EP0180517B1 - Process and machine for covering the sides of a load with a plastic film - Google Patents

Process and machine for covering the sides of a load with a plastic film Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180517B1
EP0180517B1 EP85402068A EP85402068A EP0180517B1 EP 0180517 B1 EP0180517 B1 EP 0180517B1 EP 85402068 A EP85402068 A EP 85402068A EP 85402068 A EP85402068 A EP 85402068A EP 0180517 B1 EP0180517 B1 EP 0180517B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
load
strip
end portion
holding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402068A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0180517A1 (en
EP0180517B2 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Martin Cocher
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Newtec International SA
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Newtec International SA
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Application filed by Newtec International SA filed Critical Newtec International SA
Priority to AT85402068T priority Critical patent/ATE34714T1/en
Publication of EP0180517A1 publication Critical patent/EP0180517A1/en
Publication of EP0180517B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180517B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/04—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated
    • B65B11/045—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated by rotating platforms supporting the articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film.
  • a method and a machine are already known for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film coming from a film reel.
  • the load is placed on a support table; the initial free end portion of the film is maintained and associated with the load; a relative displacement of the load is carried out on the support table with respect to the film reel in order to place the film on the lateral faces of the load; the film is cut transversely; and the end free end portion of the film is secured to its middle part covering the load and a new initial free end part of the film is maintained.
  • a known machine comprises a horizontal load support table; means for supporting a film reel with at least substantially vertical axis; drive means suitable for carrying out a relative movement of the load with respect to the film strip coming from the reel, around a vertical axis; holding jaws of the initial free end part of the film, movable between a closed holding position and an open non-holding position; means for transversely cutting the film; and means for securing the terminal free end part of the film to its middle part covering the load.
  • the support table is pivotally mounted about a vertical axis and the film reel has an axis fixed.
  • the load support table is fixed and the axis of the coil is moved along a loop surrounding the table, for example circular.
  • a first embodiment corresponding to a process and to a semi-automatic machine consists in manually hanging the initial free end portion of the film to the load, in particular by tying it to the load support pallet. This first variant does not allow full automation of the process and the machine.
  • a second embodiment allowing this automation consists in applying the intial free end part of the film to the lateral face of the load, in the zone to be covered, by means of a retaining finger.
  • the finger is covered in the holding position with one or more layers of film, which thus makes it possible to maintain the initial free end portion of the film.
  • the finger is then retracted below the support table by sliding it between the two layers of film where it was previously placed.
  • a third variant also allowing automatic operation, consists in maintaining the initial free end part of the film in the immediate vicinity of the lateral face of the load in the area to be covered, by means of a holding clamp.
  • This clamp is also covered with one or more layers of film, which makes it possible to maintain the initial free end part. We then retract the clamp by rotating and sliding between the two layers of film where it was previously located.
  • a single holding clamp is provided, generally associated with the support table.
  • two clamps are provided, associated, on the one hand, with the support table and, on the other hand, with a presser applied to the upper horizontal end face of the load.
  • a second clamp is also provided, separate from the holding clamp, for the cross section of the film.
  • This cutting pliers also includes a brush for applying the terminal free end part of the film to its terminal middle part.
  • the initial free end part of the film is associated with the load because it is trapped and maintained by the middle part of the film overlapping and itself clamping the load as a result of the stretching to which it is subject.
  • the initial free end part of the film is kept outside the zone where the charge is covered with the film strip. It follows that the holding jaws do not interfere with the film strip overlapping, which avoids covering the holding jaws with the film strip, therefore retracting these holding jaws by sliding between two layers of successive films. It follows that the film is not likely to be damaged by such sliding, that the stretching of the film may be greater since it does not risk preventing the retraction of the holding jaws.
  • a claw carried by a first arm pivotally mounted on a second vertically sliding arm with which a presser is associated.
  • This claw pulls the film from the reel to pass it under the presser away from the upper face of the stack, through a passage.
  • the presser ensures the association of the film with the stack.
  • the claw is not carried directly by the presser and is therefore not subject to its movement.
  • the claw remains fixed during the wrapping while the presser pivots.
  • the claw is associated with a separate and complementary holding device.
  • the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, it provides a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film coming from a film reel, of the type previously mentioned.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that in order to associate the initial free end part of the film with the load, the latter is applied astride a first corner of the load. This application is made while the film is kept under tension or pre-stretched. This application is such that a local plastic deformation of the film is carried out.
  • a machine according to the invention is characterized in that in combination the holding jaws are carried on a pressure plate above the upper end face of the load, said presser being carried by an axis mounted on an arm and pivotally pivotable about an axis and in the closed holding position, the holding jaws extend in a direction inclined orthogonal to the axis of the film reel and are offset with respect to to the area to be covered with the load reference side face.
  • the holding jaws being preferably placed in the high position, associated with the presser, they are not likely to be damaged by the load or to interfere with it during its movement. In the same way, it is possible to provide a support table whose level is lowered.
  • the high position of the holding jaws allows the initial free end portion of the film to be attached to a first corner of the load.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine according to the invention in the initial starting position.
  • Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are eight schematic views, in perspective, partial, illustrating eight subsequent steps of the method according to the invention.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 of a load 2 with a strip of plastic film 3 coming from a reel 4.
  • a machine for implementing the method comprises a frame 5 comprising a sole 5a and a column 5b; a horizontal table 6 load support 2, support means 7 of the film reel 4 whose axis 8 is at least substantially vertical; drive means (not shown) capable of carrying out a relative movement of the load with respect to the film strip 3 coming from the reel 4 around a vertical axis 9; a holding clamp 10 of the initial free end portion 3a of the film strip 3, consisting of two jaws 10b, 10c movable about an axis 10a between a closed holding position ( Figures 1 to 4 and 8) and a position non-holding open (FIGS. 5 to 7): means for cross-cutting 11 of the film strip 3; means for securing the end free end portion 3c of the film strip 3 to its middle portion 3b covering the lateral faces of the load 2.
  • the drive means are such that the table 6 is pivotally movable about the axis 9 and that the axis 8 of the coil remains fixed, near the column 5b.
  • the invention also applies to the case of a fixed table 6 and a film reel 4 whose axis 8 rotates around table 6.
  • a helical wrapping is produced.
  • the invention also applies to the case of the removal of a strip.
  • the film used is preferably a stretch film and the machine may include a pre-stretching device, not shown.
  • the different parts of the film strip 3 are designated as follows: the initial free end part 3a divided into an upstream section 3a-b on the side of the free end 3a-a and into a downstream section 3a- vs; a middle part 3b adjoining the initial free end part 3a and a terminal free end part 3c; the middle part 3b being itself divided into an initial middle part 3b-a, a central middle part 3b-b, a terminal middle part 3b-c; a waiting part 3d, placed between the load 2 or the holding jaws 10 and the coil 4; a part wound 3rd on the reel 4.
  • the load 2 is a load carried by a pallet 2a and it comprises, in addition to its lateral faces 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, two end faces, respectively upper 13a and lower 13b, the latter resting on palette 2a.
  • the machine comprises a presser 14 carried by a pin 15 mounted on an arm 16 supported by the column 5b at its upper part.
  • the presser 14 is applied to the upper end face 13a of the load 2. It is pivotally mounted to pivot about the axis 9.
  • the load 2 is placed on the support table 6; maintaining the initial free end portion 3a of the film and associating it with the load 2; a relative movement of the load 2 is carried out on the support table 6 relative to the film reel 4 in order to place the film on the lateral faces of the load 2; the film strip 3 is cut transversely; the end free end portion 3c of the film strip is secured to its middle part 3b covering the load 2 and a new initial free end part of the film is maintained.
  • the latter is applied astride a first corner 17a of the load 2 (FIG. 2).
  • the median zone of the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the first point 17a.
  • This application is such that a local plastic deformation of the film is obtained, in fact, the film is applied to the first corner 17a which is projecting and more or less pointed at its end.
  • the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the load 2, in particular the first corner 17a, while the wire strip 3 is kept under pre-stretched tension.
  • the initial middle part 3b-a of the film strip is applied to at least one additional corner 17b of the load.
  • the initial middle part 3b-a is applied to the three other successive corners 17b, 17c, 17d of the load 2.
  • downstream section 3a-c of the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the first corner 17a.
  • the initial free end part 3a is twisted, in particular the upstream section 3a-b before applying it to the load 2, in particular by approximately 90 °.
  • the initial free end portion 3a of the film strip 3 is therefore applied partly to the end face 13a of the load, partly to these lateral faces 1a, 1b.
  • the upstream section 3a-b is left free. Subsequently, it is covered with the middle part 3b. To this end, the retaining clip 10 is partially opened and the film jaw 3a-b is folded down by the internal jaw 10c onto the first layer of film trapping the corners 17d and 17a.
  • the maintenance of the initial free end portion 3a is stopped after at least half a turn of the support table 6. In practice, it is preferred to stop the maintenance of the initial free end portion 3a after approximately one turn of the table 6.
  • the initial free end 3a-a is kept axially offset with respect to the film reel 4. Also, at least initially, the free end 3a-a is kept inclined - in particular at least substantially orthogonally - with respect to to the axis 8 of the film reel 4.
  • the initial free end 3a-a is kept offset with respect to the zone to be covered from the reference lateral face of the load, that is to say the face from which the maintenance of the movie.
  • the initial free end 3a-a is maintained at least substantially parallel to or slightly inclined relative to the edge 18a defined by the side face 1a and the end face 13a.
  • the initial free end 3a-a is maintained above the upper end face 13b.
  • the first corner 17a is preferably an upper corner of the load 2.
  • a double helical wrapping is applied. This comprises a first descending interior helical wrapping, then a second exterior ascending helical wrapping.
  • the initial free end part 3a of the film strip 3 is associated with the load 2 because the first projecting corner 17a sufficiently deforms the film, which is stretched and twisted so that the film is pressed against the first corner 17a and cannot be released therefrom.
  • the holding jaws 10 are, at least in the closed holding position, axially offset with respect to the film reel 4. In this position, the holding jaws 10 extend in an inclined direction - at least substantially orthogonally - relative to the axis 8 of the coil 4.
  • the holding jaws 10 are at least partially offset axially with respect to the film reel 4.
  • the holding jaws 10 are released from the film so that the film strip 3 does not come to substantially cover the jaws 10.
  • the jaws 10 are offset with respect to the area to be covered with the reference lateral face 1 a so as not to be located facing it.
  • the jaws 10 extend in a direction at least substantially parallel to or slightly inclined relative to the stop 18a. Consequently, the holding jaws 10 in the closed position extend in a direction at least substantially parallel or slightly inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the film strip 3 covering the load.
  • the holding jaws 10, in the closed position, on the one hand, are offset with respect to the reference lateral face 1a and, on the other hand, extend at least substantially parallel and near a face of end 13a.
  • the jaws 10, in the closed position extend in an at least substantially horizontal direction and above the upper end face 13a. This is why the holding jaws 10 are preferably carried by the presser 14.
  • the articulation axis 10a of the holding jaws 10 is located on the side which deviates from the coil 4.
  • the holding jaws 10 are associated, on the one hand, with first drive means allowing the jaws to be opened and closed, and, on the other hand, with second drive means, separate or not from the first means of drive, allowing the jaws to pivot together around their articulation axis 10a.
  • the drive means are housed in a casing placed on the upper face of the presser 14.
  • the first and second drive means are constituted by electric, pneumatic or other motors.
  • the cross-cutting means 11, on the one hand, and the means for securing the film 12, on the other hand, are preferably carried by the holding jaws 10. This is made possible even with a larger size of the holding jaws 10, since these do not have to be housed between two successive layers of the film strip 3.
  • the cross-cutting means consist of teeth carried by one of the jaws, cooperating with an opposite recess carried by the other jaw.
  • the means for securing the film 12 comprise means for applying the film to itself (variant shown) such as a flap, fringes, a roller or electric or magnetic control heat sealing means.
  • the support means 7 of the film reel 4 remaining fixed, the table 6 is rotated about the axis 9, thanks to the drive means, the jaws 10 remaining closed and the pre-stretching device used.
  • the upstream section 3a-b of the film strip 3 extends between the jaws 10 and the first corner 17a with which the strip 3 interferes. This interference necessarily occurs, due to the offset existing between the jaws 10 and the coil 4.
  • the upstream section 3a-b is twisted, which promotes the maintenance of the film on the load 2.
  • the upstream section 3a-b is a sufficient length so that the first corner 17a is sufficiently spaced from the free end 3a-a. This is why the axis 10a is preferably placed in the vicinity of an angle of the presser 14.
  • the first corner 17a interfering with the film strip 3 deforms it locally, the film being firmly applied to the load 2 around from corner 17a (figure 2).
  • the downstream section 3a-c and the initial middle part 3b-a are covered.
  • the holding jaws 10 are then opened to release the free end 3a-a, therefore the initial free end part 3a.
  • the upstream section 3a-b not yet covered by the film strip trapping the corners 1 7-d 1 7a is folded over the first layer, and this by means of the inner jaw 1 Oc, the clamp 10 being partially open.
  • the outer jaw 1 Ob is held vertically and downwards, while the inner jaw 1 Oc is pivoted upwards, horizontally.
  • the overall movement of the jaw 10 down makes it possible to bring down an upstream section 3a-b (FIG. 5).
  • the clamp 10 is immediately closed in a horizontal position.
  • the wrapping continues, the support means 7 of the coil 4 being displaced in axial sliding along the column 5b.
  • the film reel 4 is again in its original position and the jaws 1 Od-c placed on either side of the film strip 3. They are then closed. They are placed vertically (FIG. 7) ensuring the cutting of the film on the load side and the holding on the reel side 4.
  • the end free end portion 3c of the film can be applied to the middle part 3b in order to secure the connection (self-adhesive film by example). This is optionally carried out by additional heat-sealing members 19- or other means of attachment (non-sticky film).

Abstract

1. A method for covering the lateral faces (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) of a load (2) with a strip of plastics film from a film roll (4) in which the load (2) is placed on a supporting table (6) ; the front free end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is held and associated with the load (2) ; the load is displaced relatively on the support table (6) with respect to the film roll (4) in order to place the strip of film (3) on the lateral faces of the load (2) ; the strip of film (3) is out transversely and the free outermost end portion (36) of the film is joined to its median portion (3b) covering the load and a new free front end portion of film (3a) is held, characterized in that in order to associate the free front end portion of the film (3a) with the load, the film is applied so as to straddle a first corner (17a) of the load, until local plastic deformation of the film is obtained.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et une machine pour recouvrir les faces latérales d'une charge avec une bande de film en matière plastique.The invention relates to a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film.

On connaît déjà un procédé et une machine pour recouvrir les faces latérales d'une charge avec une bande de film en matière plastique provenant d'une bobine de film.A method and a machine are already known for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film coming from a film reel.

Dans ce procédé connu, on place la charge sur une table support; on maintient la partie extrême libre initiale du film et on l'associe à la charge; on effectue un déplacement relatif de la charge sur la table support par rapport à la bobinedefilm afin de poser le film sur les faces latérales de la charge; on coupe transversalement le film; et on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale du film à sa partie médiane recouvrant la charge et on maintient une nouvelle partie extrême libre initiale de film.In this known method, the load is placed on a support table; the initial free end portion of the film is maintained and associated with the load; a relative displacement of the load is carried out on the support table with respect to the film reel in order to place the film on the lateral faces of the load; the film is cut transversely; and the end free end portion of the film is secured to its middle part covering the load and a new initial free end part of the film is maintained.

Une machine connue comprend une table horizontale support de charge; des moyens support d'une bobine de film à axe au moins sensiblement vertical; des moyens d'entraînement propres à réaliser un mouvement relatif de la charge par rapport à la bande de film provenant de la bobine, autour d'un axe vertical; des mors de maintien de la partie extrême libre initiale du film, mobile entre une position fermée de maintien et une position ouverte de non maintien; des moyens de coupe transversale du film; et des moyens pour solidariser la partie extrême libre terminale du film à sa partie médiane recouvrant la charge.A known machine comprises a horizontal load support table; means for supporting a film reel with at least substantially vertical axis; drive means suitable for carrying out a relative movement of the load with respect to the film strip coming from the reel, around a vertical axis; holding jaws of the initial free end part of the film, movable between a closed holding position and an open non-holding position; means for transversely cutting the film; and means for securing the terminal free end part of the film to its middle part covering the load.

On connaît deux variantes principales de réalisation du déplacement relatif de la charge sur la table support par rapport à la bobine de film: dans une première variante, la table support est montée pivotante autour d'un axe vertical et la bobine de film a un axe fixe. Dans une seconde variante, la table support de charge est fixe et l'axe de la bobine est déplacé le long d'une boucle entourant la table, par exemple circulaire.There are two main variants of the relative displacement of the load on the support table relative to the film reel: in a first variant, the support table is pivotally mounted about a vertical axis and the film reel has an axis fixed. In a second variant, the load support table is fixed and the axis of the coil is moved along a loop surrounding the table, for example circular.

On connaît également plusieurs variantes en ce qui concerne le recouvrement des faces latérales de la charge: pose d'un simple bandeau, banderolage droit (la largeur de la bande de film correspondant à la hauteur de la charge), banderolage hélicoïdal.Several variants are also known with regard to the covering of the lateral faces of the load: fitting a simple strip, straight wrapping (the width of the film strip corresponding to the height of the load), helical wrapping.

On connaît enfin plusieurs variantes de réalisation de l'association de la partie extrême libre initiale du film à la charge: une première variante de réalisation correspondant à un procédé et à une machine semi- automatique consiste à accrocher manuellement la partie extrême libre initiale du film à la charge, en particulier en nouant celle-ci à la palette support de charge. Cette première variante ne permet pas l'automatisation intégrale du procédé et de la machine.Finally, several embodiments are known of the association of the initial free end portion of the film with the load: a first embodiment corresponding to a process and to a semi-automatic machine consists in manually hanging the initial free end portion of the film to the load, in particular by tying it to the load support pallet. This first variant does not allow full automation of the process and the machine.

Une deuxième variante de réalisation permettant cette automatisation consiste à appliquer la partie extrême libre intiale du film sur la face latérale de la charge, dans la zone à recouvrir, grâce à un doigt de maintien. On recouvre le doigt en position de maintien avec une ou plusieurs couches de film, ce qui permet ainsi de maintenir la partie extrême libre initiale du film. On escamote alors le doigt au-dessous de la table support en la faisant coulisser entre les deux couches de film où il se trouvait précédemment placé.A second embodiment allowing this automation consists in applying the intial free end part of the film to the lateral face of the load, in the zone to be covered, by means of a retaining finger. The finger is covered in the holding position with one or more layers of film, which thus makes it possible to maintain the initial free end portion of the film. The finger is then retracted below the support table by sliding it between the two layers of film where it was previously placed.

Une trosième variante, permettant égalment un fonctionnement automatique, consiste à maintenir la partie extrême libre initiale du film à proximité immédiate de la face latérale de la charge dans la zone à recouvrir, grâce à une pince de maintien. On recouvre également cette pince avec une ou plusieurs couches de film ce qui permet de maintenir la partie extrême libre initiale. On escamote alors la pince en la faisant pivoter et glisser entre les deux couches de film où elle était précédemment située. Dans le cas d'un banderolage hélicoïdal, il est prévu une pince de maintien unique, généralment associée à la table support. Dans le cas d'un banderolage droit, il est prévu deux pinces de maintien associées, d'une part, à la table support et, d'autre part, à un presseur appliqué sur la face d'extrémité horizontale supérieure de la charge. Dans cette troisième variante, il est également prévu une seconde pince distincte de la pince de maintien, pour la coupe transversale du film. Cette pince de coupe comporte également une brosse d'application de la partie extrême libre terminale du film sur sa partie médiane terminale.A third variant, also allowing automatic operation, consists in maintaining the initial free end part of the film in the immediate vicinity of the lateral face of the load in the area to be covered, by means of a holding clamp. This clamp is also covered with one or more layers of film, which makes it possible to maintain the initial free end part. We then retract the clamp by rotating and sliding between the two layers of film where it was previously located. In the case of a helical wrapping, a single holding clamp is provided, generally associated with the support table. In the case of a straight wrapping, two clamps are provided, associated, on the one hand, with the support table and, on the other hand, with a presser applied to the upper horizontal end face of the load. In this third variant, a second clamp is also provided, separate from the holding clamp, for the cross section of the film. This cutting pliers also includes a brush for applying the terminal free end part of the film to its terminal middle part.

Ainsi, dans les deuxième et troisième variantes, la partie extrême libre initiale du film est associée à la charge parce que emprisonnée et maintenue par la partie médiane du film venant en recouvrement et elle-même serrant la charge par suite de l'étirage auquel elle est soumise. Ces deux dernières variantes permettent un fonctionnement automatique mais présentent, cependant, un certain nombre de limites: le doigt ou la pince de maintien associé à la table support risque d'être endommagé par les charges au moment de leur amenée ou de leur évacuation; il occupe un encombrement appréciable pouvant conduire à surélever la table; étant placé en position inférieure il peut voir son fonctionnement affecté par ce qui peut tomber de la charge (par exemple dans le cas d'une charge friable). L'escamotage nécessaire du doigt ou de la pince par coulissement peut endommager le film et n'est possible que si le degré de serrage de celui-ci n'est pas trop important alors même que ce degré de serrage est précisément recherché, d'une part, pour le maintien efficace de la partie extrême libre du film et, d'autre part, pour la cohésion de la charge.Thus, in the second and third variants, the initial free end part of the film is associated with the load because it is trapped and maintained by the middle part of the film overlapping and itself clamping the load as a result of the stretching to which it is subject. These last two variants allow automatic operation but have, however, a certain number of limits: the finger or the holding clip associated with the support table risks being damaged by the loads when they are brought in or removed; it occupies an appreciable bulk which can lead to raising the table; being placed in the lower position it can see its functioning affected by what can fall from the load (for example in the case of a friable load). The necessary retraction of the finger or the clamp by sliding can damage the film and is only possible if the degree of tightening thereof is not too great even though this degree of tightening is precisely sought, on the one hand, for the effective maintenance of the extreme free part of the film and, on the other hand, for the cohesion of the load.

Une quatrième variante est illustrée par le document US 4 216 640 qui décrit une machine suivant le préambule de la revendication 12, dans laquelle les mors de maintien sont associés à la table tournante, cette machine étant cependant dépourvue de presseur.A fourth variant is illustrated by document US 4,216,640 which describes a machine according to the preamble of claim 12, in which the holding jaws are associated with the rotary table, this machine being however without presser.

Dans cette variante, la partie extrême libre initiale du film est maintenue en dehors de la zone où est effectué le recouvrement de la charge avec la bande de film. Il s'ensuit que les mors de maintien n'interfèrent pas avec la bande de film venant en recouvrement, ce qui évite de recouvrir les mors de maintien avec la bande de film, donc à escamoter ces mors de maintien par glissement entre deux couches de film successives. Il s'ensuit que le film ne risque pas d'être endommagé par un tel coulissement, que l'étirage du film peut être plus important puisqu'il ne risque pas d'empêcher l'escamotage des mors de maintien.In this variant, the initial free end part of the film is kept outside the zone where the charge is covered with the film strip. It follows that the holding jaws do not interfere with the film strip overlapping, which avoids covering the holding jaws with the film strip, therefore retracting these holding jaws by sliding between two layers of successive films. It follows that the film is not likely to be damaged by such sliding, that the stretching of the film may be greater since it does not risk preventing the retraction of the holding jaws.

Dans une cinquième variante (document DE 3 232 029), il est prévu une griffe portée par un premier bras monté pivotant sur un second bras coulissant verticalment auquel est associé un presseur. Cette griffe tire le film depuis la bobine pour le faire passer sous le presseur écarté de la face supérieure de la pile, à travers un passage. Le presseur assure l'association du film à la pile. Selon ce document, la griffe n'est pas portée directement par le presseur et n'est donc pas asservie à son mouvement. La griffe reste fixe pendant le banderolage alors que le presseur pivote. A la griffe est associé un dispositif distinct et complémentaire de maintien.In a fifth variant (document DE 3,232,029), there is provided a claw carried by a first arm pivotally mounted on a second vertically sliding arm with which a presser is associated. This claw pulls the film from the reel to pass it under the presser away from the upper face of the stack, through a passage. The presser ensures the association of the film with the stack. According to this document, the claw is not carried directly by the presser and is therefore not subject to its movement. The claw remains fixed during the wrapping while the presser pivots. The claw is associated with a separate and complementary holding device.

L'invention vise donc à remédier à ces inconvénients et, à cet effet, elle propose un procédé et une machine pour recouvrir les faces latérales d'une charge avec une bande de film en matière plastique provenant d'une bobine de film, du type mentionné précédemment.The invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, it provides a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces of a load with a strip of plastic film coming from a film reel, of the type previously mentioned.

Le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que pour associer la partie extrême libre initiale du film à la charge, on applique celui-ci à cheval sur un premier coin de la charge. Cette application est faite alors que le film est maintenu sous tension ou pré-étiré. Cette application est telle qu'on réalise une déformation plastique locale du film.The method according to the invention is characterized in that in order to associate the initial free end part of the film with the load, the latter is applied astride a first corner of the load. This application is made while the film is kept under tension or pre-stretched. This application is such that a local plastic deformation of the film is carried out.

Une machine selon l'invention, du type précédemment mentionné, est caractérisée par le fait qu'en combinaison les mors de maintien sont portés sur un plateau presseur au-dessus de la face d'extrémité supérieure de la charge, ledit presseur étant porté par un axe monté sur un bras et mobile à pivotement autour d'un axe et en position fermée de maintien, les mors de maintien s'étendent dans une direction inclinée orthogonalment par rapport à l'axe de la bobine de film et sont décalés par rapport à la zone à recouvrir de la face latérale de référence de la charge.A machine according to the invention, of the type previously mentioned, is characterized in that in combination the holding jaws are carried on a pressure plate above the upper end face of the load, said presser being carried by an axis mounted on an arm and pivotally pivotable about an axis and in the closed holding position, the holding jaws extend in a direction inclined orthogonal to the axis of the film reel and are offset with respect to to the area to be covered with the load reference side face.

Selon l'invention les mors de maintien étant placés préférentiellement en position haute, associés au presseur, ils ne risquent pas d'être endommagés par la charge ni d'interférer avec celle-ci lors de son déplacement. De la même manière, il est possible de prévoir une table support dont le niveau est abaissé. La position haute des mors de maintien permet l'accrochage de la partie extrême libre initiale du film sur un premier coin de la charge. Ces avantages sont obtenus tout en permettant une grande polyvalence d'emploi.According to the invention, the holding jaws being preferably placed in the high position, associated with the presser, they are not likely to be damaged by the load or to interfere with it during its movement. In the same way, it is possible to provide a support table whose level is lowered. The high position of the holding jaws allows the initial free end portion of the film to be attached to a first corner of the load. These advantages are obtained while allowing great versatility of use.

Les autres caractéristiques de l'invention seront bien comprises grâce à la description qui suivra en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:The other characteristics of the invention will be clearly understood thanks to the description which follows with reference to the appended drawings in which:

La figure 1 est une vue schématique, en perspective, d'une machine selon l'invention en position initiale de départ.Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine according to the invention in the initial starting position.

Les figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 sont huit vues schématiques, en perspective, partielles, illustrant huit étapes ultérieures du procédé selon l'invention.Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are eight schematic views, in perspective, partial, illustrating eight subsequent steps of the method according to the invention.

L'invention concerne donc un procédé et une machine pour recouvrir les faces latérales 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d'une charge 2 avec une bande de film 3 en matière plastique provenant d'une bobine 4.The invention therefore relates to a method and a machine for covering the lateral faces 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 of a load 2 with a strip of plastic film 3 coming from a reel 4.

Une machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé comporte un bâti 5 comprenant une semelle 5a et une colonne 5b; une table horizontale 6 support de charge 2, des moyens support 7 de la bobine de film 4 dont l'axe 8 est au moins sensiblement vertical; des moyens d'entraînement non représentés propres à réaliser un mouvement relatif de la charge par rapport à la bande de film 3 provenant de la bobine 4 autour d'un axe vertical 9; une pince de maintien 10 de la partie extrême libre initiale 3a de la bande de film 3, constituée de deux mors 10b, 10c mobile autour d'un axe 10a entre une position fermée de maintien (figures 1 à 4 et 8) et une position ouverte de non maintien (figures 5 à 7): des moyens de coupe transversale 11 de la bande de film 3; des moyens pour solidariser 12 la partie extrême libre terminale 3c de la bande de film 3 à sa partie médiane 3b recouvrant les faces latérales de la charge 2.A machine for implementing the method comprises a frame 5 comprising a sole 5a and a column 5b; a horizontal table 6 load support 2, support means 7 of the film reel 4 whose axis 8 is at least substantially vertical; drive means (not shown) capable of carrying out a relative movement of the load with respect to the film strip 3 coming from the reel 4 around a vertical axis 9; a holding clamp 10 of the initial free end portion 3a of the film strip 3, consisting of two jaws 10b, 10c movable about an axis 10a between a closed holding position (Figures 1 to 4 and 8) and a position non-holding open (FIGS. 5 to 7): means for cross-cutting 11 of the film strip 3; means for securing the end free end portion 3c of the film strip 3 to its middle portion 3b covering the lateral faces of the load 2.

Dans la forme d'exécution représentée, les moyens d'entraînement sont tels que la table 6 soit mobile à pivotement autour de l'axe 9 et que l'axe 8 de la bobine reste fixe, à proximité de la colonne 5b. Toutefois, l'invention s'applique également au cas d'une table 6 fixe et d'une bobine de film 4 dont l'axe 8 tourne autour de la table 6.In the embodiment shown, the drive means are such that the table 6 is pivotally movable about the axis 9 and that the axis 8 of the coil remains fixed, near the column 5b. However, the invention also applies to the case of a fixed table 6 and a film reel 4 whose axis 8 rotates around table 6.

Dans la forme de réalisation représentée, il est réalisé un banderolage hélicoïdal. Cependant, l'invention s'applique également au cas de la dépose d'un bandeau.In the embodiment shown, a helical wrapping is produced. However, the invention also applies to the case of the removal of a strip.

Le film utilisé est préférentiellement un film étirable et la machine peut comporter un dispositif de préétirage non représenté.The film used is preferably a stretch film and the machine may include a pre-stretching device, not shown.

Par convention, on désigne de la manière suivante les différentes parties de la bande de film 3: la partie extrême libre initiale 3a partagée en un tronçon amont 3a-b du côté de l'extrémité libre 3a-a et en un tronçon aval 3a-c; une partie médiane 3b attenante à la partie extrême libre initiale 3a et à une partie extrême libre terminale 3c; la partie médiane 3b étant elle-même partagée en une partie médiane initiale 3b-a, une partie médiane centrale 3b-b, une partie médiane terminale 3b-c; une partie en attente 3d, placée entre la charge 2 ou les mors de maintien 10 et la bobine 4; une partie enroulée 3e sur la bobine 4.By convention, the different parts of the film strip 3 are designated as follows: the initial free end part 3a divided into an upstream section 3a-b on the side of the free end 3a-a and into a downstream section 3a- vs; a middle part 3b adjoining the initial free end part 3a and a terminal free end part 3c; the middle part 3b being itself divided into an initial middle part 3b-a, a central middle part 3b-b, a terminal middle part 3b-c; a waiting part 3d, placed between the load 2 or the holding jaws 10 and the coil 4; a part wound 3rd on the reel 4.

Préférentiellement, la charge 2 est une charge portée par une palette 2a et elle comporte, outre ses faces latérales 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d, deux faces d'extrémité, respectivement supérieure 13a et inférieure 13b, cette dernière reposant sur la palette 2a.Preferably, the load 2 is a load carried by a pallet 2a and it comprises, in addition to its lateral faces 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, two end faces, respectively upper 13a and lower 13b, the latter resting on palette 2a.

Enfin, préférentiellement, la machine comporté un presseur 14 porté par un axe 15 monté sur un bras 16 supporté par la colonne 5b à sa partie supérieure. Le presseur 14 est appliqué sur la face d'extrémité supérieure 13a de la charge 2. Il est monté mobile à pivotement autour de l'axe 9.Finally, preferably, the machine comprises a presser 14 carried by a pin 15 mounted on an arm 16 supported by the column 5b at its upper part. The presser 14 is applied to the upper end face 13a of the load 2. It is pivotally mounted to pivot about the axis 9.

Dans le procédé, on place la charge 2 sur la table support 6; on maintien la partie extrême libre initial 3a du film et on l'associe à la charge 2; on effectue un déplacement relatif de la charge 2 sur la table support 6 par rapport à la bobine de film 4 afin de poser le film sur les faces latérales de la charge 2; on coupe trans- versalment la bande de film 3; on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale 3c de la bande de film à sa partie médiane 3b recouvrant la charge 2 et on maintient une nouvelle partie extrême libre initiale de film.In the process, the load 2 is placed on the support table 6; maintaining the initial free end portion 3a of the film and associating it with the load 2; a relative movement of the load 2 is carried out on the support table 6 relative to the film reel 4 in order to place the film on the lateral faces of the load 2; the film strip 3 is cut transversely; the end free end portion 3c of the film strip is secured to its middle part 3b covering the load 2 and a new initial free end part of the film is maintained.

Selon l'invention, pour associer la partie extrême libre initiale 3a de la bande de film 3 à la charge 2, on applique celle-ci à cheval sur un premier coin 17a de la charge 2 (figure 2).According to the invention, to associate the initial free end portion 3a of the film strip 3 with the load 2, the latter is applied astride a first corner 17a of the load 2 (FIG. 2).

Plus précisément, on applique la zone médiane de la partie extrême libre initiale 3a sur le premier point 17a. Cette application est telle que l'on obtient une déformation plastique locale du film, en effet, celui-ci est appliqué sur le premier coin 17a qui est en saillie et plus ou moins pointu à son extrémité.More precisely, the median zone of the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the first point 17a. This application is such that a local plastic deformation of the film is obtained, in fact, the film is applied to the first corner 17a which is projecting and more or less pointed at its end.

Préférentiellement, on applique la partie extrême libre initiale 3a sur la charge 2, notamment le premier coin 17a, alors que la bande de fil 3 est maintenue sous tension préétirée.Preferably, the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the load 2, in particular the first corner 17a, while the wire strip 3 is kept under pre-stretched tension.

Egalement, on applique la partie médiane initiale 3b-a de la bande de film sur au moins un coin supplémentaire 17b de la charge. Dans la forme de réalisation représentée, on applique la partie médiane initiale 3b-a sur les trois autres coins successifs 17b, 17c, 17d de la charge 2.Also, the initial middle part 3b-a of the film strip is applied to at least one additional corner 17b of the load. In the embodiment shown, the initial middle part 3b-a is applied to the three other successive corners 17b, 17c, 17d of the load 2.

Plus précisément, on applique sur le premier coin 17a le tronçon aval 3a-c de la partie extrême libre initiale 3a. Et, on vrille la partie extrême libre initiale 3a, notamment le tronçon amont 3a-b avant que de l'appliquer sur la charge 2, notamment de 90° environ.More precisely, the downstream section 3a-c of the initial free end portion 3a is applied to the first corner 17a. And, the initial free end part 3a is twisted, in particular the upstream section 3a-b before applying it to the load 2, in particular by approximately 90 °.

On applique donc la partie extrême libre initiale 3a de la bande de film 3 pour partie sur la face d'extrémité 13a de la charge, pour partie sur ces faces latérales 1 a, 1 b.The initial free end portion 3a of the film strip 3 is therefore applied partly to the end face 13a of the load, partly to these lateral faces 1a, 1b.

Une fois la bande de film 3 associée à la charge 2, on laisse libre le tronçon amont 3a-b. Ultérieurement, on le recouvre avec la partie médiane 3b. A cet effet, on ouvre la pince de maintien 10 partiellement et ainsi on rabat par le mors intérieur 10c le tonçon de film 3a-b sur la première couche de film emprisonnant les coins 17d et 17a. On cesse le maintien de la partie extrême libre initiale 3a après au moins un demi-tour de la table support 6. En pratique, on préfère cesser le maintien de la partie extrême libre initiale 3a après un tour environ de la table 6.Once the film strip 3 associated with the load 2, the upstream section 3a-b is left free. Subsequently, it is covered with the middle part 3b. To this end, the retaining clip 10 is partially opened and the film jaw 3a-b is folded down by the internal jaw 10c onto the first layer of film trapping the corners 17d and 17a. The maintenance of the initial free end portion 3a is stopped after at least half a turn of the support table 6. In practice, it is preferred to stop the maintenance of the initial free end portion 3a after approximately one turn of the table 6.

Au moins initialment, on maintient l'extrémité libre initiale 3a-a décalée axialement par rapport à la bobine de film 4. Egalement, au moins initialement, on maintient l'extrémité libre 3a-a inclinée - notamment au moins sensiblement orthogonalement - par rapport à l'axe 8 de la bobine de film 4.At least initially, the initial free end 3a-a is kept axially offset with respect to the film reel 4. Also, at least initially, the free end 3a-a is kept inclined - in particular at least substantially orthogonally - with respect to to the axis 8 of the film reel 4.

Au moins initialement, on maintient l'extrémité libre initiale 3a-a décalée par rapport à la zone à recouvrir de la face latérale de référence de la charge, c'est-à-dire la face à partir de laquelle on réalise le maintien du film.At least initially, the initial free end 3a-a is kept offset with respect to the zone to be covered from the reference lateral face of the load, that is to say the face from which the maintenance of the movie.

Au moins initialement, on maintient l'extrémité libre initiale 3a-a au moins sensiblement parallèle à ou faiblement inclinée par rapport à l'arrête 18a définie par la face latérale 1 a et la face d'extrémité 13a.At least initially, the initial free end 3a-a is maintained at least substantially parallel to or slightly inclined relative to the edge 18a defined by the side face 1a and the end face 13a.

Au moins intialement, on maintient l'extrémité libre initiale 3a-a au-dessus de la face d'extrémité supérieure 13b.At least initially, the initial free end 3a-a is maintained above the upper end face 13b.

Par conséquent, le premier coin 17a est préférentiellement un coin supérieur de la charge 2.Consequently, the first corner 17a is preferably an upper corner of the load 2.

Dans une première variante, on réalise la pose d'un bandeau de film comprenant une spire à une ou plusieurs couches. Dans une seconde variante, on réalise la pose d'un double banderolage hélicoïdal. Celui-ci comporte un premier banderolage hélicoïdal intérieur descendant, puis un second banderolage hélicoïdal extérieur ascendant.In a first variant, the installation of a film strip comprising a turn with one or more layers is carried out. In a second variant, a double helical wrapping is applied. This comprises a first descending interior helical wrapping, then a second exterior ascending helical wrapping.

Ainsi que cela résulte de la description qui précède, la partie extrême libre initiale 3a de la bande de film 3 est associée à la charge 2 parce que le premier coin 17a en saillie déforme suffisamment le film, qui est étiré et vrillé de sorte que le film est plaqué contre le premier coin 17a et ne peut s'en dégager.As follows from the above description, the initial free end part 3a of the film strip 3 is associated with the load 2 because the first projecting corner 17a sufficiently deforms the film, which is stretched and twisted so that the film is pressed against the first corner 17a and cannot be released therefrom.

Selon une caractéristique de la machine, les mors de maintien 10 sont, au moins en position fermée de maintien, décalés axialment par rapport à la bobine de film 4. Dans cette position, les mors de maintien 10 s'étendent dans une direction inclinée - au moins sensiblement orthogonalement - par rapport à l'axe 8 de la bobine 4.According to a characteristic of the machine, the holding jaws 10 are, at least in the closed holding position, axially offset with respect to the film reel 4. In this position, the holding jaws 10 extend in an inclined direction - at least substantially orthogonally - relative to the axis 8 of the coil 4.

Pendant leur phase d'ouverture, les mors de maintien 10 sont au moins partiellement décalés axialement par rapport à la bobine de film 4.During their opening phase, the holding jaws 10 are at least partially offset axially with respect to the film reel 4.

En permanence, les mors de maintien 10 sont dégagés du film de sorte que la bande de film 3 ne vienne pas recouvrir substantiellement les mors 10.Permanently, the holding jaws 10 are released from the film so that the film strip 3 does not come to substantially cover the jaws 10.

En position fermée de maintien, les mors 10 sont décalés par rapport à la zone à recouvrir de la face latérale de référence 1 a afin de ne pas se trouver situés au regard de celle-ci. Dans cette position fermée de maintien, les mors 10 s'étendent dans une direction au moins sensiblement parallèle à ou faiblement inclinée par rapport à l'arrêt 18a. Par conséquent, les mors de maintien 10 en position fermée s'étendent dans une direction au moins sensiblement parallèle ou faiblement inclinée par rapport à la direction longitudinale de la bande de film 3 recouvrant la charge.In the closed holding position, the jaws 10 are offset with respect to the area to be covered with the reference lateral face 1 a so as not to be located facing it. In this closed holding position, the jaws 10 extend in a direction at least substantially parallel to or slightly inclined relative to the stop 18a. Consequently, the holding jaws 10 in the closed position extend in a direction at least substantially parallel or slightly inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the film strip 3 covering the load.

Les mors de maintien 10, en position fermée, d'une part, sont décalés par rapport à la face latérale de référence 1 a et, d'autre part, s'étendent au moins sensiblement parallèlement et à proximité d'une face d'extrémité 13a.The holding jaws 10, in the closed position, on the one hand, are offset with respect to the reference lateral face 1a and, on the other hand, extend at least substantially parallel and near a face of end 13a.

En pratique, les mors 10, en position fermée, s'étendent dans une direction au moins sensiblement horizontale et au-dessus de la face d'extrémité supérieure 13a. C'est pourqoui les mors de maintien 10 sont préférentiellement portés par le presseur 14. L'axe d'articulation 10a des mors de maintien 10 est situé du côté s'écartant de la bobine 4.In practice, the jaws 10, in the closed position, extend in an at least substantially horizontal direction and above the upper end face 13a. This is why the holding jaws 10 are preferably carried by the presser 14. The articulation axis 10a of the holding jaws 10 is located on the side which deviates from the coil 4.

Aux mors de maintien 10 sont associés, d'une part, des premiers moyens d'entraînement permettant l'ouverture et la fermeture des mors et, d'autre part, des seconds moyens d'entraînement, distincts ou non des premiers moyens d'entraînement, permettant un pivotement d'ensemble des mors autour de leur axe d'articulation 10a.The holding jaws 10 are associated, on the one hand, with first drive means allowing the jaws to be opened and closed, and, on the other hand, with second drive means, separate or not from the first means of drive, allowing the jaws to pivot together around their articulation axis 10a.

Ces moyens d'entraînement sont logés dans un carter placé sur la face supérieure du presseur 14. Les premiers et seconds moyens d'entraînement, non représentés, sont constitués par des moteurs électiques, pneumatiques ou autres.These drive means are housed in a casing placed on the upper face of the presser 14. The first and second drive means, not shown, are constituted by electric, pneumatic or other motors.

Les moyens de coupe transversale 11, d'une part, et les moyens pour solidariser le film 12, d'autre part, sont préférentiellement portés par les mors de maintien 10. Ceci est rendu possible même avec un plus grand encombrement des mors de maintien 10, étant donné que ceux-ci n'ont pas à venir se loger entre deux couches successives de la bande de film 3.The cross-cutting means 11, on the one hand, and the means for securing the film 12, on the other hand, are preferably carried by the holding jaws 10. This is made possible even with a larger size of the holding jaws 10, since these do not have to be housed between two successive layers of the film strip 3.

Les moyens de coupe transversale sont constitués de dents portées par l'un des mors, coopérant avec un creux en regard porté par l'autre mors.The cross-cutting means consist of teeth carried by one of the jaws, cooperating with an opposite recess carried by the other jaw.

Les moyens pour solidariser le film 12 comprennent des moyens pour appliquer le film sur lui-même (variante représentée) telle qu'une bavette, des franges, un rouleau ou des moyens de thermosoudage à commande électrique ou magnétique.The means for securing the film 12 comprise means for applying the film to itself (variant shown) such as a flap, fringes, a roller or electric or magnetic control heat sealing means.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures qui illustrent une séquene opératorie: initialement, l'extrémité libre 3a-a, dont la partie extrême libre initiale 3a-a est maintenue parallèlement à l'arête 18a, écartée mais sensiblement dans le plan de la face latérale de référence 1 a et au-dessus et au voisinage de la face d'extrémité supérieure 13a, et ceci grâce aux mors de maintien 10 fermés. La bobine de film 4 est placée en regard de la face latérale de référence 1 a, à son extrémité supérieure. Du fait de la position des mors 10 et de la bobine 4, la bande de film 3 est vrillée (figure 1We now refer to the figures which illustrate a sequence of operations: initially, the free end 3a-a, the initial free end portion 3a-a of which is held parallel to the edge 18a, spaced apart but substantially in the plane of the lateral face reference 1a and above and in the vicinity of the upper end face 13a, and this thanks to the holding jaws 10 closed. The film reel 4 is placed opposite the reference lateral face 1a, at its upper end. Due to the position of the jaws 10 and of the reel 4, the film strip 3 is twisted (FIG. 1

Les moyens support 7 de la bobine de film 4 restant fixes, la table 6 est mise en rotation autour de l'axe 9, grâce aux moyens d'entraînement, les mors 10 restant fermés et le dispositif de préétirage mis en oeuvre. Le tronçon amont 3a-b de la bande de film 3 s'étend entre les mors 10 et le premier coin 17a avec lequel la bande 3 interfère. Cette interférence se produit nécessairement, du fait du décalage existant entre les mors 10 et la bobine 4. Le tronçon amont 3a-b est vrillé, ce qui favorise le maintien du film sur la charge 2. Le tronçon amont 3a-b est d'une longueur suffisante pour que le premier coin 17a se trouve suffisamment écarté de l'extrémité libre 3a-a. C'est pourquoi, l'axe 10a est préférentiellement placé au voisinage d'un angle du presseur 14. Le premier coin 17a interférant avec la bande de film 3 vient la déformer localement, le film étant fermement appli- queé sur la charge 2 autour du coin 17a (figure 2).The support means 7 of the film reel 4 remaining fixed, the table 6 is rotated about the axis 9, thanks to the drive means, the jaws 10 remaining closed and the pre-stretching device used. The upstream section 3a-b of the film strip 3 extends between the jaws 10 and the first corner 17a with which the strip 3 interferes. This interference necessarily occurs, due to the offset existing between the jaws 10 and the coil 4. The upstream section 3a-b is twisted, which promotes the maintenance of the film on the load 2. The upstream section 3a-b is a sufficient length so that the first corner 17a is sufficiently spaced from the free end 3a-a. This is why the axis 10a is preferably placed in the vicinity of an angle of the presser 14. The first corner 17a interfering with the film strip 3 deforms it locally, the film being firmly applied to the load 2 around from corner 17a (figure 2).

Le mouvement est poursuivi et la partie médiane initiale 3b-a de la bande de film 3 vient également se poser à cheval sur les coins successifs 17b, 17c, 17d. Progressivement, la part de film se trouvant sur le faces latérales 1a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d devient de plus en plus importante (figures 3 et 4).The movement is continued and the initial middle part 3b-a of the film strip 3 also comes to rest astride the successive corners 17b, 17c, 17d. Gradually, the part of film on the side faces 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d becomes more and more important (Figures 3 and 4).

Après au moins un tour, on vient recouvrir le tronçon aval 3a-c et la partie médiane initiale 3b-a. Les mors de maintien 10 sont alors ouverts pour libérer l'extrémité libre 3a-a, donc la partie extrême libre initiale 3a. Le tronçon amont 3a-b non encore recouvert par la bande de film emprisonnant les coins 1 7-d 1 7a est rabattu sur la première couche, et ce au moyen du mors intérieur 1 Oc, la pince 10 étant ouverte partiellement. Tant que la charge est en mouvement, le mors extérieur 1 Ob est maintenu verticalment et vers le bas, tandis que le mors intérieur 1 Oc est pivoté vers le haut, à l'horizontale. Auparavant, le mouvement d'ensemble du mors 10 vers le bas permet de ramener vers le bas un tronçon amont 3a-b (figure 5). On referme aussitôt la pince 10 en position horizontale. Le banderolage se poursuit, les moyens support 7 de la bobine 4 étant déplacés à coulissement axial le long de la colonne 5b.After at least one revolution, the downstream section 3a-c and the initial middle part 3b-a are covered. The holding jaws 10 are then opened to release the free end 3a-a, therefore the initial free end part 3a. The upstream section 3a-b not yet covered by the film strip trapping the corners 1 7-d 1 7a is folded over the first layer, and this by means of the inner jaw 1 Oc, the clamp 10 being partially open. As long as the load is in motion, the outer jaw 1 Ob is held vertically and downwards, while the inner jaw 1 Oc is pivoted upwards, horizontally. Previously, the overall movement of the jaw 10 down makes it possible to bring down an upstream section 3a-b (FIG. 5). The clamp 10 is immediately closed in a horizontal position. The wrapping continues, the support means 7 of the coil 4 being displaced in axial sliding along the column 5b.

Un quart de tour précédent l'arrêt de la rotation de la table les mors sont ramenés en position ouverte (figure 6).A quarter turn before stopping the rotation of the table, the jaws are brought back to the open position (Figure 6).

La bobine de film 4 se trouve de nouveau dans sa position originelle et les mors 1 Od-c placés de part et d'autre de la bande de film 3. Ils sont alors refermés. Ils viennent se placer verticalement (figure 7) assurant la coupe du film côté charge et le maintien côté bobine 4. La partie extrême libre terminale 3c du film peut être appliqué sur la partie médiane 3b en vue d'assurer la solidarisation (film autocollant par exemple). Celle-ci est éventuellement réalisée par des organes de thermosoudage complémentaires 19- ou autre moyens de solidarisation (film non collant).The film reel 4 is again in its original position and the jaws 1 Od-c placed on either side of the film strip 3. They are then closed. They are placed vertically (FIG. 7) ensuring the cutting of the film on the load side and the holding on the reel side 4. The end free end portion 3c of the film can be applied to the middle part 3b in order to secure the connection (self-adhesive film by example). This is optionally carried out by additional heat-sealing members 19- or other means of attachment (non-sticky film).

Enfin, l'ensemble des mors 10 est pivoté de l'axe 10a pour être ramené à l'horizontale (figures 8 et 1Finally, the set of jaws 10 is pivoted from the axis 10a so as to be brought back to the horizontal (FIGS. 8 and 1

Claims (18)

1. A method for covering the lateral faces (1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d) of a load (2) with a strip of plastics film from a film roll (4) in which the load (2) is placed on a supporting table (6); the front free end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is held and associated with the load (2); the load is displaced relatively on the support table (6) with respect to the film roll (4) in order to place the strip of film (3) on the lateral faces of the load (2); the strip of film (3) is out transversely and the free outermost end portion (3c) of the film is joined to its median portion (3b) covering the load and a new free front end portion of film (3a) is held, characterised in that in order to associate the free front end portion of the film (3a) with the load, the film is applied so as to straddle a first corner (17a) of the load, until local plastic deformation of the film is obtained.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is applied to the load (2) while the strip of film (3) is held under tension, pre-stretched.
3. A method according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the front median portion (3b-a) of the strip of film (3) is applied to at least one additional corner (17b) of the load (2).
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3), more particularly its upstream section (3a-b), is twisted before it is applied to the load (2), more particularly by approximately 90°.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is applied partly to the end face (13a) of the load and partly to the lateral faces.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that holding of the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is discontinued after at least one relative half turn of the load (2) relative to the film roll (4).
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, at least initially, the free front end portion (3a-a) of the strip of film (3) is held so as to be axially offset relative to the film roll (4).
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that, at least initially, the free front end portion (3a-a) of the strip of film (3) is held so as to be inclined - more particularly at least substantially orthogonally - relative to the axis (8) of the film roll (4).
9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, at least initially, the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3a-a) is held above the upper end face (13a) of the load (2).
10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) is applied to a first upper corner (17a) of the load (2).
11. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a first downward inner helicoidal winding is made, then a second upward inner helicoidal winding.
12. A device for covering the lateral face (1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1d) of a load (2) with a strip of plastics film (3) from a film roll (4), comprising a horizontal table (6) for supporting the load; support means for the film roll (4) with a vertical axis (8); drive means for performing a relative movement of the load (2) with respect to the strip of film (3) from the roll (4), about a vertical axis (9); clamps (10) displaceable about an axis (1 Oa) between a closed holding position and an open non-holding position, the function of which is to hold the free front end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) on the one hand initially to associate it partly with the faces (1 a, 1 b) of the load (2) and, on the other hand, after winding, when the strip of film (3) is cut; first and second drive means permitting, on the one hand, the closing of the clamps and, on the other hand, their pivoting together about their hinge axis (1 Oa); transverse cutting means for the strip of film (3); and means (12) for joining the free outermost end portion (3a) of the strip of film (3) to its median portion (3b) covering the load, characterised in that in combination the holding clamps (10) are supported on a presser plate (4) above the upper end face (13a) of the load (2), the said presser (14) being supported by a shaft (15) mounted on an arm (16) and pivotable about the axis (9), and in the closed holding position, the holding clamps (10) extend in a direction orthgonally inclined relative to the axis (8) of the film roll (4) and are offset relative to the region to be covered of the lateral reference face (1 a) of the load (2).
13. A device according to claim 12, characterised in that the transerverse cutting means (11) and/or the joining means (12) are supported by the holding clamps (10).
14. A device according to either of claims 12 and 13, characterised in that the hinge axis (1 Oa) of the holding clamps (10) is situated in the vicinity of the corner of the presser (14).
15. A device according to anyone of claims 12 to 14, characterised in that the hinge axis (1 Oa) of the holding clamps is situated on the side remote from the film roll (4).
16. A device according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterised in that in the closed holding position, the holding clamps (10) extend in a direction at least substantially parallel to, or slightly inclined relative to the edge (18a) defined by the lateral reference face (1a) of the load and an end face (13a) thereof, and extend in a direction substantially parallel to, or slightly inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the film roll (3) covering the load (2); and in that during their opening phase the holing clamps (10) are at least partially axially offset with respect the the film roll (4).
17. A device according to any one of claims 12 and 16, characterised in that it comprises means for pre-stretching the strip of film (3).
EP85402068A 1984-10-25 1985-10-25 Process and machine for covering the sides of a load with a plastic film Expired - Lifetime EP0180517B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85402068T ATE34714T1 (en) 1984-10-25 1985-10-25 METHOD AND MACHINE FOR WRAPPING THE SIDES OF A LOAD WITH A MESH OF PLASTIC FILM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8416341A FR2572359B1 (en) 1984-10-25 1984-10-25 METHOD AND MACHINE FOR COVERING THE SIDE FACES OF A LOAD WITH A PLASTIC FILM STRIP
FR8416341 1984-10-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0180517A1 EP0180517A1 (en) 1986-05-07
EP0180517B1 true EP0180517B1 (en) 1988-06-01
EP0180517B2 EP0180517B2 (en) 1991-12-11

Family

ID=9308996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402068A Expired - Lifetime EP0180517B2 (en) 1984-10-25 1985-10-25 Process and machine for covering the sides of a load with a plastic film

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0180517B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE34714T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3563021D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2572359B1 (en)

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EP0279871A1 (en) * 1987-02-21 1988-08-31 Cyklop International Ag Machine for enveloping goods with stretch foil web
ES2008368A6 (en) * 1987-11-05 1989-07-16 Agfer S A Automatic machine for packaging, particularly with the aid of a film
WO1989009727A1 (en) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-19 Ryozo Matsumoto Film stretching and wind-wrapping apparatus
FR2639906B1 (en) * 1988-12-05 1991-02-08 Lin Pac France Sa METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ATTACHING THE BEGINNING OF THE FILM TO THE ROTATING PLATE OF A MACHINE FOR AUTOMATICALLY PACKING PALLETS
FI83193C (en) * 1989-04-14 1991-06-10 Newtec Int FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER FOGNING OCH AVSKAERNING AV VECKLINGSFILM.
FR2650556B1 (en) * 1989-08-02 1991-12-13 Newtec Int METHOD AND MACHINE FOR BANDEROLING A PALLETIZED LOAD
FR2650555B1 (en) * 1989-08-02 1991-12-13 Newtec Int METHOD AND MACHINE FOR LAYING A HELICOIDAL FILM STRIP ON THE VERTICAL FACES OF A PALLETIZED LOAD
US5203136A (en) * 1989-09-06 1993-04-20 Newtec International (Societe Anonyme) Film unwinding carriage for a packaging machine
FR2664565B1 (en) * 1990-07-16 1994-05-13 Newtec International METHOD AND MACHINE FOR PACKAGING THE SIDE SIDE AND AN END FACE OF A LOAD.
FR2669002B1 (en) * 1990-11-09 1994-10-28 Newtec Int METHOD, MACHINE AND INSTALLATION FOR PACKAGING A LOAD PROVIDED WITH AT LEAST ONE HINGE PROTECTION HINGE; DEVICE FOR SEIZING, MOVING, DEPOSITING AND HOLDING SUCH A CORNER.
FI93711C (en) * 1993-11-29 1995-05-26 Vesme Systems Oy Procedure for wrapping an angular object
FR2847554B1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2006-02-10 Thimon PACKING MACHINE BY BANDOLATING A LOAD USING A PLASTIC FILM
US7775016B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2010-08-17 Cousins Neil G Stretch wrap machine with top corner film transfer
CN101107168B (en) * 2004-11-03 2014-05-21 卡曾斯包装公司 Stretch wrap machine with top corner film transfer
CN106927075A (en) * 2017-02-20 2017-07-07 滁州昭阳电信通讯设备科技有限公司 A kind of automatic wrapping device of the barbed fruit of shell
CN111762363A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-13 海宁先锋印刷有限公司 Film packing plant based on manipulator
DE102021100440A1 (en) 2021-01-12 2022-07-14 Sina Voss Method and device for dispensing a film web for packaged goods
CN112977916B (en) * 2021-05-06 2022-04-19 郑州轻工业大学 Self-walking type winding and packaging robot and article wrapping method

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DE3236029C1 (en) * 1982-09-29 1983-12-29 C. Keller GmbH u. Co KG, 4530 Ibbenbüren Apparatus for wrapping a length of plastics film around a pallet-supported stack

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE34714T1 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0180517A1 (en) 1986-05-07
FR2572359B1 (en) 1987-09-25
FR2572359A1 (en) 1986-05-02
EP0180517B2 (en) 1991-12-11
DE3563021D1 (en) 1988-07-07

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