EP0169090A1 - Pallet for handling and stocking loads - Google Patents
Pallet for handling and stocking loads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0169090A1 EP0169090A1 EP85400977A EP85400977A EP0169090A1 EP 0169090 A1 EP0169090 A1 EP 0169090A1 EP 85400977 A EP85400977 A EP 85400977A EP 85400977 A EP85400977 A EP 85400977A EP 0169090 A1 EP0169090 A1 EP 0169090A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pallet
- dice
- shells
- chimney
- pallet according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/38—Details or accessories
- B65D19/40—Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
- B65D19/0053—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element
- B65D19/0077—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
- B65D19/0089—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element
- B65D19/0091—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element forming a continuous plane contact surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00029—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
- B65D2519/00069—Plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00099—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
- B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00293—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00298—Overall construction of the load supporting surface skeleton type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
- B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00353—Overall construction of the base surface skeleton type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00378—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of two or more pieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00393—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer grid type, e.g. perforated plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00398—Overall construction reinforcements
- B65D2519/00402—Integral, e.g. ribs
- B65D2519/00417—Integral, e.g. ribs on the non-integral separating spacer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
- B65D2519/00567—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements mechanical connection, e.g. snap-fitted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to pallets used for handling and storing loads.
- the most common pallets include a loading face, and a bearing face parallel to the loading face, these faces being braced by dice with which they are assembled.
- the dice which may be generally parallelepipedic, or cylindrical, provide between the loading face and the bearing face, on each side of the pallet, an entry for the forks which a handling machine comprises.
- the aforementioned faces, as well as the dice, are made of wood, and the various above elements constituting the pallet are assembled by nailing or even using bolts.
- Some pallet users at all stages of handling have their own fleet of pallets; we understand that each user who has managed his fleet of pallets, wants to see his own pallets come back, and not deteriorated, or less solid, from another user.
- Pallets are therefore difficult to recognize, it is common for users to receive in return pallets not belonging to them, which can be either damaged or still outside the standards and, therefore, practically unusable for the user in question.
- Pallets have already been proposed having a structure reinforced by the use of spacer pieces or dice made of synthetic material.
- the present invention relates, in general, to a particularly robust and easily identifiable pallet structure, which makes it possible to reduce the operating costs relating to the pallet fleets.
- a pallet according to the invention for handling loads of the kind comprising an upper loading face, and a lower support face which are parallel, braced by means of a plurality of dice made of any moldable material with rectangular section or cylindrical which are adapted to be traversed each by a tubular crimping element, the dice being placed so as to constitute a pallet comprising, on each of its sides, an entry for the forks of a handling machine, is characterized by the fact that the plurality of dices of said pallet comprises at least four dices having two parallel guide chimneys which are arranged in the vicinity of the vertices of the pallet, while the other dices of said plurality include a central guide chimney, each of said chimneys of guide receiving a connecting element of said faces and at least one of the dices of said plurality being capable of receiving at least one means of identifying the pallet.
- each die comprises two half-shells having an identical structure; these half-shells are superimposable and they each comprise means of mutual interlocking suitable for ensuring their positioning relative to each other.
- the half-shells have a generally rectangular shape with rectangular section and honeycomb structure, comprising a certain number of cells formed by a bottom veil, and sails extending perpendicular to this bottom sail to form two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides, as well as a median wall joining the two longitudinal sides, a said guide chimney being formed in a central zone of each of the transverse sides, so that the die comprises two chimneys guide, and is therefore called "double chimney".
- the transverse sides which these comprise comprise two cylindrical sections of revolution joined by an intermediate cylindrical section determining in each transverse side, a guide chimney; such a structure makes it possible to obtain dice with rounded corners.
- the loading and support faces are connected using tubular elements engaged in the or the guide chimneys of each die; the end of said tubular elements, in line with the loading face, comprises a prefaced head offering a large contact surface, and the assembly is obtained with the interposition of a large washer, by riveting, in line with the face of support from the other end of said tubular element.
- the respective loading and supporting faces of the pallet are subjected to a suitable thrust, direction and power. during the riveting of the tubular elements carrying out the assembly of said faces, through the spacers, so as to give a counter-jib to the pallet once assembled.
- a pallet according to the invention comprises an upper loading face indicated generally at 10, a lower bearing face indicated generally at 11, and a plurality of spacers each indicated as a whole by 12 .
- a dice is understood to mean an element which can be generally of rectangular section with two ends with flat surfaces, or of any other section, for example cylindrical, with also ends with flat surfaces, suitable for cooperating respectively with the upper face of loading and the support face.
- the upper loading face 10 forms a plate constituted by an assembly of five parallel blades 10A, with five crosspieces themselves comprising two so-called crosspieces of edge lOB, a middle crosspiece 10C, and two intermediate crosspieces 10D.
- the aforementioned crosspieces cross at right angles to the blades 10A, and are assembled to these by means of elements such as riveted points, staples or the like (not shown).
- the lower support face 11 As for the lower support face 11, it consists of three parallel blades, two of the edge, and an intermediate 11A linked to two crosspieces 11C, 11D; according to a particular embodiment the blades 11A, and the crosspieces 11C, 11D, are located at the same level, and they are joined together with 1 1 wedging elements 11E overlapping the respective end portions of the crosspieces and the blades.
- the edge and intermediate blades 11A also include, in a central area, a wedging element 11E.
- angles of the loading and bearing faces all have cut sides 15, in particular intended to promote the covering, without damaging the plastic film which can be anchored thanks to the overhangs of the loading and bearing faces compared with the recessed dice, moreover, these cut sides also aim to avoid deterioration of the wooden elements in the corners, during impacts.
- blades 11A, as well as the crosspieces 11C, 11D have, between the wedging elements 11E, chamfered edges 16, in particular intended to favor the engagement of the forks in the inlets.
- the fastening of the crosspieces 11C, 11D, and of the edge and intermediate blades 11A is ensured in any suitable manner for example by means of rivets, or riveted points, or even by stapling 17 (not shown).
- the loading 10 and support 11 faces are connected using a plurality of spacers; in the example illustrated, nine spacers 12 are provided, made in any moldable manner, one of these being now described in more detail with particular reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.
- each die 12 consists of two identical half-shells 12A, 12B; the half-shells being of identical configuration, only one of them will be described below.
- Each half-shell which, in the case under consideration, has a parallelepiped configuration, has a honeycomb structure closed on one side by a bottom web 20.
- the honeycomb structure comprises tubular sections 22 forming the tops of the half-shell; these vertices are connected on the one hand, by longitudinal webs forming the long sides 21 of the half-shell, and, on the other hand, by tubular sections 23 forming, in association with the vertices, the short sides of the half -shell.
- the half-shell In its center, the half-shell comprises a tubular section 24 connected to the long sides by webs 25.
- Each half-shell thus formed must be associated with another half-shell, the two half-shells having to be superimposed and immobilized relative to one another.
- two diagonal peaks of the half-shells carry elements projecting relative to the bottom panel 20; in the example shown there are three lamellae in a sector of a circle 26 coming from molding which are adapted to fit practically, without transverse play, in tubular vertices of another half-shell.
- honeycomb structure of each half-shell gives it remarkable resistance, with minimal weight and use of raw material.
- a die 12 is therefore constituted by the assembly of two identical half-shells 12A, 12B, assembly which is carried out at the four vertices by fitting the lamellae 26 into the tubular sections 22 in correspondence, while the joint plane of the half-shells 12A, 12B, is formed between the two facing side panels.
- a die is thus formed by assembling two half-shells, the tubular sections 23 formed in these being in the extension of each other form two chimneys C, Cl, emerging on each of the faces of the die 12.
- each tubular section 23 has a double taper, with a small section halfway up the sections, and a large open section on the faces of each half-shell.
- the small section is indicated in S, and, when the two half-shells are assembled one obtains in each chimney C, Cl, thus formed two zones of small sections Sy Sl, spaced from one another on the height of the chimney, which each constitute a means for guiding a tubular connecting element 30 visible in FIG. 7.
- the loading 10 and support 11 faces are advantageously joined by means of nine dice 12, as above.
- the loading and support faces are prepared with holes 17 in correspondence with the chimneys C, Cl formed in each die, which can be easily obtained, in a precise manner, using a appropriate drilling.
- tubular elements 30 engaged in the guide chimneys of each die; the end of said tubular elements 30 which is in line with the loading face 10, comprises a pre-shaped head offering a large contact surface as is clearly visible in FIGS. 8 and 9. It will be appreciated that the pre-shaping of the said head can be produced in various ways annular lip 30A in association with a washer 31 (FIG. 8) or else lip 30A provided with a cap 32 (FIG. 9).
- the assembly is obtained with the interposition of a large washer by riveting the tubular element to the right of the bearing face of the other end of the tubular element.
- the blades of the loading and support faces are provided on the outside with a countersink L suitable for housing the ends of the tubular elements, so that the latter are in no way projecting with respect to the loading faces and support.
- a countersink L suitable for housing the ends of the tubular elements, so that the latter are in no way projecting with respect to the loading faces and support.
- each tubular element 30 is, at one end, cut to form fins 30B which can be folded outwards on a large support washer 33 previously placed in the counterbores L.
- the crimping tool, or riveting is advantageously provided so as to perform, in a single pass, all riveting or crimping.
- the invention provides for placing the pallet under a certain pressure, of suitable direction and power, at the time of crimping or riveting the tubular elements, in order to give the pallet a counter-jib CF shown diagrammatically in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 15 In FIG. 15 is shown a usual pallet P stored on healds 35, the load C printing on the pallet an arrow Fl.
- the particularly rigid structure of the pallet according to the invention due to the use of deformable dice, and the number of connection points of the loading and support faces, and, on the other hand , the CF counter-jib given to the pallet during riveting of the tubular elements, the Fl jib, hitherto noted, is avoided, thanks to the fact that the CF counter-jib allows the forces due to the load C to be absorbed 'illustrated in Figure 14.
- a pallet made according to the invention offers undeniable advantages com p a-rativement to prior pallets.
- the injected plastic dice make it possible to fulfill various functions. They constitute non-deformable spacers; their rounded sonnets do not offer resistance to the forks of the handling equipment so that the latter "slide" without frontal impact, which results in the dice not being damaged.
- the illustrated pallet includes, as in the example of embodiment described in FIGS. 1 to 9, an upper loading face 10 comprising a plurality of parallel blades 10A, joined by crossbars of banks lOB, central 10C, and intermediate lOD; according to this embodiment the bearing face 11 is constituted by three blades pa aligners 40, 41, 42, provided with wedging elements 11E respectively disposed at the ends and in a central part of said blades; each of the blades 40, 41, 42 is fixed to the upper loading face 10 by means of three spacers 12 similar in all respects to those previously described so that the upper loading face is connected to the three support blades travers dam dam 12.
- angles of the support blades 40, 41, 42, and the angles of the blades 10A, lOB, of the upper loading face have cut sides 15; similarly, the blades 40, 41, 42 are provided with chamfered edges 16 between each die 12, in order to facilitate the introduction of the forks of a handling machine.
- the structure of the dice 12 being analogous to that previously described will not be repeated here.
- the means of assembling the lower support blades 40, 41, 42, with the upper loading face 10, being constituted by tubular elements 30 similar to those previously described, will not be repeated either, we will confine our to recalling that the elements in question are riveted as indicated above.
- the die 45 is also made of any moldable material and, as in the previous embodiment, it comprises two half-shells 45A, 45B, of configuration identical, intended to be assembled, a single half-shell will therefore, in the following, be described below.
- each half-shell has a substantially square section, and is constituted by four tubular sections 46 forming a block with a central guide chimney 47, perpendicular and opening out on the faces.
- the half-shells having to be immobilized one relative to the other, two tubular sections 46 diagonally comprise lamellae 48, in this case three, regularly distributed, adapted to fit into corresponding tubular sections formed in the other half-shell. Any angular displacement between the half-shells is thus prohibited when the latter are assembled.
- the ends of the half-shells must be in contact with the tank faces gement 10 and support 11 are, according to this f.orme embodiment, arranged with a series of pins 50 adapted to penetrate into the wood and thus forming a dice anti-rotation means which is simple and effective.
- the pins are advantageously provided for four in number, on each edge of tubular section 46.
- the dice described above called for convenience, single-chimney, have the advantage, compared to the other dice, called double-chimney, that of being of a slightly lower cost price, and of requiring only '' a single means for assembling the loading and support faces.
- the final cost of a pallet can be further lowered, without noticeable change in its characteristics, in mechanical strength by equipping it partly with double-stack dice, and partly with single-stack dice.
- the tops of the pallet will be equipped with double-chimney dice, while all the other dice will be single-chimney dice.
- the fixing of the dice with the support loading faces being carried out as previously by tubular elements riveted on the side of the support face.
- Such pallets whose loading and support faces are strongly braced by the dice, mono and bi chimneys have a construction much more robust than current pallets. Furthermore, the repair of the pallets requires specialized tools, so that said repairs must be carried out in the workshop, by people with suitable equipment and spare parts, to restore the pallet, after repair, its original configuration.
- zones of small sections S, Sl, formed in the chimneys C, C l are capable of guiding the tubular connecting elements 30, and of keeping the two half-shells perfectly aligned, while offering a certain amplitude of travel to allow obtaining the counter-jib indicated above, before the riveting of the tubular connecting elements 30.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne les palettes utilisées pour la manutention et le stockage de charges.The present invention relates to pallets used for handling and storing loads.
On a déjà proposé pour la manutention et le stockage de charges, une grande variété de palettes répondant pour la plupart à un certain nombre de critères apparus au fur et à mesure du développement des engins de manutention à fourche, du stockage de charges palettisées sur lisses etc...For the handling and storage of loads, a wide variety of pallets have already been proposed, most of which meet a certain number of criteria which have appeared as forklift handling devices have developed, for the storage of palletized loads on rails. etc ...
Les palettes actuellement les plus répandues comprennent une face de chargement, et une face d'appui parallèle à la face de chargement, ces faces étant entretoisées par des dés avec lequel elles sont assemblées. De manière courante, les dés qui peuvent être globalement parallélépipédiques, ou cylindriques, ménagent entre la face de chargement et la face d'appui, sur chaque côté de palette, une entrée pour les fourches que comporte un engin de manutention.Currently the most common pallets include a loading face, and a bearing face parallel to the loading face, these faces being braced by dice with which they are assembled. Commonly, the dice which may be generally parallelepipedic, or cylindrical, provide between the loading face and the bearing face, on each side of the pallet, an entry for the forks which a handling machine comprises.
De façon bien connue les faces précitées, ainsi d'ailleurs que les dés, sont réalisés en bois, et les différents éléments ci-dessus constituant la palette sont assemblés par clouage ou encore à l'aide de boulons.As is well known, the aforementioned faces, as well as the dice, are made of wood, and the various above elements constituting the pallet are assembled by nailing or even using bolts.
Certains utilisateurs de palettes, à tous les stades de la manutention possèdent un parc de palettes qui leur est propre; on conçoit que chaque utilisateur qui a géré son parc de palettes, tient à voir revenir ses propres palettes, et non pas celles détériorées, ou moins solides, d'un autre utilisateur.Some pallet users at all stages of handling have their own fleet of pallets; we understand that each user who has managed his fleet of pallets, wants to see his own pallets come back, and not deteriorated, or less solid, from another user.
On a donc proposé d'identifier les palettes par un marquage de celles-ci, chaque utilisateur ayant bien entendu son marquage personnalisé.It has therefore been proposed to identify the pallets by marking them, each user having of course their personalized marking.
Mais il a été observé que les marquages devenaient pratiquement invisibles après un certain temps d'utilisation de la palette, de sorte que le tri est particulièrement difficile, sinon impossible, notamment pour les personnes non initiées.However, it has been observed that the markings become practically invisible after a certain period of use of the pallet, so that the sorting is particularly difficult, if not impossible, in particular for uninitiated persons.
Les palettes étant donc difficilement reconnaissables, il est fréquent que les utilisateurs reçoivent en retour des palettes ne leur appartenant pas, qui peuvent être soit détériorées, soit encore en dehors des normes et, de ce fait, pratiquement inutilisables pour l'utilisateur en question.Pallets are therefore difficult to recognize, it is common for users to receive in return pallets not belonging to them, which can be either damaged or still outside the standards and, therefore, practically unusable for the user in question.
Ainsi qu'il apparaît de ce qui précède, la structure des palettes en bois, présente des lacunes, qu'il s'agisse de l' identification de celles-ci, ou de la résistance qui laisse à délirer.As it appears from the foregoing, the structure of wooden pallets has shortcomings, whether in terms of the identification of these, or the resistance which leaves them delirious.
On a bien déjà proposé des palettes ayant une structure renforcée par l'utilisation de pièces d'entretoisement ou dés en matière synthétique.Pallets have already been proposed having a structure reinforced by the use of spacer pieces or dice made of synthetic material.
Il en est ainsi dans le brevet belge No BE-A-895 808 (VAN NES) qui enseigne une palette avec une semelle et un plancher entretoisés par des pièces d'écartement en matière synthétique renforcée, qui comportent chacune un logement tubulaire pour un tube de sertissage, et des logements pour des pièces de renforcement.This is so in Belgian patent No BE-A-895 808 (VAN NES) which teaches a pallet with a sole and a floor braced by spacers in reinforced synthetic material, which each have a tubular housing for a tube crimping, and housing for reinforcing parts.
Mais on constate qα 'une telle réalisation nécessite outre diverses manipulations pour réaliser les éléments, des opérations de montage sans aucun doute longues et délicates. Il en résulte qu'une palette réalisée sous de telles conditions, représente un coût élevé, sans pour autant conférer à celui-ci une solidité à toute épreuve, conduisant à des frais d'entretien chez les utilisateurs.However, it can be seen that such an implementation requires, in addition to various manipulations to produce the elements, undoubtedly long and delicate mounting operations. As a result, a pallet produced under such conditions represents a high cost, without however giving it a foolproof solidity, leading to maintenance costs for users.
La présente invention vise, d'une manière générale, une structure de palette particulièrement robuste et aisément identifiable, qui permette de réduire les frais d'exploitation concernant les parcs de palettes.The present invention relates, in general, to a particularly robust and easily identifiable pallet structure, which makes it possible to reduce the operating costs relating to the pallet fleets.
Une palette selon l'invention pour la manutention de charges du genre comprenant une face supérieure de chargement, et une face inférieure d'appui parallèles, entretoisées par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité de dés réalisés en une quelconque matière moulable à section rectangulaire ou cylindrique qui sont adaptés à être traversés chacun par un élément tubulaire de sertissage, les dés étant placés de manière à constituer une palette comportant, sur chacun de ses côtés, une entrée pour les fourches d'un engin de manutention, se caractérise par le fait que la pluralité de dés de ladite palette comprend au moins quatre dés ayant deux cheminées parallèles de guidage qui sont disposés au voisinage des sommets de la palette, tandis que les autres dés de ladite pluralité, comportent une cheminée centrale de guidage, chacune des dites cheminées de guidage recevant un élément de liaison desdites faces et l'un au moins des dés de ladite pluralité étant susceptible de recevoir au moins un moyen d'identification de la palette.A pallet according to the invention for handling loads of the kind comprising an upper loading face, and a lower support face which are parallel, braced by means of a plurality of dice made of any moldable material with rectangular section or cylindrical which are adapted to be traversed each by a tubular crimping element, the dice being placed so as to constitute a pallet comprising, on each of its sides, an entry for the forks of a handling machine, is characterized by the fact that the plurality of dices of said pallet comprises at least four dices having two parallel guide chimneys which are arranged in the vicinity of the vertices of the pallet, while the other dices of said plurality include a central guide chimney, each of said chimneys of guide receiving a connecting element of said faces and at least one of the dices of said plurality being capable of receiving at least one means of identifying the pallet.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention chaque dé comprend deux demi-coquilles ayant une structure identique; ces demi-coquilles sont superposables et elles comportent chacune des moyens d'emboîtement mutuels propres à assurer leur positionnement l'un par rapport à l'autre.According to another characteristic of the invention each die comprises two half-shells having an identical structure; these half-shells are superimposable and they each comprise means of mutual interlocking suitable for ensuring their positioning relative to each other.
Suivant encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les demi-coquilles présentent une forme globalement parallélépipédique à section rectangulaire et à structure alvéolaire, comprenant un certain nombre d'alvéoles formés par un voile de fond, et des voiles s'étendant perpendiculairement à ce voile de fond pour former deux côtés longitudinaux et deux côtés transversaux, ainsi qu'une paroi médiane réunissant les deux côtés longitudinaux, une cheminée de guidage précitée étant ménagée dans une zone centrale de chacun des côtés transversaux, en sorte que le dé comprend deux cheminées de guidage, et est donc dit "double-cheminée".According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the half-shells have a generally rectangular shape with rectangular section and honeycomb structure, comprising a certain number of cells formed by a bottom veil, and sails extending perpendicular to this bottom sail to form two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides, as well as a median wall joining the two longitudinal sides, a said guide chimney being formed in a central zone of each of the transverse sides, so that the die comprises two chimneys guide, and is therefore called "double chimney".
Suivant une forme de réalisation préférée des demi-coquilles, les côtés transversaux que comportent celles-ci, comprennent deux tronçons cylindriques de révolution réunis par un tronçon cylindrique intermédiaire déterminant dans chaque cê- té transversal, une cheminée de guidage ; une telle structure permet l'obtention de dés dont les sommets sont arrondis.According to a preferred embodiment of the half-shells, the transverse sides which these comprise, comprise two cylindrical sections of revolution joined by an intermediate cylindrical section determining in each transverse side, a guide chimney; such a structure makes it possible to obtain dice with rounded corners.
Suivant encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les faces de chargement et d'appui, avantageusement réalisées en bois, au moyen de façon connue en soi, de pointes rivetées, sont reliées à l'aide d'éléments tubulaires engagés dans la ou les cheminées de guidage de chaque dé ; l'extrémité desdits éléments tubulaires, au droit de la face de chargement, comporte une tête préfaçonnée offrant une grande surface de contact, et l'assemblage est obtenu avec interposition d'une grosse rondelle, par rivetage, au droit de la face d'appui, de 1' autre extrémité dudit élément tubulaire.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the loading and support faces, advantageously made of wood, by means of a known manner, of riveted points, are connected using tubular elements engaged in the or the guide chimneys of each die; the end of said tubular elements, in line with the loading face, comprises a prefaced head offering a large contact surface, and the assembly is obtained with the interposition of a large washer, by riveting, in line with the face of support from the other end of said tubular element.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les faces respectives de chargement et d'appui de la palette sont soumises à une poussée, de sens et de puissance convenables lors du rivetage des éléments tubulaires réalisant l'assemblage desdites faces, à travers les dés entretoises, de sorte à donner une contre-flèche à la palette une fois assemblée.According to another characteristic of the invention, the respective loading and supporting faces of the pallet are subjected to a suitable thrust, direction and power. during the riveting of the tubular elements carrying out the assembly of said faces, through the spacers, so as to give a counter-jib to the pallet once assembled.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre donnée à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation d'une palette conformément à l'invention ;
- la figure 1A illustre en perspective éclatée les différents éléments constituant la palette montrée à la figure 1;
- la figure 2 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie entourée indiquée par II à la figure 1 ;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation d'un dé comprenant deux demi-coquilles de configuration identique, le dé ayant deux cheminées de guidage ;
- la figure 4 montre en perspective chaque demi-coquille ;
- la figure 5 est une vue en coupe du dé représenté à la figure 3 suivant la ligne V,V;
- la figure 6 est une vue analogue à la précédente selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 3 ;
- la figure 7 est une vue en coupe verticale suivant la ligne VII-VII de la figure 2, montrant l'assemblage de la face de chargement avec la face d'appui, à l'aide d'éléments tubulaires rivés traversant une cheminée de guidage d'un dé entretoise ;
- la figure 8 montre à plus grande échelle une extrémité de l'élément tubulaire, une telle extrémité étant entourée par l'encart VIII à la figure 7 ;
- la figure 9 est une variante de l'élément tubulaire précité ;
- la figure 10 montre en perspective une variante de réalisation d'une palette, suivant laquelle la face d'appui de celle-ci est réduite à des lames ;
- la figure 11 est une vue en perspective de la partie entourée indiquée par XI à la figure 10 ;
- la figure 12 montre, en plan, une autre forme de réalisation d'un dé, le dé ne comportant qu'une cheminée de guidage;
- la figure 13 illustre de façon schématique, en élévation latérale, la contre-flèche donnée à une palette selon l'invention lors de l'assemblage des faces de chargement et d'appui ;
- la figure 14 montre en élévation le stockage d'une palette selon l'invention sur des lisses, la palette portant un chargement ;
- la figure 15 est une vue analogue à la figure 14, la palette étant réalisée selon la technique antérieure.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pallet according to the invention;
- FIG. 1A illustrates in exploded perspective the different elements constituting the pallet shown in FIG. 1;
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the surrounded part indicated by II in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a die comprising two half-shells of identical configuration, the die having two guide chimneys;
- Figure 4 shows in perspective each half-shell;
- Figure 5 is a sectional view of the die shown in Figure 3 along line V, V;
- Figure 6 is a view similar to the previous along the line VI-VI of Figure 3;
- Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view along line VII-VII of Figure 2, showing the assembly of the loading face with the support face, using tubular elements riveted through a guide chimney a spacer thimble;
- FIG. 8 shows on an enlarged scale one end of the tubular element, such an end being surrounded by the insert VIII in FIG. 7;
- Figure 9 is a variant of the aforementioned tubular element;
- Figure 10 shows in perspective an alternative embodiment of a pallet, according to which the bearing face thereof is reduced to blades;
- Figure 11 is a perspective view of the surrounded part indicated by XI in Figure 10;
- figure 12 shows, in plan, another form of realization tion of a die, the die comprising only a guide chimney;
- FIG. 13 schematically illustrates, in side elevation, the counter-jib given to a pallet according to the invention during the assembly of the loading and support faces;
- Figure 14 shows in elevation the storage of a pallet according to the invention on beams, the pallet carrying a load;
- Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 14, the pallet being produced according to the prior art.
Tel que représenté aux figures 1 à 9, une palette selon l'invention comprend une face supérieure de chargement indiquée globalement en 10, une face inférieure d'appui indiquée globalement en 11, et une pluralité de dés entretoises indiqués chacun dans son ensemble par 12.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, a pallet according to the invention comprises an upper loading face indicated generally at 10, a lower bearing face indicated generally at 11, and a plurality of spacers each indicated as a whole by 12 .
On précise qu'on entend par dé un élément pouvant être globalement de section rectangulaire avec deux extrémités à surfaces planes, ou de toute autre section, par exemple cylindrique, avec également des extrémités à surfaces planes, propres à coopérer avec respectivement la face supérieure de chargement et la face d'appui .It should be noted that a dice is understood to mean an element which can be generally of rectangular section with two ends with flat surfaces, or of any other section, for example cylindrical, with also ends with flat surfaces, suitable for cooperating respectively with the upper face of loading and the support face.
La face supérieure de chargement 10 forme un plateau constitué par un assemblage de cinq lames parallèles 10A, avec cinq traverses comprenant elles-mêmes deux traverses dites de rive lOB, une traverse médiane 10C, et deux traverses intermédiaires 10D. Les traverses précitées croisent à angle droit les lames 10A, et sont assemblées à celles-ci au moyen d'éléments tels que pointes rivées, agrafes ou autres (non représentés).The
Quant à la face inférieure d'appui 11, elle est constituée de trois lames parallèles, deux de rive, et une intermédiaire 11A liées à deux traverses 11C, 11D ; suivant une forme particulière de réalisation les lames 11A, et les traverses 11C, 11D, sont situées à un même niveau, et elles sont réunies à 11 aide d'éléments de calage 11E chevauchant les parties terminales respectives des traverses et des lames. Les lames de rive et intermédiaire 11A, comportent aussi, dans une zone centrale, un élément de calage 11E.As for the
Il convient de noter quelques particularités de réalisation des faces de chargement et d'appui ci-dessus visant à faciliter certaines opérations ultérieures.It should be noted some particular features of the above loading and support faces aimed at facilitating certain subsequent operations.
En effet, on observe que les angles des faces de chargement et d'appui présentent tous des pans coupés 15, notamment destinés à favoriser le houssage, sans détériorer le film plastique qui pourra être ancré grâce aux débords des faces de chargement et d'appui par rapport aux dés en retrait, par ailleurs, ces pans coupés ont également pour but d'éviter la détérioration des éléments en bois dans les angles, lors des chocs.Indeed, it is observed that the angles of the loading and bearing faces all have cut
On note aussi que les lames 11A, ainsi d'ailleurs que les traverses 11C, 11D, présentent, entre les éléments de calage 11E, des arêtes chanfreinées 16, notamment destinées à favoriser l'engagement des fourches dans les entrées. La fixation des traverses 11C, 11D, et des lames de rive et intermédiaire 11A est assurée de toute manière appropriée par exemple au moyen de rivets, ou pointes rivetées, ou encore par agrafage 17 (non représenté).It is also noted that the
Les faces de chargement 10, et d'appui 11, sont reliées à l'aide d'une pluralité de dés entretoises; dans l'exemple illustré il est prévu neuf dés entretoises 12 réalisés en une quelconque manière moulable, l'un de ceux-ci étant maintenant décrit plus en détail en référence en particulier aux figures 3 à 6.The
Suivant une première forme de réalisation, chaque dé 12 est constitué de deux demi-coquilles identiques 12A, 12B ; les demi-coquilles étant de configuration identique une seule de celle-ci sera décrite ci-après.According to a first embodiment, each die 12 consists of two identical half-
Chaque demi-coquille, qui, dans le cas considéré, est de configuration parallélépipédique, présente une structure alvéolaire fermée sur une face par un voile de fond 20.Each half-shell, which, in the case under consideration, has a parallelepiped configuration, has a honeycomb structure closed on one side by a
La structure alvéolaire comprend des tronçons tubulaires 22 formant les sommets de la demi-coquille; ces sommets sont reliés d'une part, par des voiles longitudinaux formant les grands côtés 21 de la demi-coquille, et, d'autre part, par des tronçons tubulaires 23 formant, en association avec les sommets, les petits côtés de la demi-coquille.The honeycomb structure comprises
En son centre, la demi-coquille comprend un tronçon tubulaire 24 relié aux grands côtés par des voiles 25.In its center, the half-shell comprises a
Chaque demi-coquille ainsi constituée doit être associée à une autre demi-coquille, les deux demi-coquilles devant être superposées et immobilisées l'une par rapport à l'autre.Each half-shell thus formed must be associated with another half-shell, the two half-shells having to be superimposed and immobilized relative to one another.
Dans ce but, deux sommets en diagonale des demi-coquilles portent des éléments en saillie par rapport au voile de fond 20; dans l'exemple représenté il s'agit de trois lamelles en secteur de cercle 26 venues de moulage qui sont adaptées à s' emboîter pratiquement, sans jeu transversal, dans des sommets tubulaires d'une autre demi-coquille.For this purpose, two diagonal peaks of the half-shells carry elements projecting relative to the
La structure alvéolaire de chaque demi-coquille lui confère une résistance remarquable, avec un poids et une utilisation de matière première minimale.The honeycomb structure of each half-shell gives it remarkable resistance, with minimal weight and use of raw material.
Ainsi qu'on le voit bien en particulier à la figure 4, un dé 12 est donc constitué par l'assemblage de deux demi-coquilles identiques 12A, 12B, assemblage qui est réalisé aux quatre sommets par emboîtement des lamelles 26 dans les tronçons tubulaires 22 en correspondance, tandis que le plan de joint des demi-coquilles 12A, 12B, est formé entre lesdeux voiles de fond qui s'affrontent.As can be seen in particular in Figure 4, a
Un dé est ainsi constitué par assemblage de deux demi-coquilles, les tronçons tubulaires 23 ménagés dans celles-ci étant dans le prolongement les uns des autres forment deux cheminées C, Cl, débouchantes sur chacune des faces du dé 12.A die is thus formed by assembling two half-shells, the
On observera -figure 5 en particulier - que chaque tronçon tubulaire 23 présente une double conicité, avec une petite section à mi-hauteur des tronçons, et une grande section débouchante sur les faces de chaque demi-coquille.It will be observed -figure 5 in particular - that each
La petite section est indiquée en S, et, lorsque les deux demi-coquilles sont assemblées on obtient dans chaque cheminée C,Cl, ainsi formées deux zones de petites sections Sy Sl, espacées l'une de l'autre sur la hauteur de la cheminée, qui constituent, chacune, un moyen de guidage à un élément d'assemblage tubulaire 30 visible à la figure 7.The small section is indicated in S, and, when the two half-shells are assembled one obtains in each chimney C, Cl, thus formed two zones of small sections Sy Sl, spaced from one another on the height of the chimney, which each constitute a means for guiding a tubular connecting
Les faces de chargement 10 et d'appui 11, sont avantageusement réunies au moyen de neuf dés 12, tel que ci-dessus. A cet effet, les faces de chargement et d'appui sont préparées avec des percements 17 en correspondance avec les cheminées C, Cl formées dans chaque dé, ce qui peut être aisément obtenu, de manière précise, à l'aide d'une machine de perçage appropriée.The
Celles-ci sont reliées à l'aide d'éléments avantageuse- menttubulaires 30 engagés dans les cheminées de guidage de chaque dé; l'extrémité desdits éléments tubulaires 30 qui est au droit de la face de chargement 10, comporte une tête préfaçonnée offrant une grande surface de contact ainsi qu'il est bien visible aux figures 8 et 9. On conçoit que le préfa- çonnage de la tête précitée peut être réalisé de diverses façons lèvre annulaire 30A en association avec une rondelle 31 (figure 8) ou encore lèvre 30A munie d'un chapeau 32 (figure 9).These are connected using advantageously
L'assemblage est obtenu avec interposition d'une grosse rondelle par rivetage de l'élément tubulaire au droit de la face d'appui de l'autre extrémité de l'élément tubulaire.The assembly is obtained with the interposition of a large washer by riveting the tubular element to the right of the bearing face of the other end of the tubular element.
Avantageusement, les lames des faces de chargement et d' appui, sont prévues sur l'extérieur avec un lamage L propre à loger les extrémités des éléments tubulaires, de sorte que celles-ci ne soient aucunement en saillie par rapport aux faces de chargement et d'appui. A titre d'exemple, pour le rivetage chaque élément tubulaire 30 est, à une extrémité, découpé pour constituer des ailettes 30B rabattables vers l'extérieur sur une grosse rondelle d'appui 33 préalablement mise en place dans les lamages L.Advantageously, the blades of the loading and support faces are provided on the outside with a countersink L suitable for housing the ends of the tubular elements, so that the latter are in no way projecting with respect to the loading faces and support. By way of example, for riveting each
L'outillage de sertissage, ou de rivetage, est avantageusement prévu de manière à effectuer, en une seule passe, tous les rivetages ou sertissages.The crimping tool, or riveting, is advantageously provided so as to perform, in a single pass, all riveting or crimping.
A ce sujet, l'invention prévoit de placer la palette sous une certaine pression, de sens et de puissance convenables, au moment du sertissage ou rivetage des éléments tubulaires, afin de conférer à la palette une contre-flèche CF schématisée à la figure 13.In this regard, the invention provides for placing the pallet under a certain pressure, of suitable direction and power, at the time of crimping or riveting the tubular elements, in order to give the pallet a counter-jib CF shown diagrammatically in FIG. 13 .
En effet, l'expérience a démontré que les palettes actuellement stockées sur lisses, se déforment plus ou moins sous l'effet de la charge, et que les déformations enregistrées nuisent à la stabilité des palettes.Indeed, experience has shown that the pallets currently stored on rails, deform more or less under the effect of the load, and that the deformations recorded affect the stability of the pallets.
A la figure 15 on a représenté une palette usuelle P stockée sur des lisses 35, la charge C imprimant à la palette une flèche Fl.In FIG. 15 is shown a usual pallet P stored on
Etant donné d'une part, la structure particulièrement rigide de la palette selon l'invention du fait de l'utilisation de dés déformables, et du nombre de points de liaison des faces de chargement et d'appui, et, d'autre part, la contre-flèche CF donnée à la palette lors du rivetage des éléments tubulaires, on évite la flèche Fl, jusqu'ici remarquée, grâce au fait que la contre-flèche CF permet d'encaisser les efforts dûs à la charge C tel qu'illustré à la figure 14.Given on the one hand, the particularly rigid structure of the pallet according to the invention due to the use of deformable dice, and the number of connection points of the loading and support faces, and, on the other hand , the CF counter-jib given to the pallet during riveting of the tubular elements, the Fl jib, hitherto noted, is avoided, thanks to the fact that the CF counter-jib allows the forces due to the load C to be absorbed 'illustrated in Figure 14.
Une palette réalisée conformément à l'invention, avec des dés 12, et des faces de chargement 10, et d'appui 11, tels que décrits ci-dessus, offre des avantages indéniables compa-rativement aux palettes antérieures.A pallet made according to the invention, with the
Tout d'abord les dés en matière plastique injectée permettent de répondre à diverses fonctions. Ils constituent des entretoises indéformables; leurs sonnets arrondis n'offrent pas de résistance aux fourches des engins de manutention en sorte que celles-ci "glissent" sans choc frontal d'où il résulte que les dés ne sont pas détériorés.First of all, the injected plastic dice make it possible to fulfill various functions. They constitute non-deformable spacers; their rounded sonnets do not offer resistance to the forks of the handling equipment so that the latter "slide" without frontal impact, which results in the dice not being damaged.
Aux avantages précités, structure rigide, résistance, et obtention d'une contre-flèche, il convient d'ajouter des facilités d'identification des palettes par teintage dans la masse de la matière plastique utilisée pour la fabrication des dés. Les côtés plans et lisses 21 des dés 12, étant légèrement en retrait, non seulement par rapport au contour des faces de palette, mais aussi par rapport aux sommets des dés, constituent un emplacement idéal pour l'identification des palettes avec les codes "barres" bien connus, ce qui est pratiquement impossible ave c les palettes actuelles.To the aforementioned advantages, rigid structure, resistance, and obtaining a counter-jib, it is advisable to add facilities for identifying pallets by dyeing in the mass of the plastic material used for the manufacture of the dice. The flat and
A la figure 10 la palette illustrée comprend, de même que dans l'exemple de réalisation décrit aux figures 1 à 9, une face supérieure de chargement 10 comportant une pluralité de lames 10A parallèles, réunies par des traverses de rives lOB, centrale 10C, et intermédiaire lOD; selon cette forme de réalisation la face d'appui 11 est constituée par trois lames parallèles 40, 41, 42, pourvues d'éléments de calage 11E respectivement disposés aux extrémités et dans une partie centrale desdites lames ; chacune des lames 40, 41, 42, est fixée à la face supérieure de chargement 10 au moyen de trois dés entretoises 12 analogues en tous points à ceux précédemment décrits en sorte que la face supérieure de chargement est reliée aux trois lames d'appui à travers neuf dés 12. A noter que les angles des lames d'appui 40, 41, 42, et les angles des lames 10A, lOB, de la face supérieure de chargement comportent des pans coupés 15 ; de même, les lames 40, 41, 42, sont prévues avec des arêtes chanfreinées 16 entre chaque dé 12, afin de faciliter l'introduction des fourches d'un engin de manutention. La structure des dés 12 étant analogue à celle précédemment décrite ne sera pas reprise ici. Les moyens d'assemblage des lames d'appui inférieures 40, 41, 42, avec la face supérieure 10 de chargement, étant constitués par des éléments tubulaires 30 analogues à ceux précédemment décrits, ne seront pas repris non plus, on se bornera à rappeler que les éléments en cause sont rivés tel qu'indiqué plus avant.In FIG. 10, the illustrated pallet includes, as in the example of embodiment described in FIGS. 1 to 9, an upper loading face 10 comprising a plurality of
Suivant une variante de réalisation d'un dé entretoise et d'assemblage illustré à la figure 12, le dé 45 est également réalisé en une quelconque matière moulable et, comme dans la réalisation précédente il comprend deux demi-coquilles 45A, 45B, de configuration identique, destinées à être assemblées, une seule demi-coquille sera donc, dans ce qui suit, décrite ci-après.According to an alternative embodiment of a spacer and assembly die illustrated in FIG. 12, the
Suivant cet exemple de réalisation, chaque demi-coquille présente une section sensiblement carrée, et est constituée par quatre tronçons tubulaires 46 formant bloc avec une cheminée centrale de guidage 47, perpendiculaire et débouchante sur les faces. Les demi-coquilles devant être immobilisées l' une par rapport à l'autre, deux tronçons tubulaires 46 en diagonale comportent des lamelles 48, en l'espèce trois, régulièrement réparties, adaptées à s'emboîter dans des tronçons tubulaires correspondants ménagés dans l'autre demi-coquille. Tout déplacement angulaire entre les demi-coquilles est ainsi interdit lorsque ces dernières sont assemblées. Les extrémités des demi-coquilles devant être au contact des faces de chargement 10 et d'appui 11 sont, suivant cette f.orme de réalisation, aménagées avec une série de picots 50 adaptés à pénétrer dans le bois et formant ainsi un moyen anti-rotation des dés qui est simple et efficace. A noter que les picots sont prévus avantageusement au nombre de quatre, sur chaque bord de tronçon tubulaire 46.According to this exemplary embodiment, each half-shell has a substantially square section, and is constituted by four
Les dés ci-dessus décrits, dits par commodité, mono-cheminée, présentent comme avantage, par rapport aux autres dés, dits double-cheminée, celui d'être d'un prix de revient un peu plus faible, et de ne requérir qu'un seul moyen pour l'assemblage des faces de chargement et d'appui.The dice described above, called for convenience, single-chimney, have the advantage, compared to the other dice, called double-chimney, that of being of a slightly lower cost price, and of requiring only '' a single means for assembling the loading and support faces.
Il en résulte que le coût final d'une palette peut encore être abaissé, sans modification notable de ses caractéristiques, de résistance mécanique en l'équipant pour partie de dés double-cheminée, et pour partie de dés mono-cheminée.As a result, the final cost of a pallet can be further lowered, without noticeable change in its characteristics, in mechanical strength by equipping it partly with double-stack dice, and partly with single-stack dice.
Avantageusement les sommets de la palette seront équipés de dés double-cheminée, tandis que tous les autres dés seront des dés mono-cheminée. La fixation des dés avec les faces de chargement d'appui étant réalisée comme précédemment par éléments tubulaires rivetés du côté de la face d'appui.Advantageously, the tops of the pallet will be equipped with double-chimney dice, while all the other dice will be single-chimney dice. The fixing of the dice with the support loading faces being carried out as previously by tubular elements riveted on the side of the support face.
De telles palettes dont les faces de chargement et d'appui sont fortement entretoisées par les dés, mono et bi cheminées présentent une construction nettement plus robuste que les palettes actuelles. Par ailleurs, la réparation des palettes demande un outillage spécialisé, en sorte que lesdites réparations doivent être effectuées en atelier, par des gens possédant un matériel convenable ainsi que des pièces de rechange, pour redonner à la palette, après réparation, sa configuration originelle.Such pallets whose loading and support faces are strongly braced by the dice, mono and bi chimneys have a construction much more robust than current pallets. Furthermore, the repair of the pallets requires specialized tools, so that said repairs must be carried out in the workshop, by people with suitable equipment and spare parts, to restore the pallet, after repair, its original configuration.
On note que les zones de petites sections S, Sl, ménagées dans les cheminées C, Cl, sont aptes à guider les éléments tubulaires de liaison 30, et à maintenir parfaitement alignées les deux demi-coquilles, tout en offrant une certaine amplitude de débattement afin de permettre l'obtention de la contre-flèche indiquée plus avant, avant le rivetage des éléments tubulaires 30 de liaison.It is noted that the zones of small sections S, Sl, formed in the chimneys C, C l , are capable of guiding the
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation choisies et représentées données à titre d'exemple lesquelles pourraient au contraire faire l'objet de modifications sans pour autant sortir du cadre de la présente invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments chosen and shown given by way of example which could on the contrary be subject to modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8407740A FR2564430B1 (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1984-05-18 | PALLET FOR HANDLING AND STORING LOADS |
FR8407740 | 1984-05-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0169090A1 true EP0169090A1 (en) | 1986-01-22 |
EP0169090B1 EP0169090B1 (en) | 1988-05-11 |
Family
ID=9304130
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850400977 Expired EP0169090B1 (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1985-05-17 | Pallet for handling and stocking loads |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0169090B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3562600D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2564430B1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1003359A3 (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1992-03-03 | Leen Richard | Procedure for connecting parts of a pallet and the connection herebyobtained as well as the pallet itself |
GB2275251A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-24 | Paul Charles Lanfear | Plastic pallet |
ES2172403A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2002-09-16 | Plaspalet S A | Preformed modules to manufacture pallets and pallets obtained therefrom |
US10053261B2 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-08-21 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Plastic pallet with support blocks having upper and lower towers and associated methods |
EP3541714A4 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2020-05-27 | CHEP Technology Pty Limited | Plastic pallet with support blocks having pockets for pin wheeling and associated methods |
DE102019203480A1 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | 2In1 Ag | palette |
CN113602630A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-05 | 广东特帅科技股份有限公司 | Combined plastic pallet |
EP4368531A1 (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2024-05-15 | Abness Srl Società Benefit | Pallet and kit for making said pallet |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4843976A (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1989-07-04 | Pigott Maurice J | Plastic pallet |
US5579686A (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1996-12-03 | Nucon Corporation | Plastic pallet assembly |
FR2703326B1 (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1995-06-02 | Pierre Lamirel | Removable handling pallet. |
EP3630633A1 (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2020-04-08 | Integrated Composite Products, Inc. | Composite pallet |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE567438A (en) * | ||||
CH361755A (en) * | 1957-02-27 | 1962-04-30 | Karl Dipl Ing Kurz | Stacking plate made of wood |
DE2312477A1 (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-09-26 | Ockhardt Kuno | FOOT FOR SUPPORTING A BAR OF A PALLET |
FR2330599A1 (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-06-03 | Saupont Asbl Ateliers Proteges | Mfg. pallet from spaced panels - by placing cylindrical spacers in prismatic spacers and pressing spacer teeth in panels |
BE895808A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1983-05-30 | Nes Jean Van | Timber pallets with corner pillars and brace bars of plastics - pref. glass fibre reinforced polyester or polyolefin |
-
1984
- 1984-05-18 FR FR8407740A patent/FR2564430B1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-05-17 DE DE8585400977T patent/DE3562600D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-17 EP EP19850400977 patent/EP0169090B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE567438A (en) * | ||||
CH361755A (en) * | 1957-02-27 | 1962-04-30 | Karl Dipl Ing Kurz | Stacking plate made of wood |
DE2312477A1 (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-09-26 | Ockhardt Kuno | FOOT FOR SUPPORTING A BAR OF A PALLET |
FR2330599A1 (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-06-03 | Saupont Asbl Ateliers Proteges | Mfg. pallet from spaced panels - by placing cylindrical spacers in prismatic spacers and pressing spacer teeth in panels |
BE895808A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1983-05-30 | Nes Jean Van | Timber pallets with corner pillars and brace bars of plastics - pref. glass fibre reinforced polyester or polyolefin |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1003359A3 (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1992-03-03 | Leen Richard | Procedure for connecting parts of a pallet and the connection herebyobtained as well as the pallet itself |
GB2275251A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-24 | Paul Charles Lanfear | Plastic pallet |
ES2172403A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2002-09-16 | Plaspalet S A | Preformed modules to manufacture pallets and pallets obtained therefrom |
US10053261B2 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-08-21 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Plastic pallet with support blocks having upper and lower towers and associated methods |
US10364063B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-07-30 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Plastic pallet with support blocks having upper and lower towers and associated methods |
EP3541714A4 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2020-05-27 | CHEP Technology Pty Limited | Plastic pallet with support blocks having pockets for pin wheeling and associated methods |
CN112607174A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2021-04-06 | 集保科技有限公司 | Pallet, plastic pallet and method for producing a pallet |
DE102019203480A1 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | 2In1 Ag | palette |
DE102019203480B4 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-11-12 | 2In1 Ag | palette |
US11731804B2 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2023-08-22 | 2In1 Ag | Pallet including a carrier arrangement connected to skid arrangements |
CN113602630A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-05 | 广东特帅科技股份有限公司 | Combined plastic pallet |
EP4368531A1 (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2024-05-15 | Abness Srl Società Benefit | Pallet and kit for making said pallet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0169090B1 (en) | 1988-05-11 |
DE3562600D1 (en) | 1988-06-16 |
FR2564430B1 (en) | 1987-01-16 |
FR2564430A1 (en) | 1985-11-22 |
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