen die beiden Lampen geschaltet. Ferner gibt es die Möglichkeit, alle Wendeln der Lampen über Sekundärwicklungen transformatorisch zu heizen, wobei die Primärwicklung in einem für die Anwendung passenden Abschnitt der Brücke liegt.It is known to operate two discharge lamps with two load circuits. It is called Load circuit denotes the load of a bridge, which is used to operate a discharge lamp Inverter is used. Each load circuit has its own lamp Pre-heater. Furthermore, according to the internal state of the art, there is the possibility operate two lamps in one load circuit. Here is the primary coil of a heating transformer the series connection of two lamps connected in parallel and the secondary coil of the heating transformer between the two lamps. There is also the possibility of all To heat the filaments of the transformers via secondary windings, the primary winding lies in a section of the bridge that is suitable for the application.

Die schaltungstechnische Realisierung der Lastkreise ist verhältnismäßig aufwändig, da zum definierten, sequentiellen Starten und anschließenden gemeinsamen Betreiben der Lampen elektronische Steuerschaltungen mit Relais- oder Transistorschaltem erforderlich sind. Zum Betreiben einzelner Lampen existieren dagegen verhältnismäßig günstige Steuerschaltungen, die zur Steuerung des Vorheizens lediglich passive Bauelemente benutzen. Wesentlicher Bestandteil derartiger Schaltungen ist ein wärmeempfindlicher Widerstand mit einem positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten. The circuitry implementation of the load circuits is relatively complex because defined, sequential starting and subsequent joint operation of the lamps electronic control circuits with relay or transistor switches are required. To the In contrast, operating individual lamps there are relatively cheap control circuits, who only use passive components to control the preheating. essential Such circuits include a heat sensitive resistor with a positive one Temperature coefficient.

In Figur 1 ist eine Brückenschaltung mit einem diesbezüglichen Lastkreis dargestellt. Die Brücke ist zum Zwecke des Wechselrichtens als Halbbrücke mit zwei Schaltelementen 1 und 2 und zwei Kondensatoren 3 und 4 realisiert. Der Lastkreis 5 in der Brücke umfasst eine Spule 6 in Serie mit einer Lampe 7, die sowohl mit einem Resonanzkondensator 8 als auch mit einem wärmeempfindlichen Widerstand 9 parallel geschlossen ist.In Figure 1, a bridge circuit with a related load circuit is shown. The Bridge is for the purpose of inverter as a half bridge with two switching elements 1 and 2 and two capacitors 3 and 4 realized. The load circuit 5 in the bridge includes one Coil 6 in series with a lamp 7, which has both a resonance capacitor 8 and is closed in parallel with a heat-sensitive resistor 9.

Die Funktionsweise der in Figur 1 dargestellten Schaltung sei im Folgenden erläutert. Durch geeignete Ansteuerung der Schalter 1 und 2 wird für den Lastkreis 5 im Mittenabgriff der Brücke aus der Gleichspannung eine Wechselspannung erzeugt. Für den Zündvorgang der Lampe liegt die Frequenz der Wechselspannung günstigerweise im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz der Spule 6 und des Kondensators 8. Vor dem Zünden verstimmt der Widerstand 9 mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten (PTC) als Kaltleiter den Serienschwingkreis 6, 8 derart, dass die notwendige Zündspannung an der Lampe 7 beziehungsweise dem Kondensator 8 nicht erreicht wird. Es fließt aber bereits Strom durch die Glühwendeln 10 und 11 der Lampe 7, so dass sie für den Zündvorgang vorgeheizt werden. Ebenso fließt währenddessen Strom durch den PTC-Widerstand 9 und erwärmt ihn in dieser Vorheizphase. Dabei steigt sein Widerstand an, wodurch die Verstimmung des Serienresonanzkreises 6, 8 entsprechend zurück geht, so dass die Zündspannung über der Lampe 7 erreicht werden kann. Der PTC-Widerstand 9 ist dabei so ausgelegt, dass er auch nach dem Zünden eine ausreichende Menge Strom führt um hochohmig zu bleiben, damit die Resonanz mit entsprechender Güte aufrecht erhalten werden kann.The mode of operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 is explained below. By Suitable control of switches 1 and 2 is for the load circuit 5 in the center tap Bridge generates an AC voltage from the DC voltage. For the ignition process of the Lamp, the frequency of the AC voltage is advantageously in the range of the resonance frequency the coil 6 and the capacitor 8. Before the ignition, the resistor 9 detunes with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) as PTC thermistor the series resonant circuit 6, 8 such that the necessary ignition voltage at the lamp 7 or the capacitor 8 is not reached. However, current is already flowing through the filaments 10 and 11 of the Lamp 7, so that they are preheated for the ignition process. Likewise flows along the way Current through the PTC resistor 9 and heats it in this preheating phase. This increases its resistance, causing the detuning of the series resonant circuit 6, 8 accordingly goes back so that the ignition voltage can be reached across the lamp 7. The PTC resistor 9 is designed so that it has a sufficient amount even after ignition Current leads to remain high-resistance, so that the resonance is maintained with the appropriate quality can be obtained.

In Figur 2a ist der Lastkreis 5 der Übersicht halber ohne die Spule 6 dargestellt. Figur 2b zeigt eine Variante des Lastkreises von Figur 2a. In Serie zu dem PTC-Widerstand 9 ist ein Serienkondensator 12 geschaltet. Dieser bewirkt, dass die Verstimmung des Resonanzkreises durch den PTC-Widerstand 9 nicht so ausgeprägt ist wie im Fall der Schaltung der Figur 2a. Dies bedeutet, dass in diesem Fall die Zündspannung schneller erreicht wird und die Lampe in Folge dessen rascher zündet.For the sake of clarity, the load circuit 5 is shown in FIG. 2a without the coil 6. Figure 2b shows a variant of the load circuit of Figure 2a. In series with the PTC resistor 9 is a Series capacitor 12 switched. This causes the resonance circuit to be detuned is not as pronounced by the PTC resistor 9 as in the case of the circuit in FIG. 2a. This means that in this case the ignition voltage is reached faster and the lamp as a result ignites more quickly.

Eine weitere Variante der Lastkreise, die in den Figuren 2a und 2b dargestellt sind, ist in Figur 2c wiedergegeben. In diesem Fall ist im kalten Zustand des PTC-Widerstands 9 in erster Linie der Serienkondensator 12 wirksam, wogegen im warmen Zustand des PTC-Widerstands 9, d.h. während des Betriebs und Zündens der Lampe, die Serienschaltung der beiden Kondensatoren 8 und 9 vorrangig wirksam ist. Another variant of the load circuits, which are shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, is shown in FIG Figure 2c reproduced. In this case, the PTC resistor 9 is in the cold state primarily the series capacitor 12 is effective, whereas in the warm state of the PTC resistor 9, i.e. during the operation and lighting of the lamp, the series connection of the two capacitors 8 and 9 is primarily effective.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, für den Betrieb von zwei Lampen eine kostengünstige Vorheizschaltung vorzuschlagen.The object of the present invention is to operate two lamps propose an inexpensive preheating circuit.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von mindestens zwei Entladungslampen mit einer ersten Kontakteinrichtung zum elektrischen Anschließen einer ersten Entladungslampe, die zwei erste Glühwendeln aufweist, einer zweiten Kontakteinrichtung zum elektrischen Anschließen einer zweiten Entladungslampe, die zwei zweite Glühwendeln aufweist, und einer Stromsteuereinrichtung zur Steuerung des Stroms durch die zwei ersten und zwei zweiten Glühwendeln, wobei Anschlussklemmen der ersten Kontakteinrichtung für eine der ersten Glühwendeln mit Anschlussklemmen der zweiten Kontakteinrichtung für eine der zweiten Glühwendeln zusammen mit einer Sekundärwicklung einer Transformatoreinrichtung im Kreis geschaltet sind und je eine Anschlussklemme der ersten und zweiten Kontakteinrichtung für die jeweils anderen der ersten und zweiten Glühwendeln unter Zwischenschaltung der Stromsteuereinrichtung in Serie mit der Primärwicklung der Transformatoreinrichtung miteinander verbunden sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for operating at least two discharge lamps with a first contact device for electrical Connecting a first discharge lamp, which has two first filaments, a second Contact device for electrically connecting a second discharge lamp, the has two second filaments, and a current control device for controlling the Current through the two first and two second filaments, with terminals of first contact device for one of the first filaments with terminals of the second Contact device for one of the second filaments together with a secondary winding a transformer device are connected in a circuit and one connection terminal each the first and second contact means for the other of the first and second filaments with the interposition of the current control device in series with the Primary winding of the transformer device are interconnected.

Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung liegt darin, dass gegenüber der Vorheizschaltung für eine Lampe der zusätzliche Aufwand für die Vorheizung einer zweiten Lampe lediglich in einem Bauteil, nämlich einem Transformator, liegt. Der Transformator gewährleistet bei geeigneter Dimensionierung, dass sämtliche Glühwendeln der Entladungslampen gleichzeitig und mit annähernd gleicher Leistung geheizt werden.The advantage of the circuit according to the invention is that compared to the preheating circuit for one lamp the additional effort for preheating a second lamp only in one component, namely a transformer. The transformer with suitable dimensions, ensures that all filaments of the Discharge lamps can be heated simultaneously and with approximately the same output.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist parallel zu der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, d.h. zwischen die übrigen Anschlussklemmen beider Kontakteinrichtungen, ein Resonanzkondensator geschaltet. Damit können beide Lampen mit einer Resonanzschaltung betrieben werden.In an advantageous embodiment, parallel to the device according to the invention, i.e. a resonance capacitor between the other terminals of both contact devices connected. This means that both lamps can be operated with a resonance circuit become.

Günstigerweise umfasst die Stromsteuereinrichtung einen PTC-Widerstand mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten. Dieses Bauelement ermöglicht eine verhältnismäßig einfache und kostengünstige Steuerung der Vorheizung für die Lampen. An Stelle der PTC-Widerstände kann die Stromsteuereinrichtung einen Transistor umfassen. Dadurch läßt sich das Vorheizen gezielter, aber auch aufwändiger steuern. The current control device advantageously comprises a PTC resistor with a positive one Temperature coefficient. This component enables a relatively simple and cost-effective control of the preheating for the lamps. Instead of the PTC resistors the current control device can comprise a transistor. This allows preheating Controlled more precisely, but also more elaborately.

Seriell zu der Stromsteuereinrichtung kann ein Serienkondensator geschaltet werden. Dieser bewirkt, dass die Resonanzschaltung insgesamt weniger verstimmt wird und die Lampen durch entsprechende Stromüberhöhung früher gezündet werden.A series capacitor can be connected in series with the current control device. This causes the resonance circuit to be detuned less and the lamps can be ignited earlier by a corresponding current increase.

Parallel zu der ersten und/oder zweiten Kontakteinrichtung kann ein Sequenzstartkondensator vorgesehen sein. Mit diesem ist vorteilhafterweise die sequentielle Startreihenfolge bei mindestens zwei Lampen steuerbar. Dadurch kann ein Sequenzstart zur Vermeidung von sehr hohen Zündströmen/- spannungen erreicht werden, welcher den Einsatz weniger belastbarer und damit kostengünstigerer Bauelemente ermöglicht.A sequence start capacitor can be connected in parallel to the first and / or second contact device be provided. With this, the sequential starting sequence is advantageously controllable at least two lamps. This allows a sequence start to avoid very high ignition currents / voltages can be achieved, which makes the use of less loadable and thus enables cheaper components.

Vorzugsweise lässt sich die Vorrichtung ferner an eine Drosselspule anschließen, mit der die Vorrichtung in Resonanz betrieben werden kann. Damit kann das Ansteuern der Vorrichtung durch einen einzelnen Wechselrichter zum Betrieb von zwei und mehr Lampen realisiert werden.Preferably, the device can also be connected to a choke coil with which the Device can be operated in resonance. This can control the device realized by a single inverter for the operation of two or more lamps become.

Günstigerweise ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in ein elektrisches Vorschaltgerät für Leuchtstofflampen integriert. Somit lassen sich zwei und mehr Lampen mit einem Vorschaltgerät betreiben.The device according to the invention is advantageously in an electrical ballast for Integrated fluorescent lamps. This means that two or more lamps can be connected to one ballast operate.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schaltplan einer Halbbrücke mit einem Lastkreis gemäß dem Stand der Technik zum Betreiben einer Leuchtstofflampe;
Figuren 2a, 2b, 2c
Varianten von Lastkreisen gemäß dem Stand der Technik; und
Figur 3
einen erfindungsgemäßen Lastkreis zum Betreiben von mindestens zwei Lampen.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1
a circuit diagram of a half bridge with a load circuit according to the prior art for operating a fluorescent lamp;
Figures 2a, 2b, 2c
Variants of load circuits according to the prior art; and
Figure 3
a load circuit according to the invention for operating at least two lamps.

Bevorzugte Ausführung der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Die nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen stellen lediglich bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The embodiments described below represent only preferred embodiments of the present invention.

In Figur 3 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Lastkreis eines Vorschaltgeräts für Entladungslampen dargestellt. In dem Lastkreis werden die Lampen 71 und 72 betrieben. Sie verfügen über jeweils zwei Glühwendeln 711, 712 sowie 721, 722. Im Schaltkreis sind für die Glühwendel 711 der Lampe 71 die Anschlussklemmen 20 und 21, für die Glühwendel 712 der Lampe 71 die Anschlussklemmen 22 und 23, für die Glühwendel 721 der Lampe 72 die Anschlussklemmen 24 und 25, sowie für die Glühwendel 722 der Lampe 72 die Anschlussklemmen 26 und 27 vorgesehen.FIG. 3 shows a load circuit according to the invention of a ballast for discharge lamps shown. The lamps 71 and 72 are operated in the load circuit. You have Two filaments 711, 712 and 721, 722 each. In the circuit are for the filament 711 of lamp 71, connecting terminals 20 and 21, for filament 712 of lamp 71 the connection terminals 22 and 23, for the filament 721 of the lamp 72 the connection terminals 24 and 25, and the connecting terminals 26 for the filament 722 of the lamp 72 and 27 are provided.

Zwischen den Anschlussklemmen 20 und 26 der beiden Lampen 71 und 72 ist ein Resonanzkondensator Cres 8 geschaltet. An die Anschlussklemme 26 ist ferner eine Resonanzinduktivität Lres 6 angeschlossen.A resonance capacitor C res 8 is connected between the connection terminals 20 and 26 of the two lamps 71 and 72. A resonance inductor L res 6 is also connected to the connecting terminal 26.

Zwischen die Anschlussklemmen 21 und 27 der Lampen 71 und 72 ist in Serie ein Widerstand PTC mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten, ein Serienkondensator Cser und eine Primärspule Lp eines Transformators geschaltet. Die Sekundärspule Ls des Transformators ist zwischen die Anschlussklemmen 23 und 25 der Lampen 7 1 und 72 geschaltet. Darüber hinaus sind die Anschlussklemmen 22 und 24 der beiden Lampen miteinander verbunden. Schließlich ist zwischen die Anschlussklemmen 24 und 26 der Lampe 72 ein Sequenzstartkondensator Cseq geschaltet.A resistor PTC with a positive temperature coefficient, a series capacitor C ser and a primary coil L p of a transformer are connected in series between the connecting terminals 21 and 27 of the lamps 71 and 72. The secondary coil Ls of the transformer is connected between the terminals 23 and 25 of the lamps 7 1 and 72. In addition, the connection terminals 22 and 24 of the two lamps are connected to one another. Finally, a sequence start capacitor C seq is connected between the connection terminals 24 and 26 of the lamp 72.

Die Funktionsweise des Lastkreises mit den beiden Lampen 71 und 72 sei im Folgenden näher erläutert. Grundsätzlich besteht der Betrieb der Lampen 71 und 72 aus den drei Phasen: Vorheizen der Glühwendeln, Zünden der Lampen und Brennen der Lampen. Die Energie wird den Lampen über die Resonanzschaltung Cres, Lres zugeführt.The operation of the load circuit with the two lamps 71 and 72 will be explained in more detail below. Basically, the operation of lamps 71 and 72 consists of three phases: preheating the filaments, igniting the lamps and burning the lamps. The energy is supplied to the lamps via the resonance circuit C res , L res .

Zu Beginn der Vorheizphase ist der wärmeempfindliche Widerstand PTC 9 noch kühl und damit niederohmig. In diesem Zustand bedämpft er den Last-Resonanzkreis soweit, dass die Spannung über den Lampen 71, 72 nicht zu deren Zündung ausreicht. Der Vorheizstrom fließt durch die Glühwendel 711 und 722 und damit auch durch die Serienschaltung bestehend aus dem Widerstand PTC 9, dem Serienkondensator Cser und der Primärwicklung Lp des Transformators. Über dem Transformator wird Vorheizstrom in den Kreis bestehend aus den beiden Glühwendeln 712 und 721 sowie der Sekundärspule L, eingekoppelt. Der Transformator ist dabei günstigerweise so zu dimensionieren, dass der Vorheizstrom durch die Glühwendeln 711 und 722 dem Vorheizstrom durch die Glühwendeln 712 und 721 leistungsmäßig entspricht. Somit kann ein symmetrisches Vorheizen aller Glühwendeln 711, 712, 721, 722 erreicht werden.At the beginning of the preheating phase, the heat-sensitive resistor PTC 9 is still cool and therefore low-resistance. In this state, it dampens the load resonance circuit to such an extent that the voltage across the lamps 71, 72 is not sufficient to ignite them. The preheating current flows through the filament 711 and 722 and thus also through the series circuit consisting of the resistor PTC 9, the series capacitor C ser and the primary winding L p of the transformer. Preheating current is coupled into the circuit consisting of the two filaments 712 and 721 and the secondary coil L via the transformer. The transformer is advantageously dimensioned such that the preheating current through the filaments 711 and 722 corresponds in terms of power to the preheating current through the filaments 712 and 721. A symmetrical preheating of all filaments 711, 712, 721, 722 can thus be achieved.

Der Serienkondensator Cser ist optional in den Lastkreis geschaltet. Er sorgt in der Vorheizphase für eine Stromüberhöhung im Resonanzkreis und damit für eine Beschleunigung der Vorheizphase.The series capacitor C ser is optionally connected in the load circuit. In the preheating phase, it ensures a current increase in the resonance circuit and thus accelerates the preheating phase.

Der Vorheizstrom erwärmt den Widerstand PTC 9, so dass dieser am Ende der Vorheizphase hochohmig wird. Damit wird die Bedämpfung des Lastkreises größtenteils aufgehoben, die Güte des Resonanzkreises und damit die Spannung an den Lampen 71 und 72 steigt und die beiden Lampen zünden.The preheating current heats the PTC 9 resistor so that it ends at the end of the preheating phase becomes high impedance. This largely eliminates the damping of the load circuit Quality of the resonant circuit and thus the voltage at lamps 71 and 72 increases and the ignite both lamps.

Um in der Zündphase einen zu hohen Zündstrom zu vermeiden, werden die beiden Lampen 71 und 72 sequentiell gezündet. Hierzu ist der Sequenzstartkondensator Cseq parallel zur Lampe 72 geschaltet. Da die Lampen 71 und 72 einen Spannungsteiler darstellen, fällt wegen des Sequenzstartkondensators Cseq an der Lampe 72 weniger Spannung ab als an der Lampe 71. Folglich zündet die Lampe 71 vor der Lampe 72. Diese Vorlaufzeit kann durch geeignete Dimensionierung des Sequenzstartkondensator Cseq gezielt vorgegeben werden.In order to avoid an excessive ignition current in the ignition phase, the two lamps 71 and 72 are ignited sequentially. For this purpose, the sequence start capacitor C seq is connected in parallel to the lamp 72. Since the lamps 71 and 72 represent a voltage divider, because of the sequence start capacitor C seq , less voltage drops across the lamp 72 than at the lamp 71. Consequently, the lamp 71 ignites in front of the lamp 72. This lead time can be targeted by suitable dimensioning of the sequence start capacitor C seq be specified.

In der Brennphase, in der die Lampen 71 und 72 verhältnismäßig niederohmig sind, läuft der Strom im Wesentlichen von der Klemme 20 über die Glühwendel 711, die Glühwendel 712, die Klemme 22, die Klemme 24, die Glühwendel 721, die Glühwendel 722 zur Klemme 26. Durch die Hochohmigkeit des Widerstandes PTC und den damit stark reduzierten Strom über den Widerstand PTC ist der Dauerheizstrom während des Lampenbetriebes über alle Wendeln stark reduziert.In the burning phase, in which the lamps 71 and 72 are relatively low-resistance, the runs Current essentially from the terminal 20 via the filament 711, the filament 712, the terminal 22, the terminal 24, the filament 721, the filament 722 to the terminal 26. Due to the high resistance of the PTC resistor and the greatly reduced current The permanent heating current during lamp operation is all over the resistor PTC Spirals greatly reduced.

Claims (7)

Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von mindestens zwei Entladungslampen (71, 72) mit einer ersten Kontakteinrichtung zum elektrischen Anschließen einer ersten Entladungslampe (71), die zwei erste Glühwendeln (711, 712) aufweist, einer zweiten Kontakteinrichtung zum elektrischen Anschließen einer zweiten Entladungslampe, die zwei zweite Glühwendeln (721, 722) aufweist, und einer Stromsteuereinrichtung zur Steuerung des Stroms durch die zwei ersten und zwei zweiten Glühwendeln (711, 712, 721, 722), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Anschlussklemmen (22, 23) der ersten Kontakteinrichtung für eine der ersten Glühwendeln (712) mit Anschlussklemmen (24, 25) der zweiten Kontakteinrichtung für eine der zweiten Glühwendeln (721) zusammen mit einer Sekundärwicklung (Ls) einer Transformatoreinrichtung im Kreis geschaltet sind und je eine Anschlussklemme (21, 27) der ersten und zweiten Kontakteinrichtung für die jeweils anderen der ersten und zweiten Glühwendeln (711, 722) unter Zwischenschaltung der Stromsteuereinrichtung (9) in Serie mit der Primärwicklung (Lp) der Transformatoreinrichtung miteinander verbunden sind. Device for operating at least two discharge lamps (71, 72) a first contact device for electrically connecting a first discharge lamp (71) which has two first incandescent filaments (711, 712), a second contact device for electrically connecting a second discharge lamp which has two second incandescent filaments (721, 722), and a current control device for controlling the current through the two first and two second incandescent filaments (711, 712, 721, 722), characterized in that Connection terminals (22, 23) of the first contact device for one of the first incandescent filaments (712) are connected in a circle with connection terminals (24, 25) of the second contact device for one of the second incandescent filaments (721) together with a secondary winding (L s ) of a transformer device and one connecting terminal (21, 27) each of the first and second contact devices for the other of the first and second filaments (711, 722) are connected to one another in series with the primary winding (L p ) of the transformer device, with the current control device (9) interposed. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei zwischen die übrigen Anschlussklemmen (20, 26) der ersten und zweiten Kontakteinrichtung ein Resonanzkondensator (8) geschaltet ist.Device according to claim 1, wherein between the remaining connection terminals (20, 26) a resonance capacitor (8) is connected to the first and second contact devices. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei in Serie zu der Stromsteuereinrichtung (9) und der Primärwicklung (Lp) der Transformatoreinrichtung ein Serienkondensator (12) zur Stromüberhöhung für eine Vorheizphase geschaltet ist. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a series capacitor (12) for increasing the current for a preheating phase is connected in series with the current control device (9) and the primary winding (L p ) of the transformer device. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Stromsteuereinrichtung (9) einen PTC-Widerstand umfasst.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the current control device (9) comprises a PTC resistor. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei parallel zu der ersten oder zweiten Kontakteinrichtung ein Sequenzstartkondensator (Cseq) geschaltet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sequence start capacitor (C seq ) is connected in parallel with the first or second contact device. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei an die Vorrichtung eine Drosselspule (6) angeschlossen ist, mit der die Vorrichtung zum Zünden der Entladungslampen (71, 72) in Resonanz betrieben werden kann.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a choke coil to the device (6) is connected to the device for igniting the discharge lamps (71, 72) can be operated in resonance. Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät zum Betreiben von Entladungslampen (71, 72) mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6.Electronic ballast for operating discharge lamps (71, 72) with a Device according to one of claims 1 to 6.
EP03022972A 2002-11-13 2003-10-09 Device for operating discharge lamps Withdrawn EP1424880A3 (en)

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DE10252836A DE10252836A1 (en) 2002-11-13 2002-11-13 Device for operating discharge lamps
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DE10252836A1 (en) 2004-05-27
EP1424880A3 (en) 2008-03-19
US20040090193A1 (en) 2004-05-13
KR20040042849A (en) 2004-05-20
CN1505452A (en) 2004-06-16
US6806657B2 (en) 2004-10-19
CA2448791A1 (en) 2004-05-13

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