EP0175104B1 - Ignition switch for motor vehicles with a combustion engine and starter - Google Patents

Ignition switch for motor vehicles with a combustion engine and starter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175104B1
EP0175104B1 EP85109555A EP85109555A EP0175104B1 EP 0175104 B1 EP0175104 B1 EP 0175104B1 EP 85109555 A EP85109555 A EP 85109555A EP 85109555 A EP85109555 A EP 85109555A EP 0175104 B1 EP0175104 B1 EP 0175104B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
snap
camshaft
starting
starter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85109555A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0175104A2 (en
EP0175104A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Ing.-Grad. Poschet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Schaltbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Schaltbau GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Daimler Benz AG, Schaltbau GmbH filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of EP0175104A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175104A2/en
Publication of EP0175104A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175104A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0175104B1 publication Critical patent/EP0175104B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
    • H01H27/06—Key inserted and then turned to effect operation of the switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a travel switch for motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine and a starter, the electrical circuit of which is closed by means of an ignition key turned in an ignition lock.
  • the circuit of the starter is not closed directly, but instead a switch is mechanically actuated, which in turn closes the circuit of the field winding of a magnetic switch, which indirectly closes the circuit of the starter with the magnet.
  • a microswitch is first operated mechanically by actuating the travel switch. The microswitch closes the circuit of the excitation coil of a starter relay, which in turn energizes the excitation winding of the magnetic switch.
  • there is always a mechanically operated switch which, via at least one additional electromagnetic switch, the magnetic switch, but usually two such electromagnetic switches, successively closes the starter circuit.
  • a conventional system therefore contains at least two electrical switching elements in addition to the starter and is therefore complex to manufacture, maintain and store.
  • Such a travel switch, in which the microswitch is actuated via a camshaft to be actuated by the ignition key, is known from FR-A-24 02 291.
  • a travel switch according to the preamble of claim 1, with which the starter current of the starter can be switched directly, is known from DE-OS 31 35 866.
  • this switch is structurally relatively complex.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a travel switch of the type mentioned, which is particularly simple in construction and manages with only one mechanically operated switching element.
  • this object is achieved in that a snap switch known per se is provided for the direct switching of the starter current and can be actuated by means of a camshaft rotated by means of the ignition key via the ignition lock.
  • snap switches are suitable because of their properties which are advantageous with regard to the switching speed and the course of the contact pressure over the switching movement with the smallest space requirement for switching such powers as when starting Internal combustion engines are required.
  • a second and third snap switch are actuated by means of one and the same camshaft, the third snap switch switching the circuits for the consumers required in the interior of the vehicle regardless of the operating state, while the second snap switch as changer in the idle position switches the circuits for parking. and parking lights and in working position closes all circuits necessary for driving.
  • the third snap switch for example, the circuits for interior lighting, radio and cigar lighter can be closed, while with the second snap switch in working position, for example, the circuits for the direction indicators, high and low beam, the ignition current for Otto engines, for the windshield wipers and so on can be switched further.
  • the camshaft actuates the snap switches in the order: third snap switch, second snap switch, starter switch, and releases them again in the opposite order when they are turned back.
  • the vehicle can be parked without occupants, and the second snap switch enables the parking and parking lights to be switched on in its rest position.
  • Turning the ignition key then causes that the interior lighting, the radio and so on can be switched on by actuating the third snap switch.
  • the interior lighting In the starting position, the interior lighting can remain switched on, parking and parking lights go out, but all other consumers can be switched on.
  • 60 ° switch 3 opens, radio and interior lights off, parking and parking lights can be used.
  • the figure shows a partially schematic representation of an embodiment of a travel switch according to the teaching of the invention.
  • the starter switch 1, the second snap switch 2 and the third snap switch 3 are fixed in the housing 4. Furthermore, the housing 4 contains the camshaft 5 with the cams 6 and 8, which each act on an actuating plunger 9 of the starter switch 1 and the snap switches 2 and 3.
  • the camshaft 5 is located in bearings with pins 10 and 11.
  • the pin 11 has a recess 12 which is provided for receiving the ignition lock.
  • the return spring 13 is also located around the pin 11 and the repeat lock 15 is accommodated in a recess 14 in the camshaft 5.
  • the housing 4 has a circular latching path 16 around the bearing of the pin 10, with latching points for the latching ball 18 under the pressure of the spring 17.

Landscapes

  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Fahrtschalter für Kraftfahrzeuge mit Verbrennungsmotor und einem Anlasser, dessen elektrischer Stromkreis mittels eines in einem Zündschloß gedrehten Zündschlüssels geschlossen wird.The invention relates to a travel switch for motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine and a starter, the electrical circuit of which is closed by means of an ignition key turned in an ignition lock.

Mit den Fahrtschaltern herkömmlicher Bauart für Kraftfahrzeuge wird der Stromkreis des Anlassers nicht direkt geschlossen, sondern es wird mechanisch ein Schalter betätigt, der seinerseits den Stromkreis der Erregerwicklung eines Magnetschalters schließt, wodurch mit dem Magneten indirekt der Stromkreis des Anlassers geschlossen wird. Bei hoher Leistungsaufnahme des Anlassers wird durch die Betätigung des Fahrtschalters zuerst ein Mikroschalter mechanisch betätigt. Der Mikroschalter schließt den Stromkreis der Erregerspule eines Anlasserrelais, das seinerseits die Erregerwicklung des Magnetschalters unter Spannung setzt. Mithin ist in den herkömmlichen Ausführungsformen stets ein mechanisch betätigter Schalter vorhanden, der über mindestens einen zusätzlichen elektromagnetischen Schalter, den Magnetschalter, meist aber zwei solche elektromagnetischen Schalter aufeinanderfolgend den Stromkreis des Anlassers schließt. Eine herkömmliche Anlage, enthält also außer dem Anlasser mindestens zwei elektrische Schaltelemente und ist somit in der Herstellung, Wartung und Lagerhaltung aufwendig. Ein solcher Fahrtschalter, bei dem die Betätigung des Mikroschalters über eine von dem Zundschlüssel zu betätigende Nockenwelle erfolgt, ist aus der FR-A-24 02 291 bekannt.With the travel switches of conventional design for motor vehicles, the circuit of the starter is not closed directly, but instead a switch is mechanically actuated, which in turn closes the circuit of the field winding of a magnetic switch, which indirectly closes the circuit of the starter with the magnet. When the starter consumes a lot of power, a microswitch is first operated mechanically by actuating the travel switch. The microswitch closes the circuit of the excitation coil of a starter relay, which in turn energizes the excitation winding of the magnetic switch. Thus, in the conventional embodiments, there is always a mechanically operated switch which, via at least one additional electromagnetic switch, the magnetic switch, but usually two such electromagnetic switches, successively closes the starter circuit. A conventional system therefore contains at least two electrical switching elements in addition to the starter and is therefore complex to manufacture, maintain and store. Such a travel switch, in which the microswitch is actuated via a camshaft to be actuated by the ignition key, is known from FR-A-24 02 291.

Ein Fahrtschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1, mit welchem der Anlasserstrom des Anlassers unmittelbar geschaltet werden kann, ist aus der DE-OS 31 35 866 bekannt. Dieser Schalter ist jedoch baulich verhältnismäßig aufwendig.A travel switch according to the preamble of claim 1, with which the starter current of the starter can be switched directly, is known from DE-OS 31 35 866. However, this switch is structurally relatively complex.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Fahrtschalter der eingangs genannten Art zu schaften, der im Aufbau besonders einfach ist und mit nur einem mechanisch betätigten Schaltelement auskommt.The invention has for its object to provide a travel switch of the type mentioned, which is particularly simple in construction and manages with only one mechanically operated switching element.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß zum unmittelbaren Schalten des Anlasserstromes ein an sich bekannter Schnappschalter vorhanden ist, der durch eine mittels des Zündschlüssels über das Zündschloß gedrehte Nochenwelle zu betätigen ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a snap switch known per se is provided for the direct switching of the starter current and can be actuated by means of a camshaft rotated by means of the ignition key via the ignition lock.

Neben dem besonderen Vorteil der Einsparung der elektromagentischen Schaltelemente und der damit verbundenen einfacheren Herstellung, Wartung und Lagerhaltung eignen sich Schnappschalter wegen ihrer hinsichtlich der Schaltgeschwindigkeit und des Verlaufs des Kontaktdruckes über der Schaltbewegung vorteilhaften Eigenschaften bei kleinstem Raumbedarf zum Schalten solcher Leistungen, wie sie beim Anlassen von Verbrennungsmotoren erforderlich sind.In addition to the particular advantage of saving the electromagnetic switching elements and the associated simpler manufacture, maintenance and warehousing, snap switches are suitable because of their properties which are advantageous with regard to the switching speed and the course of the contact pressure over the switching movement with the smallest space requirement for switching such powers as when starting Internal combustion engines are required.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden mittels ein und derselben Nockenwelle ein zweiter und dritter Schnappschalter betätigt, wobei der dritte Schnappschalter die Stromkreise für die im Innern des Fahrzeugs unabhängig vom Betriebszustand benötigten Verbraucher schaltet, während der zweite Schnappschalter als Wechsler in der Ruhestellung die Stromkreise für Park- und Standleuchten und in Arbeitsstellung alle für den Fahrbetrieb erforderlichen Stromkreise schließt. Mit dem dritten Schnappschalter können zum Beispiel die Stromkreise für Innenbeleuchtung, Radio und Zigarrenanzünder geschlossen werden, während mit dem zweiten Schnappschalter in Arbeitsstellung zum Beispiel die Stromkreise für die Fahrtrichtungsblinker, Fern- und Abblendlicht, den Zündstrom bei Otto-Motoren, für die Scheibenwischer und so weiter geschaltet werden können.In a further development of the invention, a second and third snap switch are actuated by means of one and the same camshaft, the third snap switch switching the circuits for the consumers required in the interior of the vehicle regardless of the operating state, while the second snap switch as changer in the idle position switches the circuits for parking. and parking lights and in working position closes all circuits necessary for driving. With the third snap switch, for example, the circuits for interior lighting, radio and cigar lighter can be closed, while with the second snap switch in working position, for example, the circuits for the direction indicators, high and low beam, the ignition current for Otto engines, for the windshield wipers and so on can be switched further.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform betätigt die Nockenwelle beim Drehen des Zündschlüssels aus der Ruhestellung in die Anlaßstellung die Schnappschalter in der Reihenfolge: dritter Schnappschalter, zweiter Schnappschalter, Anlasserschalter, und gibt sie beim Rückdrehen in der gegensinnigen Reihenfolge wieder frei. So kann in Ruhestellung das Fahrzeug ohne Insassen abgestellt werden, und der zweite Schnappschalter ermöglicht in seiner Ruhestellung das Einschalten des Park- und Standlichts. Ein Drehen des Zündschlüssels bewirkt dann, daß durch Betätigung des dritten Schnappschalters die Innenbleuchtung, das Radio und so weiter eingeschaltet werden können. In der Anlaßstellung kann die Innenbeleuchtung eingeschaltet bleiben, Park-und Standlicht erlöschen, dafür können alle anderen Verbraucher eingeschaltet werden.In a preferred embodiment, when the ignition key is turned from the rest position into the starting position, the camshaft actuates the snap switches in the order: third snap switch, second snap switch, starter switch, and releases them again in the opposite order when they are turned back. In the rest position, the vehicle can be parked without occupants, and the second snap switch enables the parking and parking lights to be switched on in its rest position. Turning the ignition key then causes that the interior lighting, the radio and so on can be switched on by actuating the third snap switch. In the starting position, the interior lighting can remain switched on, parking and parking lights go out, but all other consumers can be switched on.

Um die Ruhestellung und die Zwischenstellungen zwischen dieser und der AnlaßsteIlung festzulegen, sind im Zuge der Drehbewegung der Nokkenwelle in der Ruhestellung eine, zwischen der Betätigung des dritten Schnappschalters und des zweiten Schnappschalters eine zweite sowie zwischen der Betätigung des zweiten Schnappschalters und des Anlasserschalters eine dritte Raststellung vorgesehen. Um sicherzustellen, daß nach dem Anspringen des Motors der Anlasserschalter wieder geöffnet wird, die beiden anderen Schnappschalter aber in ihrer Stellung verbleiben, wird auf den Wege der Nockenwelle zwischen der dritten Raststellung und der Anlaßstellung eine Rückholfeder gespannt, die beim Freigeben des Zündschlüssels die Nockenwelle bis zur dritten Raststelle zurückdreht.In order to determine the rest position and the intermediate positions between this and the starting position, in the course of the rotary movement of the camshaft in the rest position there is a second, between the actuation of the third snap switch and the second snap switch and between the actuation of the second snap switch and the starter switch a third detent position intended. In order to ensure that the starter switch is opened again after the engine starts, but the other two snap switches remain in their position, a return spring is tensioned on the camshaft between the third latching position and the starting position, which extends the camshaft when the ignition key is released turns back to the third rest stop.

Über eine Drehbewegung der Nockenwelle von 150° ergeben sich die nachfolgend aufgelisteten Schaltpositionen, wobei die geringen Unterschiede in der Winkelstellung beim Ein- und Ausschalten sich auf den tatsächlichen Schaltvorgang im Schnappschalter beziehen, während die mechanischen Betätigungen stets bei der gleichen Winkelstellung erfolgen und aufgehoben werden (Schalthysterese).

  • 0° Schalter 1 (Öffner) ist offen, Stromkreis zum Anlasser ist unterbrochen.
  • Schalter 2 (Wechsler) in Ruhestellung, Park- und Standlicht benutzbar.
  • Schalter 3 (Öffner) ist offen, Radio und Innenbeleuchtung sind nicht benutzbar.
  • Rastung für diese Stellung.
  • 63° Schalter 3 (Öffner) schließt, Radio und Innenbeleuchtung sind benutzbar.
  • 75° Rastung für diese Stellung.
  • 91,5° Schalter 2 (Wechsler) schaltet alle anderen Stromkreise benutzbar, Park- und Standlicht aus.
  • 110° Rastung für diese Stellung.
  • 136,5° Schalter 1 (Öffner) geschlossen, Anlasserstrom fließt.
  • 150° Anschlag.
  • 121,5° Schalter 1 (Öffner) öffnet. Anlasserstrom ist unterbrochen.
  • 110° Rastung für diese Stellung, Motor läuft, alle Stromkreise versorgt, außer Anlasser, Park-und Standlicht.
  • 90° Schalter 2 (Wechsler) schaltet, Motor aus, alle Stromversorgungen unterbrochen außer Park- und Standlicht, Ratio und Innenbeleuchtung.
  • 75° Rastung für diese Stellung.
The following switching positions result from a rotary movement of the camshaft of 150 °, whereby the slight differences in the angular position when switching on and off relate to the actual switching process in the snap switch, while the mechanical actuations always take place and are canceled at the same angular position ( Switching hysteresis).
  • 0 ° switch 1 (break contact) is open, circuit to starter is interrupted.
  • Switch 2 (changer) can be used in the rest position, parking and parking lights.
  • Switch 3 (opener) is open, radio and interior lighting cannot be used.
  • Latch for this position.
  • 63 ° switch 3 (break contact) closes, radio and interior lighting can be used.
  • 75 ° detent for this position.
  • 91.5 ° switch 2 (changeover) switches all other circuits usable, parking and parking lights off.
  • 110 ° detent for this position.
  • 136.5 ° switch 1 (NC contact) closed, starter current flows.
  • 150 ° stop.
  • 121.5 ° switch 1 (NC contact) opens. Starter current is interrupted.
  • 110 ° detent for this position, engine running, all circuits supplied, except starter, parking and parking lights.
  • 90 ° switch 2 (changeover) switches, engine stops, all power supplies interrupted except parking and parking lights, ratio and interior lighting.
  • 75 ° detent for this position.

60° Schalter 3 (Öffner) öffnet, Radio und Innenbeleuchtung aus, Park- und Standlicht benutzbar.60 ° switch 3 (opener) opens, radio and interior lights off, parking and parking lights can be used.

Endlich ist zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen an Anlasser oder Motor eine mit der Nockenwelle zu betätigende Wiederholsperre für den Anlaßvorgang vorhanden, die zwischen dem Anschlag in Anlaßstellung und der dritten Raststelle wirksam wird.Finally, in order to avoid damage to the starter or engine, there is a repeat lock for the starting process which can be actuated by the camshaft and which is effective between the stop in the starting position and the third locking point.

Die Fig. zeigt in zum Teil schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Fahrtschalters nach der Lehre der Erfindung.The figure shows a partially schematic representation of an embodiment of a travel switch according to the teaching of the invention.

In dem Gehäuse 4 sind der Anlasserschalter 1, der zweite Schnappschalter 2 und der dritte Schnappschalter 3 festgelegt. Weiterhin enthält das Gehäuse 4 die Nockenwelle 5 mit den Nocken 6, und 8, die jeder auf einen Betätigungsstößel 9 des Anlasserschalters 1 und der Schnappschalter 2 und 3 einwirken. Die Nockenwelle 5 liegt mit Zapfen 10 und 11 in Lagern. Der Zapfen 11 hat eine Ausnehmung 12, die für die Aufnahme des Zündschlosses vorgesehen ist. Um den Zapfen 11 liegt außerdem die Rückholfeder 13 und in einer Ausnehmung 14 in der Nockenwelle 5 ist die Wiederholsperre 15 untergebracht. Das Gehäuse 4 weigt um das Lager des Zapfens 10 herum eine kreisförmige Rastbahn 16 auf mit Raststellen für die unter dem Druck der Feder 17 stehenden Rastkugel 18.The starter switch 1, the second snap switch 2 and the third snap switch 3 are fixed in the housing 4. Furthermore, the housing 4 contains the camshaft 5 with the cams 6 and 8, which each act on an actuating plunger 9 of the starter switch 1 and the snap switches 2 and 3. The camshaft 5 is located in bearings with pins 10 and 11. The pin 11 has a recess 12 which is provided for receiving the ignition lock. The return spring 13 is also located around the pin 11 and the repeat lock 15 is accommodated in a recess 14 in the camshaft 5. The housing 4 has a circular latching path 16 around the bearing of the pin 10, with latching points for the latching ball 18 under the pressure of the spring 17.

Claims (6)

1. Starting switch for motor vehicles having internal combustion engines and a starter, the electric circuit of which is closed by means of an ignition key turned in an ignition lock, characterized in that, for directly switching the starter current, a snap-action switch (1) is provided which must be operated by means of a camshaft (5) which is rotated via the ignition lock by means of the ignition key.
2. Starting switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that a second and third snap-action switch (2, 3) are operated by means of the camshaft (5), the third snap-action switch (3) switching the circuits for the loads needed in the interior of the vehicle independently of the operating condition and the second snap-action switch (2), as change-over switch, closing the circuits for parking and standing lights in its rest position and all circuits required for driving operation in its operated position.
3. Starting switch according to Claim 2, characterized in that, when the ignition key is turned from its rest position into the starting position, the camshaft (5) operates the snap-action switches in the order; third snap-action switch (3), second snap-action switch (2), starter switch (1) and releases them again in the reverse order when the key is turned back.
4. Starting switch according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that during the rotating movement of the camshaft (5) a first locking position is provided in the rest position, a second locking position is provided between the operation of the third snap-action switch (3) and the second snap-action switch (2) and a third locking position is provided between the operation of the second snap-action switch (2) and the starter switch (1).
5. Starting switch according to Claim 4, characterized in that along the path of the camshaft (5) between the third locking position and the starting position, a restoring spring (13) is tensioned which turns the camshaft (5) back to the third locking position.
6. Starting switch according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a rotation interlock (15) for the starting process, which becomes effective between the stop in the starting position and the third locking position and which is to be operated by means of the camshaft (5), is provided.
EP85109555A 1984-09-01 1985-07-30 Ignition switch for motor vehicles with a combustion engine and starter Expired - Lifetime EP0175104B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3432257 1984-09-01
DE3432257 1984-09-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175104A2 EP0175104A2 (en) 1986-03-26
EP0175104A3 EP0175104A3 (en) 1987-06-16
EP0175104B1 true EP0175104B1 (en) 1990-04-11

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ID=6244475

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85109555A Expired - Lifetime EP0175104B1 (en) 1984-09-01 1985-07-30 Ignition switch for motor vehicles with a combustion engine and starter

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0175104B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6161317A (en)
DE (1) DE3577158D1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5338849Y2 (en) * 1973-04-20 1978-09-20
FR2402291A1 (en) * 1977-09-02 1979-03-30 Neiman Sa Multiple contact vehicle anti-theft switch - has barrel lock turning coaxial cams to move contact carriers up to fixed contacts
DE3135866A1 (en) * 1981-09-10 1983-03-24 Franz Kirsten Elektrotechnische Spezialfabrik, 6530 Bingen Rotary switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3577158D1 (en) 1990-05-17
EP0175104A2 (en) 1986-03-26
JPS6161317A (en) 1986-03-29
EP0175104A3 (en) 1987-06-16

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