EP0178513A2 - Method and moulding plant for machine made horizontally divided boxless sand moulds - Google Patents

Method and moulding plant for machine made horizontally divided boxless sand moulds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178513A2
EP0178513A2 EP85112218A EP85112218A EP0178513A2 EP 0178513 A2 EP0178513 A2 EP 0178513A2 EP 85112218 A EP85112218 A EP 85112218A EP 85112218 A EP85112218 A EP 85112218A EP 0178513 A2 EP0178513 A2 EP 0178513A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molding
station
bale
machine
molding machine
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EP85112218A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0178513B1 (en
EP0178513A3 (en
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Eugen Dipl.-Ing. Bühler
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C11/00—Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same
    • B22C11/10—Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same with one or more flasks forming part of the machine, from which only the sand moulds made by compacting are removed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/28—Compacting by different means acting simultaneously or successively, e.g. preliminary blowing and finally pressing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing horizontally divided, boxless sand block casting molds, the lower bales and upper bales of which are alternately formed in the same molding station of a vacuum molding machine, wherein first a lower bale is shaped, turned and out of the molding station into a core setting station is driven, from which, after being fitted with cores, it is moved back into the molding station and inserted therein with a now formed upper bale, whereupon the now finished sand block casting mold is stripped and driven onto a casting line.
  • Another idea of the invention is based on a molding plant for carrying out this method, consisting of a vacuum molding machine, in the molding station of which the lower and upper bales of the casting molds are produced alternately, a core setting station, a casting and cooling section, and a pallet return section.
  • a method and a molding plant of this type are known from DE-PS 33 39 620.
  • the invention represents a further development of this state of the art, in which for the first time a single-station molding machine is used for the alternate production of lower and upper bales.
  • the known single-station molding machine contains a molding frame which consists of a lower and an upper box, as well as a hollow model plate carrier which is reversible in the molding station and which is divided into two chambers by a horizontal partition and is covered on both sides with the model plates for the lower and upper bales .
  • the empty upper box is located above the lower box and surrounds the sand bunker, which can be closed at its lower end by a shooting and pressing grate.
  • the lower box with the lower ball contained therein is moved out of the molding station, turned and placed on a core insertion station, from which it is moved back to the molding station after the upper mold has been lifted off the model plate and after it has been extended.
  • the upper box is then lowered onto the lower box and the mold added is stripped and then extended to a casting and cooling section.
  • the core setting time could indeed be extended without stretching the cycle time for forming the upper bale if the core setting station assigned to this molding machine were designed as a turntable or a carriage track. Then, however, the number of sub-boxes would have to be multiplied in accordance with that of the parking spaces on the core setting station in this molding plant, so that the investment costs rose considerably.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the described prior art and to achieve economical production of upper and lower bales in one and the same forming station, not only a lower construction height than the known arrangement of the single station used here -Moulding machine allows, but also the number of machine mold boxes required is reduced as much as possible and yet the conditions are to be created so that the core setting time can be extended if necessary without having to extend the cycle time of the molding system. Furthermore, the prerequisites are to be created for optimally adapting the bale height of the casting molds to the respective model height in order to achieve the lowest possible sand consumption and low energy expenditure for the transport of the mold with a frequently changing mold program.
  • each lower bale is placed after turning on a bale transport device provided with centering devices and is stripped from the machine molding box of the vacuum molding machine before moving out of the molding station and that the associated top bale is in the same machine molding box as the lower ball is formed.
  • the device-based solution of the above object is that-the vacuum molding machine with only one machine-fixed to one.
  • horizontal axis reversible molding box is equipped, in which both the lower bale and the upper bale are formed and which is stripped before the respective bale moves out of the forming station.
  • the vacuum molding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 in various possible working positions has four guide columns 2, on which the support frame 3 for one Sand bunker 5 and the support frame 4 for a machine mold box 6 can be adjusted vertically by means of hydraulic cylinders 3a and 4a.
  • the support frame 4 has a turning device 7 in order to be able to turn the machine mold box 6 about a horizontal axis.
  • the sand bunker 5 is provided on its underside with a closable shooting and pressing grate 8, which has such external dimensions that it can be immersed in the molding box 6.
  • a molding table 10 is fixedly attached, which has centering 11 for transport pallets 12 and flat hollow model plate carriers 13 on its table surface. It is provided with connections 23 for a vacuum and a compressed air source 24, which can come into operative connection via a valve control with the cavity in the model plate carrier, which can be sealed off from the molding table 10 by seals 13a.
  • the molding table is surrounded by two vertically adjustable transport roller devices 14 and 15, which enable the pallets and model plate carriers to be transported in and out in various directions.
  • the molding machine 1 includes a model plate changing device 16 (FIG. 2) with which the two model plate carriers with the model plates for the lower ball and the upper ball can be brought alternately into the forming station. Furthermore, the molding machine 1 is assigned a core setting station 17, which in the case shown is designed as a turntable, but could also be designed as a carnation track.
  • the molding system also includes a supply, casting and cooling section 18 with a transfer station 19, a casting station 20 and an unpacking station 21, to which a pallet return section 22 for the pallets freed from the sand block casting molds connects to the molding machine 1.
  • the model plate carrier 13 with the lower ball model is first pushed over the forming table 10 and lowered onto it, whereby it is precisely aligned by means of the centerings 11 and its cavity is tightly connected to the vacuum and compressed air connections in the forming table. Then the support frames 3 and 4 are controlled by the control device 23 until the machine mold box 6 with seals 6a rests on the mold plate carrier 13 and the shooting grate 8 is immersed in the mold box 6 to a degree predetermined by the model height.
  • the shooting grate is opened and, via valves 26 controlled by the control device 25, a vacuum is suddenly produced in the mold table 10, which propagates through the hollow model plate carrier and air channels sealed with sand filters in the model plate, model and model plate carrier top side into the mold box and the molding sand in these can be shot.
  • the molding sand compacted in the process can then be pressed in by further immersing the shooting grate, which has meanwhile been moved into the closed position.
  • a pneumatic re-compression can also be carried out using an air blast pulse.
  • the support frame 3 with sand bunker 5 and support frame 4 with the mold box 6 containing the lower ball are moved upwards, until the required space for the turning process of the mold box 6 is reached.
  • the lifting process of the bale from the model can, if necessary, be supported by blowing compressed air into the cavity of the model plate carrier 13 after the line to the vacuum source has been closed again.
  • the model plate carrier 13 is now moved out of the molding station, the molding box is turned through 180 ° by means of the turning device 7, and a transport pallet 12 is lowered onto the molding table by means of the transport roller device 15, which is raised relative to the transport roller device 14 and positioned exactly by means of the centerings 11.
  • the support frame 4 is lowered with the molding box 6 and the turned under ball placed on the pallet 12.
  • the molding box is stripped from the lower ball.
  • the transport roller device 15 is then raised again and the lower ball is extended into a core setting station 17 on the pallet 12 lifted off the molding table 10. Then the support frame 4 with the molding box 6 is raised again to the starting position.
  • the model plate carrier with the upper bale model plate is moved into the forming station and the upper trap is produced by vacuum shooting in the manner described above.
  • the molding box 6 with the compacted upper bale is not turned over, however, but is placed on a lower bale that has now been moved from the core setting station 17 into the forming station and is centered therein and equipped with cores.
  • the molding box 6 can be stripped from the added casting mold by lowering it further into the position shown in dashed lines.
  • the sand bunker is lowered by means of the supporting frame until its closed grate 8 comes to the top of the upper bale resting on the lower bale. While holding the grate 8 in place, the support frame 4 is then raised and the molding box 6 is stripped.
  • the transport roller device 14 is then raised and the finished sand block casting mold is extended onto the supply, casting and cooling section 18, and a new molding cycle can begin.
  • a new molding cycle can begin.
  • At the end of a series of molds then only the upper bale present in the number of lower bales on the core setting station is formed, so that no excess bales need to be knocked out in the forming station or core setting station.
  • the individual operations take place in accordance with a clock sequence predetermined by the control device 25, it being possible for a bridging circuit to be provided for the aforementioned purpose.
  • the supply, pouring and cooling section 18 is expediently constructed in the manner of the system described in the international application according to PCT WO 81/02698 and has a deflection 19, a pouring station 20 and an unpacking station 21. In addition to this, there is a connection to the unpacking station 21 Separate pallet return path 22 to the molding machine 1 is provided, on which the empty, mechanically brushed transport pallets are moved directly into the molding station of the molding machine 1.

Abstract

Zur Herstellung von horizontal geteilten kastenlosen Sandblock-Gießformen dient eine Formanlage, die aus einer Vakuu-Formschießmaschine 1, einer Vorrats-, Gieß- und Kühlstrecke 18 mit Umlaststation 19, Gießstation 20, Auspackstation 21 und Paletten-Rücklaufstrecke 22 besteht. Die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine 1 ist mit einer Modellplatten-Wechseleinrichtung 16 versehen und als Einstation-Formmaschine ausgebildet, auf der Unter- und Oberballen der Gießform im Wechsel hergestellt werden. Sie hat einen maschinenfesten Formkasten, der vor dem Ausfahren jedes Ballens aus der Formstation gestrippt wird. Das ermöglicht die Zuordnung zu einer Kernsetzstation 17 mit mehreren Ballenstandplätzen ohne zusätzliche Maschinen-Formkästen.For the production of horizontally divided boxless sand block casting molds, a molding system is used, which consists of a vacuum molding machine 1, a supply, casting and cooling section 18 with transfer station 19, casting station 20, unpacking station 21 and pallet return section 22. The vacuum molding machine 1 is provided with a model plate changing device 16 and is designed as a one-station molding machine, on which the lower and upper bales of the casting mold are alternately produced. It has a machine-fixed molding box that is stripped before each bale is moved out of the molding station. This enables the assignment to a core setting station 17 with several bale positions without additional machine mold boxes.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft nach einem ersten Erfindungsgedanken ein Verfahren zur Herstellung horizontal geteilter, kastenloser Sandblock-Gießformen, deren Unterballen und Oberballen im Wechsel in derselben Formstation einer Vakuum-Formschießmaschine geformt werden, wobei zunächst ein Unterballen geformt, gewendet und aus der Formstation heraus in eine Kernsetzstation gefahren wird, aus der er nach der Bestückung mit Kernen wieder in die Formstation eingefahren und hierin mit einem inzwischen geformten Oberballen zugelegt wird, worauf die nun fertige Sandblock-Gießform gestrippt und auf eine Gießstrecke gefahren wird. Ein weiterer Erfindungsgedanke geht auf eine Formanlage zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens, bestehend aus 'einer Vakuum-Formschießmaschine, in deren Formstation die Unterballen und Oberballen der Gießformen im Wechsel hergestellt werden, einer Kernsetzstation, einer Gieß- und Kühlstrecke, sowie einer Paletten-Rücklaufstrecke.According to a first idea of the invention, the invention relates to a method for producing horizontally divided, boxless sand block casting molds, the lower bales and upper bales of which are alternately formed in the same molding station of a vacuum molding machine, wherein first a lower bale is shaped, turned and out of the molding station into a core setting station is driven, from which, after being fitted with cores, it is moved back into the molding station and inserted therein with a now formed upper bale, whereupon the now finished sand block casting mold is stripped and driven onto a casting line. Another idea of the invention is based on a molding plant for carrying out this method, consisting of a vacuum molding machine, in the molding station of which the lower and upper bales of the casting molds are produced alternately, a core setting station, a casting and cooling section, and a pallet return section.

Ein Verfahren und eine Formanlage dieser Art sind aus der DE-PS 33 39 620 bekannt. Die Erfindung stellt eine Weiterentwicklung dieses Standes der Technik dar, bei dem erstmals eine Einstation-Formschießmaschine zur wechselweisen Herstellung von Unter- und Oberballen Verwendung findet. Die bekannte Einstation-Formschießmaschine enthält einen Formrahmen, der aus einem Unter-und einem Oberkasten besteht, sowie einen in der Formstation wendbaren, hohlen Modellplattenträger, der durch eine horizontale Trennwand in zwei Kammern unterteilt und beidseitig mit den Modellplatten für Unter- und Oberballen belegt ist. Während der Herstellung der Unterform befindet sich der leere Oberkasten über dem Unterkasten und umgibt den an seinem unteren Ende durch einen Schieß- und Preßrost verschließbaren Sandbunker. Vor der anschließenden Herstellung der Oberform wird der Unterkasten mit dem darin enthaltenen Unterballen aus der Formstation herausgefahren, dabei gewendet und auf einer Kerneinlegestation abgesetzt, von der er nach dem Abheben der Oberform von der Modellplatte und nach deren Ausfahren wieder in die Formstation zurückgefahren wird. Darin wird sodann der Oberkasten auf den Unterkasten abgesenkt und die dabei zugelegte Form gestrippt und anschließend auf eine Gieß- und Kühlstrecke ausgefahren.A method and a molding plant of this type are known from DE-PS 33 39 620. The invention represents a further development of this state of the art, in which for the first time a single-station molding machine is used for the alternate production of lower and upper bales. The known single-station molding machine contains a molding frame which consists of a lower and an upper box, as well as a hollow model plate carrier which is reversible in the molding station and which is divided into two chambers by a horizontal partition and is covered on both sides with the model plates for the lower and upper bales . During the manufacture of the lower mold, the empty upper box is located above the lower box and surrounds the sand bunker, which can be closed at its lower end by a shooting and pressing grate. Before the subsequent production of the upper mold, the lower box with the lower ball contained therein is moved out of the molding station, turned and placed on a core insertion station, from which it is moved back to the molding station after the upper mold has been lifted off the model plate and after it has been extended. The upper box is then lowered onto the lower box and the mold added is stripped and then extended to a casting and cooling section.

Obwohl bei dieser Formmaschine bereits eine niedrige Bauhöhe angestrebt worden ist, konnte dieses Ziel, bedingt durch die in Start- und Endstellung vertikal übereinander angeordneten Maschinen-Formkästen und den erforderlichen Freiraum für die'Wendebewegung des quaderförmigen beidseitig belegten Modellplattenträgers, doch noch nicht befriedigend erreicht werden. Auch reicht in manchen Fällen die für das Kernsetzen zur Verfügung stehende Zeit nicht aus, weil sie von der Herstellzeit der Oberform bestimmt wird.Although a low overall height has already been striven for in this molding machine, this goal was able to be achieved due to the machine mold boxes arranged vertically one above the other in the start and end positions and the space required for the 'turning movement of the cuboid model plate carrier covered on both sides, can not yet be achieved satisfactorily. In some cases, the time available for core setting is also not sufficient because it is determined by the manufacturing time of the upper mold.

Zwar könnte die Kernsetzzeit ohne Dehnung der Taktzeit für die Formung des Oberballens verlägnert werden, wenn die dieser Formmaschine zugeordnete' Kernsetzstation als Drehteller oder Karreebahn ausgebildet würde. Dann müßte aber bei dieser Formanlage die Anzahl der Unterkästen entsprechend der der Abstellplätze auf der Kernsetzstation vervielfacht werden, so daß die Investitionskosten erheblich stiegen.The core setting time could indeed be extended without stretching the cycle time for forming the upper bale if the core setting station assigned to this molding machine were designed as a turntable or a carriage track. Then, however, the number of sub-boxes would have to be multiplied in accordance with that of the parking spaces on the core setting station in this molding plant, so that the investment costs rose considerably.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile des geschilderten Standes der Technik zu vermeiden und eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung von Oberballen und Unterballen in ein- und derselben Formstation zu erreichen, wobei nicht nur eine gegenüber der bekannten Anordnung noch niedrigere Bauhöhe der hierbei zum Einsatz kommenden Einstation-Formschießmaschine ermöglicht, sondern auch die Anzahl der benötigten Maschinen-Formkästen weitestgehend reduziert und dennoch die Voraussetzungen dafür geschaffen werden sollen, daß bei Bedarf die Kernsetzzeit verlängert werden kann, ohne die Taktzeit der Formanlage ausdehnen zu müssen. Weiter sollen die Voraussetzungen dafür geschaffen werden, die Ballenhöhe der Gießformen der jeweiligen Modellhöhe optimal anpassen zu können, um bei häufig wechselndem Formprogramm einen möglichst niedrigen Sandverbrauch und niedrigen Energieaufwand zum Formentransport zu erreichen.The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the described prior art and to achieve economical production of upper and lower bales in one and the same forming station, not only a lower construction height than the known arrangement of the single station used here -Moulding machine allows, but also the number of machine mold boxes required is reduced as much as possible and yet the conditions are to be created so that the core setting time can be extended if necessary without having to extend the cycle time of the molding system. Furthermore, the prerequisites are to be created for optimally adapting the bale height of the casting molds to the respective model height in order to achieve the lowest possible sand consumption and low energy expenditure for the transport of the mold with a frequently changing mold program.

Die verfahrensmäßige Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht darin, daß jeder Unterballen nach dem Wenden auf eine mit Zentriereinrichtungen versehene Ballen-Transporteinrichtung abgesetzt und vor dem Ausfahren aus der Formstation aus dem Maschinenformkasten der Vakuum-Formschießmaschine gestrippt wird und daß der zugehörige Oberballen in demselben Maschinen-Formkasten wie der Unterballen geformt wird.
Die vorrichtungmäßige Lösung der obengenannten Aufgabe besteht darin, daß-die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine mit nur einem maschinenfesten, um eine. horizontale Achse wendbaren Formkasten ausgerüstet ist, in dem sowohl die Unterballen als auch die Oberballen geformt werden und der vor dem Ausfahren des jeweiligen Ballens aus der Formstation gestrippt wird.The procedural solution to this problem is that each lower bale is placed after turning on a bale transport device provided with centering devices and is stripped from the machine molding box of the vacuum molding machine before moving out of the molding station and that the associated top bale is in the same machine molding box as the lower ball is formed.
The device-based solution of the above object is that-the vacuum molding machine with only one machine-fixed to one. horizontal axis reversible molding box is equipped, in which both the lower bale and the upper bale are formed and which is stripped before the respective bale moves out of the forming station.

Diese Maßnahmen stellen sicher, daß für die wechselweise Herstellung von Oberballen und Unterballen lediglich ein Maschinen-formkasten erforderlich ist, was nicht nur eine niedrige Bauhöhe der Formschießmaschine, sondern auch einen einfachen und mit geringen Investitionen zu verwirklichenden Aufbau ergibt.These measures ensure that only one machine molding box is required for the alternate production of upper bales and lower bales, which results not only in a low overall height of the molding machine, but also in a simple construction which can be implemented with little investment.

Diese Maßnahmen nach den Ansprüchen 2 bis 4 und 6 bis . 15 stellen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der oben angegebenen, übergeordneten Lösung dar. Die Maßnahmen der Ansprüche 6 bis 9 dienen dabei vor allem der Verwirklichung einer besonders niedrigen Bauhöhe der Formschießmaschine. Die Maßnahmen der Ansprüche 2 sowie 10 und 11 ermöglichen die Einsparung von Formsand und Transportenergie, während die Maßnahmen gemäß den weiteren Ansprüchen 3 und 4 sowie 12 bis 15 vor allem eine wirtschaftliche Ausdehnung der Kernsetzzeit bei kernreichem Guß ermöglichen.These measures according to claims 2 to 4 and 6 to. 15 represent advantageous developments of the above-mentioned, higher-level solution. The measures of claims 6 to 9 serve primarily to achieve a particularly low overall height of the molding machine. The measures of claims 2 and 10 and 11 enable the saving of molding sand and transport energy, while the measures according to further claims 3 and 4 and 12 to 15 above all host one enable economic expansion of the core setting time with core-rich casting.

Nachstehend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Formanlage anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of a molding system according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vakuum-Formschießmaschine und
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Formanlage, in die die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine gemäß Figur 1 integriert ist.
The drawing shows:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a vacuum molding machine according to the invention and
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a molding system, in which the vacuum molding machine according to Figure 1 is integrated.

Die in Figur 1 in verschiedenen möglichen Arbeitsstellungen gezeigte Vakuum-Formschießmaschine 1 hat vier Führungssäulen 2, an denen der Tragrahmen 3 für einen Sandbunker 5 und der Tragrahmen 4 für einen Maschinen- Formkasten 6 mittels Hydraulikzylinder 3a bzw. 4a vertikal verstellbar sind. Der Tragrahmen 4 hat eine Wendeeinrichtung 7, um den Maschinen-Formkasten 6 um eine horizontale Achse wenden zu können.The vacuum molding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 in various possible working positions has four guide columns 2, on which the support frame 3 for one Sand bunker 5 and the support frame 4 for a machine mold box 6 can be adjusted vertically by means of hydraulic cylinders 3a and 4a. The support frame 4 has a turning device 7 in order to be able to turn the machine mold box 6 about a horizontal axis.

Der Sandbunker 5 ist an seiner Unterseite mit einem verschließbaren Schieß- und Preßrost 8 versehen, der solche Außenabmessungen hat, daß er in den Formkasten 6 eintauchen kann.The sand bunker 5 is provided on its underside with a closable shooting and pressing grate 8, which has such external dimensions that it can be immersed in the molding box 6.

Auf der Grundplatte 9 ist ein Formtisch 10 fest angebracht, der auf seiner Tischfläche Zentrierungen 11 für Transport-Paletten 12 und flache hohle Modellplattenträger 13 hat. Er ist mit Anschlüssen 23 für eine Vakuu- und eine Druckluftquelle 24 versehen, die über eine Ventilsteuerung mit dem Hohlraum im Modellplattenträger in Wirkverbindung treten können, der durch Dichtungen 13a gegenüber dem Formtisch 10 abgedichtet sein kann. Umgeben ist der Formtisch von zwei vertikal verstellbaren Transportrollen-Einrichtungen 14 und 15, die den Zu- und Abtransport der Paletten und Modellplattenträger in verschiedene Ridtungen ermöglichen.On the base plate 9, a molding table 10 is fixedly attached, which has centering 11 for transport pallets 12 and flat hollow model plate carriers 13 on its table surface. It is provided with connections 23 for a vacuum and a compressed air source 24, which can come into operative connection via a valve control with the cavity in the model plate carrier, which can be sealed off from the molding table 10 by seals 13a. The molding table is surrounded by two vertically adjustable transport roller devices 14 and 15, which enable the pallets and model plate carriers to be transported in and out in various directions.

Zur Formmaschine 1 gehört eine Modellplatten-Wechseleinrichtung 16 (Fig. 2), mit der alternierend die beiden Modellplattenträger mit den Modellplatten-für Unterballen und Oberballen in die Formstation gebracht werden können. Weiter ist der Formmaschine 1 eine Kemsetzstation 17 zugeordnet, die im dargestellten Fall als Drehtisch ausgebildet ist, aber auch als Karnebahn ausgebildet sein könnte.The molding machine 1 includes a model plate changing device 16 (FIG. 2) with which the two model plate carriers with the model plates for the lower ball and the upper ball can be brought alternately into the forming station. Furthermore, the molding machine 1 is assigned a core setting station 17, which in the case shown is designed as a turntable, but could also be designed as a carnation track.

Zur Formanlage gehört weiter eine Vorrats-, Gieß- und Kühlstrecke 18 mit einer Umlaststation 19, einer Gießstation 20 und einer Äuspackstation 21, an die eine Paletten-Rücklaufstrecke 22 für die von den Sandblock-Gießformen befreiten Paletten zur Formmaschine 1 anschließt.The molding system also includes a supply, casting and cooling section 18 with a transfer station 19, a casting station 20 and an unpacking station 21, to which a pallet return section 22 for the pallets freed from the sand block casting molds connects to the molding machine 1.

Zur Herstellung der Gießformen wird zunächst der Modellplattenträger 13 mit dem Unterballenmodell über den Formtisch 10 geschoben und darauf abgesenkt, wobei er mittels der Zentrierungen 11 genau ausgerichtet und sein Hohlraum mit dem Vakuum- und Druckluftanschlüssen im Formtisch dicht verbunden wird. Sodann werden die Tragrahmen 3 und 4 von der Steuereinrichtung 23 gesteuert, soweit abgesenkt, bis der Maschinen-Formkasten 6 mit Dichtungen 6a auf dem Mdoellplattenträger 13 aufliegt und der Schießrost 8 bis auf ein durch die Modellhöhe vorgegebenes Maß in den Formkasten 6 eintaucht. Nun wird der Schießrost geöffnet und über durch die Steuerungseinrichtung 25 gesteuerte Ventile 26 ruckartig ein Unterdruck im Formtisch 10 erzeigt, der sich durch den hohlen Modellplattenträger und mit Sandfiltern abgedichtete Luftkanäle in Modellplatte, Modell und Modellplattenträger-Oberseite in den Formkasten fortpflanzt und den Formsand in diesen einschießen läßt. Der dabei verdichtete Formsand kann sodann durch weiteres Eintauchen des inzwischen in Schließstellung gefahrenen Schießrostes nachgepreßt werden. Bei Verwendung eines Schießrostes mit hohlen Roststäben und Luftdüsen kann aber auch eine pneumatische Nachverdichtung durch Luftstoß-Impuls erfolgen.To produce the casting molds, the model plate carrier 13 with the lower ball model is first pushed over the forming table 10 and lowered onto it, whereby it is precisely aligned by means of the centerings 11 and its cavity is tightly connected to the vacuum and compressed air connections in the forming table. Then the support frames 3 and 4 are controlled by the control device 23 until the machine mold box 6 with seals 6a rests on the mold plate carrier 13 and the shooting grate 8 is immersed in the mold box 6 to a degree predetermined by the model height. Now the shooting grate is opened and, via valves 26 controlled by the control device 25, a vacuum is suddenly produced in the mold table 10, which propagates through the hollow model plate carrier and air channels sealed with sand filters in the model plate, model and model plate carrier top side into the mold box and the molding sand in these can be shot. The molding sand compacted in the process can then be pressed in by further immersing the shooting grate, which has meanwhile been moved into the closed position. When using a shooting grate with hollow grate bars and air nozzles, a pneumatic re-compression can also be carried out using an air blast pulse.

Nun werden der Tragrahmen 3 mit Sandbunker 5 und Tragrahmen 4 mit dem den Unterballen enthaltenden Formkasten 6 nach oben gefahren, und zwar so weit, bis der erforderliche Freiraum für den Wendevorgang des Formkastens 6 erreicht ist. Der Abhebevorgang des Ballens vom Modell kann erforderlichenfalls durch Einblasen von Druckluft in den Hohlraum des Modellplattenträgers 13 unterstützt werden, nachdem die Leitung zur Vakuumquelle wieder geschlossen worden ist.Now the support frame 3 with sand bunker 5 and support frame 4 with the mold box 6 containing the lower ball are moved upwards, until the required space for the turning process of the mold box 6 is reached. The lifting process of the bale from the model can, if necessary, be supported by blowing compressed air into the cavity of the model plate carrier 13 after the line to the vacuum source has been closed again.

Der Modellplattenträger 13 wird nun aus der Formstation ausgefahren, der Formkasten mtitels der Wendeeinrichtung 7 um 180° gewendet und eine Transport-Palette 12 mittels der Transportrollen-Einrichtung 15, die dazu gegenüber der Transportrollen-Einrichtung 14 angehoben wird, eingefahren, auf den Formtisch abgesenkt und mittels der Zentrierungen 11 exakt positioniert. Nunmehr wird der Tragrahmen 4 mit Formkasten 6 abgesenkt und der gewendete Unterballen auf der Palette 12 abgesetzt. Durch weiteres Absenken des Tragrahmens 4 in die in der rechten Hälfte der Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellte Position wird der Formkasten vom Unterballen gestrippt.The model plate carrier 13 is now moved out of the molding station, the molding box is turned through 180 ° by means of the turning device 7, and a transport pallet 12 is lowered onto the molding table by means of the transport roller device 15, which is raised relative to the transport roller device 14 and positioned exactly by means of the centerings 11. Now the support frame 4 is lowered with the molding box 6 and the turned under ball placed on the pallet 12. By lowering the support frame 4 further into the position shown in dashed lines in the right half of FIG. 1, the molding box is stripped from the lower ball.

Anschließend wird die Transportrollen-Einrichtung 15 wieder angehoben und der Unterballen auf der dabei vom Formtisch 10 abgehobenen Palette 12 in eine Kernsetzstation 17 ausgefahren. Danach wird der Tragrahmen 4 mit dem Formkasten 6 wieder in die Ausgangsposition hochgefahren.The transport roller device 15 is then raised again and the lower ball is extended into a core setting station 17 on the pallet 12 lifted off the molding table 10. Then the support frame 4 with the molding box 6 is raised again to the starting position.

Bei Verwendung einer Kensetzstation mit mehreren Unterballen-Stellplätzen werden die vorstehend beschriebenen Arbeitsgänge so oft wiederholt, bis alle Stellplätze mit einem Unterballen belegt sind. Danach erfolgt alternierend die Herstellung von Ober- und Unterballen.When using a Kensetzstation with several lower bale parking spaces are described above Repeat operations until all pitches are covered with a ball. Then the top and bottom bales are produced alternately.

Dazu wird der Modellplattenträger mit der Oberballen-Modellplatte in die Formstation eingefahren und der Oberfallen durch Vakuum-Schießen auf die vorstehend beschriebene Weise hergestellt. Der Formkasten 6 mit dem verdichteten Oberballen wird allerdings nicht gewendet, sondern auf einen inzwischen auf der Transport-Palette 12 aus der Kernsetzstation 17 in die Formstation eingefahrenen und darin zentrierten, mit Kernen bestückten Unterballen abgesetzt. Bei kleineren Ballen-Abmessungen kann der Formkasten 6 durch weiteres Absenken in die bereits erwähnte gestrichelt dargestellte Position von der zugelegten Gießform gestrippt werden. Bei größeren Gießformen, bei denen der Rückfeder-Effekt des verdichteten Formsandes ein merkliches Wachsen des Unterballens bewirkt, kann es zweckmäßig sein, den Formkasten 6 vom Oberballen nach oben zu strippen, um ein Abschaben des Sandes von den Seitenflächen des Unterballens beim Durchtauchen des Formkastens zu vermeiden. Dazu wird der Sandbunker mittels des Tragrahmens so weit abgesenkt, bis sein geschlossener Rost 8 auf die Oberseite des auf den Unterballen aufliegenden Oberballens kommt. Unter Gegenhalten des Rostes 8 wird der Tragrahmen 4 sodann hochgefahren und der Formkasten 6 gestrippt.For this purpose, the model plate carrier with the upper bale model plate is moved into the forming station and the upper trap is produced by vacuum shooting in the manner described above. The molding box 6 with the compacted upper bale is not turned over, however, but is placed on a lower bale that has now been moved from the core setting station 17 into the forming station and is centered therein and equipped with cores. In the case of smaller bale dimensions, the molding box 6 can be stripped from the added casting mold by lowering it further into the position shown in dashed lines. For larger casting molds, in which the springback effect of the compacted molding sand causes a noticeable growth of the lower ball, it may be advisable to strip the molding box 6 upwards from the upper ball in order to scrape off the sand from the side surfaces of the lower ball when the molding box is immersed avoid. For this purpose, the sand bunker is lowered by means of the supporting frame until its closed grate 8 comes to the top of the upper bale resting on the lower bale. While holding the grate 8 in place, the support frame 4 is then raised and the molding box 6 is stripped.

Danach wird die Transportrollen-Einrichtung 14 angehoben und die fertige Sandblock-Gießform auf die Vorrats-, Gieß- und Kühlstrecke 18 ausgefahren, und ein neuer Formzyklus kann beginnen. Am Ende einer Formserie werden dann nur noch die der Anzahl der Unterballen auf der Kernsetzstation vorhandenen Oberballen geformt, damit keine überzähligen Ballen in der Formstation oder Kernsetzstation ausgeschlagen zu werden brauchen. Die einzelnen Arbeitsgänge laufen dabei nach einer von der Steuereinrichtung 25 vorgegebenen Taktfolge ab, wobei für den vorstehend genannten Zweck eine überbrückungsschaltung vorgesehen sein kann.The transport roller device 14 is then raised and the finished sand block casting mold is extended onto the supply, casting and cooling section 18, and a new molding cycle can begin. At the end of a series of molds then only the upper bale present in the number of lower bales on the core setting station is formed, so that no excess bales need to be knocked out in the forming station or core setting station. The individual operations take place in accordance with a clock sequence predetermined by the control device 25, it being possible for a bridging circuit to be provided for the aforementioned purpose.

Die Vorrats-, Gieß- und Kühlstrecke 18 ist zweckmäßig nach Art der in der Internationalen Anmeldung nach PCT WO 81/02698 beschriebenen Anlage aufgebaut und besitzt eine Umlenkung 19, eine Gießstation 20 und eine Auspackstation 21. Ergänzend dazu ist eine an die Auspackstation 21 anschließende gesonderte Paletten-Rücklaufstrecke 22 zur Formmaschine 1 vorgesehen, auf der die leeren, mechanisch abgebürsteten Transport-Paletten direkt in die Formstation der Formmaschine 1 gefahren werden.The supply, pouring and cooling section 18 is expediently constructed in the manner of the system described in the international application according to PCT WO 81/02698 and has a deflection 19, a pouring station 20 and an unpacking station 21. In addition to this, there is a connection to the unpacking station 21 Separate pallet return path 22 to the molding machine 1 is provided, on which the empty, mechanically brushed transport pallets are moved directly into the molding station of the molding machine 1.

Claims (16)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung horizontal geteilter kastenloser Sandblick-Gießformen, deren Unterballen und Oberballen im Wechsel in derselben Formstation einer Vakuum-Formschießmaschine geformt werden, wobei zunächst ein Unterballen geformt, gewendet und aus der Formstation heraus in eine Kernsetzstation gefahren wird, aus der er nach der Bestückung mit Kernen wieder in die Formstation eingefahren und darin in einem inzwischen geformten Oberballen zugelegt wird, woraufhin die nun fertige Sandblick-Gießform gestrippt und auf eine Gießstrecke gefahren wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Unterballen nach dem Wenden auf eine mit Zentriereinrichtungen versehene Ballen-Transporteinrichtung abgesetzt und vor dem Ausfahren aus der Formstation aus dem Maschinen-Formkasten der Vakuum-Formschießmaschine gestrippt wird, und daß der zugehörige Oberballen in demselben Maschinen-Formkasten wie der Unterballen geformt wird.1. A process for the production of horizontally divided boxless sand-view molds, the lower and upper bales of which are alternately formed in the same molding station of a vacuum molding machine, whereby a lower bale is first shaped, turned and moved out of the molding station into a core setting station, from which it follows the assembly with cores is retracted into the forming station and inserted in a now formed upper bale, whereupon the now finished Sandblick casting mold is stripped and driven onto a casting line, characterized in that each lower bale after turning onto a bale provided with centering devices Transport device is set down and stripped from the machine molding box of the vacuum molding machine before leaving the molding station, and that the associated upper bale is formed in the same machine molding box as the lower bale. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der Ballen mit der jeweiligen Modellhöhe abgestimmt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the bale is matched to the respective model height. 3. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterballen durch eine mehrere Ballenstandplätze aufweisende Kernsetzstation gefahren werden.3. The method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower bales are moved through a core setting station having a plurality of bale positions. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu Beginn einer Formserie nur eine der Anzahl der Ballenstandplätze der Kernsetzstation entsprechende Anzahl Unterballen und am Ende der Formserie nur eine entsprechende Anzahl Oberballen geformt werden.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that at the beginning of a series of molds only one of the number of bale positions of the core setting station corresponding number of lower bales and at the end of the series of molds only a corresponding number of upper bales are formed. 5. Formanlage zur-Herstellung horizontal geteilter kastenloser Sandblock-Gießformen, bestehend aus einer Vakuum-Formschießmaschine, in deren Formstation die Unterballen und Oberballen der Gießformen im Wechsel hergestellt werden, einer Kernsetzstation, einer Gieß-und Kühlstrecke, sowie einer Paletten-Rücklaufstrecke, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine (1) mit nur einem maschinenfesten, um eine horizontale Achse wendbaren Formkasten (6) ausgerüstet ist, in dem sowohl die Unterballen als auch die Oberballen geformt werden und der vor dem Ausfahren des jeweiligen Ballens aus der Formstation gestrippt wird.5. Form installation for - producing horizontally divided flaskless block of sand-casting molds, consisting of a vacuum mold shooting machine, the sub-bales and upper bales are of the casting molds produced in alternation in the forming station, a core setting station, a casting and cooling line and a palette return path, characterized characterized in that the vacuum molding machine (1) is equipped with only one machine-fixed molding box (6) which can be turned around a horizontal axis, in which both the lower bale and the upper bale are formed and which is stripped before the respective bale is moved out of the forming station becomes. 6. Formanlage nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine (1) einen feststehenden Formtisch (10) hat, der mit Zentriereinrichtungen (1) für eine Ballen-Transporteinrichtung (12) und einen Modellplattenträger (13) versehen ist.6. Molding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the vacuum molding machine (1) has a fixed molding table (10) which is provided with centering devices (1) for a bale transport device (12) and a model plate carrier (13). 7. Formanlage nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine (1) mit zwei Modellplattenträgern (13) ausgerüstet ist, die einseitig mit je einer Modellplatte belegbar und zwischen einer Position in der Formstation und einer Position außerhalb der Formmaschine verfahrbar sind.7. Molding plant according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the vacuum molding machine (1) is equipped with two model plate carriers (13) which can be occupied on one side with a model plate and moved between a position in the molding station and a position outside the molding machine are. 8. Formanlage nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterseite der Modellplattenträger (13) über Dichtungen (13a) mit einer Vakuum- und/oder einer Druckluftquelle im Formtisch (10) verbindbar ist.8. Molding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the underside of the model plate carrier (13) via seals (13a) with a vacuum and / or a compressed air source in the molding table (10) can be connected. 9. Formanlage nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formtisch (10) von zwei vertikal verstellbaren Transportrollen-Einrichtungen (14, 15) umgeben ist.9. Molding machine according to at least one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the molding table (10) is surrounded by two vertically adjustable transport roller devices (14, 15). 10. Formanlage nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine (1) einen durch einen Schieß- und Preßrost (8) unten abgeschlossenen vertikal verstellbaren Sandbunker (5) aufweist, der mit einer Einrichtung zur freien Wähl- und Einstellbarkeit der Höhe des Schießrostes bei Schußstellung über dem Formtisch (10) versehen ist.10. Molding system according to at least one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the vacuum molding machine (1) has a vertically adjustable sand bunker (5) which is closed at the bottom by a shooting and pressing grate (8) and which has a device for free selection - And adjustability of the height of the shooting grate is provided in the firing position over the molding table (10). 11. Formanlage nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe des Schieß- und Preßrostes (8) bei Schußstellung für Unterballen und Oberballen getrennt wähl- und einstellbar ist.11. Molding system according to claim 10, characterized in that the height of the shooting and pressing grate (8) is selectable and adjustable separately in the firing position for the lower ball and upper ball. 12. Formanlage nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kernsetzstation12. Molding plant according to at least one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the core setting station (17) mehrere Standplätze für die Unterballen aufweist.(17) has several stands for the lower ball. 13. Formanlage nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kernsetzstation (17) als Drehtisch ausgebildet ist.13. Molding plant according to claim 12, characterized in that the core setting station (17) is designed as a turntable. 14. Formanlage nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kernsetzstation als Karreebahn ausgebildet ist.14. Molding plant according to claim 12, characterized in that the core setting station is designed as a cart track. 15. Formanlage nach den Ansprüchen 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuum-Formschießmaschine (1) mit einer Taktfolge-Steuerung ausgerüstet ist, die eine Überbrückungsschaltung zum wahlweisen Formen von ausschließlich Unterballen oder Oberballen hat.15. Molding machine according to claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the vacuum molding machine (1) is equipped with a clock sequence control, which has a bypass circuit for the optional shaping of only lower bales or upper bales.
EP85112218A 1984-10-15 1985-09-26 Method and moulding plant for machine made horizontally divided boxless sand moulds Expired EP0178513B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3437702A DE3437702C1 (en) 1984-10-15 1984-10-15 Method and molding plant for the production of horizontally divided boxless sand block casting molds
DE3437702 1984-10-15

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EP0178513A2 true EP0178513A2 (en) 1986-04-23
EP0178513A3 EP0178513A3 (en) 1987-03-25
EP0178513B1 EP0178513B1 (en) 1988-06-15

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US (1) US4702301A (en)
EP (1) EP0178513B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6195744A (en)
CZ (1) CZ279944B6 (en)
DD (1) DD257974A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3437702C1 (en)
DK (1) DK154809C (en)
ES (1) ES8608356A1 (en)
SU (1) SU1424725A3 (en)

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EP0178513B1 (en) 1988-06-15
JPS6322904B2 (en) 1988-05-13
JPS6195744A (en) 1986-05-14
CZ732185A3 (en) 1995-04-12
DE3437702C1 (en) 1985-06-13
DK154809C (en) 1989-05-29
US4702301A (en) 1987-10-27
DK154809B (en) 1988-12-27
EP0178513A3 (en) 1987-03-25
SU1424725A3 (en) 1988-09-15
DK467685D0 (en) 1985-10-11
CZ279944B6 (en) 1995-09-13
ES547812A0 (en) 1986-07-16
DD257974A1 (en) 1988-07-06
ES8608356A1 (en) 1986-07-16
DK467685A (en) 1986-04-16

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