EP0169117A1 - Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre und Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Drehanode auf einer Trägerachse - Google Patents

Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre und Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Drehanode auf einer Trägerachse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0169117A1
EP0169117A1 EP85401213A EP85401213A EP0169117A1 EP 0169117 A1 EP0169117 A1 EP 0169117A1 EP 85401213 A EP85401213 A EP 85401213A EP 85401213 A EP85401213 A EP 85401213A EP 0169117 A1 EP0169117 A1 EP 0169117A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support axis
housing
ray tube
axis
anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85401213A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0169117B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Penato
Paul Hery
Claude Bouhnik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric CGR SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CGR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CGR filed Critical Thomson CGR
Publication of EP0169117A1 publication Critical patent/EP0169117A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0169117B1 publication Critical patent/EP0169117B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
    • H01J35/1017—Bearings for rotating anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1006—Supports or shafts for target or substrate
    • H01J2235/1013—Fixing to the target or substrate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray tube with a rotating anode usable in the general field of radiology, and particularly well suited in cases where the rotating anode is subjected to significant accelerations. It also relates to a method for fixing a rotary anode on a support axis.
  • the rotating anodes of X-ray tubes are generally disc-shaped.
  • the disc is fixed on an axis itself connected to a rotor, the assembly being driven in rotation by a rotating magnetic field to which the rotor is subjected.
  • the rotating rotating anode is subjected to very high stresses, both thermal and mechanical.
  • X-rays are obtained under the effect of electronic bombardment of a small surface of the anode, and a very small part of the electrical energy, used to accelerate the electrons, is transformed into X-rays. The rest of this energy is dissipated as heat in the rotating anode. Also, the rotating anode is subjected to very significant thermal shocks and can reach very high temperatures. Mechanical stresses are linked in particular to high rotational speeds and to significant accelerations to which the rotating anode may be subjected.
  • the anode is fixed to the axis which connects it to the rotor, by fixing means acting by clamping. It commonly happens that under the effect of the constraints mentioned above, the rotating anode tends to loosen and to move by turning, relative to its support axis. This can result in a haze or an imbalance of the anode-rotor rotating assembly, with the appearance of vibrations and risks of mechanical rupture.
  • the present invention relates to an X-ray tube with a rotating anode, in which the fixing of the rotating anode disc on its support axis is ensured in a reliable manner, by means which are simple and easy to implement, and which also allow disassembly of the anode disc.
  • the invention also relates to a method of fixing a rotating anode to a support axis.
  • an X-ray tube with a rotating anode comprising a rotor and a support axis arranged and secured along a longitudinal axis around which said rotating anode is rotated, said rotating anode comprising a first and a second face, opposite , between which it comprises a through hole arranged along said longitudinal axis, said support axis being engaged in said through hole, is characterized in that it further comprises at least one deformed element contained in a housing concentric with said support axis, said housing being produced between said support axis and a wall of said through hole, so as to secure said rotary anode on said support axis.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray tube 1 comprising, in an envelope 2, a rotor 3, a support axis 4, a rotating anode 5.
  • the X-ray tube 1 being, with the exception of means serving to fix and to block the rotating anode 5 relative to the support axis 4, of a conventional type, the other means with which the X-ray tube 1 is traditionally provided are not shown.
  • the rotor 3 and the support axis 4 are arranged and secured along a longitudinal axis 6, around which they cause the rotation of the anode 5, according to arrow 9 for example.
  • the rotating anode 5 is formed by a graphite disc 11, on which is deposited a layer of tungsten 8.
  • the rotating anode 5 has an axis of symmetry coincident in the figure with the longitudinal axis 6, along which it is crossed, between its first and second faces 12, 13, opposite, by a through hole 10 having in the example described a circular section (not shown).
  • the support axis 4 has a shoulder 16 from which its end 7 is engaged in the through hole 10 of the rotating anode 5, along the longitudinal axis 6; the second face 13 of the rotating anode 5 being in abutment on the shoulder 16.
  • the rotating anode 5 is fixed on its support axis 4 by means of a deformed element 21, arranged concentrically with the support axis 4 and contained in a housing 20 arranged between the support axis 4 and a wall 22 of the through hole 10.
  • the housing 20 is constituted by a groove, also concentric with the support axis 4, produced by the wall 22 of the through hole 10 and open, on the one hand on the first face 12 of the anode rotating 5, and open on the other hand on the support axis 4.
  • the housing 20 thus comprises a first wall 24, formed by the support axis 4 itself and, a second wall 25 opposite the first; this second wall belonging to the rotating anode 5.
  • the second wall 25 can be parallel to the first wall 24 au, thus in the example described, be inclined relative to the latter; the groove constituting the housing 20 then being a conical groove.
  • the deformed element 21 is constituted by a deformable element such as a closed or not ring, or a clamping ring, having before deformation a diameter (not shown in FIG. 1) equal to or greater than an average width L of the housing 20 , considered between its two walls 24, 25.
  • the clamping rod constituting the deformed element 20 is made of a refractory material, at low vapor pressure, and fairly plastic such as tantalum or niobium.
  • the deformed element 21 surrounds the support axis 4 at the level of the first wall 24, and determines between this first wall 24 and the second wall 25, belonging to the rotating anode 5, forces (not shown) which effect the blocking of the rotating anode 5 relative to the support axis 4.
  • the housing 20 and the deformed element 21 which it contains can be arranged on the side of the second face 13, towards the shoulder 16, where they are represented in FIG. 1, respectively identified 20a and 21a.
  • the housing 20a is open on the side of the second face 13; the deformed element 21 enclosing the support axis 4 in the same manner as in the case of the previous example.
  • the end 7 of the support shaft 4 also comprises a thread 14, on which is aimed an axial nut 15.
  • the nut 15 and the thread 14 also constitute a means of fixing the rotating anode 5 on its support axis 4, which also plays a role in the process according to which the deformation of the deformable element takes place or clamp ring from which the deformed element 21 is obtained.
  • the nut 15 comprises on a lower face 26, a ring 27 also concentric with the support axis 4.
  • the ring 27 enters the housing 20 bearing on the clamping ring 21; thus, when the nut 15 is used, the tightening ring 21 is inserted into the groove or housing 20, and comes to grip the support shaft 4 while being deformed, the assembly acting in the manner of a cable gland.
  • the rotating anode 5 has on the side of its second face 13 a housing 20a, provided with a clamping ring 21a, and that on the other hand the shoulder 16 also has a second ring 27a acting as the first ring 27, the tightening of the nut 15 causes the tightening rod 21a to be pushed into the groove or housing 20a; the clamping rod 21a as in the previous example, enclosing the support axis 4 while deforming.
  • first or the second ring 27, 27a are not necessary to obtain the deformation of the tightening ring 21, 21a if, for example, the diameter of the tightening ring 21, 21a is such that before to be deformed, it protrudes from the plane of the first or second face 12, 13; this being further explained with reference to FIG. 2, which repeats elements contained in a box 50 that comprises FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the method of the invention, applicable to the fixing of a rotating anode 5 on a support axis 4.
  • the rotating anode 5 being of the type comprising, between these opposite faces 12, 13 and, along an axis of symmetry 31 perpendicular to its plane, a through hole 10; the through hole 10 being intended to receive the end 7 of the support axis 4, the axis of symmetry 31 then being coincident with the longitudinal axis 6 of the support axis 4.
  • the next phase of the process consists in deforming the clamping ring 21 so as to increase the surface area and the force according to which, on the one hand, it is in contact and encloses the support axis 4 , that is to say the first wall 24, and on the other hand that it is in contact with the rotating anode 5, that is to say the second wall 25; this deformation of the clamping rod 21, which can even bring it into contact with the bottom 33, of the housing 20.
  • the deformation of the clamping rod 21 is obtained by tightening the nut 15, on the thread 14.
  • the nut 15 is supported on the part 32 of the clamping ring 21 by means of the washer 30, and when the nut 15 is used until the washer 30 is brought into contact with the upper face 12 , the clamping rod 21 sinks into the housing 20 and encloses the support shaft 4 while being deformed; the clamping ring then has an appearance similar to that already shown in FIG. 1.
  • the rotating anode 5 is fixed to the support axis 4 in a manner already considerably improved compared to the prior art.
  • the method of the invention also makes it possible to strengthen the connection between the deformed element 21 and the support axis 4, by producing a sort of weld between the latter.
  • the method also consists in heating the support axis 4 and the deformed element 21 to bring them to a temperature of the order of 1500 ° C; trials have shown good results at from 1200 ° C, and have shown that it is desirable not to exceed 1600 ° C.
  • This heating is preferably located on the part of the anode-support axis assembly 5-4, located around the through hole 10. Such localized heating can be obtained for example, under the effect of an electronic bombardment produced by means classics (not shown).
  • the support axes for rotating anodes are generally made of molybdenum or an alloy based on molybdenum.
  • the heating of the support axis 4 and of the deformed element 21 makes it possible to favor phenomena of interdiffusion between the molybdenum and the material of which the deformed element 21 is made, tantalum by free. This interdiffusion constitutes a kind of weld which considerably increases the adhesion of the deformed element 21 to the support axis 4.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another version of the method of the invention, in which the deformation of the deformable element or clamping rod 21 is obtained using a tool 35, and or the pitch of screws 14 and 1 'nut 15 are deleted.
  • the clamping rod 21 being placed in the housing 20 in abutment on the first and second walls 24, 25, it is then pressed into the housing 20 using the tool 35, so as to obtain its deformation as in the previous example, but under the effect of a momentary action of the tool 35.
  • the tool 35 may for example comprise a third ring 36, concentric with the support axis 4 and disposed in abutment on the part 32 projecting from the clamping rod 21.
  • the third ring 36 can be surmounted, as in the nonlimiting example described, by a solid part 37, on which is momentarily applied, axially, a force F necessary for the 'depression and deformation of the deformable element or clamping rod 21; this force F can be produced using traditional means known to those skilled in the art, such as a press for example (not shown).
  • the rotating anode 5 is fixed on its support axis 4, in a secure manner, only by the action of the deformed element 21 or clamping rod, the screw pitch 14 and the 'nut 15 being deleted. It should be noted that this removal of the thread 14 and of the nut 15 represents, with the X-ray tube 1 of the invention, a significant reduction in cost, taking into account the machining difficulties for producing a no screw 14 and a nut 15, and the waste that these machinings cause.
  • connection between the support axis 4 and the deformed element 21 can also be further improved, thanks to localized heating as has been explained in the previous example and which makes it possible to produce a sort of weld between the support pin 4 and the deformed element 21.
  • the tool 35 must remain in place during this heating, so that the force F continues to be exerted during the interdiffusion phenomena between the material of the support axis 4 and the material of the deformed element. 21.
  • the support axis 4 and the second wall 25 of the housing 20 may include streaks (not shown), made for example during their. machining.
  • the support shaft 4 comprises, at the level of the housing 20, a second groove 38 which constitutes a part of this housing 20. Under the thrust of the force F, the deformed element 21 or clamping rod also penetrates into this groove 38 of which it takes the form; flanks 39, 40 of the groove 38 thus constitute stops which oppose the tearing of the rotating anode 5, along the longitudinal axis 6.
  • the housing 20 may also include a second groove 38 in the case of the examples shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the X-ray tube and the method of the invention apply in all cases of X-ray tubes with a rotating anode, and more particularly in cases where the rotating anode is subjected to significant accelerations, and also in cases where the rotating anode is constituted by a graphite disc.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP85401213A 1984-06-29 1985-06-18 Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre und Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Drehanode auf einer Trägerachse Expired EP0169117B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8410359A FR2566960B1 (fr) 1984-06-29 1984-06-29 Tube a rayons x a anode tournante et procede de fixation d'une anode tournante sur un axe support
FR8410359 1984-06-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0169117A1 true EP0169117A1 (de) 1986-01-22
EP0169117B1 EP0169117B1 (de) 1988-11-09

Family

ID=9305632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401213A Expired EP0169117B1 (de) 1984-06-29 1985-06-18 Drehanoden-Röntgenröhre und Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Drehanode auf einer Trägerachse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4670895A (de)
EP (1) EP0169117B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3566193D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2566960B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4736400A (en) * 1986-01-09 1988-04-05 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. Diffusion bonded x-ray target
DE3930573A1 (de) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Drehanoden-roentgenroehre

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GB8621983D0 (en) * 1986-09-12 1986-10-22 K X Technology Ltd Ore analysis
US4964148A (en) * 1987-11-30 1990-10-16 Meicor, Inc. Air cooled metal ceramic x-ray tube construction
FR2655191A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-05-31 Genral Electric Cgr Sa Anode pour tube a rayons x.
FR2655192A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-05-31 Gen Electric Cgr Anode pour tube a rayons x a corps de base composite.
US5577093A (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-11-19 General Electric Company Target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5530733A (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-06-25 General Electric Company Target/stem connection utilizing a diffusion enhancer for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5547410A (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-08-20 General Electric Company Method of making an improved target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5498186A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-03-12 General Electric Company Method of making an improved target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5498187A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-03-12 General Electric Company Method of making an improved target/stem assembly - rotor body assembly connection for x-ray tubes
US5655000A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-08-05 General Electric Company Target/rotor connection for use in x-ray tubes
US5930332A (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-07-27 General Electric Company Method for connecting a molybdenum-based alloy structure to a structure formed from a more ductile alloy, and related articles
US6256376B1 (en) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-03 General Electric Company Composite x-ray target
US6480571B1 (en) 2000-06-20 2002-11-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Drive assembly for an x-ray tube having a rotating anode
US7062017B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2006-06-13 Varian Medical Syatems, Inc. Integral cathode
US6751293B1 (en) 2001-10-05 2004-06-15 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Rotary component support system
US6819742B1 (en) * 2001-12-07 2004-11-16 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Integrated component mounting system for use in an X-ray tube
US7184520B1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2007-02-27 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Component mounting system with stress compensation
GB0812864D0 (en) * 2008-07-15 2008-08-20 Cxr Ltd Coolign anode
US10483077B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2019-11-19 Rapiscan Systems, Inc. X-ray sources having reduced electron scattering
GB0525593D0 (en) 2005-12-16 2006-01-25 Cxr Ltd X-ray tomography inspection systems
US9208988B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2015-12-08 Rapiscan Systems, Inc. Graphite backscattered electron shield for use in an X-ray tube
US8243876B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2012-08-14 Rapiscan Systems, Inc. X-ray scanners
US6925152B2 (en) * 2003-05-13 2005-08-02 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co., Llc Target attachment assembly
US9046465B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2015-06-02 Rapiscan Systems, Inc. Optimization of the source firing pattern for X-ray scanning systems
US7924983B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-04-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Thermionic emitter designed to control electron beam current profile in two dimensions
GB0901338D0 (en) 2009-01-28 2009-03-11 Cxr Ltd X-Ray tube electron sources
JP5872574B2 (ja) 2010-11-05 2016-03-01 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． 転動式ディスク流体軸受システム
AT12862U1 (de) * 2011-08-05 2013-01-15 Plansee Se Anode mit linearer haupterstreckungsrichtung
CN118098909B (zh) * 2024-04-25 2024-07-30 昆山医源医疗技术有限公司 用于x射线管的管芯组件及x射线管

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US3900751A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-08-19 Machlett Lab Inc Rotating anode x-ray tube
FR2344119A1 (fr) * 1976-03-13 1977-10-07 Philips Nv Tube de rontgen a anode rotative
FR2415366A1 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-08-17 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Tube a rayons x
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EP0055828A2 (de) * 1981-01-02 1982-07-14 General Electric Company Röntgenröhre mit integrierter Anodenauftrefffläche, Trägerstange und Rotornabe

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US3678570A (en) * 1971-04-01 1972-07-25 United Aircraft Corp Diffusion bonding utilizing transient liquid phase
FR2166625A5 (de) * 1971-12-31 1973-08-17 Thomson Csf
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FR2370545A1 (fr) * 1976-11-12 1978-06-09 Snecma Procede d'assemblage par brasage-diffusion et articles obtenus
JPS553181A (en) * 1978-06-23 1980-01-10 Toshiba Corp Rotary anode structure for x-ray tube
US4276493A (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-06-30 General Electric Company Attachment means for a graphite x-ray tube target
JPS56160889A (en) * 1980-05-14 1981-12-10 Hitachi Ltd Joining method for metallic material
JPS5795051A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-12 Hitachi Ltd Structure of fixing target for rotary positive electrode type x ray tube
JPS58119142A (ja) * 1982-01-06 1983-07-15 Hitachi Ltd 回転陽極
JPS58123645A (ja) * 1982-01-18 1983-07-22 Hitachi Ltd 回転陽極
US4574388A (en) * 1984-05-24 1986-03-04 General Electric Company Core for molybdenum alloy x-ray anode substrate

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900751A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-08-19 Machlett Lab Inc Rotating anode x-ray tube
FR2344119A1 (fr) * 1976-03-13 1977-10-07 Philips Nv Tube de rontgen a anode rotative
FR2415366A1 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-08-17 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Tube a rayons x
GB2062953A (en) * 1979-10-12 1981-05-28 Philips Nv Rotary-anode x-ray tube
EP0055828A2 (de) * 1981-01-02 1982-07-14 General Electric Company Röntgenröhre mit integrierter Anodenauftrefffläche, Trägerstange und Rotornabe

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4736400A (en) * 1986-01-09 1988-04-05 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. Diffusion bonded x-ray target
DE3930573A1 (de) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Drehanoden-roentgenroehre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0169117B1 (de) 1988-11-09
FR2566960B1 (fr) 1986-11-14
US4670895A (en) 1987-06-02
FR2566960A1 (fr) 1986-01-03
DE3566193D1 (en) 1988-12-15

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