EP0177714B1 - Druckgasschalter - Google Patents

Druckgasschalter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0177714B1
EP0177714B1 EP85110187A EP85110187A EP0177714B1 EP 0177714 B1 EP0177714 B1 EP 0177714B1 EP 85110187 A EP85110187 A EP 85110187A EP 85110187 A EP85110187 A EP 85110187A EP 0177714 B1 EP0177714 B1 EP 0177714B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
channels
hollow space
switch according
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85110187A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0177714A2 (de
EP0177714A3 (en
Inventor
Lutz Dr. Niemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0177714A2 publication Critical patent/EP0177714A2/de
Publication of EP0177714A3 publication Critical patent/EP0177714A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0177714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0177714B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a gas pressure switch according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a prior art, as described for example in DE-PS 28 11 508.
  • the quenching gas heated by the switching arc is guided into a pressure chamber in which it is blown under high pressure after the release of an outflow opening into the expansion space.
  • a device consisting essentially of a tubular extension and interacting with the movable contact piece, which allows the extinguishing gas in the pressure chamber to escape into the expansion space with a delay. and that the outer part of the pressure chamber is also protected from excessive pressures by a valve.
  • a further pressure gas switch designed according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.
  • This switch has a fixed contact with a channel-shaped channel open towards the expansion space. Fluid of high temperature and high pressure generated by the switching arc is led through this channel into the expansion space in order to avoid an excessive increase in the pressure in the pressure chamber.
  • the invention solves the problem of creating a pressure gas switch of the generic type, in which a pressure build-up that is too small for small and a pressure build-up that is too high is avoided with simple means.
  • the switching arc is greatly restricted in the high current phase by suitable guiding of the quenching gas flow, in order then to widen more or less strongly in its downstream arc part depending on the current.
  • a pressure is built up in the pressure accumulator by the arc gas flowing in the axial direction. This ensures that when switching small currents, a large proportion of the arc gas is available to build up pressure. Additional measures to delay the flow of extinguishing gas are therefore unnecessary.
  • part of the arc gas is discharged into the expansion space. As a result, it is no longer necessary to take precautions to ensure that the pressure accumulator is not subjected to excessive pressure when switching short-circuit currents.
  • Fig. 1 denotes an essentially hollow cylindrical housing made of insulating material.
  • This housing is in an atmosphere of insulating gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride at a few bar pressure. It contains two contact pieces 2 and 3 which are movable relative to one another along an axis.
  • the contact piece 2 is supported on a power connection 4 and contains a ring of contact fingers 5 and 6 which delimit a cavity 7 in the contact piece 2.
  • the switching piece 3 is fully cylindrical and movable along the cylinder axis. In the switched-on position of the switch, it is retracted into the cavity 7 and contacts the inner surfaces of the contact fingers 5 and 6 with its outer surface.
  • the contact fingers 6 are somewhat longer at their ends facing away from the free end of the switching element 2 than the contact fingers 5 and thereby save in the switching element 2 channels 8, which extend in the radial direction through an insulating nozzle 9, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), into a ring-shaped pressure accumulator 10, which coaxially surrounds the switching elements 2, 3.
  • a ring-shaped pressure accumulator 10 which coaxially surrounds the switching elements 2, 3.
  • check valves 11 At the mouths of the channels 8 in the pressure accumulator 10 there are check valves 11 which close the pressure accumulator 10 with respect to the cavity 7 when the pressure in the cavity 7 drops.
  • the pressure accumulator 10 is essentially delimited by the housing 1 and the outer lateral surface of the insulating nozzle 9 and divided by a flow labyrinth 12.
  • This can consist, for example, of radial annular deflection plates 13 which are offset from one another in the axial direction and are alternately fastened to the inner wall of the housing 1 and the outer lateral surface of the insulating nozzle 9.
  • the deflection plates 13 have free ends and thus delimit a meandering flow channel for heated extinguishing gas, which is guided from the cavity 7 via the channels 8 and an annular partial space 14 of the pressure accumulator 10 into a further annular partial space 15 of the pressure accumulator 10 during the heating process.
  • the sub-space 15 is essentially delimited by the housing 1, the insulating nozzle 9, an essentially radially extending housing extension 16 which is penetrated by the switching element 3 in an opening (not designated) in a gas-tight manner and the switching element 3.
  • the sub-space 15 is connected when switched off to an arc chamber 18 located between the free ends of the separating switching elements 2 and 3, adjoining the cavity 7 and receiving the switching arc 17, as soon as the switching piece 19 penetrating the constriction 19 of the insulating nozzle 9 essentially in a gas-tight manner 3 has released this bottleneck.
  • annular space 20 which, when switched off, is connected to the arc chamber 18 before the partial space 15.
  • the annular space 20 is part of a connecting path from the arc chamber 18 to an expansion space 21.
  • this connecting path also contains channels 22 which run in the axial direction and which - as can be seen from FIG. 1 - cross the channels 8. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the channels 8 and 22 are arranged in radially or axially extending material recesses of the insulating nozzle 9.
  • the channels 8 and 22 are arranged in radially or axially extending material recesses of the insulating nozzle 9.
  • seen in the circumferential direction of the insulating nozzle 9 alternate radially and axially extending material recesses on each other. This has the effect that, when the insulating gas is switched off, flows through the arc chamber 18 in a particularly uniform manner.
  • the cavity 7 and the partial space 14 of the pressure accumulator 10 are at least partially provided with a material lining 23 which, compared to the material of the contact fingers 5 and 6 of the contact piece 2, has a comparatively low thermal conductivity, a low evaporation enthalpy and a low boiling point and, when exposed to arcing, forms a arc-quenching gas evaporates very easily.
  • These material linings 23 are arranged in such a way that the change in geometry caused by the occurrence of the switching arc 17 as a result of material evaporation does not have any significant influence on the flow behavior of the arc plasma from the cavity 7 into the pressure accumulator 10.
  • the material linings 23 preferably contain low-hydrogen or hydrogen-free polymers based on halogen-carbon with a fine-grained filler, such as carbon or metal sulfides. It is particularly recommended to produce the material linings 23 from polytetrafluoroethylene with fine-grained powder fillings of preferably 1-15 percent by weight zinc, 3-30 percent by weight molybdenum disulfide or 7-15 percent by weight graphite or coal.
  • the material lining located on the upper end face of the cavity 7 can - as can be seen in FIG. 1 - be designed as a pin 24.
  • the movable contact piece 3 is then hollow so that the pin 24 can penetrate into the contact piece 3 in the switched-on position.
  • the mode of operation of the compressed gas switch according to the invention is now as follows: when the switch 3 is switched off, it is moved downwards. As soon as the two switching pieces 2 and 3 separate, the switching arc 17 is drawn between their free ends (left half of FIG. 1). The heating power of this switching arc passes through the cavity 7, the channels 8 and through the open check valves 11 into the pressure accumulator 10 and there leads to a pressure build-up. At the same time, part of the heating power flows through the channels 22 into the expansion space 21.
  • the check valves 11 prevent a backflow of the gas in the pressure accumulator 10 through the channels 8 when the flow drops and the associated pressure drop in the cavity 7 occurs.
  • the material lining 23 additionally ensures that as little arc heat and thus heat output as possible is lost through heat dissipation to the inside of the contact fingers 5, and that material evaporates to a considerable extent from these linings under the influence of the hot plasma and the radiation from the switching arc 17. This is particularly advantageous when switching small currents, since it also increases the pressure of the extinguishing gas in the pressure accumulator 10.
  • a further effect of the material linings 23 can also be that an optionally desired one Commutation of the switching arc 17 from the contact fingers 5 and 6 of the contact piece 2 to a further contact, not shown in FIG. 1, is facilitated.
  • Such a contact can be connected in an electrically conductive manner to the power connection 4 and can be designed, for example, as a ring arranged in the region of the constriction 19 of the insulating nozzle 9. It is advantageous here if a material lining is provided in the form of the pin 24 and the movable contact piece 3 is hollow and in the switched-on position comprises the free end of the pin 24. In such a configuration of the gas pressure switch, a steam flow is generated when switching off shortly after the two switching pieces 2 and 3 are separated by the switching arc 17, which is directed from the contact fingers 5 and 6 to the further contact located in the constriction 19 of the insulating nozzle and thereby the Commutation of the switching arc 17 much easier.
  • the gas in the subspace 15 of the pressure accumulator 10 flows under pressure through the constriction 19 of the insulating nozzle 9 and constricts the switching arc 17 at the constriction 19 (right half of FIG. 1).
  • the switching arc 17 is inevitably widened considerably by the switching element 2 behind the constriction 19. This leads to a magnetic pressure gradient in the direction of the cavity 7.
  • the switching arc 17 therefore acts like a pump, which sucks cold gas out of the subspace 15 and conveys it as an arc plasma into the cavity 7 and thus via the channels 8 into the pressure accumulator 10 with increased pressure .
  • the flow labyrinth 12 prevents the hot gas fed from the arc zone via the cavity 7 and the channels 8 into the partial space 14 of the pressure accumulator 10 from mixing with the cold extinguishing gas displaced into the partial space 15. It is thereby achieved that the arc in the area of the constriction 19 is only blown out of the subspace 15 with cold quenching gas.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP85110187A 1984-10-10 1985-08-14 Druckgasschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0177714B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4864/84 1984-10-10
CH486484 1984-10-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0177714A2 EP0177714A2 (de) 1986-04-16
EP0177714A3 EP0177714A3 (en) 1987-11-11
EP0177714B1 true EP0177714B1 (de) 1991-10-23

Family

ID=4283889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85110187A Expired - Lifetime EP0177714B1 (de) 1984-10-10 1985-08-14 Druckgasschalter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4684773A (es)
EP (1) EP0177714B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH081774B2 (es)
CN (1) CN85107522B (es)
DE (2) DE3440212A1 (es)
ES (1) ES8700495A1 (es)
IN (1) IN165779B (es)
ZA (1) ZA856654B (es)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19645524A1 (de) * 1996-11-05 1998-05-07 Abb Research Ltd Leistungsschalter
US6100489A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-08-08 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Consumable switching arrangement
US6100492A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-08-08 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Consumable switching arrangement
US6163001A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-12-19 Abb Research Ltd. Puffer type circuit breaker with arcing chamber, auxiliary shunting contacts and exhaust structure with pressure relief valves
EP1796119A1 (de) 2005-12-06 2007-06-13 ABB Research Ltd Schaltkammer für einen Hochspannungsschalter mit einem Heizvolumen zur Aufnahme von Löschgas

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646960B1 (fr) * 1989-05-11 1993-12-10 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
DE3915700C3 (de) * 1989-05-13 1997-06-19 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Druckgasschalter mit Verdampfungskühlung
DE9115905U1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-04-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Leitungsschutzschalter mit einer Lichtbogenkammer
DE9314779U1 (de) * 1993-09-24 1993-11-25 Siemens AG, 80333 München Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einer Kühleinrichtung zur Kühlung des Löschgases
US6111212A (en) * 1998-04-21 2000-08-29 Cooper Industries, Inc. Interrupt assembly for a primary circuit breaker
DE19928080C5 (de) 1999-06-11 2006-11-16 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einem Abströmkanal
FR2869449B1 (fr) * 2004-04-21 2008-02-29 Areva T & D Sa Appareillage electrique de coupure en moyenne ou haute tension.
ATE369614T1 (de) * 2004-06-07 2007-08-15 Abb Technology Ag Leistungsschalter
DE102004047260B4 (de) * 2004-09-24 2006-08-03 Siemens Ag Isolierstoffgehäuse mit Belüftungsschacht
EP1675145A1 (de) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-28 ABB Technology AG Hochleistungsschalter mit Dichtung gegen Heissgas
EP2120244A1 (de) * 2008-05-15 2009-11-18 ABB Technology AG Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter
DE102009009451A1 (de) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung mit einer Schaltstrecke
WO2011096097A1 (ja) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-11 三菱電機株式会社 ガス遮断器
EP2455957B1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2014-03-26 ABB Research Ltd. Gas insulated circuit breaker
CN103730275A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2014-04-16 吴江市东泰电力特种开关有限公司 旋转触头灭弧室
KR101763451B1 (ko) * 2014-04-09 2017-08-01 현대일렉트릭앤에너지시스템(주) 아크열을 재이용하는 복합소호형 차단기
CN104064418A (zh) * 2014-04-25 2014-09-24 博耳(宜兴)电力成套有限公司 一种用于小型断路器的循环气流灭弧装置
CN107112162B (zh) * 2015-01-07 2019-04-12 三菱电机株式会社 气体断路器
CN109559933A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-04-02 吴长兰 中高压开关装置
DE102019206807A1 (de) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mittelspannungs-Lasttrennschalter
DE102019213344A1 (de) 2019-09-03 2021-03-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Unterteilen eines Heizvolumens eines Leistungsschalters

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE647726C (de) * 1932-11-18 1937-07-10 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Einrichtung fuer die Loeschung von Wechselstromlichtboegen
CA1096914A (en) * 1977-03-24 1981-03-03 Masami Kii Circuit interrupter comprising plural arc-quenching fluid pressure chambers
DE2811510C2 (de) * 1977-03-24 1983-03-24 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo Elektrischer Druckgasschalter
CA1098571A (en) * 1977-03-24 1981-03-31 Masami Kii Fluid-blast type circuit breaker comprising valve controlled pressure chamber
JPS53117761A (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
CH629332A5 (de) * 1977-03-24 1982-04-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Stromunterbrecher mit lichtbogenloeschkammer.
JPS5856932B2 (ja) * 1977-03-24 1983-12-17 三菱電機株式会社 開閉器
JPS53117787A (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
CH641592A5 (de) * 1977-03-24 1984-02-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Stromunterbrecher mit lichtbogenloeschender kammer.
GB1593994A (en) * 1978-05-18 1981-07-22 Aei Electric circuit breakers
CH649416A5 (de) * 1980-01-25 1985-05-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Druckgasschalter.
ATE8440T1 (de) * 1980-09-01 1984-07-15 Sprecher + Schuh Ag Druckgasschalter.
JPS5944738A (ja) * 1982-09-07 1984-03-13 株式会社東芝 開閉器
JPS59144726U (ja) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 日新電機株式会社 ガスしや断器

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19645524A1 (de) * 1996-11-05 1998-05-07 Abb Research Ltd Leistungsschalter
US6100489A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-08-08 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Consumable switching arrangement
US6100492A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-08-08 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Consumable switching arrangement
US6163001A (en) * 1998-04-14 2000-12-19 Abb Research Ltd. Puffer type circuit breaker with arcing chamber, auxiliary shunting contacts and exhaust structure with pressure relief valves
DE19816509B4 (de) * 1998-04-14 2006-08-10 Abb Schweiz Ag Abbrandschaltanordnung
EP1796119A1 (de) 2005-12-06 2007-06-13 ABB Research Ltd Schaltkammer für einen Hochspannungsschalter mit einem Heizvolumen zur Aufnahme von Löschgas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4684773A (en) 1987-08-04
DE3584494D1 (de) 1991-11-28
EP0177714A2 (de) 1986-04-16
ZA856654B (en) 1986-04-30
ES547715A0 (es) 1986-10-16
ES8700495A1 (es) 1986-10-16
CN85107522B (zh) 1987-11-11
JPH081774B2 (ja) 1996-01-10
JPS6191811A (ja) 1986-05-09
EP0177714A3 (en) 1987-11-11
CN85107522A (zh) 1986-08-20
DE3440212A1 (de) 1986-04-17
IN165779B (es) 1990-01-06

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