EP0168711A1 - Grabbing device - Google Patents

Grabbing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168711A1
EP0168711A1 EP85108191A EP85108191A EP0168711A1 EP 0168711 A1 EP0168711 A1 EP 0168711A1 EP 85108191 A EP85108191 A EP 85108191A EP 85108191 A EP85108191 A EP 85108191A EP 0168711 A1 EP0168711 A1 EP 0168711A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
gripping
gripping members
pivot lever
bearing shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85108191A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0168711B1 (en
Inventor
Erich Sennebogen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sennebogen Erich
Original Assignee
Zeppelin Metallwerke GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zeppelin Metallwerke GmbH filed Critical Zeppelin Metallwerke GmbH
Priority to AT85108191T priority Critical patent/ATE34588T1/en
Publication of EP0168711A1 publication Critical patent/EP0168711A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0168711B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168711B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
    • B66C3/14—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon
    • B66C3/16—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon by fluid motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • E02F3/4135—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device with grabs mounted directly on a boom

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gripping device, in particular for an excavator, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Gripping devices of this type are used for the excavation of foundations, trenches, shafts and the like, as well as for loading bulk goods.
  • the widths of the gripping members are usually selected in accordance with the respective application. Sizes between 300 mm for narrow trenches and up to approx. 800 mm for large excavation volumes are common.
  • the invention has for its object to design the gripping device so that the gripping members can be replaced in a simple and economical manner.
  • the quick-change device allows the gripping elements to be replaced quickly and largely automatically.
  • the storage of the gripping member with a bearing axis in an open bearing shell allows these bearing parts to be moved into or out of engagement with one another simply by a relative movement between the gripping member and the actuating device remaining on the working machine.
  • this is possible in that the gripping members lie on the floor or are placed there and the operator of the working machine executes the corresponding relative movement with the rest of the gripping device.
  • the connection between the gripping member and the actuatable pivot lever, via which the actuating device acts, can be released or closed by a worker before or after this movement.
  • a simple connection, for example a plug pin, is sufficient here.
  • the attack of the pivot lever at a distance from the bearing shell ensures a relative position of the gripping members to the bearing, by means of which the bearing axis is securely supported in all working positions.
  • the feature of claim 4 addresses a particularly simple and economical embodiment in production and mode of operation.
  • the feature of claim 8 further facilitates the automatic connection between the bearing axis and the bearing shell.
  • the feature of claim 9 relates to an embodiment in which the bearing axis is relieved. In addition, tilting and bending of the gripping members, if they have a shell shape, are avoided.
  • the gripping device shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in various operating positions has a carrier device designated as a whole by 1, an actuating device designated as a whole by 2 and two shell-shaped gripping members 3.
  • the carrier device 1 essentially consists of a suspension part 4, for attachment to a suspension counterpart of an excavator, which is only indicated at 5,
  • the actuating device 2 includes two cylinder-piston units 8 and two pivot levers 9.
  • the cylinder-piston units are each supported by their end on the cylinder 6 on the rotating mechanism 6 by means of a clamping sleeve 10 and a plug pin 11 (FIG. 6).
  • the piston end is pivotally connected to the pivot lever 9 by means of a bearing pin 12.
  • the point of attack lies at a different distance from both ends of the pivot lever 9.
  • Each pivot lever 9 is firmly connected to a bearing shell 13.
  • the bearing shells 13 are each claw-like in the shape of a circular arc, and they extend over more than a semicircle.
  • Each bearing shell 13 and thus the pivot lever 9 connected to it is rotatably mounted on the frame 7 of the carrier device 1 by means of a bearing 14.
  • the two bearing shells are connected to one another by a linkage 15, which acts on each bearing shell in the area near the bearing 14.
  • the cup-shaped gripping members 3 have approximately the shape of a quarter circle surface in cross section.
  • a bearing axis 16 extends through the cross-sectional area corresponding to the ideal center of the circle and is tubular. Together with the bearing shells 13, this forms the pivot bearing for opening and closing the gripping members.
  • These areas of both gripping members are connected to one another by a tab 17.
  • An articulation point 18 for the pivot lever 9 is arranged at an angle between the circular arc and the radius of the cross section.
  • a stop 19 is attached in this area.
  • Fig. 1 shows the starting position for receiving gripping members by the other devices.
  • the gripping members 3 are in an open position, supported on the floor with one edge each.
  • a support 20 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 is provided in the area of the tab 17. This can consist of wood, stone or sand.
  • the cylinder-piston devices are in their retracted position on the actuating device. As a result, the pivot levers 9 adhere to a substantially vertical posture and the bearing shells 13 are directed downward with their opening.
  • Fig. 3 shows the gripping device in the position of use, wherein the gripping members 3 are closed by extending the cylinder-piston unit 8.
  • the arrangement of the three articulation points: articulation point 18, bearing pin 12 and bearing axis 16 to one another forms an obtuse angle which, together with the cross section of the bearing shell 13 and the linkage 15, ensures that the bearing shell always supports the bearing axis of the gripping member and transmits the forces to the pivot lever 9 .
  • the loosening of the gripping members from the carrier device is carried out in the reverse manner just as quickly and simply: the opened gripping members are to be supported on the floor, the bolts 21 in the articulation points 18 are removed and, after a corresponding pivoting movement of the pivoting levers or bearing shells, the carrier and actuating device can be by means of the working machine can be lifted off the gripping member.
  • FIG. 5 shows the support 22 once in the support position with solid lines and once with a broken outline in the folded-down position. The support 22 prevents canting and bending of the gripping members 3 and their bearing axes 16.
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged detail. It is a section through the articulation point of the cylinder-piston units 8 on the slewing gear 6 by means of a clamping sleeve 10 and a plug pin 11.
  • the frame 7 of the carrier unit is also held on the slewing gear 6 with the same plug pin 11.
  • the frame 7 can be removed from the slewing gear by removing the plug pin 11, the cylinder-piston unit 8 still being held on the slewing gear by the clamping sleeve.
  • the frame 7 together with the pivoted lever 9 and bearing shells hinged to it can be removed, only the connection between the pivoted lever and the cylinder piston unit has to be released.
  • An exchange of the frame with swivel lever and bearing shells can prove to be advantageous when using particularly heavy gripping members.
  • the heavy slewing gear, as well as the cylinder piston unit with all connections can remain on the machine.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments. Gripping members of any shape can be used within the scope of the invention. Details of the carrier device and the actuating device can also vary insofar as the connection possibility according to the invention with the gripping members remains.
  • more than two gripping members can also be arranged in a star shape around the carrier, in each case with actuating cylinders, pivoting levers and bearing shells.
  • the bearing shells can be pivotally connected to the pivoting levers and can be fitted directly by the cylinder-piston unit.
  • the swiveling levers are then moved and locked by hand.

Abstract

1. Gripping device, in particular for an excavating machine, having two exchangeable grab jaws (3) which are pivotable towards one another into a closed position and away from one another to form the open position, with a preferably hydraulic operating device for the grab jaws, which are detachably connectable therewith ; and with a support device (1) for securing the grab jaws on the excavating machine, characterised in that both the grab jaws (3) are mounted on a frame (7) of the support device (1) by means of a quick-change mechanism, to which there belongs for each grab jaw (3) an automatically-separable pivot bearing (13, 16) comprising a bearing axle (16) and an open bearing shell (13) which supports said bearing axle force-lockingly, and also in each case a pivoting lever (9) which is movable by means of the operating device (2) and which engages on the grab jaw (3) at a distance away from the pivot bearing (13, 16) in such a way that it ensures, in all operating positions, a secure support position between the bearing axle (16) and the bearing shell (13).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Greifvorrichtung, insbesondere für einen Bagger, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a gripping device, in particular for an excavator, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Greifvorrichtungen dieser Art werden für den Aushub von Fundamenten, Gräben, Schächten und dgl., sowie zur Verladung von Schüttgut verwendet. Üblicherweise werden die Breiten der Greiforgane dem jeweiligen Einsatz entsprechend gewählt. Gebräuchlich sind Größenordnungen zwischen 300 mm für schmale Gräben bis ca. 800 mm für große Aushubvolumen. Es ist bekannt,bei einer Änderung der gewünschten Breite die Greiforgane auszutauschen. Sie sind dazu von der Trägereinrichtung und der Betätigungsvorrichtung abnehmbar. Beim Auswechseln ist eine Anzahl von Bolzen von Hand zu lösen bzw. wieder einzusetzen. In der Regel sind hierzu zwei Arbeitskräfte notwendig und ein Zeitaufwand von wenigstens einer halben Stunde. Dieser Aufwand erhöht die Kosten für den Baggereinsatz und vergrößert die Gesamtarbeitszeit des Projektes, zu dem der Baggereinsatz gehört. Wird darauf verzichtet mit Greiforgangen unterschiedlicher Breite zu arbeiten, wird die Arbeitsweise unwirtschaftlich.Gripping devices of this type are used for the excavation of foundations, trenches, shafts and the like, as well as for loading bulk goods. The widths of the gripping members are usually selected in accordance with the respective application. Sizes between 300 mm for narrow trenches and up to approx. 800 mm for large excavation volumes are common. It is known to replace the gripping members when the desired width is changed. For this purpose, they can be removed from the carrier device and the actuating device. When replacing, a number of bolts must be loosened or reinserted by hand. As a rule, two workers are required and a time of at least half an hour. This effort increases the cost of the excavator use and increases the total working time of the project to which the excavator use belongs. If you do not work with gripping operations of different widths, the working method becomes uneconomical.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Greifvorrichtung so auszubilden, daß die Greiforgane auf einfache und wirtschaftliche Weise auswechselbar sind.The invention has for its object to design the gripping device so that the gripping members can be replaced in a simple and economical manner.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Bei einem Wechsel der Einsatzbreite erlaubt die Schnellwechseleinrichtung ein rasches und weitgehend selbsttätiges Austauschen der Greiforgane. Die Lagerung des Greiforganes mit einer Lagerachse in einer offenen Lagerschale gestattet es, diese Lagerteile einfach durch eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Greiforgan und der an der Arbeitsmaschine verbleibenden Betätigungseinrichtung miteinander in oder außer Eingriff zu bewegen. In einfachster Weise ist dies dadurch möglich, daß die Greiforgane am Boden liegen bzw. dorthin gelegt werden und der Führer der Arbeitsmaschine mit dem Rest der Greifvorrichtung die entsprechende Relativbewegung ausführt. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Greiforgan und dem betätigbaren Schwenkhebel, über den die Betätigungeinrichtung angreift, kann vor oder nach dieser Bewegung von einer Arbeitskraft gelöst bzw. geschlossen werden. Hier reicht eine einfache Verbindung, beispielsweise ein Steckbolzen, aus. Der Angriff des Schwenkhebels im Abstand von der Lagerschale gewährleistet dabei eine Relativstellung der Greiforgane zu dem Lager, durch welche die Lagerachse in allen Arbeitsstellungen sicher abgestützt ist.When changing the application width, the quick-change device allows the gripping elements to be replaced quickly and largely automatically. The storage of the gripping member with a bearing axis in an open bearing shell allows these bearing parts to be moved into or out of engagement with one another simply by a relative movement between the gripping member and the actuating device remaining on the working machine. In the simplest way, this is possible in that the gripping members lie on the floor or are placed there and the operator of the working machine executes the corresponding relative movement with the rest of the gripping device. The connection between the gripping member and the actuatable pivot lever, via which the actuating device acts, can be released or closed by a worker before or after this movement. A simple connection, for example a plug pin, is sufficient here. The attack of the pivot lever at a distance from the bearing shell ensures a relative position of the gripping members to the bearing, by means of which the bearing axis is securely supported in all working positions.

Die richtige Stützstellung der Lagerschalen in jeder Betriebsstellung wird zusätzlich durch das Merkmal des Anspruches 2 gewährleistet.The correct support position of the bearing shells in each operating position is additionally guaranteed by the feature of claim 2.

Das Merkmal des Anspruches 4 spricht eine in Herstellung und Wirkungsweise besonders einfache und wirtschaftliche Ausführungsform an.The feature of claim 4 addresses a particularly simple and economical embodiment in production and mode of operation.

Das Merkmal des Anspruches 8 bringt eine weitere Erleichterung der selbsttätigen Verbindung zwischen Lagerachse und Lagerschale.The feature of claim 8 further facilitates the automatic connection between the bearing axis and the bearing shell.

Das Merkmal des Anspruches 9 betrifft eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Lagerachse entlastet wird. Zusätzlich wird ein Verkanten und ein Verbiegen der Greiforgane, wenn diese eine Schalenform aufweisen, vermieden.The feature of claim 9 relates to an embodiment in which the bearing axis is relieved. In addition, tilting and bending of the gripping members, if they have a shell shape, are avoided.

Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemäßer Greifvorrichtungen werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen geschildert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die Greifeinrichtung vor der Aufnahme von Greiforganen,
  • Fig. 2 die Greifvorrichtung mit teilweise angebrachten Greiforganen,
  • Fig. 3 die Greifvorrichtung mit vollständig angebrachten Greiforganen,
  • Fig. 4 einen Teilbereich einer anderen Ausführungsform in Frontansicht,
  • Fig. 5 den Ausschnitt nach Fig. 4 in Seitenansicht, und
  • Fig. 6 eine vergrößerte Schnittdarstellung des Bereiches nach den Schnittlinien VI-VI in Fig. 1.
Exemplary embodiments of gripping devices according to the invention are described below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 the gripping device before the inclusion of gripping members,
  • 2 the gripping device with partially attached gripping members,
  • 3 shows the gripping device with completely attached gripping members,
  • 4 shows a partial area of another embodiment in front view,
  • Fig. 5 shows the detail of FIG. 4 in side view, and
  • 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the area along the section lines VI-VI in Fig. 1st

Die in den Fig. 1 und 3 in verschienenen Betriebsstellungen gezeigte Greifvorrichtung weist eine als Ganzes mit 1 bezeichnete Trägereinrichtung, eine als Ganzes mit 2 bezeichnete Betätigungseinrichtung und zwei schalenförmige Greiforgane 3 auf.The gripping device shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in various operating positions has a carrier device designated as a whole by 1, an actuating device designated as a whole by 2 and two shell-shaped gripping members 3.

Die Trägereinrichtung 1 setzt sich im wesentlichen aus einem Aufhängeteil 4, zum Befestigen an einem bei 5 nur angedeuteten Aufhängegegenstück eines Baggers,The carrier device 1 essentially consists of a suspension part 4, for attachment to a suspension counterpart of an excavator, which is only indicated at 5,

einem Drehwerk 6 und einem Rahmen 7 zusammen.a slewing gear 6 and a frame 7 together.

Zur Betätigungseinrichtung 2 gehören zwei Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten 8 und zwei Schwenkhebel 9. Die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten sind mit ihrem zylinderseitigen Ende am Drehwerk 6 jeweils mittels einer Einspannhülse 10 und eines Steckbolzens 11 gelagert (Fig. 6). Das kolbenseitige Ende ist mittels eines Lagerbolzens 12 mit dem Schwenkhebel 9 schwenkbar verbunden. Die Angriffsstelle liegt im unterschiedlichen Abstand von beiden Enden des Schwenkhebels 9.The actuating device 2 includes two cylinder-piston units 8 and two pivot levers 9. The cylinder-piston units are each supported by their end on the cylinder 6 on the rotating mechanism 6 by means of a clamping sleeve 10 and a plug pin 11 (FIG. 6). The piston end is pivotally connected to the pivot lever 9 by means of a bearing pin 12. The point of attack lies at a different distance from both ends of the pivot lever 9.

Jeder Schwenkhebel 9 ist fest mit einer Lagerschale 13 verbunden. Die Lagerschalen 13 sind jeweils klauenartig in Kreisbogenform ausgebildet, wobei sie sich über mehr als einen Halbkreis erstrecken. Jede Lagerschale 13 und damit der mit ihr verbundene Schwenkhebel 9 ist am Rahmen 7 der Trägereinrichtung 1 mittels eines Lagers 14 drehbar gelagert. Die beiden Lagerschalen sind durch ein eine Zwangsführung bildendes Gestänge 15 miteinander verbunden, das an jeder Lagerschale in cem dem Lager 14 nahen Bereich angreift.Each pivot lever 9 is firmly connected to a bearing shell 13. The bearing shells 13 are each claw-like in the shape of a circular arc, and they extend over more than a semicircle. Each bearing shell 13 and thus the pivot lever 9 connected to it is rotatably mounted on the frame 7 of the carrier device 1 by means of a bearing 14. The two bearing shells are connected to one another by a linkage 15, which acts on each bearing shell in the area near the bearing 14.

Die schalenförmigen Greiforgane 3 weisen im Querschnitt etwa die Form einer Viertelkreisfläche auf. Durch den dem idellen Kreismittelpunkt entsprechenden Querschnittsbereich erstreckt sich eine Lagerachse 16, rohrförmig ausgebildet. Die bildet zusammen mit den Lagerschalen 13 das Schwenklagerfür das öffnen und Schließen der Greiforgane. Diese Bereiche beider Greiforgane sind durch eine Lasche 17 miteinander verbunden. An einem Winkel zwischen Kreisbogen und Radius des Querschnittes ist eine Anlenkstelle 18 für den Schwenkhebel 9 angeordnet. In diesem Bereich ist ein Anschlag 19 angebracht.The cup-shaped gripping members 3 have approximately the shape of a quarter circle surface in cross section. A bearing axis 16 extends through the cross-sectional area corresponding to the ideal center of the circle and is tubular. Together with the bearing shells 13, this forms the pivot bearing for opening and closing the gripping members. These areas of both gripping members are connected to one another by a tab 17. An articulation point 18 for the pivot lever 9 is arranged at an angle between the circular arc and the radius of the cross section. A stop 19 is attached in this area.

Die Verbindung zwischen den Greiforganen und der Träger- bzw. Betätigungseinrichtung ist bei einem Wechsel der Greiforgane auf einfache Weise und im Bereich des aus den Lagerschalen 13 und den Lagerachsen 16 bestehenden Schwenklagers selbsttätig zu lösen bzw. zu schließen. Fig. 1 zeigt die Ausgangsstellung zur Aufnahme von Greiforganen durch die übrigen Einrichtungen. Die Greiforgane 3 befinden sich in einer Offenstellung, am Boden mit jeweils einer Kante abgestützt. Zusätzlich ist im Bereich der Lasche 17 eine in Fig. 1 gestrichelt angedeutete Unterstützung 20 vorgesehen. Diese kann aus Holz, Stein oder Sand bestehen. An der Betätiungseinrichtung befinden sich die Zylinder-Kolbeneinrichtungen in ihrer zurückgezogensten Stellung. Dadurch nehren die Schwenkhebel 9 eine im wesentlichen vertikale Haltung ein und die Lagerschalen 13 sind mit ihrer Öffnung nach unten gerichtet. Wird nun mittels der Arbeitsmaschine, beispielsweise des Baggers, die Trägereinrichtung 1 über die Greiforgane gebracht, mittels des Drehwerks 6 in die richtige Stellung geschwenkt und anschließend abgesenkt, so setzen die Lagerschalen 13 auf die Lagerachsen 16 der Greiforgane auf. Wird nunmehr die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 8 betätigt, bewegen sich die Schwenkhebel 9 nach außen, bis sie am Anschlag 19 anliegen. Diese Bewegung erfolgt im wesentlichen synchron. In Fig. 2 sind zur Verdeutlichung der Vorgänge links und rechts seitlich etwas unterschiedliche Stellungen dargestellt: in der rechten Zeichnungshälfte hat der Schwenkhebel 9 mit seinem lagerschalenförmigen Ende die Anlenkstelle 18 noch nicht erreicht. Der Schwenkhebel 9 auf der linken Seite der Fig. 2 liegt bereits am Anschlag 19 an und ist mittels eines Bolzens 21 bereits an der Anlenkstelle 18 des Greiforganes 3 befestigt. Außer dem Anbringen dieser beiden Bolzen 21 ist nichts zur Verbindung der Greiforgane mit der Träger-, bzw. Betätigungseinrichtung erforderlich. Fig. 3 zeigt die Greifvorrichtung in Gebrauchsstellung, wobei durch Ausfahren der Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 8 die Greiforgane 3 geschlossen sind. Die Anordnung der drei Gelenkstellen: Anlenkstelle 18, Lagerbolzen 12 und Lagerachse 16 zueinander bildet einen stumpfen Winkelder zusammen mit dem Querschnitt der Lagerschale 13 und dem Gestänge 15 gewährleistet, daß die Lagerschale stets die Lagerachse des Greiforganes unterstützt und die auftretenden Kräfte an den Schwenkhebel 9 weiterleitet.The connection between the gripping members and the carrier or actuating device can be automatically released or closed automatically when the gripping members are changed and in the region of the swivel bearing consisting of the bearing shells 13 and the bearing axles 16. Fig. 1 shows the starting position for receiving gripping members by the other devices. The gripping members 3 are in an open position, supported on the floor with one edge each. In addition, a support 20 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 is provided in the area of the tab 17. This can consist of wood, stone or sand. The cylinder-piston devices are in their retracted position on the actuating device. As a result, the pivot levers 9 adhere to a substantially vertical posture and the bearing shells 13 are directed downward with their opening. If the carrier device 1 is now brought over the gripping members by means of the working machine, for example the excavator, pivoted into the correct position by means of the rotating mechanism 6 and then lowered, the bearing shells 13 are placed on the bearing axes 16 of the gripping members. If the cylinder-piston unit 8 is now actuated, the pivot levers 9 move outward until they abut the stop 19. This movement is essentially synchronous. 2 shows slightly different positions to the left and right to illustrate the processes: in the right half of the drawing, the pivot lever 9 has not yet reached the articulation point 18 with its bearing shell-shaped end. The pivot lever 9 on the left side of FIG. 2 already abuts the stop 19 and is already fastened to the articulation point 18 of the gripping member 3 by means of a bolt 21. Apart from the attachment of these two bolts 21, nothing is required to connect the gripping members to the carrier or actuation device. Fig. 3 shows the gripping device in the position of use, wherein the gripping members 3 are closed by extending the cylinder-piston unit 8. The arrangement of the three articulation points: articulation point 18, bearing pin 12 and bearing axis 16 to one another forms an obtuse angle which, together with the cross section of the bearing shell 13 and the linkage 15, ensures that the bearing shell always supports the bearing axis of the gripping member and transmits the forces to the pivot lever 9 .

Das Lösen der Greiforgane von der Trägereinrichtung erfolgt in umgekehrter Weise ebenso rasch und einfach: die geöffneten Greiforgane sind auf dem Boden abzustützen, die Bolzen 21 in den Anlenkstellen 18 werden entfernt und nach einer entsprechenden Schwenkbewegung der Schwenkhebel bzw. Lagerschalen können Träger- und Betätigungseinrichtung mittels der Arbeitsmaschine von dem Greiforgan abgehoben werden.The loosening of the gripping members from the carrier device is carried out in the reverse manner just as quickly and simply: the opened gripping members are to be supported on the floor, the bolts 21 in the articulation points 18 are removed and, after a corresponding pivoting movement of the pivoting levers or bearing shells, the carrier and actuating device can be by means of the working machine can be lifted off the gripping member.

In den Fig. 4 und 5 ist ein Teilbereich der Greiforgane 3 und des Rahmens .7 dargestellt. Als zusätzliche seitliche Abstützung der schalenförmigen Greiforgane ist an der Lasche 17 eine lösbar mit dem Rahmen 7 der Trageinrichtung verbindbare Stütze 22 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Halterung am Rahmen 7 erfolgt mittels eines Steckbolzens 23. Fig. 5 zeigt die Stütze 22 einmal in Stützstellung mit ausgezogenen Linien und einnal mit gestricheltem Umriß in abgeklappter Stellung. Die Stütze 22 verhindert Verkanten und Verbiegen der Greiforgane 3 und ihrer Lagerachsen 16.4 and 5, a portion of the gripping members 3 and the frame .7 is shown. As an additional lateral support of the shell-shaped gripping members, a bracket 22 which is detachably connectable to the frame 7 of the carrying device is pivotably mounted on the tab 17. The holder on the frame 7 is carried out by means of a plug-in pin 23. FIG. 5 shows the support 22 once in the support position with solid lines and once with a broken outline in the folded-down position. The support 22 prevents canting and bending of the gripping members 3 and their bearing axes 16.

Ein weiteres Detail zeigt Fig. 6 in vergrößerter Darstellung. Es handelt sich um einen Schnitt durch die Anlenkstelle der Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten 8 am Drehwerk 6 mittels einer Einspannhülse 10 und eines Steckbolzens 11. Mit dem gleichen Steckbolzen 11 ist auch der Rahmen 7 der Trägereinheit am Drehwerk 6 gehaltert. Durch Entfernen des Steckbolzens 11 kann der Rahmen 7 vom Drehwerk abgenommen werden, wobei die Zylinderkolbeneinheit 8 immer noch durch die Einspannhülse am Drehwerk gehalten wird. Auf diese Weise kann im Bedarfsfall der Rahmen 7 samt der an ihm angelenkten Schwenkhebel 9 und Lagerschalen abgenommen worden, nur noch die Verbindung zwischen dem Schwenkhebel und der Zylinderkolbeneinheit zu lösen ist. Ein Austausch des Rahmens mit Schwenkhebel und Lagerschalen kann sich bei Gebrauch besonders schwerer Greiforgane als vorteilhaft erweisen. Das schwere Drehwerk, sowie die Zylinderkolbeneinheit mit allen Anschlüssen können an der Arbeitsmaschine verbleiben.6 shows an enlarged detail. It is a section through the articulation point of the cylinder-piston units 8 on the slewing gear 6 by means of a clamping sleeve 10 and a plug pin 11. The frame 7 of the carrier unit is also held on the slewing gear 6 with the same plug pin 11. The frame 7 can be removed from the slewing gear by removing the plug pin 11, the cylinder-piston unit 8 still being held on the slewing gear by the clamping sleeve. In this way, if necessary, the frame 7 together with the pivoted lever 9 and bearing shells hinged to it can be removed, only the connection between the pivoted lever and the cylinder piston unit has to be released. An exchange of the frame with swivel lever and bearing shells can prove to be advantageous when using particularly heavy gripping members. The heavy slewing gear, as well as the cylinder piston unit with all connections can remain on the machine.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung können Greiforgane beliebiger Formen verwendet werden. Ebenso können Einzelheiten der Trägereinrichtung und der Betätigungseinrichtung variieren, soweit die erfindungsgemäße Verbindungsmöglichkeit mit den Greiforganen bestehen bleibt.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments. Gripping members of any shape can be used within the scope of the invention. Details of the carrier device and the actuating device can also vary insofar as the connection possibility according to the invention with the gripping members remains.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung können auch mehr als zwei Greiforgane sternförmig um den Träger angeordnet sein, jeweils mit Betätigungszylindern, Schwenkhebeln und Lagerschalen.Within the scope of the invention, more than two gripping members can also be arranged in a star shape around the carrier, in each case with actuating cylinders, pivoting levers and bearing shells.

Die Lagerschalen können schwenkbar mit den Schwenkhebeln verbunden une durch die Zylinderkolbeneinheit direkt aufsetzbar sein. Das Bewegen und Verriegeln der Schwenkhebel erfolgt dann von Hand.The bearing shells can be pivotally connected to the pivoting levers and can be fitted directly by the cylinder-piston unit. The swiveling levers are then moved and locked by hand.

Claims (8)

1. Greifvorrichtung, insbesondere für einen Bagger, mit zwei auswechselbaren Greiforganen, die in eine Schließstellung aufeinander zu und zum öffnen voneinander weg verschwenkbar sind, mit einer vorzugsweise hydraulischen Betätigungsvorrichtung für die Greiforgane, die mit ihr lösbar verbindbar sind, und mit einer Trägereinrichtung für das Haltern der Greiforgane am Bagger, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß beide Greiforgane (3) an einem Rahmen (7) der Trägereinrichtung (1) mittels einer Schnellwechseleinrichtung gelagert sind, zu der für jedes Greiforgan (3) ein selbsttätig trennbares Schwenklager (13,16), bestehend aus einer Lagerachse (16) und einer diese kraftschlüssig stützenden offenen Lagerschale (13) gehört, sowie jeweils ein von der Betätigungsvorrichtung (2) bewegbarer Schwenkhebel (9), der am Greiforgan (3) derart im Abstand vom Schwenklager (13,16) angreift, daß er in allen Arbeitsstellungen eine sichere Abstützstellung zwischen der Lagerachse (16) und der Lagerschale (13) erzwingt.1.Gripping device, in particular for an excavator, with two interchangeable gripping members which can be pivoted towards one another and opened to one another in a closed position, with a preferably hydraulic actuating device for the gripping members, which can be releasably connected to it, and with a carrier device for the Holding the gripping members on the excavator, characterized in that both gripping members (3) are mounted on a frame (7) of the carrier device (1) by means of a quick-change device, to which an automatically separable pivot bearing (13, 16) for each gripping member (3), Consists of a bearing axis (16) and an open bearing bracket that supports this force-locking le (13) belongs, as well as a pivoting lever (9) which can be moved by the actuating device (2) and which engages on the gripping member (3) at a distance from the pivoting bearing (13, 16) in such a way that it provides a safe support position between the bearing axis in all working positions (16) and the bearing shell (13). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet, daß die Lagerschalen (13) an dem Rahmen (7) der Trägereinrichtung (1) schwenkbar gelagert sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing shells (13) on the frame (7) of the carrier device (1) are pivotally mounted. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet, daß die Lagerschalen (13) durch ein ihre Bewegungen um die Lagerachsen (16) gegensinnig synchronisierendes Gestänge (15) verbunden sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing shells (13) are connected by a movement synchronizing their movements about the bearing axes (16) in opposite directions linkage (15). 4. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Lagerschale (13) starr mit einem Schwenkhebel (9) verbunden ist.4. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each bearing shell (13) is rigidly connected to a pivot lever (9). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet, daß eine Zylinderkolbeneinheit (8) der Betätigungseinrichtung (2) am Schwenkhebel (9) im Abstand von der Lagerschale (13) und in größerem Abstand von dessen Anlenkstelle für das Greiforgan (3) angreift.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that a cylinder-piston unit (8) of the actuating device (2) on the pivot lever (9) at a distance from the bearing shell (13) and at a greater distance from its articulation point for the gripping member (3) . 6. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ideelle Verbindungslinie: Lagerachse (16) des Greiforganes (3), Angriffsstelle der Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit (8) am Schwenkhebel (9), Anlenkstelle (18) zwischen Schwenkhebel (9) und Greiforgan (3), einen stumpfen Winkel bildet.6. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ideal connecting line: bearing axis (16) of the gripping member (3), point of attack of the cylinder-piston unit (8) on the pivot lever (9), articulation point (18) between the pivot lever (9) and gripping member (3), forms an obtuse angle. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet, daß jede Lagerschale (13) schwenkbar mit einem Schwenkhebel (9) verbunden ist und die Zylinderkolbeneinheit (8) an der Lagerschale (13) angreift.7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that each bearing shell (13) is pivotally connected to a pivot lever (9) and the cylinder-piston unit (8) engages on the bearing shell (13). 8. Vorrichtung wenigstens nach Anspruch 1 mit wenigstens einer die Greiforgane im Bereich ihrer Lagerachsen miteinander verbindenden Lasche, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, daß an der Lasche (17) eine lösbar mit der Trägereinrichtung (1) verbindbare Stütze (22) schwenkbar angeordnet ist.8. The device at least according to claim 1 with at least one tab connecting the gripping members in the region of their bearing axes, characterized in that a bracket (22) which can be detachably connected to the carrier device (1) is pivotably arranged on the tab (17).
EP85108191A 1984-07-11 1985-07-02 Grabbing device Expired EP0168711B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85108191T ATE34588T1 (en) 1984-07-11 1985-07-02 GRIPPER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3425542A DE3425542C2 (en) 1984-07-11 1984-07-11 Gripper device
DE3425542 1984-07-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168711A1 true EP0168711A1 (en) 1986-01-22
EP0168711B1 EP0168711B1 (en) 1988-05-25

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ID=6240378

Family Applications (1)

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EP85108191A Expired EP0168711B1 (en) 1984-07-11 1985-07-02 Grabbing device

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EP (1) EP0168711B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE34588T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3425542C2 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1001749C2 (en) * 1995-11-27 1997-05-30 Martien Dirk Van Zandwijk Coupling device.
FR2808261A1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2001-11-02 Liebherr Hydraulikbagger Rapid changer for multi-grab gripper has grabs pivotably located on support and central support connectable at one end with gripper suspension, having adapter at its other end
CN103253592A (en) * 2013-05-13 2013-08-21 武汉海王机电工程技术公司 Machine lifting tool for automatically grabbing and releasing goods
GB2522420A (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-29 Caterpillar Work Tools Bv Exchange system for implement of machine
CN105217443A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-06 上海金泰工程机械有限公司 Two oil cylinder duplex pull rod grab bucket
CN111115447A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-08 四川大学 Fixing device and engineering machinery
RU2764528C1 (en) * 2021-06-03 2022-01-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Хабаровский Федеральный исследовательский центр Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук Method for the development of thin ore veins

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9010351U1 (en) * 1990-07-09 1990-09-13 Nagler, Juergen, 5804 Herdecke, De
DE29601644U1 (en) * 1996-01-31 1997-06-05 Liebherr Hydraulikbagger Interchangeable clamshell bucket
DE202020104693U1 (en) 2020-08-13 2021-11-16 Rolf Mieger Drive for a grab, grab and construction machine

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US2731163A (en) * 1953-03-04 1956-01-17 Shawnee Mfg Company Inc Ditching machine having swingably mounted clamshell bucket
FR1325723A (en) * 1962-03-19 1963-05-03 Benoto Sa Hydraulically operated clamshell
FR1366185A (en) * 1963-05-30 1964-07-10 Venissieux Atel Clamshell articulated on a support arm
FR1376526A (en) * 1963-06-11 1964-10-31 Poclain Sa Two-shell clamshell improvements
FR1435124A (en) * 1965-03-01 1966-04-15 Auxitra Clamshell
GB1080183A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-08-23 Bamford Excavators Ltd Improvements relating to hydraulically operated grabs
FR1556768A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-02-07 Du Pont
US4023848A (en) * 1976-01-05 1977-05-17 J. I. Case Company Log grapple
US4047313A (en) * 1975-02-10 1977-09-13 International Harvester Company Convertible grab bucket
EP0054207A2 (en) * 1980-12-02 1982-06-23 Serge Vuistiner Hydraulic device for a soil-shifting machine

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2731163A (en) * 1953-03-04 1956-01-17 Shawnee Mfg Company Inc Ditching machine having swingably mounted clamshell bucket
FR1325723A (en) * 1962-03-19 1963-05-03 Benoto Sa Hydraulically operated clamshell
FR1366185A (en) * 1963-05-30 1964-07-10 Venissieux Atel Clamshell articulated on a support arm
FR1376526A (en) * 1963-06-11 1964-10-31 Poclain Sa Two-shell clamshell improvements
FR1435124A (en) * 1965-03-01 1966-04-15 Auxitra Clamshell
GB1080183A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-08-23 Bamford Excavators Ltd Improvements relating to hydraulically operated grabs
FR1556768A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-02-07 Du Pont
US4047313A (en) * 1975-02-10 1977-09-13 International Harvester Company Convertible grab bucket
US4023848A (en) * 1976-01-05 1977-05-17 J. I. Case Company Log grapple
EP0054207A2 (en) * 1980-12-02 1982-06-23 Serge Vuistiner Hydraulic device for a soil-shifting machine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1001749C2 (en) * 1995-11-27 1997-05-30 Martien Dirk Van Zandwijk Coupling device.
FR2808261A1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2001-11-02 Liebherr Hydraulikbagger Rapid changer for multi-grab gripper has grabs pivotably located on support and central support connectable at one end with gripper suspension, having adapter at its other end
CN103253592A (en) * 2013-05-13 2013-08-21 武汉海王机电工程技术公司 Machine lifting tool for automatically grabbing and releasing goods
GB2522420A (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-29 Caterpillar Work Tools Bv Exchange system for implement of machine
GB2522420B (en) * 2014-01-22 2018-09-05 Caterpillar Work Tools Bv Exchange system for implement of machine
CN105217443A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-06 上海金泰工程机械有限公司 Two oil cylinder duplex pull rod grab bucket
CN111115447A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-08 四川大学 Fixing device and engineering machinery
CN111115447B (en) * 2020-01-21 2024-04-19 四川大学 Fixing device and engineering machinery
RU2764528C1 (en) * 2021-06-03 2022-01-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Хабаровский Федеральный исследовательский центр Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук Method for the development of thin ore veins

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3425542C2 (en) 1986-12-04
DE3562931D1 (en) 1988-06-30
EP0168711B1 (en) 1988-05-25
ATE34588T1 (en) 1988-06-15
DE3425542A1 (en) 1986-01-23

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