EP0182114B1 - Appareil d'électrolyse à électrodes disposées horizontalement - Google Patents

Appareil d'électrolyse à électrodes disposées horizontalement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0182114B1
EP0182114B1 EP85113299A EP85113299A EP0182114B1 EP 0182114 B1 EP0182114 B1 EP 0182114B1 EP 85113299 A EP85113299 A EP 85113299A EP 85113299 A EP85113299 A EP 85113299A EP 0182114 B1 EP0182114 B1 EP 0182114B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
frame
anode
gas diffusion
electrolysis apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85113299A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0182114A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dr. Staab
Dieter Dr. Bergner
Kurt Hannesen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to AT85113299T priority Critical patent/ATE36177T1/de
Publication of EP0182114A1 publication Critical patent/EP0182114A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0182114B1 publication Critical patent/EP0182114B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolysis apparatus for producing chlorine from aqueous alkali halide solutions, which has at least one electrolysis cell, the anode and gas diffusion cathode of which are arranged horizontally and separated from one another by a partition in a housing made of two half-shells and mechanically and electrically conductively connected to the half-shells via their edges , wherein the housing is provided with means for supplying the electrolysis starting materials and for removing the electrolysis products.
  • the present invention achieves the object in that the gas diffusion cathode is connected to its half-shell in a liquid-tight manner and rests on a power supply and distribution device which is arranged between the half-shell and the cathode, the dividing wall between a seal that runs between the edges of the half-shells and a parallel one arranged frame is clamped and supported on the cathode side on a spacer which rests on the cathode and is held by the frame and the frame has an inlet and outlet for the catholyte.
  • Suitable as anode material is titanium, which is activated with an oxide or mixed oxide of the metals of group VIII of the periodic table.
  • the diffusion cathode can consist of a current collector made of nickel fabric, which is coated with a porous, colloidal silver catalyst, which is deposited on polytetrafluoroethylene, and has a hydrophilic layer on the alkali side.
  • the advantage of the arrangement according to the invention can be seen in the fact that an extremely thin lye film in the cathode compartment is sufficient. This results in a low hydrostatic leach pressure, at which only a very small, usually negligible amount of lye passes through the cathode. Since no lye has to be expelled from the gas space, the cell can be operated with the stoichiometric amount of oxygen. Furthermore, due to the low alkali pressure, a low gas pressure is also sufficient to set the three-phase gas-electrolyte and catalyst interface within the cathode. On the anode side, the rapid segregation of chlorine and anolyte greatly reduces the chlorine bubble effect.
  • the relatively flexible gas diffusion cathodes are prevented from bending and different electrode spacing (e.g. due to bulging of the cathode due to the leach pressure), which leads to a will lead to uneven current distribution.
  • the invention shows an electrolysis apparatus consisting of three electrolysis cells with gas diffusion cathodes 11, which are completely independent of one another and are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via contact points or contact strips 20.
  • the advantage of this embodiment lies in the serviceability of the construction in the event of damage to a cell. By loosening the contact pressure, the defective cell can be removed from the cell assembly and then the electrolysis with the remaining cells can be resumed immediately after the contact pressure has been reset.
  • the anode shell 1 can consist of titanium metal or a titanium alloy.
  • the anode compartment 6 is supplied with electrolyte, for example saturated sodium chloride solution, via a feed line 5. The chlorine formed and the depleted brine are removed via the pipe 7.
  • the cathode half-shell 8 Normal steel, stainless steel or nickel, but also titanium metal can be used for the cathode half-shell 8; the latter in particular because no hydrogen is produced in the electrolysis cell and thus the H 2 embrittlement of titanium cannot begin.
  • the cathode current conductor 10 in the cathode half Shell 8 is the cathode current conductor 10 as a power supply and distribution device, which can be designed in the form of a corrugated tape and consists of the same material as the cathode half-shell.
  • the cathode current conductor 10 carries the gas diffusion cathode 11 and connects it in an electrically conductive manner to the cathode half-shell 8.
  • the gas diffusion cathode 11 preferably consists of a metal-based electrocatalyst, as described for example in EP-A-141 142, since such an electrode is also simple can be welded or soldered to the cathode current conductor.
  • the gas diffusion cathode is also connected to the cathode half-shell 8 at the outer edge by soldering, welding or gluing with an electrically conductive adhesive and is sealed at the same time, so that the gas space 12 is formed below the cathode.
  • An oxygen-containing gas for example elemental oxygen, air or air enriched with oxygen, is fed into the latter via a feed line 13. Excess oxygen or oxygen-depleted air is disposed of via the pipe 14. Via this pipe 14, any condensate that may occur can also be removed.
  • a peripheral frame 17 made of an alkali-resistant material, which is provided with a feed line 18 for thin lye and a discharge line 19 for the strong lye.
  • the preferred material is polytetrafluoroethylene, since this also ensures sealing against the cathode half-shell.
  • the lye space is defined by the frame 17, the partition 15 and the cathode 11.
  • a spacer 21 made of an alkali-resistant plastic, which sets a constant distance between the gas diffusion cathode 11 and the partition wall 15, for example a cation exchange membrane.
  • the partition 15 is sealed off from the anode shell 1 by means of a seal 16.
  • the half-shells can be connected to one another at the flanges by means of screws guided in bushings made of electrically insulating material (not shown). This makes the cell particularly easy to service and maintain. However, it is also possible to stack the individual parts of the cell one above the other and press them together in the manner of a filter press. In order to enable a better current transfer from cell to cell, the outer sides of both half-shell walls or just one half-shell wall can be provided with contact points or contact strips 20 made of an electrically conductive material. Finally, the cells assembled into an electrolysis apparatus are pressed together (not shown) via tie rods or other pressing devices. The power supplies are marked with plus and minus. The anode 3 can rest on the partition 15.
  • An electrolysis cell as described above was put into operation with a gas diffusion cathode based on colloidal silver and a titanium anode in such a way that the titanium anode came to lie over the gas diffusion cathode.
  • the active cathode surface, flushed with elemental oxygen, was 0.2 m 2 .
  • the cell was equipped with a cation exchange membrane of the type Nafion ° 90 209. At a current density of 3 ka / m 2 , the electrolysis cell operates with a cell voltage of 2.17 V, with 1550 kwh / t NaOH of electrical energy being consumed.
  • the cell is operated at 90 ° C with the stoichiometric amount of oxygen; 33% by weight sodium hydroxide solution is produced.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir d'une solution aqueuse de chlorure alcalin, qui comprend au moins une cellule d'électrolyse dont l'anode et la cathode à diffusion gazeuse sont disposées horizontalement, séparées l'une de l'autre par une paroi séparatrice, dans un boîtier formé de deux demi-coquilles, et sont reliées mécaniquement et électriquement aux demi-coquilles par leurs bords, le boîtier étant muni de dispositifs servant à acheminer les matières de départ de l'électrolyse et à évacuer les produits de l'électrolyse, la cathode (11) étant relisée à sa demi-coquille (8) par une liaison étanche aux liquides et reposant sur un dispositif d'amenée et de distribution du courant (10) qui est disposé entre la demi-coquille (8) et la cathode (11 ), la paroi séparatrice (15) étant serrée entre une garniture d'étanchéité périphérique (16) qui s'étend entre les bords des demi-coquilles (1, 8) et un cadre (17) disposé parallèlement à cette garniture, et s'appuyant, côté cathode, sur une entretoise (21) qui repose sur la cathode (11) et est retenue par le cadre (17), et le cadre (17) présente une arrivée et un départ (18, 19) pour le catholyte.
2. Appareil d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise, comme anode (3) une anode de titane qui est activée au moyen d'un oxyde ou d'un mélange d'oxydes des métaux du groupe VIII de la classification périodique.
3. Appareil d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cathode à diffusion gazeuse (11) est constituée par un collecteur de courant en toile de nickel qui est enduite d'un catalyseur poreux à l'argent colloïdal, précipité sur du polytétrafluor- éthylène, et présente une couche de recouvrement hydrophile sur le côté exposé à la lessive.
EP85113299A 1984-10-26 1985-10-19 Appareil d'électrolyse à électrodes disposées horizontalement Expired EP0182114B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85113299T ATE36177T1 (de) 1984-10-26 1985-10-19 Elektrolyseapparat mit horizontal angeordneten elektroden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843439265 DE3439265A1 (de) 1984-10-26 1984-10-26 Elektrolyseapparat mit horizontal angeordneten elektroden
DE3439265 1984-10-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182114A1 EP0182114A1 (fr) 1986-05-28
EP0182114B1 true EP0182114B1 (fr) 1988-08-03

Family

ID=6248844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113299A Expired EP0182114B1 (fr) 1984-10-26 1985-10-19 Appareil d'électrolyse à électrodes disposées horizontalement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4639303A (fr)
EP (1) EP0182114B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE36177T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1258443A (fr)
DE (2) DE3439265A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO165249C (fr)

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US4755272A (en) * 1986-05-02 1988-07-05 The Dow Chemical Company Bipolar electrochemical cell having novel means for electrically connecting anode and cathode of adjacent cell units
US4743350A (en) * 1986-08-04 1988-05-10 Olin Corporation Electrolytic cell
US4770756A (en) * 1987-07-27 1988-09-13 Olin Corporation Electrolytic cell apparatus
DE4208057C2 (de) * 1992-03-13 1993-12-23 Deutsche Aerospace Zellaufbau für Elektrolyseure und Brennstoffzellen
JP3236693B2 (ja) * 1993-02-18 2001-12-10 ペルメレック電極株式会社 ガス電極を使用する電解槽及び電解方法
DE4444114C2 (de) 1994-12-12 1997-01-23 Bayer Ag Elektrochemische Halbzelle mit Druckkompensation
DE19545332A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Karl Lohrberg Elektrolytzelle
US5728287A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-03-17 H2 O Technologies, Ltd. Method and apparatus for generating oxygenated water
US6171469B1 (en) 1996-10-31 2001-01-09 H2O Technologies, Ltd. Method and apparatus for increasing the oxygen content of water
US5911870A (en) * 1997-04-11 1999-06-15 H20 Technologies, Ltd. Housing and method that provide extended resident time for dissolving generated oxygen into water
DE69824204T2 (de) 1997-12-19 2005-06-23 The Queenstown Trust Wasserstoffofen mit sichtbaren flammen
US6296756B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2001-10-02 H20 Technologies, Ltd. Hand portable water purification system
DE19954247C2 (de) * 1999-11-11 2002-11-14 Wolfgang Strewe Elektrolysezelle mit Gasdiffusionselektrode für großtechnische Anlagen sowie Verwendungen der Elektrolysezelle
US20020168418A1 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-11-14 H20 Technologies, Ltd. Method and apparatus for treating water for use in improving the intestinal flora of livestock and poultry
US6358395B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2002-03-19 H20 Technologies Ltd. Under the counter water treatment system
DE10108452C2 (de) * 2001-02-22 2003-02-20 Karl Lohrberg Elektrolyseeinrichtung
DE10138214A1 (de) * 2001-08-03 2003-02-20 Bayer Ag Elektrolysezelle und Verfahren zur elektrochemischen Herstellung von Chlor
DE10143410A1 (de) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-27 Rossendorf Forschzent Biomaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE10152276A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Bayer Ag Elektrolysezellen-Halbelement zum Betrieb von Gasdiffusionselektroden mit Trennung der Funktionsräume
DE10152792A1 (de) * 2001-10-25 2003-05-08 Bayer Ag Methode zur Integration einer Gasdiffusionselektrode in einen elektrochemischen Reaktionsapparat
JP3924545B2 (ja) * 2003-03-31 2007-06-06 三井化学株式会社 ガス拡散電極の排電方法
DE102004028761A1 (de) 2004-06-16 2006-01-12 Uhdenora Technologies S.R.L. Elektrolysezelle mit optimierter Schalenkonstruktion und minimierter Membranfläche
DE102005003527A1 (de) * 2005-01-25 2006-07-27 Uhdenora S.P.A. Elektrolysezelle mit erweiterter aktiver Membranfläche
US20060264321A1 (en) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-23 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction
US7498286B2 (en) * 2005-05-23 2009-03-03 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
ITMI20060054A1 (it) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-17 Uhdenora Spa Distributore di corrente elastico per celle a percolatore
DE102006020374A1 (de) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 Uhdenora S.P.A. Mikrostrukturierter Isolierrahmen für Elektrolysezellen
DE102006028168A1 (de) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-20 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen Wasseraufbereitung
DE102011001536A1 (de) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Hagemann-Systems Gmbh Zu einem Stapel zusammengefasste Batteriezellen-Distanzplatten
US9406942B2 (en) * 2012-06-27 2016-08-02 Nissan North America, Inc. Electrocatalyst rotating disk electrode preparation apparatus
DK2957659T3 (da) * 2014-06-16 2019-05-06 Siemens Ag Gasdiffusionslag, PEM-elektrolysecelle med et sådant gasdiffusionslag samt elektrolysør

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3439265A1 (de) 1986-05-07
NO854272L (no) 1986-04-28
NO165249B (no) 1990-10-08
US4639303A (en) 1987-01-27
ATE36177T1 (de) 1988-08-15
NO165249C (no) 1991-01-16
CA1258443A (fr) 1989-08-15
DE3564136D1 (en) 1988-09-08
EP0182114A1 (fr) 1986-05-28

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