EP0467729B1 - Method and machine for packaging the lateral face and an end face of a charge - Google Patents

Method and machine for packaging the lateral face and an end face of a charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0467729B1
EP0467729B1 EP91401689A EP91401689A EP0467729B1 EP 0467729 B1 EP0467729 B1 EP 0467729B1 EP 91401689 A EP91401689 A EP 91401689A EP 91401689 A EP91401689 A EP 91401689A EP 0467729 B1 EP0467729 B1 EP 0467729B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
axis
roll
face
pivot
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91401689A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0467729A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Paul Martin-Cocher
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Newtec International SA
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Newtec International SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/04—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated
    • B65B11/045—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated by rotating platforms supporting the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/02—Wrapping articles or quantities of material, without changing their position during the wrapping operation, e.g. in moulds with hinged folders
    • B65B11/025—Wrapping articles or quantities of material, without changing their position during the wrapping operation, e.g. in moulds with hinged folders by webs revolving around stationary articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a machine for packaging the side face and an end face of a load.
  • the film used is heat-shrinkable or stretchable.
  • the load is fixed or moved pivotally around its vertical axis or horizontally sliding parallel to its length.
  • the packaging is produced in the form of a straight wrapping or, the more often, helical and concerns the lateral face of the load (generally vertical).
  • the cylindrical lateral face and the two circular end faces are covered with a reel of paper of generally cylindrical shape by wrapping the reel of film remaining in a generally fixed location and the reel of paper being doubly displaced by pivoting around a vertical axis and around its axis of revolution, horizontal.
  • this technique is linked to the cylindrical shape of the load and cannot be transposed and applied to a load such as a palletized load.
  • the end faces receive as many film layers as axial film layers on the cylindrical side face, which is generally excessive and has drawbacks.
  • the aim is to improve the cohesive force applied by the film to the palletized load and, to this end, the film strip is applied to the tops of the load.
  • US-4,409,776 describes an apparatus for wrapping a palletized load with a film having a sticky face.
  • a first layer of film is applied to the palletized load, the non-sticky side facing the load.
  • An inversion of the reel (rotation of 180 °) makes it possible to present the sticky face of the film present on the reel opposite the sticky face of the first layer of film wrapped on the load.
  • the wrapping of the second layer ensures the adhesion of the two layers of the film.
  • the invention therefore aims to solve the problem of covering at least one end face of a load with a packaging film when the lateral face of the load is also covered with packaging film by the wrapping technique. .
  • the invention provides a machine for packaging a load by means of plastic film according to the features of claim 21.
  • the invention offers many advantages: the same film can be used both for covering the lateral face and one or two end faces and this without discontinuity. The cohesive force of the load, its protection and its tightness are improved. The technical qualities of the film can be implemented for both the lateral face and the end face (s). The simultaneous overlapping of the lateral and end faces is obtained without annoying excess thicknesses, without excessive multiplication of superimposed film layers.
  • the machine according to the invention essentially comprises the means used for wrapping with, in addition, only the second relative pivoting used for covering the end face. The operating rate of such a machine is high, the machine moreover being simultaneously simple and reliable.
  • the invention is more particularly applicable to a palletized load with which the vertical lateral face and at least one of the two horizontal end faces and more especially the upper end face, but also, optionally, the face of are covered. lower end, partially, in the vicinity of the lateral face.
  • the invention makes it possible to ensure or strengthen the connection between the palletized load and the pallet or to reinforce the false pallet.
  • the invention is also applicable to a long load arranged horizontally. The invention also offers the advantage of being applicable as it is but with loads of different dimensions.
  • a strip of film is used, the width of which is at least equal to half of the largest dimension of the end face to be covered so as to allow total covering. of the end face to be covered by several layers of film.
  • the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the second pivot axis of the order of a quarter to three quarters of a turn.
  • the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the first pivot axis without substantial stopping between the covering of the lateral face and that of the end face to be covered.
  • a relative sliding movement is carried out of the axis of the film reel and of the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis.
  • the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the second pivot axis when the film reel has been brought into a general position away from the side face and the end face to be covered and the film strip leaves the side face at vicinity of the end face to be covered.
  • a relative sliding movement is made of the axis of the film reel and of the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis.
  • several passes are made to cover the end face to be covered so that the film strip is arranged in several overlapping, crossed layers.
  • a film strip is used, the width of which is a fraction of the distance separating the two end faces of the load. At least one helical wrapping of the lateral face is carried out.
  • This wrapping is with contiguous turns or overlapping.
  • the end face is preferably covered between two helical wrapping in opposite directions. Alternatively, the two end faces of the load are covered.
  • stretch film is used and in a second embodiment, heat-shrinkable film.
  • stretch film the film strip is stretched between the load and the film reel or by pre-stretching before its application to the load. The film strip is also stretched when covering an end face to be covered.
  • a load having a lateral face extending in a generally vertical direction and end faces extending in a generally horizontal direction.
  • the first relative pivot axis is then of generally vertical direction and the second relative pivot axis of generally horizontal direction.
  • the load is pivotally driven about its vertical axis, the axis of the film reel being displaced in displacement around a horizontal axis intersecting or close to the pivot axis of the load and , optionally, sliding in a generally vertical direction.
  • the load is fixed, the axis of the film reel being pivoted about the vertical axis of the load, pivoting around a horizontal axis intersecting or close to the axis of the load and possibly sliding in a general vertical direction.
  • a load is used having a lateral face extending in a generally horizontal direction and end faces extending in a generally vertical direction, the first relative pivot axis being of general direction horizontal and the second relative pivot axis being of general direction substantially orthogonal to a horizontal axis.
  • the machine further comprises third means for ensuring a relative sliding movement of the axis of the film reel and means for supporting the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis, the control means acting on the third sliding means to coordinate their operation with that of the first and second relative pivoting means.
  • the machine can also further comprise means for gripping an initial end portion of the film strip; means for securing an end end portion of film strip on film already deposited or on the load; and means for cross-cutting the film strip.
  • the second relative pivoting means provide relative locking in at least two operating positions. These are angularly spaced from each other by about a quarter to three quarters of a turn.
  • the load support means comprise a horizontal general direction table;
  • the means for supporting a film reel comprise at least one mast of general vertical direction and a film reel support carriage carried directly or indirectly by the mast, mounted to slide vertically and pivot about a horizontal axis orthogonal to the axis of the film reel.
  • the table is mounted to pivot around an axis of generally vertical direction and the mast is fixed.
  • the carriage is arranged to describe a double movement of vertical sliding and rotation along a ring surrounding the table.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1J a palletized load 1 limited by a lateral face 2 closed on itself and two faces of horizontal ends respectively upper 3 and lower 4.
  • a load has an axis general vertical 5.
  • the lateral face 2 comprises four panels 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d situated in vertical planes two by two perpendicular to each other defining four vertical edges 6 parallel to the axis 5.
  • the method and the machine according to the invention are also applicable to other types of loads, in particular extending longitudinally in the horizontal direction.
  • the palletized load 1 is packaged by means of a plastic film 7 coming from a film reel 8 of axis 9.
  • the film 7 covers the lateral face 2 and the upper horizontal face 3.
  • the invention is also applicable to cases where the film 7 covers other faces of the load 1 or covers the faces differently.
  • the method uses a packaging machine (FIG. 2) which comprises means 10 for supporting the load 1; means 11 for supporting the film reel 8 and first means for ensuring a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel and means 10 for supporting the load around a first pivot axis having a direction general parallel to the axis of the film reel.
  • a packaging machine FIG. 2 which comprises means 10 for supporting the load 1; means 11 for supporting the film reel 8 and first means for ensuring a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel and means 10 for supporting the load around a first pivot axis having a direction general parallel to the axis of the film reel.
  • the support means 10 comprise a table with a vertical axis 5.
  • the means 11 comprise a vertical mast 13 placed next to the table 10 on a support forming the sole 14.
  • On the mast 13 is slidably mounted vertically, by means of sliding members 15, a carriage 16 supporting the coil 8.
  • the invention is also applicable to other types of machine, in particular those with a fixed table and film reel with an axis rotating around the table, or even those comprising a horizontal conveyor carrying a load. extended horizontally in the longitudinal direction, the film reel being of horizontal axis and surrounding this conveyor.
  • the film 7 has a width which is a fraction of the distance between the two end faces 3 and 4 while being at least equal to half of the largest dimension of the face end to be covered.
  • the width of the film strip is of the order of half the diagonal of the upper horizontal face 3 ( Figure 2).
  • the film used is a stretch film which is stretched before being applied to the load by means of a pre-stretching device 17 carried by the carriage 16.
  • This pre-stretching device 17 may include one or more rollers on which the film 7 passes so that the film is unwound downstream at a speed greater than the speed upstream.
  • an initial end portion 18 of the film strip 7 is associated with the lateral face 2 of the load by means, for example, of a holding clamp 19 carried by or in the vicinity of the table. 10. This association occurs in the vicinity of the lower horizontal face 4 opposite the upper horizontal face 3 to be covered. In this situation and in the envisaged embodiment, the axis 9 of the film reel 8 is placed horizontally, the film 7 deposited on the load being, consequently, of reduced width.
  • the relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and of the load 1 (in this case the pivoting of the load) around the first axis 12 allows, gradually, the deposition of the film strip 7 on the side face 2.
  • At least one revolution of the palletized load 1 is carried out so that the longitudinal edge of the film strip 7 overlaps the upper horizontal face 3 in the immediate vicinity of the side 2.
  • the same film 7 as that, coming from the reel 8, intended for packaging the lateral face 2, is deposited on the end face 3.
  • At least one pass is made in which (FIG. 1D) a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and of the load around a second pivot axis 20 having a general direction orthogonal to the first pivot axis 12 and to the axis 9.
  • the film reel 8 is then brought into a general position close to the end face 3 to be covered . And, in this situation, the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the first axis 12.
  • FIG. 1D This sequence is clearly visible in FIG. 1D in which we see that, compared to the previous step illustrated in FIG. 1C, the film reel 8 being in the general situation obtained in step 1C, a pivoting of the film reel 8 of the order of a quarter turn but which can go up to three quarters of a turn, the axis 9 being brought horizontally.
  • the film 7 then takes a general configuration at an angle or twisted between a vertical edge 6 of the lateral face 2 and the film reel 8. In this configuration, the film 7 passes over the end face 3 to be covered, optionally is applied to part of it.
  • the film 7 was applied to the upper horizontal end face 3 to be covered.
  • FIGS. 1G and 1H several passes are illustrated making it possible to cover the end face 3 with the film strip 7, the latter being arranged in several overlapping, crossed layers.
  • the axis 9 of the film reel 8 can then be pivoted around the second pivot axis 20 until it is brought into horizontal position ( Figure 1J) in a position similar to that shown in Figure 1A.
  • the clamp 19 previously opened comes to recover the film 7.
  • the film strip 7 can then be cut. Its end end portion 21 can be secured to the previously deposited film or to the load 1 itself.
  • the invention is also applicable to the case where the load has a horizontal longitudinal direction, the film reel 8 rotating around this load, in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of longitudinal advancement of the load.
  • the end faces extend in a generally vertical direction
  • the first relative pivot axis is in a generally horizontal direction
  • the second relative pivot axis is in a general direction substantially orthogonal to a horizontal axis.
  • the machine comprises second means 22 for ensuring a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and means 10 for supporting the load around the second pivot axis 20.
  • the machine also comprises control means acting on the first and second means for ensuring the two relative pivoting movements in order to coordinate their operation so as to allow the steps of the method described above.
  • the machine also comprises third means for ensuring a relative movement of sliding of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and means 10 for supporting the load in one direction general parallel to the first axis 12.
  • These third means comprise the sliding member 15.
  • the control means also act on these third sliding means to coordinate their operation with that of the first and second relative pivoting means.
  • the machine further comprises means 19 for gripping an initial free end portion 18 of film strip 7; means for securing an end end portion of this strip of film on film already deposited on the load or on the load itself as well as means for cross-cutting the film strip. These different means can be carried by the same clamp 19.
  • the second means 22 ensure the relative locking of the axis 9 in at least two operating positions angularly separated from each other by about a quarter or up to three quarters of a turn.
  • a carriage 16 in two parts the part 16a acts as a carriage proper while the part 16b acts as a film reel holder.
  • the two parts 16a, 16b are associated with one another by pivoting about the second pivot axis 20.
  • a pin 23 fixed to a side flange 24 of the spool holder 16b passes through and is pivoted by bearings 25 of the side flanges 26 of the carriage itself 16a.
  • On the part of the pin 23 located between the two cheeks 26 is wedged a pinion 27 on which meshes a pinion 28 driven by a connecting rod-crank movement 29 itself driven by a motor 30 fixed to the cheeks 26.
  • a pre-stretching device 17 of the motorized type by a motor 31 the latter is also fixed to the cheeks 26 and comes to drive via a toothed belt 32 or equivalent an axis 33 coaxial with the pin 23, projecting from the cheek 26 and going up to the film reel holder 16b at its end portion 34 opposite to the carriage 16a, the axis 33 supports toothed pulleys or equivalent or gears which via drive means 35 and a bevel gear 36 allows '' drive the pre-stretching device 17.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et une machine d'emballage de la face latérale et d'une face d'extrémité d'une charge.The invention relates to a method and a machine for packaging the side face and an end face of a load.

On connait déjà un procédé d'emballage d'une charge limitée par une face latérale fermée sur elle-même et deux faces d'extrémité au moyen de film en matière plastique dans lequel :

  • on associe une partie extrême initiale d'une bande de film provenant d'une bobine de film à la face latérale de la charge ;
  • on effectue un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe de la bobine de film et de la charge autour d'un premier axe de pivotement ayant une direction générale parallèle à la face latérale et on dépose progressivement la bande de film sur cette face latérale ;
  • on dépose du film sur au moins une face d'extrémité à recouvrir ;
  • on coupe la bande de film et on solidarise la partie extrême terminale de celle-ci au film déposé ou à la charge.
There is already known a method of packaging a load limited by a side face closed on itself and two end faces by means of plastic film in which:
  • an initial end portion of a film strip from a film reel is associated with the lateral face of the load;
  • a relative pivoting movement of the axis of the film reel and of the load is carried out around a first pivot axis having a general direction parallel to the lateral face and the film strip is gradually deposited on this lateral face;
  • film is deposited on at least one end face to be covered;
  • the film strip is cut and the end end portion thereof is secured to the film deposited or to the load.

On connait également une machine permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé comprenant :

  • . des moyens support de la charge ;
  • . des moyens support d'une bobine de bande de film ;
  • . des premiers moyens pour assurer un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe de la bobine de film et des moyens support de la charge autour d'un premier axe de pivotement ayant une direction générale parallèle à l'axe de la bobine de film.
A machine is also known which makes it possible to implement this method comprising:
  • . load support means;
  • . means for supporting a reel of film strip;
  • . first means for ensuring relative pivoting movement of the axis of the film reel and load support means around a first pivot axis having a general direction parallel to the axis of the film reel.

Ce procédé et cette machine peuvent faire l'objet d'un certain nombre de variantes. Par exemple le film utilisé est thermo-rétractable ou étirable. La charge est fixe ou déplacée à pivotement autour de son axe vertical ou à coulissement horizontal parallèlement à sa longueur.This process and this machine can be the subject of a certain number of variants. For example, the film used is heat-shrinkable or stretchable. The load is fixed or moved pivotally around its vertical axis or horizontally sliding parallel to its length.

On peut se référer aux documents suivants : US-A-4 255 918, US-A-4 271 657, US-A-4 336 679, US-A-4 387 548, US-A-4 387 552, US-A-4 418 510, US-A-4 050 221, US-A-4 302 920, FR-A-2 417 167, EP-A-0 110 751, FR-A-2 535 297, FR-A-2 572 359, EP-A-0 180 517, FR-A-2 281 275.Reference can be made to the following documents: US-A-4 255 918, US-A-4 271 657, US-A-4 336 679, US-A-4 387 548, US-A-4 387 552, US- A-4 418 510, US-A-4 050 221, US-A-4 302 920, FR-A-2 417 167, EP-A-0 110 751, FR-A-2 535 297, FR-A- 2,572,359, EP-A-0 180,517, FR-A-2,281,275.

Dans le cas où la charge est une charge palettisée de forme générale parallélépipédique (ou du type "sans palette" car la charge est elle-même organisée pour former support) l'emballage est réalisé sous la forme d'un banderolage droit ou, le plus souvent, hélicoidal et concerne la face latérale de la charge (de direction générale verticale). Lorsque l'on souhaite recouvrir également la face horizontale supérieure de la charge on est alors contraint, par une opération distincte et en mettant en oeuvre un dispositif distinct, de déposer une feuille dite de toit. Cela est donc complexe.In the case where the load is a palletized load of generally parallelepiped shape (or of the "without pallet" type because the load is itself organized to form a support) the packaging is produced in the form of a straight wrapping or, the more often, helical and concerns the lateral face of the load (generally vertical). When it is also desired to cover the upper horizontal face of the load, we are then forced, by a separate operation and using a separate device, to deposit a so-called roof sheet. This is therefore complex.

Selon le document EP-A-0 229 736 on recouvre la face latérale cylindrique et les deux faces d'extrémité circulaires d'une bobine de papier de forme générale cylindrigue par banderolage la bobine de film restant dans un emplacement général fixe et la bobine de papier étant doublement déplacée à pivotement autour d'un axe vertical et autour de son axe de révolution, horizontal. Mais cette technique est liée à la forme cylindrique de la charge et ne peut être transposée et appliquée à une charge telle qu'une charge palettisée. De plus, les faces d'extrémité reçoivent autant de couches de film que de couches de film axiales sur la face latérale cylindrique, ce qui est généralement excessif et présente des inconvénients.According to document EP-A-0 229 736, the cylindrical lateral face and the two circular end faces are covered with a reel of paper of generally cylindrical shape by wrapping the reel of film remaining in a generally fixed location and the reel of paper being doubly displaced by pivoting around a vertical axis and around its axis of revolution, horizontal. However, this technique is linked to the cylindrical shape of the load and cannot be transposed and applied to a load such as a palletized load. In addition, the end faces receive as many film layers as axial film layers on the cylindrical side face, which is generally excessive and has drawbacks.

Selon le document FR-A-2 505 775 on vise à améliorer la force de cohésion appliquée par le film sur la charge palettisée et, à cet effet, on applique la bande de film sur des sommets de la charge. Il s'ensuit une sorte de "triangulation" de la charge avec la bande de film. Toutefois, celle-ci est insusceptible, en l'état, de permettre un emballage de la charge avec recouvrement total de ses faces latérale verticale et supérieure horizontale.According to document FR-A-2 505 775, the aim is to improve the cohesive force applied by the film to the palletized load and, to this end, the film strip is applied to the tops of the load. There follows a sort of "triangulation" of the load with the film strip. However, it is impossible, as it stands, to allow packaging of the load with total covering of its vertical lateral and horizontal upper faces.

On connait aussi une machine destinée à déposer une bande de film sur deux faces verticales opposées et les faces horizontales supérieure et inférieure de la charge palettisée. Mais cette machine n'est pas adaptée au dépôt de film sur les quatre faces latérales verticales, sauf consommation excessive de film, surépaisseur sur les faces d'extrémité et étanchéité douteuse sur les faces latérales verticales. De plus, cette technique implique, nécessairement, le recouvrement de la face horizontale inférieure ce qui peut ne pas être souhaité ou possible.There is also known a machine intended to deposit a film strip on two opposite vertical faces and the upper and lower horizontal faces of the palletized load. However, this machine is not suitable for depositing film on the four vertical side faces, except excessive consumption of film, excess thickness on the end faces and questionable sealing on the vertical side faces. In addition, this technique necessarily involves covering the lower horizontal face which may not be desired or possible.

Pour déposer du film à la fois sur les faces latérales verticales et horizontales supérieures d'une charge palettisée, on connaît enfin la technique du houssage. Toutefois, cette technique est généralement plus complexe à mettre en oeuvre que celle du banderolage.To deposit film on both the vertical side and upper horizontal sides of a palletized load, the technique of covering is finally known. However, this technique is generally more complex to implement than that of wrapping.

US-4 409 776 décrit un appareil de banderolage d'une charge palettisée avec un film ayant une face collante. Une première couche du film est appliquée sur la charge palettisée, la face non collante dirigée vers la charge. Un retournement de la bobine (rotation de 180°) permet de présenter la face collante du film présent sur la bobine en vis à vis de la face collante de la première couche du film banderolé sur la charge. Le banderolage de la seconde couche assure l'adhérisation des deux couches du film.US-4,409,776 describes an apparatus for wrapping a palletized load with a film having a sticky face. A first layer of film is applied to the palletized load, the non-sticky side facing the load. An inversion of the reel (rotation of 180 °) makes it possible to present the sticky face of the film present on the reel opposite the sticky face of the first layer of film wrapped on the load. The wrapping of the second layer ensures the adhesion of the two layers of the film.

US-4 409 776 correspond au préambule de la revendication 1.US-4,409,776 corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.

Dans le cas de machines d'emballage de charges palettisées par banderolage hélicoïdal du film sur ses faces latérales verticales on connaît également des variantes dans lesquelles on associe à la machine un dispositif distinct de dépose d'une feuille de toit. La machine qui résulte de cette association est cependant particulièrement complexe avec les inconvénients inhérents.In the case of machines for packaging loads palletized by helical wrapping of the film on its vertical lateral faces, variants are also known in which a separate device for depositing a roof sheet is associated with the machine. The machine which results from this association is however particularly complex with the inherent drawbacks.

Le document EP-A-032140, sur lequel est basé le préambule de la revendication 21, decrit une machine dont l'axe de la bobine peut pivoter entre deux positions orthogonates. Elle ne comporte toutefois pas de moyens pour assurer un blocage dans ces positions et n'est donc pas adaptée à la dépose de film sur la face superieure.The document EP-A-032140, on which the preamble of claim 21 is based, describes a machine whose axis of the coil can pivot between two orthogonate positions. However, it does not include means for blocking in these positions and is therefore not suitable for depositing film on the upper face.

L'invention vise donc à résoudre le problème du recouvrement d'au moins une face d'extrémité d'une charge avec un film d'emballage lorsque la face latérale de la charge est également recouverte de film d'emballage par la technique du banderolage.The invention therefore aims to solve the problem of covering at least one end face of a load with a packaging film when the lateral face of the load is also covered with packaging film by the wrapping technique. .

A cet effet, l'invention propose, selon un premier aspect, un procédé d'emballage d'une charge limitée par une face latérale fermée sur elle-même et deux faces d'extrémité, au moyen de film en matière plastique dans lequel :

  • on associe une partie extrême initiale d'une bande de film provenant d'une bobine de film à la face latérale de la charge ;
  • on effectue un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe de la bobine de film et de la charge autour d'un premier axe de pivotement ayant une direction générale parallèle à la face latérale et on dépose progressivement de la bande de film sur cette face latérale ;
  • on dépose du film sur au moins une face d'extrémité à recouvrir ;
  • on coupe la bande de film et on solidarise la partie extrême terminale de celle-ci au film déposé ou à la charge, caractérisé en ce qu'on dépose sur la face d'extrémité à recouvrir du film provenant de la bobine de film et, à cet effet, on réalise au moins une passe dans laquelle :
  • on effectue un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe de la bobine de film et de la charge autour d'un second axe de pivotement ayant une direction générale orthogonale au premier axe de pivotement et à l'axe de la bobine de film de l'ordre d'un quart à trois quarts de tour.
  • on amène la bobine de film dans une position générale proche de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir ou de son prolongement ;
   et, dans cette situation, on effectue le mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du premier axe de pivotement.To this end, the invention proposes, according to a first aspect, a method of packaging a load limited by a side face closed on itself and two end faces, by means of plastic film in which:
  • an initial end portion of a film strip from a film reel is associated with the lateral face of the load;
  • a relative pivoting movement of the axis of the film reel and of the load is carried out around a first pivoting axis having a general direction parallel to the lateral face and the film strip is gradually deposited on this lateral face;
  • film is deposited on at least one end face to be covered;
  • the film strip is cut and the end end part thereof is secured to the film deposited or to the load, characterized in that the film coming from the film reel is deposited on the end face to be covered and, for this purpose, at least one pass is carried out in which:
  • a relative pivoting movement of the axis of the film reel and of the load is carried out around a second pivot axis having a general direction orthogonal to the first pivot axis and to the axis of the film reel of a quarter to three quarters of a turn.
  • the film reel is brought into a general position close to the end face to be covered or to its extension;
and, in this situation, the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the first pivot axis.

Selon un second aspect, l'invention propose une machine d'emballage d'une charge au moyen de film en matière plastique selon les caractéristiques de la revendication 21.According to a second aspect, the invention provides a machine for packaging a load by means of plastic film according to the features of claim 21.

L'invention offre de nombreux avantages : le même film peut être utilisé à la fois pour le recouvrement de la face latérale et d'une ou des deux faces d'extrémité et cela sans discontinuité. La force de cohésion de la charge, sa protection et son étanchéité sont améliorées. Les qualités techniques du film peuvent être mises en oeuvre à la fois pour la face latérale et la (ou les) face(s) d'extrémité. Le recouvrement simultané des faces latérales et d'extrémité est obtenu sans surépaisseurs gênantes, sans multiplications excessives de couches de film superposées. La machine conforme à l'invention comporte essentiellement les moyens mis en oeuvre pour le banderolage avec en plus seulement le second pivotement relatif mis en oeuvre pour le recouvrement de la face d'extrémité. La cadence de fonctionnement d'une telle machine est élevée, la machine étant de plus simultanément simple et fiable. Il est possible également d'envisager différentes variantes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention avec du film étirable ou du film rétractable ; avec recouvrement d'une seule face d'extrémité ou des deux faces ; avec recouvrement total ou seulement partiel ; avec banderolage hélicoïdal simple ou double ou droit. Dans le cas d'un film étirable, il est possible d'avoir des taux d'étirage différents pour les différentes parties de la charge ce gui permet d'améliorer sa cohésion. L'invention est plus spécialement applicable à une charge palettisée dont sont recouvertes la face latérale verticale et l'une au moins des deux faces d'extrémité horizontales et plus spécialement la face d'extrémité supérieure, mais aussi, éventuellement, la face d'extrémité inférieure, partiellement, au voisinage de la face latérale. Dans ce cas, l'invention permet d'assurer ou de renforcer le liaisonnement entre la charge palettisée et la palette ou de renforcer la fausse-palette. L'invention est également applicable à une charge longue disposée horizontalement. L'invention offre également l'avantage d'être applicable telle quelle mais avec des charges de différentes dimensions.The invention offers many advantages: the same film can be used both for covering the lateral face and one or two end faces and this without discontinuity. The cohesive force of the load, its protection and its tightness are improved. The technical qualities of the film can be implemented for both the lateral face and the end face (s). The simultaneous overlapping of the lateral and end faces is obtained without annoying excess thicknesses, without excessive multiplication of superimposed film layers. The machine according to the invention essentially comprises the means used for wrapping with, in addition, only the second relative pivoting used for covering the end face. The operating rate of such a machine is high, the machine moreover being simultaneously simple and reliable. It is also possible to envisage different variants of implementation of the invention with stretch film or shrink film; with covering of only one end face or both faces; with total or only partial recovery; with single or double or straight helical wrapping. In the case of a stretch film, it is possible to have different stretching rates for the different parts of the load which mistletoe improves its cohesion. The invention is more particularly applicable to a palletized load with which the vertical lateral face and at least one of the two horizontal end faces and more especially the upper end face, but also, optionally, the face of are covered. lower end, partially, in the vicinity of the lateral face. In this case, the invention makes it possible to ensure or strengthen the connection between the palletized load and the pallet or to reinforce the false pallet. The invention is also applicable to a long load arranged horizontally. The invention also offers the advantage of being applicable as it is but with loads of different dimensions.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques du procédé selon l'invention, on met en oeuvre une bande de film dont la laize est au moins égale à la moitié de la plus grande dimension de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir de manière à permettre un recouvrement total de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir au moyen de plusieurs couches de film. On effectue la mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du second axe de pivotement de l'ordre d'un quart à trois quarts de tour. On effectue le mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du premier axe de pivotement sans arrêt substantiel entre le recouvrement de la face latérale et celui de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir. Pendant le dépôt de la bande de film sur la face latérale, on effectue un mouvement de coulissement relatif de l'axe de la bobine de film et de la charge dans une direction générale parallèle au premier axe de pivotement. On effectue le mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du second axe de pivotement lorsque la bobine de film a été amenée dans une position générale écartée de la face latérale et de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir et que la bande de film quitte la face latérale au voisinage de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir. Selon une variante, une fois le mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du second axe de pivotement commencé, on effectue un mouvement de coulissement relatif de l'axe de la bobine de film et de la charge dans une direction générale parallèle au premier axe de pivotement. Préférentiellement on réalise plusieurs passes pour recouvrir la face d'extrémité à recouvrir de manière que la bande de film soit disposée selon plusieurs couches superposées, croisées. On met en oeuvre une bande de film dont la laize est une fraction de la distance séparant les deux faces d'extrémité de la charge. On réalise au moins un banderolage hélicoïdal de la face latérale. Ce banderolage est à spires jointives ou à recouvrement. Le recouvrement de la face d'extrémité est réalisé préférentiellement entre deux banderolages hélicoïdaux de sens opposés. Selon une variante, on réalise le recouvrement des deux faces d'extrémité de la charge. Dans un premier mode de réalisation on met en oeuvre du film étirable et dans un second mode de réalisation du film thermo-rétractable. Dans la cas de film étirable, on étire la bande de film entre la charge et la bobine de film ou par pré-étirage avant son application sur la charge. On étire également la bande de film lors du recouvrement d'une face d'extrémité à recouvrir.According to other characteristics of the process according to the invention, a strip of film is used, the width of which is at least equal to half of the largest dimension of the end face to be covered so as to allow total covering. of the end face to be covered by several layers of film. The relative pivoting movement is carried out around the second pivot axis of the order of a quarter to three quarters of a turn. The relative pivoting movement is carried out around the first pivot axis without substantial stopping between the covering of the lateral face and that of the end face to be covered. During the deposition of the film strip on the lateral face, a relative sliding movement is carried out of the axis of the film reel and of the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis. The relative pivoting movement is carried out around the second pivot axis when the film reel has been brought into a general position away from the side face and the end face to be covered and the film strip leaves the side face at vicinity of the end face to be covered. According to a variant, once the relative pivoting movement around the second pivot axis has started, a relative sliding movement is made of the axis of the film reel and of the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis. Preferably, several passes are made to cover the end face to be covered so that the film strip is arranged in several overlapping, crossed layers. A film strip is used, the width of which is a fraction of the distance separating the two end faces of the load. At least one helical wrapping of the lateral face is carried out. This wrapping is with contiguous turns or overlapping. The end face is preferably covered between two helical wrapping in opposite directions. Alternatively, the two end faces of the load are covered. In a first embodiment, stretch film is used and in a second embodiment, heat-shrinkable film. In the case of stretch film, the film strip is stretched between the load and the film reel or by pre-stretching before its application to the load. The film strip is also stretched when covering an end face to be covered.

Selon une première variante de réalisation, on met en oeuvre une charge ayant une face latérale s'étendant dans une direction générale verticale et des faces d'extrémité s'étendant dans une direction générale horizontale. Le premier axe de pivotement relatif est alors de direction générale verticale et le second axe de pivotement relatif de direction générale horizontale. Dans une première sous-variante, la charge est entrainée à pivotement autour de son axe vertical, l'axe de la bobine de film étant déplacé à déplacement autour d'un axe horizontal intersectant ou proche de l'axe de pivotement de la charge et, éventuellement, à coulissement selon une direction générale verticale. Selon une seconde sous-variante, la charge est fixe, l'axe de la bobine de film étant entraîné à pivotement autour de l'axe vertical de la charge, à pivotement autour d'un axe horizontal intersectant ou proche de l'axe de la charge et, éventuellement, à coulissement selon une direction générale verticale. Selon une seconde variante de réalisation, on met en oeuvre une charge ayant une face latérale s'étendant dans une direction générale horizontale et des faces d'extrémité s'étendant dans une direction générale verticale, le premier axe de pivotement relatif étant de direction générale horizontale et le second axe de pivotement relatif étant de direction générale sensiblement orthogonale à un axe horizontal.According to a first alternative embodiment, use is made of a load having a lateral face extending in a generally vertical direction and end faces extending in a generally horizontal direction. The first relative pivot axis is then of generally vertical direction and the second relative pivot axis of generally horizontal direction. In a first sub-variant, the load is pivotally driven about its vertical axis, the axis of the film reel being displaced in displacement around a horizontal axis intersecting or close to the pivot axis of the load and , optionally, sliding in a generally vertical direction. According to a second sub-variant, the load is fixed, the axis of the film reel being pivoted about the vertical axis of the load, pivoting around a horizontal axis intersecting or close to the axis of the load and possibly sliding in a general vertical direction. According to a second alternative embodiment, a load is used having a lateral face extending in a generally horizontal direction and end faces extending in a generally vertical direction, the first relative pivot axis being of general direction horizontal and the second relative pivot axis being of general direction substantially orthogonal to a horizontal axis.

Selon d'autres caractéristique de la machine, celle-ci comprend, en outre, des troisièmes moyens pour assurer un mouvement relatif de coulissement de l'axe de la bobine de film et des moyens support de la charge dans une direction générale parallèle au premier axe de pivotement, les moyens de commande agissant sur les troisièmes moyens de coulissement pour coordonner leur fonctionnement avec celui des premiers et seconds moyens de pivotement relatif. La machine peut comprendre également, en outre, des moyens de saisie d'une partie extrême initiale de bande de film ; des moyens de solidarisation d'une partie extrême terminale de bande de film sur du film déjà déposé ou sur la charge ; et des moyens de coupe transversale de la bande de film. Les seconds moyens de pivotement relatif assurent un blocage relatif dans au moins deux positions de fonctionnement. Celles-ci sont écartées angulairement l'une de l'autre d'environ un quart à trois quarts de tour. Dans le cas d'une machine mettant en oeuvre du film étirable, celle-ci peut comporter des moyens d'étirage ou de pré-étirage de la bande de film. Selon une première variante de réalisation, non limitative, correspondant à la première variante de procédé déjà mentionnée précédemment, les moyens support de la charge comprennent une table de direction générale horizontale ; les moyens support d'une bobine de film comprennent au moins un mât de direction générale verticale et un chariot support de bobine de film porté directement ou indirectement par le mât, monté à coulissement vertical et à pivotement autour d'un axe horizontal orthogonal à l'axe de la bobine de film. Selon une première sous-variante correspondant à la première sous-variante de procédé déjà décrite, la table est montée pour pivoter autour d'un axe de direction générale verticale et le mât est fixe. Selon une seconde sous-variante, la table est fixe et le chariot est agencé pour décrire un double mouvement de coulissement vertical et de rotation le long d'un anneau entourant la table.According to other characteristics of the machine, it further comprises third means for ensuring a relative sliding movement of the axis of the film reel and means for supporting the load in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis, the control means acting on the third sliding means to coordinate their operation with that of the first and second relative pivoting means. The machine can also further comprise means for gripping an initial end portion of the film strip; means for securing an end end portion of film strip on film already deposited or on the load; and means for cross-cutting the film strip. The second relative pivoting means provide relative locking in at least two operating positions. These are angularly spaced from each other by about a quarter to three quarters of a turn. In the case of a machine using stretch film, this may include means for stretching or pre-stretching the film strip. According to a first, non-limiting, variant embodiment, corresponding to the first variant of the process already mentioned above, the load support means comprise a horizontal general direction table; the means for supporting a film reel comprise at least one mast of general vertical direction and a film reel support carriage carried directly or indirectly by the mast, mounted to slide vertically and pivot about a horizontal axis orthogonal to the axis of the film reel. According to a first sub-variant corresponding to the first sub-variant of the process already described, the table is mounted to pivot around an axis of generally vertical direction and the mast is fixed. According to a second sub-variant, the table is fixed and the carriage is arranged to describe a double movement of vertical sliding and rotation along a ring surrounding the table.

Les autres caractéristiques de l'invention seront bien comprises grâce à la description qui suivra d'une forme possible de réalisation dans le cas d'une charge palettisée dont on recouvre les faces latérales verticales et la face horizontale supérieure par banderolage hélicoïdal la charge étant montée mobile à pivotement autour de son axe vertical, et les dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I et 1J sont dix vues schématiques en perspective illustrant les phases successives du procédé selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective, partielle, d'une machine à table tournante conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue schématigue en perspective du chariot de la machine selon la figure 3.
The other characteristics of the invention will be better understood thanks to the description which follows of a possible embodiment in the case of a palletized load with which the vertical lateral faces are covered. and the upper horizontal face by helical wrapping, the load being pivotally mounted to pivot about its vertical axis, and the attached drawings in which:
  • Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I and 1J are ten schematic perspective views illustrating the successive phases of the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial schematic perspective view of a rotary table machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the carriage of the machine according to FIG. 3.

On se réfère maintenant plus spécialement aux figures 1A à 1J sur lesquelles est représentée une charge palettisée 1 limitée par une face latérale 2 fermée sur elle-même et deux faces d'extrémités horizontales respectivement supérieure 3 et inférieure 4. Une telle charge présente un axe général vertical 5. La face latérale 2 comporte quatre panneaux 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d situés dans des plans verticaux deux à deux perpendiculaires entre eux définissant quatre arêtes 6 verticales parallèles à l'axe 5.Reference is now made more particularly to FIGS. 1A to 1J on which is shown a palletized load 1 limited by a lateral face 2 closed on itself and two faces of horizontal ends respectively upper 3 and lower 4. Such a load has an axis general vertical 5. The lateral face 2 comprises four panels 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d situated in vertical planes two by two perpendicular to each other defining four vertical edges 6 parallel to the axis 5.

Comme déjà indiqué, le procédé et la machine selon l'invention sont également applicables à d'autres types de charges notamment s'étendant longitudinalement en direction horizontale.As already indicated, the method and the machine according to the invention are also applicable to other types of loads, in particular extending longitudinally in the horizontal direction.

La charge palettisée 1 est emballée au moyen d'un film 7 en matière plastique provenant d'une bobine de film 8 d'axe 9.The palletized load 1 is packaged by means of a plastic film 7 coming from a film reel 8 of axis 9.

Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée par les figures, le film 7 recouvre la face latérale 2 et la face horizontale supérieure 3. Ainsi qu'il a déjà été indiqué, l'invention est également applicable aux cas où le film 7 recouvre d'autres faces de la charge 1 ou recouvre les faces différemment.In the embodiment illustrated by the figures, the film 7 covers the lateral face 2 and the upper horizontal face 3. As has already been indicated, the invention is also applicable to cases where the film 7 covers other faces of the load 1 or covers the faces differently.

La procédé met en oeuvre une machine d'emballage (figure 2) qui comprend des moyens 10 support de la charge 1 ; des moyens 11 support de la bobine de film 8 et des premiers moyens pour assurer un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film et des moyens 10 support de la charge autour d'un premier axe de pivotement ayant une direction générale parallèle à l'axe de la bobine de film.The method uses a packaging machine (FIG. 2) which comprises means 10 for supporting the load 1; means 11 for supporting the film reel 8 and first means for ensuring a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel and means 10 for supporting the load around a first pivot axis having a direction general parallel to the axis of the film reel.

Dans la forme d'exécution envisagée, les moyens support 10 comprennent une table d'axe 5 vertical. Les moyens 11 comprennent un mât 13, vertical, placé à côté de la table 10 sur un support formant semelle 14. Sur le mât 13 est monté coulissant verticalement, grâce à des organes de coulissement 15, un chariot 16 supportant la bobine 8.In the envisaged embodiment, the support means 10 comprise a table with a vertical axis 5. The means 11 comprise a vertical mast 13 placed next to the table 10 on a support forming the sole 14. On the mast 13 is slidably mounted vertically, by means of sliding members 15, a carriage 16 supporting the coil 8.

Ainsi qu'on l'a déjà indiqué, l'invention est également applicable à d'autres types de machines notamment celles à table fixe et bobine de film d'axe tournant autour de la table ou encore celles comportant un convoyeur horizontal supportant une charge étendue horizontalement en direction longitudinale, la bobine de film étant d'axe horizontal et entourant ce convoyeur.As already indicated, the invention is also applicable to other types of machine, in particular those with a fixed table and film reel with an axis rotating around the table, or even those comprising a horizontal conveyor carrying a load. extended horizontally in the longitudinal direction, the film reel being of horizontal axis and surrounding this conveyor.

Dans la forme d'exécution envisagée, le film 7 a une laize qui est une fraction de la distance entre les deux faces d'extrémités 3 et 4 tout en étant au moins égale à la moitié de la plus grande dimension de la face d'extrémité à recouvrir. En l'occurrence, la laize de la bande de film est de l'ordre de la moitié de la diagonale de la face horizontale supérieure 3 (figure 2).In the embodiment envisaged, the film 7 has a width which is a fraction of the distance between the two end faces 3 and 4 while being at least equal to half of the largest dimension of the face end to be covered. In this case, the width of the film strip is of the order of half the diagonal of the upper horizontal face 3 (Figure 2).

Dans cette forme d'exécution, le film mis en oeuvre est un film étirable gui est étiré avant que d'être appliqué sur la charge grâce à un dispositif de pré-étirage 17 porté par le chariot 16. Ce dispositif de pré-étirage 17 peut comporter un ou plusieurs rouleaux sur lesquels passe le film 7 de manière que le film soit dévidé en aval à une vitesse plus grande que la vitesse en amont.In this embodiment, the film used is a stretch film which is stretched before being applied to the load by means of a pre-stretching device 17 carried by the carriage 16. This pre-stretching device 17 may include one or more rollers on which the film 7 passes so that the film is unwound downstream at a speed greater than the speed upstream.

Dans l'étape illustrée par la figure 1A, on associe une partie extrême initiale 18 de la bande de film 7 à la face latérale 2 de la charge au moyen par exemple d'une pince de maintien 19 portée par ou au voisinage de la table 10. Cette association intervient au voisinage de la face horizontale inférieure 4 opposée à la face horizontale supérieure 3 à recouvrir. Dans cette situation et dans la forme d'exécution envisagée, l'axe 9 de la bobine de la film 8 est placé horizontalement, le film 7 déposé sur la charge étant, en conséquence, de largeur réduite.In the step illustrated in FIG. 1A, an initial end portion 18 of the film strip 7 is associated with the lateral face 2 of the load by means, for example, of a holding clamp 19 carried by or in the vicinity of the table. 10. This association occurs in the vicinity of the lower horizontal face 4 opposite the upper horizontal face 3 to be covered. In this situation and in the envisaged embodiment, the axis 9 of the film reel 8 is placed horizontally, the film 7 deposited on the load being, consequently, of reduced width.

Puis (figure 1B) la table 10, donc la charge palettisée 1 sont entraînées à pivotement autour des axes 5, 12 dans le sens des flèches R ce qui permet le banderolage. De plus, l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 est pivoté d'un quart de tour de manière que l'axe 9 soit alors placé verticalement, le film 7 venant s'appliquer à plat et sur toute sa largeur sur la face latérale 2. S'agissant d'un banderolage hélicoidal de la face latérale 2 avec le film 7, à spires venant à recouvrement, on fait coulisser la bobine de film 8 le long de son axe 9 vers le haut et la face horizontale supérieure 3. Dans cette situation, la bobine de film 8 est donc déplacée parallèlement au premier axe 12. Ainsi que cela est bien visible sur la figure 1C, ce coulissement vertical ascendant de la bobine de film 8 est poursuivi jusqu'à ce que la bobine de film 8 se trouve au moins pour partie au-dessus du plan horizontal de la face supérieure 3. Dans cette situation, la bobine de film 8 est donc légèrement écartée de la face latérale 2 et de la face à recouvrir 3. De plus, le film 7 quitte alors la face latérale 2 au voisinage de la face à recouvrir 3.Then (FIG. 1B) the table 10, therefore the palletized load 1 are pivoted around the axes 5, 12 in the direction of the arrows R which allows the wrapping. In addition, the axis 9 of the film reel 8 is pivoted by a quarter of a turn so that the axis 9 is then placed vertically, the film 7 being applied flat and over its entire width on the face. lateral 2. Regarding a helical wrapping of the lateral face 2 with the film 7, with turns coming into overlap, the film reel 8 is made to slide along its axis 9 upwards and the upper horizontal face 3. In this situation, the film reel 8 is therefore moved parallel to the first axis 12. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 1C, this upward vertical sliding of the film reel 8 is continued until the film reel 8 is at least partly above the horizontal plane of the upper face 3. In this situation, the film reel 8 is therefore slightly spaced from the side face 2 and the face to be covered 3. In addition, the film 7 then leaves the face lateral 2 in the vicinity of the face to be covered 3.

Préalablement, le mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 et de la charge 1 (en l'occurrence le pivotement de la charge) autour du premier axe 12 permet, progressivement, le dépôt de la bande de film 7 sur la face latérale 2.Beforehand, the relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and of the load 1 (in this case the pivoting of the load) around the first axis 12 allows, gradually, the deposition of the film strip 7 on the side face 2.

Le cas échéant et dans la situation représentée sur la figure 1C, on effectue au moins un tour de la charge palettisée 1 de manière que le bord longitudinal de la bande de film 7 vienne à recouvrement sur la face horizontale supérieure 3 à proximité immédiate de la face latérale 2.Where appropriate and in the situation shown in FIG. 1C, at least one revolution of the palletized load 1 is carried out so that the longitudinal edge of the film strip 7 overlaps the upper horizontal face 3 in the immediate vicinity of the side 2.

Selon l'invention, on dépose sur la face d'extrémité 3 le même film 7 que celui, provenant de la bobine 8, destiné à l'emballage de la face latérale 2.According to the invention, the same film 7 as that, coming from the reel 8, intended for packaging the lateral face 2, is deposited on the end face 3.

A cet effet, on réalise au moins une passe dans laquelle (figure 1D) on effectue un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 et de la charge autour d'un second axe de pivotement 20 ayant une direction générale orthogonale au premier axe de pivotement 12 et à l'axe 9. On amène alors la bobine de film 8 dans une position générale proche de la face d'extrémité 3 à recouvrir. Et, dans cette situation, on effectue le mouvement relatif de pivotement autour du premier axe 12.To this end, at least one pass is made in which (FIG. 1D) a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and of the load around a second pivot axis 20 having a general direction orthogonal to the first pivot axis 12 and to the axis 9. The film reel 8 is then brought into a general position close to the end face 3 to be covered . And, in this situation, the relative pivoting movement is carried out around the first axis 12.

Cette séquence est bien visible sur la figure 1D sur laquelle on voit que, par rapport à l'étape précédente illustrée par la figure 1C, la bobine de film 8 étant dans la situation générale obtenue à l'étape 1C, on réalise un pivotement de la bobine de film 8 de l'ordre d'un quart de tour mais pouvant aller jusqu'à trois quarts de tour, l'axe 9 étant amené horizontalement. Le film 7 prend alors une configuration générale en biais ou vrillée entre une arête verticale 6 de la face latérale 2 et la bobine de film 8. Dans cette configuration, le film 7 passe au-dessus de la face d'extrémité 3 à recouvrir, éventuellement est appliqué sur une partie de celle-ci.This sequence is clearly visible in FIG. 1D in which we see that, compared to the previous step illustrated in FIG. 1C, the film reel 8 being in the general situation obtained in step 1C, a pivoting of the film reel 8 of the order of a quarter turn but which can go up to three quarters of a turn, the axis 9 being brought horizontally. The film 7 then takes a general configuration at an angle or twisted between a vertical edge 6 of the lateral face 2 and the film reel 8. In this configuration, the film 7 passes over the end face 3 to be covered, optionally is applied to part of it.

On peut alors (figure 1E) effectuer un mouvement de pivotement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 autour du second axe de pivotement 20 jusqu'à amener l'axe 9 verticalement, la bobine de film 8 se trouvant sensiblement dans la même position relative, en hauteur, par rapport à la charge 1 que dans l'étape illustrée par la figure 1C.We can then (Figure 1E) pivot the axis 9 of the film reel 8 around the second pivot axis 20 until the axis 9 is brought vertically, the film reel 8 being substantially in the same relative position, in height, with respect to the load 1 as in the step illustrated in FIG. 1C.

Il en est résulté que le film 7 a été appliqué sur la face d'extrémité horizontale supérieure 3 à recouvrir.As a result, the film 7 was applied to the upper horizontal end face 3 to be covered.

Sur les figures 1G et 1H, sont illustrées plusieurs passes permettant de recouvrir la face d'extrémité 3 avec la bande de film 7, celle-ci étant disposée selon plusieurs couches superposées, croisées.In FIGS. 1G and 1H, several passes are illustrated making it possible to cover the end face 3 with the film strip 7, the latter being arranged in several overlapping, crossed layers.

On peut alors effectuer un deuxième banderolage hélicoïdal descendant venant croiser le banderolage hélicoïdal ascendant préalablement réalisé sur la face latérale 2.It is then possible to carry out a second descending helical wrapping which crosses the ascending helical wrapping previously produced on the lateral face 2.

Lorsque la bande de film 7 vient au voisinage de la face d'extrémité horizontale inférieure 4 (figure 1I), l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 peut être alors pivoté autour du second axe de pivotement 20 jusqu'à être amené en position horizontale (figure 1J) dans une position similaire à celle représentée sur la figure 1A. Dans cette situation, la pince 19 préalablement ouverte vient récupérer le film 7. La bande de film 7 peut alors être coupée. Sa partie extrême terminale 21 peut être solidarisée sur le film préalablement déposé ou sur la charge 1 elle-même.When the film strip 7 comes in the vicinity of the lower horizontal end face 4 (FIG. 11), the axis 9 of the film reel 8 can then be pivoted around the second pivot axis 20 until it is brought into horizontal position (Figure 1J) in a position similar to that shown in Figure 1A. In this situation, the clamp 19 previously opened comes to recover the film 7. The film strip 7 can then be cut. Its end end portion 21 can be secured to the previously deposited film or to the load 1 itself.

Bien que la description ait été faite dans le cas d'une charge 1 montée à pivotement autour de l'axe 5, le procédé est également applicable dans le cas où la charge est fixe, l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 tournant autour de l'axe 5, la bobine de film 8 tournant elle-même autour de la charge 1.Although the description has been made in the case of a load 1 pivotally mounted about the axis 5, the method is also applicable in the case where the load is fixed, the axis 9 of the film reel 8 rotating around the axis 5, the film reel 8 rotating itself around the load 1.

L'invention est également applicable au cas où la charge présente une direction longitudinale horizontale, la bobine de film 8 tournant autour de cette charge, dans un plan vertical transversal par rapport à la direction d'avancement longitudinale de la charge. Dans ce dernier cas, les faces d'extrémité s'étendent en direction générale verticale, le premier axe de pivotement relatif est de direction générale horizontale et le second axe de pivotement relatif est de direction générale sensiblement orthogonale à un axe horizontal.The invention is also applicable to the case where the load has a horizontal longitudinal direction, the film reel 8 rotating around this load, in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of longitudinal advancement of the load. In the latter case, the end faces extend in a generally vertical direction, the first relative pivot axis is in a generally horizontal direction and the second relative pivot axis is in a general direction substantially orthogonal to a horizontal axis.

On se réfère maintenant plus particulièrement aux figures 2 et 3.Reference is now made more particularly to FIGS. 2 and 3.

La machine comprend des seconds moyens 22 pour assurer un mouvement relatif de pivotement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 et des moyens 10 support de la charge autour du second axe de pivotement 20. La machine comprend également des moyens de commande agissant sur les premiers et seconds moyens pour assurer les deux mouvements relatifs de pivotement afin de coordonner leur fonctionnement de manière à permettre les étapes du procédé précédemment décrites.The machine comprises second means 22 for ensuring a relative pivoting movement of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and means 10 for supporting the load around the second pivot axis 20. The machine also comprises control means acting on the first and second means for ensuring the two relative pivoting movements in order to coordinate their operation so as to allow the steps of the method described above.

Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée par les figures 2 et 3, la machine comprend également des troisièmes moyens pour assurer un mouvement relatif de coulissement de l'axe 9 de la bobine de film 8 et des moyens 10 support de la charge dans une direction générale parallèle au premier axe 12. Ces troisièmes moyens comprennent l'organe de coulissement 15. Les moyens de commande agissent également sur ces troisièmes moyens de coulissement pour coordonner leur fonctionnement avec celui des premiers et seconds moyens de pivotement relatif.In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the machine also comprises third means for ensuring a relative movement of sliding of the axis 9 of the film reel 8 and means 10 for supporting the load in one direction general parallel to the first axis 12. These third means comprise the sliding member 15. The control means also act on these third sliding means to coordinate their operation with that of the first and second relative pivoting means.

La machine comprend en outre des moyens 19 de saisie d'une partie extrême libre initiale 18 de bande de film 7 ; des moyens de solidarisation d'une partie extrême terminale de cette bande de film sur du film déjà déposé sur la charge ou sur la charge elle-même ainsi que des moyens de coupe transversale de la bande de film. Ces différents moyens peuvent être portés par la même pince 19.The machine further comprises means 19 for gripping an initial free end portion 18 of film strip 7; means for securing an end end portion of this strip of film on film already deposited on the load or on the load itself as well as means for cross-cutting the film strip. These different means can be carried by the same clamp 19.

Les seconds moyens 22 assurent le blocage relatif de l'axe 9 dans au moins deux positions de fonctionnement séparées angulairement l'une de l'autre d'environ un quart ou jusqu'à trois quarts de tour.The second means 22 ensure the relative locking of the axis 9 in at least two operating positions angularly separated from each other by about a quarter or up to three quarters of a turn.

On se réfère maintenant plus particulièrement à la figure 3. Sur cette figure est représenté un chariot 16 en deux parties : la partie 16a fait fonction de chariot proprement dit tandis que la partie 16b fait fonction de porte-bobine de film. Les deux parties 16a, 16b sont associées entre elles à pivotement autour du second axe de pivotement 20. A cet effet, un tourillon 23 fixé sur une joue latérale 24 du porte-bobine 16b traverse et est porté pivotant par des paliers 25 des joues latérales 26 du chariot proprement dit 16a. Sur la partie du tourillon 23 située entre les deux joues 26 est calé un pignon 27 sur lequel engrène un pignon 28 entraîné par un mouvement bielle-manivelle 29 lui-même entraîné par un moteur 30 fixé aux joues 26. Dans la forme d'exécution envisagée qui inclut un dispositif de pré-étirage 17 de type motorisé par un moteur 31, ce dernier est également fixé aux joues 26 et vient entraîner via une courroie crantée 32 ou équivalent un axe 33 coaxial au tourillon 23, saillant de la joue 26 et allant jusqu'au porte-bobine de film 16b à sa partie extrême 34 opposée au chariot 16a, l'axe 33 supporte des poulies crantées ou équivalent ou des engrenages qui via des moyens d'entraînement 35 et un renvoi d'angle 36 permet d'entraîner le dispositif de pré-étirage 17.Referring now more particularly to Figure 3. In this figure is shown a carriage 16 in two parts: the part 16a acts as a carriage proper while the part 16b acts as a film reel holder. The two parts 16a, 16b are associated with one another by pivoting about the second pivot axis 20. For this purpose, a pin 23 fixed to a side flange 24 of the spool holder 16b passes through and is pivoted by bearings 25 of the side flanges 26 of the carriage itself 16a. On the part of the pin 23 located between the two cheeks 26 is wedged a pinion 27 on which meshes a pinion 28 driven by a connecting rod-crank movement 29 itself driven by a motor 30 fixed to the cheeks 26. In the embodiment envisaged which includes a pre-stretching device 17 of the motorized type by a motor 31, the latter is also fixed to the cheeks 26 and comes to drive via a toothed belt 32 or equivalent an axis 33 coaxial with the pin 23, projecting from the cheek 26 and going up to the film reel holder 16b at its end portion 34 opposite to the carriage 16a, the axis 33 supports toothed pulleys or equivalent or gears which via drive means 35 and a bevel gear 36 allows '' drive the pre-stretching device 17.

Claims (27)

  1. A method for wrapping an object (1) bounded by a closed lateral face (2) and two end faces (3, 4) using a film of plastics material (7) in which:
    - one initial terminal part of a strip of film originating from a roll (8) of film (7) is associated with the lateral face (2) of the object (1),
    - a relative pivoting movement of the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) and the object (1) is made about a first pivot axis having a general direction which is parallel to the lateral face (2) and the strip of film (7) is progressively laid down up on this lateral face (2),
    - film (7) is laid down on at least one end face (3) which is to be covered,
    - the strip of film (7) is cut and the terminal end thereof is made integral with the film laid down or the object (1),
    characterised in that film (7) from the roll (8) of film (7) is laid down on the end face (3) which is to be covered and for this purpose at least one pass is made in which:
    - a relative pivoting movement of the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) and the object (1) is made about a second pivot axis (20) which has a general direction at right angles to the first pivot axis and the axis (9) of the roll of film of the order of one quarter to three quarters of a turn,
    - the roll (8) of film (7) is moved to a general position close to the end face (3) which is to be covered or its extension, and in this situation the relative pivoting movement about the first pivot axis is performed.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that a strip (8) of film (7) whose width is equal to at least half of the largest dimension of the end face (3) which is to be covered is used.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the relative pivot movement about the first pivot axis is made without any substantial stop between covering the lateral face (2) and the end face (3) which is to be covered.
  4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that while the roll (8) of film (7) is being laid down on the lateral face (2), a sliding movement is made relative to the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) and the object (1) in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis.
  5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the relative pivot movement is made about the second pivot axis (20) when the roll (8) of film (7) has been moved into a general position away from the lateral face (2) and the end face (3) which is to be covered, and the strip of film (7) leaves the lateral face (2) in the vicinity of the end face (3) which is to be covered.
  6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that once the relative pivot movement about the second pivot axis (20) has begun, a sliding movement is made relative to the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) and the object (1) in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis.
  7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that several passes are made in order to cover the end face (3) which is to be covered in such a way that the strip of film (7) is laid down in several superimposed and crossed layers.
  8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a strip of film (7) whose width is a fraction of the distance separating the two end faces (3, 4) of the object (1) is used.
  9. A method according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one helical wrap is provided on the lateral face (2).
  10. A method according to claim 9, characterised in that a helical wrap is made with abutting or overlapping turns.
  11. A method according to claim 9, characterised in that the end face (3) is covered using two helical wraps in opposing directions.
  12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the two end faces (3, 4) of the object (1) are covered.
  13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that a strip of stretchable film is used.
  14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that a strip of heat-shrinking film is used.
  15. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the strip of film is stretched between the object and the roll of film or by prestretching before it is applied to the object.
  16. A method according to claims 13 and 15, characterised in that the strip of film (7) is also stretched when wrapping an end face (3) which is to be covered.
  17. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that an object (1) having one lateral face (2) which extends in a general vertical direction and end faces (3,4) which extend in a general horizontal direction is used, the first relative pivot axis being in a general vertical direction and the second pivot axis (20) being in a general horizontal direction.
  18. A method according to claim 17, characterised in that the object (1) is caused to pivot about its vertical axis (5), the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) being caused to pivot about a horizontal axis which intersects or is close to the pivot axis of the object (1) and may be capable of sliding in a general vertical direction.
  19. A method according to claim 17, characterised in that the object (1) is fixed, the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) is caused to pivot about the vertical axis of the object, pivoting about a horizontal axis intersecting or close to the vertical axis (5) of the object (1), and may be capable of sliding in a general vertical direction.
  20. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that an object (1) having a lateral face (2) which extends in a general horizontal direction and end faces which extend in a general vertical direction is used, the first relative pivot axis being in a general horizontal direction and the second relative pivot axis being in a general direction which is substantially at right angles to a horizontal axis.
  21. A machine for wrapping an object using a film of plastics material comprising:
    - means (10) for supporting the object,
    - means (11) for supporting a roll (8) of strip of film,
    - first means for ensuring a relative pivoting movement for axis (9) of the roll (8) of film and means (10) for supporting the object about a first pivot axis which has a general direction which is parallel to the axis (9) of the roll of film,
    - second means (22) to ensure relative pivoting movement of the axis of the roll (8) of film and the means (10) supporting the object about a second pivot axis (20) having a general direction which is at right angles to the first pivot axis and the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film between at least a first operating position and a second operating position, the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) in the first operating position being at right angles to the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) in the second operating position
    - control means acting on the first and second means to effect the two relative pivot movements so as to coordinate their operation, characterised in that they comprise means (22) for ensuring relative immobilisation of the axis (9) of the roll (8) in these two operating positions.
  22. A machine according to claim 21, characterised in that it also comprises third means (15) to ensure relative sliding movement of the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) and the means supporting the object in a general direction parallel to the first pivot axis, the control means acting on the third sliding means (15) to coordinate its operation with that of the first and second relative pivot means.
  23. A machine according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that it also comprises means (19) for seizing an initial terminal part of the strip of film (7), means for making a terminal part of the strip of film integral with the film which has been laid down or the object (1), and means for transversely cutting the strip of film, characterised in that the two operating positions are offset angularly with respect to each other by about one quarter or three quarters of a turn, namely an operating position in which the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) is parallel to the axis (5) of the table (10) and an operating position in which the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7) is perpendicular to the axis (5) of the table (10).
  24. A machine according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterised in that it comprises means (17) for stretching or prestretching the strip of film.
  25. A machine according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterised in that the means (10) supporting the object (1) comprise a table (10) having a general horizontal direction, the means (11) supporting a roll (8) of film (7) comprise at least a mast (13) in a generally vertical direction and a carriage (16) supporting the roll (8) of film (7) supported directly or indirectly by the mast (13), mounted so that it can slide vertically and pivot about a horizontal axis (20) at right angles to the axis (9) of the roll (8) of film (7).
  26. A machine according to claim 25, characterised in that the table (10) is mounted to pivot about an axis having a general vertical direction and the mast (13) is fixed.
  27. A machine according to claim 25, characterised in that the table (10) is fixed and the carriage is arranged so as to describe a double vertical sliding and rotational movement along a ring surrounding the table.
EP91401689A 1990-07-16 1991-06-21 Method and machine for packaging the lateral face and an end face of a charge Expired - Lifetime EP0467729B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9009059 1990-07-16
FR9009059A FR2664565B1 (en) 1990-07-16 1990-07-16 METHOD AND MACHINE FOR PACKAGING THE SIDE SIDE AND AN END FACE OF A LOAD.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0467729A1 EP0467729A1 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0467729B1 true EP0467729B1 (en) 1995-01-18

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EP91401689A Expired - Lifetime EP0467729B1 (en) 1990-07-16 1991-06-21 Method and machine for packaging the lateral face and an end face of a charge

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US (2) US5447008A (en)
EP (1) EP0467729B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2047058C (en)
DE (1) DE69106801T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2069845T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2664565B1 (en)

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FR2617123B1 (en) * 1987-06-26 1989-12-29 Newtec Int TAPE WITH LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT, PACKAGING METHOD AND PACKAGING COMPRISING SUCH A TAPE, INSTALLATION AND MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PACKAGING PROCESS, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A TAPE
JPH0723146B2 (en) * 1988-12-26 1995-03-15 ローレルバンクマシン株式会社 Large bundle binding machine for paper sheets
JP2810220B2 (en) * 1990-07-06 1998-10-15 鐘紡株式会社 Active oxygen scavenger

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ES2069845T3 (en) 1995-05-16
US5450711A (en) 1995-09-19
FR2664565A1 (en) 1992-01-17
DE69106801D1 (en) 1995-03-02
DE69106801T2 (en) 1995-09-07
CA2047058A1 (en) 1992-01-17
EP0467729A1 (en) 1992-01-22
CA2047058C (en) 1997-09-30
FR2664565B1 (en) 1994-05-13
US5447008A (en) 1995-09-05

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