EP0176688B1 - Rondelle de retenu-ressort de soupape et sa méthode de fabrication - Google Patents

Rondelle de retenu-ressort de soupape et sa méthode de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176688B1
EP0176688B1 EP85109291A EP85109291A EP0176688B1 EP 0176688 B1 EP0176688 B1 EP 0176688B1 EP 85109291 A EP85109291 A EP 85109291A EP 85109291 A EP85109291 A EP 85109291A EP 0176688 B1 EP0176688 B1 EP 0176688B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric layers
opening
valve spring
mandrel
spring retainer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85109291A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0176688A3 (en
EP0176688A2 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Hinz
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Steigleder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR filed Critical Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR
Publication of EP0176688A2 publication Critical patent/EP0176688A2/fr
Publication of EP0176688A3 publication Critical patent/EP0176688A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0176688B1 publication Critical patent/EP0176688B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/10—Connecting springs to valve members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve spring plate made of plastic reinforced with carbon fiber fabric inserts with an axial, conical opening.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing such a valve spring plate made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic.
  • Valve spring plates are used in internal combustion engines to transmit the force of a coil spring surrounding a valve stem to the valve stem.
  • the coil spring is supported on the valve plate and this is fixed to the valve stem with two clamping cone halves, for example.
  • This connection creates a complex flow of forces in the valve spring retainer.
  • the spring force introduced causes a large radial force.
  • high circumferential stresses are created in the core of the valve spring plate.
  • the transition area from the core to the contact surface of the valve spring is subjected to thrust and bending.
  • valve spring retainers are usually made from case-hardened steels. It would be desirable to replace this material with lighter materials in order to keep the inertial forces of the control drive as low as possible.
  • valve spring retainers It is already known to manufacture valve spring retainers from fiber composite materials (Dr. D. Lutz “Directed short carbon fibers in automotive engineering”, lecture at the coordination meeting “Fiber composite materials” 1983; “Plastic Engine is off and Running”, Mach. Des. 52 ( 1980) 10; DE-OS 32 01 023; US Pat. No. 4,432,311; JP-A 59 224 410).
  • valve spring retainers they are made of short fiber reinforced plastic, and it has been found that there is only low strength and rigidity, so that these valve spring retainers experience large elastic and plastic deformations.
  • valve spring retainer of the type described in the introduction by the characterizing features of patent claim 1 and of patent claim 6.
  • the fabric layers in the area of the opening are bulged toward the end of the opening with a smaller diameter.
  • the fabric layers in the ring area surrounding the opening do not run parallel to the end face of the valve spring plate, but at an angle to it, so that particularly favorable stiffening can be achieved in the outer area which is subjected to bending.
  • the bulge extends into the radial edge region of the valve spring plate, that is to say if the fabric layers in the edge region are also inclined with respect to the end face.
  • the bulge of the individual fabric layers increases towards the end of the opening with a smaller diameter. This is e.g. achieved in a simple manner in that the fabric layers in the immediate vicinity of the opening are thicker than in areas distant from the opening, so that the distance between the individual fabric layers in the opening area is greater than in the vicinity of the outer edge.
  • Pressing the fabric layers onto a conical mandrel according to the method of claim 6 simply distributes the warp and weft threads in the fabric in the desired manner, i.e. these threads are pushed to the side by the mandrel and in some cases applied to the circumference of the mandrel, so that they run along a circumferential section in the region directly adjacent to the opening formed by the mandrel. This deformation also continues into the areas that are somewhat further away from the opening and is increasingly lost in the area that is further out.
  • the fabric layers can be pressed individually onto the mandrel; in another method, several fabric layers lying one above the other are pressed onto the mandrel at the same time.
  • the method can be carried out particularly advantageously if, after the fabric layers have been applied to the mandrel, a mold is placed over the mandrel which compresses the fabric layers to a desired volume, and if the plastic is cured when the mold is in place.
  • a mold is placed over the mandrel which compresses the fabric layers to a desired volume, and if the plastic is cured when the mold is in place.
  • the use of such a shape compresses the fabric layers in a defined manner and assumes a precisely specified desired volume, so that valve spring retainers with reproducible properties can be produced.
  • valve spring retainers After curing, the valve spring retainers can be machined on the outer surfaces so that they have the desired outer contour.
  • a valve spring plate 1 is shown in cross section, which has an upper flat end face 2 and a lower end face 3 running parallel to it. From the upper end to the lower end, an opening 4 that narrows conically from top to bottom runs through the valve spring plate.
  • the lower part of the valve spring plate 1 has a smaller diameter than the upper part, so that a step 5 is formed in the transition area.
  • the valve spring plate 1 is chamfered at the lower edge.
  • Such a valve spring plate with a shape known per se can be attached to a valve stem 7 in the manner shown in FIG.
  • two clamping cone halves 8 are used, which surround the valve stem 7 and are immersed with an annular projection 9 in a corresponding annular groove 10 of the valve stem.
  • the clamping cone halves 8 have an outer jacket 11, the conicity of which corresponds to that of the opening 4.
  • valve spring plate 1 is pushed over the two clamping cone halves 8 and in doing so presses the two clamping cone halves 8 firmly against the valve stem 7. At the same time, the valve spring plate 1 is thereby secured against further displacement in the longitudinal direction of the valve stem.
  • the shoulder 12 formed by the step 5 on the underside of the upper valve spring ring part forms a contact surface for a coil spring 13 surrounding the valve stem 7, which is supported on the motor housing 14 and acts on the valve stem 7 with an outward elastic force via the valve spring plate.
  • valve stem By means of a cam lever 16 driven by a camshaft 15, which is mounted on the valve stem 7 in a spherical manner, the valve stem can be displaced inward against the force of the coil spring 13, the valve spring plate taking over the task of introducing the force of the coil spring into the valve stem.
  • valve spring plate according to the invention is produced from a larger number of carbon fiber fabric layers 6 and a curable resin in the following manner:
  • a conical mandrel 17 On a conical mandrel 17, the taper and thickness of which corresponds to the taper or the diameter of the opening 4 in the valve spring plate and which is surrounded by a flat bearing surface 18, a large number of carbon fiber fabric layers 6 are pressed in succession or simultaneously so that the beveled tip 19 of the mandrel 17 passes through the fabric layers.
  • the fabric layers are displaced along the mandrel in the direction of the flat contact surface 18, the warp and weft threads 20 and 21 being pushed laterally out of the region of the opening created by the mandrel, the threads joining the region in the region close to the opening Create the circumference of the opening and run along this circumference over a certain angular range, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the fabric layers pressed onto the mandrel individually or as a pack of several fabric layers bulge toward the tip of the mandrel due to the greater thickness of the fabric layer in the area near the mandrel, this bulge increasing more and more towards the tip of the mandrel.
  • This expansion chung leads to the fact that the fabric layers are inclined with respect to the upper end face 2, the inclination increasing in the direction of the mandrel and in the direction of the mandrel tip (FIG. 2).
  • the fabric layers can already be impregnated with a curable plastic when they are pressed onto the mandrel, but it is also possible to apply a curable plastic to the fabric layers only when they are pressed onto the mandrel.
  • a mold 22 is placed on the mandrel.
  • This mold 22 has a wall 23 opposite the support surface 18 and laterally closing side walls 24 with the support surface 18 and the wall 23, a molded piece 25 being inserted on the inside of the mold 22, which, when the mold is in place, forms an im between it and the support surface Cross-section leaves V-shaped annular space in which the fabric layers and the hardenable synthetic resin are located.
  • the fabric layers are pressed together by the molding 25 and, if necessary, pushed further onto the mandrel, excess synthetic resin being able to emerge laterally from the mold.
  • This ensures that the fabric layers are always compressed in the same way and that the proportion of synthetic resin in the overall material of the valve spring retainer always remains the same, for example the fiber volume fraction can be 65% if known resin systems are used, e.g. a mixture of triglycidyl isocyanurate ( TGIC) and methylnadic anhydride (MNSA).
  • TGIC triglycidyl isocyanurate
  • MNSA methylnadic anhydride
  • the shaped piece 25 can consist of a material that shows a strong expansion when heated, so that shrinkage occurring during hardening is compensated for by the shaped piece.
  • the molded piece can be made of so-called thermal expansion rubber (TER), a special silicone rubber with particularly high thermal expansion.
  • the blank obtained in this way is mechanically processed on its outer sides, for example by turning or grinding, until the desired outer contour is reached.
  • the opening 4 formed by the mandrel 17, however, requires no further finishing if the dimensioning of the dome and the dimensioning of the clamping cone halves are the same.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Disque d'appui de ressort de soupape fait de matière plastique renforcée par des couches de tissu de fibres de carbone et doté d'une ouverture axiale conique, caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs couches de tissu de fibres de carbone sont superposées dans la direction longitudinale de l'ouverture (4), laquelle ouverture (4) suit un tracé traversant les couches de tissu (6), par le fait que les fils de trame et de chaîne (21, 20) des couches de tissu (6) sont refoulés hors de la section droite de l'ouverture (4), vers l'extérieur, et s'étendent chacun sur une partie de la surface du pourtour de l'ouverture (4), et par le fait que les couches de tissu (6) dans la région du bord de l'ouverture (4) présentent, du fait des fils de trame et de chaîné (21, 20) refoulés, une épaisseur plus grande que dans les régions éloignées de l'ouverture (4).
2. Disque d'appui de ressort de soupape selon revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les couches de tissu (6) dans la région de l'ouverture (4) forment un renflement en direction de l'extrémité à plus petit diamètre de l'ouverture (4).
3. Disque d'appui de ressort de soupape selon revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le renflement s'étend jusque dans la région radiale du bord du disque d'appui de ressort de soupape (1 ).
4. Disque d'appui de ressort de soupape selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le renflement formé par les couches de tissu individuelles (6) augmente vers l'extrémité à plus petit diamètre de l'ouverture (4).
5. Disque d'appui de ressort de soupape selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que des couches de tissu (6) superposées se succédant immédiatement sont déplacées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre de façon que les fils (20, 21 ) de ces couches de tissu (6) ne soient pas parallèles.
6. Procédé de réalisation d'un disque d'appui de ressort de soupape en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres de carbone selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'on appuie plusieurs de couches de tissu de fibres de carbone sur un mandrin conique dont la conicité correspond à celle de demi-cônes à l'aide desquels le disque d'appui de ressort de soupape sera fixé à une queue de soupape, par le fait qu'après l'application des couches de tissu sur le mandrin on applique par-dessus ce mandrin un moule qui comprime à un volume désiré les couches de tissu imprégnées d'une matière plastique durcissable, et par le fait que la matière plastique est durcie alors que le moule est appliqué.
7. Procédé selon revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'on appuie sur le mandrin des couches de tissu préimprégnées de matière plastique durcissable.
8. Procédé selon revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que la matière plastique durcissable n'est appliquée sur les couches de tissu qu'après avoir appuyé celles-ci sur le mandrin.
9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que les couches de tissu sont appuyées individuellement sur le mandrin.
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'on applique simultanément, sur le mandrin, plusieurs couches de tissu superposées.
EP85109291A 1984-10-03 1985-07-24 Rondelle de retenu-ressort de soupape et sa méthode de fabrication Expired EP0176688B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3436193 1984-10-03
DE3436193A DE3436193C2 (de) 1984-10-03 1984-10-03 Ventilfederteller und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176688A2 EP0176688A2 (fr) 1986-04-09
EP0176688A3 EP0176688A3 (en) 1987-04-22
EP0176688B1 true EP0176688B1 (fr) 1988-12-07

Family

ID=6246950

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85109291A Expired EP0176688B1 (fr) 1984-10-03 1985-07-24 Rondelle de retenu-ressort de soupape et sa méthode de fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4665869A (fr)
EP (1) EP0176688B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6189914A (fr)
DE (1) DE3436193C2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2843631A1 (fr) 2002-08-16 2004-02-20 I S L Inst Franco Allemand De Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un sabot propulseur en plusieurs parties pour un projectile sous-calibre en construction composite et renforcee par des fibres
DE10335273B4 (de) * 2002-08-16 2008-12-04 Deutsch-Französisches Forschungsinstitut Saint-Louis Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mehrteiligen Treibrings für ein Unterkalibergeschoß in Faserverbundbauweise
CN109312801A (zh) * 2016-07-11 2019-02-05 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 具有改进的保持性的弹簧端盖

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0231032A (ja) * 1988-04-29 1990-02-01 Honda Motor Co Ltd ばね装置
CA1327153C (fr) * 1988-10-07 1994-02-22 Haruo Shiina Dispositif de retenue de ressort de soupape de moteur a combustion interne
DE4021087A1 (de) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Ventilfederteller aus faserverstaerktem kunststoff
DE4230022A1 (de) * 1992-09-10 1994-03-17 Leybold Ag Schnüffler für Lecksucher
US5275376A (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-01-04 Trw Inc. Spring retainer
US5255640A (en) * 1993-03-09 1993-10-26 D.P.I. Bi-plastic self-locking valve spring retainer
US5293848A (en) * 1993-06-15 1994-03-15 Trw Inc. Spring retainer for a poppet valve and method of assembling
DE4321832C1 (de) * 1993-06-28 1994-12-01 Mannesmann Ag 2/2-Wegesitzventil
US6273045B1 (en) * 1999-07-26 2001-08-14 Daniel H. Pierce Valve spring retainer-enlarged slots
US7252850B2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2007-08-07 Delavau Llc High protein and high fiber food products
JP5311918B2 (ja) * 2008-08-04 2013-10-09 日本発條株式会社 スプリング・リテーナ及びスプリング・システム
DE102018101900B4 (de) 2018-01-29 2023-09-21 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Gewichtsreduzierter Ventilfederteller und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3021593A (en) * 1958-05-05 1962-02-20 Walter F Cousino Method of making metal rings
US3043284A (en) * 1961-05-29 1962-07-10 Otto E Gundstrom Valve rotator
US3265053A (en) * 1965-02-01 1966-08-09 Michigan Chrome & Chemical Com Valve assembly
DE3201023C2 (de) * 1982-01-15 1987-01-02 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Ventilfederteller für Ventiltriebe von Brennkraftmaschinen
US4432311A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-02-21 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Composite valve spring retainer and process
JPS59224410A (ja) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-17 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関用バルブスプリングリテ−ナ

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2843631A1 (fr) 2002-08-16 2004-02-20 I S L Inst Franco Allemand De Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un sabot propulseur en plusieurs parties pour un projectile sous-calibre en construction composite et renforcee par des fibres
DE10335273B4 (de) * 2002-08-16 2008-12-04 Deutsch-Französisches Forschungsinstitut Saint-Louis Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mehrteiligen Treibrings für ein Unterkalibergeschoß in Faserverbundbauweise
CN109312801A (zh) * 2016-07-11 2019-02-05 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 具有改进的保持性的弹簧端盖

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4665869A (en) 1987-05-19
DE3436193A1 (de) 1986-04-03
EP0176688A3 (en) 1987-04-22
DE3436193C2 (de) 1987-04-09
JPS6189914A (ja) 1986-05-08
EP0176688A2 (fr) 1986-04-09

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