EP0166816B1 - Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166816B1
EP0166816B1 EP84114967A EP84114967A EP0166816B1 EP 0166816 B1 EP0166816 B1 EP 0166816B1 EP 84114967 A EP84114967 A EP 84114967A EP 84114967 A EP84114967 A EP 84114967A EP 0166816 B1 EP0166816 B1 EP 0166816B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
electrodes
potential surfaces
flock
group
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Expired
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EP84114967A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0166816A3 (en
EP0166816A2 (en
Inventor
Robert L. Goerens
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Uniroyal Textilcord SA
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Uniroyal Textilcord SA
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Priority to AT84114967T priority Critical patent/ATE42975T1/en
Publication of EP0166816A2 publication Critical patent/EP0166816A2/en
Publication of EP0166816A3 publication Critical patent/EP0166816A3/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/408—Flocked yarns
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23943—Flock surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating an electrostatic field of high voltage for the electrostatic flocking of a thread-like or yarn-shaped material which is moved in a host of adhesive-provided, grounded threads through a high-voltage electrostatic field which acts between the potential levels of electrodes .
  • the flocked material which is brought up on an electrically non-conductive conveying means arranged above the bottom electrode and below the threads of the thread sheet, is accelerated in the direction of the threads of the thread sheet and shot into the adhesive jacket of the threads.
  • the device relates to a flocking chamber formed from the lower and upper electrodes, each of which has an electrostatically effective potential surface and can be connected to high electrical voltage.
  • a continuous conveying means which brings the flock material, is arranged between the electrodes.
  • the flocking chamber is preceded by an adhesive application device for the thread sheet that can be pulled off a creel. Downstream of the flocking chamber is a drying chamber for the flocked threads of the thread sheet.
  • the threads are kept straight by a tensioning device and wound up by a winding device.
  • All-round flocked yarns and threads can be obtained if, according to the manufacturing process of DE-PS-1 635 235, the threads are rotated about their longitudinal axis on their way through the electric field. This known procedure is disadvantageous with regard to the continuous twist. The flock density of the thread obtained can also be further improved.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a method for electrostatic flocking, according to which any yarn and thread can be flocked tightly and optimally without the yarn or thread having to be rotated.
  • the shortcomings of the known methods are to be avoided.
  • this is achieved in that an electric field is generated between non-planar potential surfaces of the electrodes in the direction of action transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, and that these potential surfaces are effective symmetrically to each thread of the family of threads and that the threads are moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the thread by the electrical field.
  • the threads of the thread family are flocked tightly with flock material all around, without the thread or the electrode having to be rotated.
  • the electric field is generated in a very simple manner between potential surfaces that are curved to the thread.
  • the flock In an electrostatic field, the flock is always fired from the electrode at a right angle to the potential surface and accelerated. If the potential surfaces are not flat, the flock follows shorter and longer field lines. Flock, which gets into the area of the earthed threads of the thread sheet or touches the adhesive jacket of the thread, is attracted to the thread and overcomes the influence of the field lines. The deviation of the flock flight direction is small. It can be up to 30 °. The speed and mass of the flock allow this for a short time. As a result, a large number of flock portions shoot diagonally into the adhesive jacket in an electrical field between uneven potential surfaces of the electrodes. These flock portions are sufficient to flock the thread tightly and evenly without twisting. The flock is anchored radially as well as at angled angles to the thread in the adhesive jacket. As a result, it has a greater flock density.
  • the electric field can be generated between arcs, in particular circular arcs, sinusoids or other undulations, or between stepped potential surfaces of the electrodes.
  • the upper and lower electrodes can also be divided into several individual electrodes.
  • an electric field of different field strengths can be generated to increase the flocking density. This effect is used so that the thread of the thread sheet is flocked so densely on the way through the electric field that at the field exit point at the latest the flock that shoots back and forth no longer has any place on the surface of the adhesive.
  • the threads of the thread sheet can also be moved continuously or discontinuously. All-round flocking also takes place when the thread is at rest.
  • a field of any and different field strength can be generated.
  • a device is provided according to the preamble of claim 7, in which the potential surfaces of the electrodes are uneven in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, in particular are curved and symmetrical to the thread.
  • Preferred regular curvatures are characterized by a circular arc, in particular concave curvature, viewed from the thread, or obtained by wave-shaped formation of the potential surfaces.
  • An electrical field with field lines of different lengths can be generated between such electrodes, which is particularly advantageously suitable for tightly flocking thread or yarn of a family.
  • Further configurations are stepped electrodes which are subdivided into partial electrodes. Different high voltages can be applied.
  • the distances between the electrodes and the thread sheet can be changed. Furthermore, the electrodes can be inclined to one another in the thread running direction. These measures allow a basic setting and intensification in the flocking.
  • the flocking device 1 essentially consists of a flocking chamber 2. It comprises an upper and lower electrode 3, 4 and the part 5 ′ of an endless conveyor 5 located therebetween. From a creel 6 threads 12 are in a family of threads - cf. also Fig. 3 reference numerals 12 '- deducted. They are flocked in the flocking chamber 2 and held or moved in a straight line by a tensioning device 10. Tensioning means that the threads are held so that they do not sag. Depending on the thread shrinkage, the corresponding change in length is also taken into account. The flocked threads are dried in a drying device 9 and wound up with the aid of a winding machine 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of the uneven potential surface 13 or 14 of the upper and lower electrodes 3, 4 in the form of a curvature. These surfaces are hollow-curved and arranged symmetrically to the thread 12. The distances of the potential surfaces 13, 14 from the thread can be changed; however, they are always the same size for thread. An electric field of high voltage is generated between these potential surfaces, the field lines of which are of different lengths. Flocked threads 12 are shown schematically.
  • the upper electrode 3 is e.g. B. to a high voltage of + 55 KV and the lower electrode z. B. connected to a high voltage of - 45 KV.
  • the flock transported into the flock chamber by the conveyor 5, 5 'shoots back and forth between the potential surfaces due to the effect of the electric field.
  • the grounded thread 12 is surrounded by an adhesive jacket (not shown) and has an electrically neutral field in this area. Portions of the flock shooting back and forth penetrate essentially radially into the adhesive jacket. Further portions of the flock are removed from the influence of the field lines in the area of the neutral zone and also shoot into the adhesive jacket at a small oblique angle, which can be up to 30 °.
  • the two thread flanks not facing the potential surfaces also fill with partly radial, partly inclined flocking parts until the thread is completely flocked.
  • FIG. 3 A preferred embodiment of the potential surfaces is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electrode surfaces 15, 16 are of uniform wavy design; etc. in the plane x, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the thread.
  • the group of threads of the threads 12 is designated 12 '.
  • the threads are preferably located in the middle between the symmetrical wave troughs.
  • the valleys and bellies of the electrode surface extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the thread. However, these valleys and bellies can also extend in an oblique to diagonal course of the recesses 17 to the longitudinal axis of the thread. This is shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes 20, 21 which have potential surfaces which are spatially formed both transversely to and in the longitudinal direction y of the thread.
  • This can e.g. B. dome-shaped or truncated pyramid-like recesses. Any type of "volumetric" recess is possible with symmetrical valleys and islands.
  • FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes 22 which are arranged inclined to one another in the longitudinal direction y of the thread.
  • the distance E on the inlet side is preferably greater than that on the outlet side A.
  • the flocking is more intensive in the area of the smaller electrode distance compared to the larger electrode distance.
  • Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of stepped electrodes 19. These are as partial electrodes intended. Each pair of electrodes can take a certain, arbitrary distance to the thread sheet. Furthermore, each electrode can be connected to a specific, selectable high voltage.
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view of some of many possible spatial surface configurations of the electrodes 20, 21 which are suitable for generating an electric field between uneven potential surfaces with different field line lengths in order to flock threads which are not twisted on their way through the field .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus for electrostatically flocking a thread-like or yarn-like material. This material rectilinearly and continuously or intermittently is moved through an electrical field which is generated between electrodes having non-planar yet symmetrical potential surfaces. This electrical field preferably is generated between curved potential surfaces of the electrodes. The flock is shot into the adhesive coating of a given thread not only radially but also at an angle. The thread does not have to be turned. As a result, a dense and improved flocking is achieved all around the yarn or thread in a simple and economical manner.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines elektrostatischen Feldes hoher Spannung zum elektrostatischen Beflocken eines faden- oder garnförmigen Materials, das in einer Schar von mit einem Klebemittel versehenen, geerdeten Fäden durch ein zwischen den Potentialebenen von Elektroden wirksames elektrostatisches Feld hoher Spannung hindurchbewegt wird. Unter der Wirkung dieses Feldes wird das auf einem elektrisch nicht leitenden, oberhalb der unten angeordneten Elektrode und unterhalb der Fäden der Fadenschar angeordneten Fördermittel herangeführte Flockmaterial in Richtung auf die Fäden der Fadenschar hin beschleunigt und in den Klebemittelmantel der Fäden eingeschossen.The invention relates to a method for generating an electrostatic field of high voltage for the electrostatic flocking of a thread-like or yarn-shaped material which is moved in a host of adhesive-provided, grounded threads through a high-voltage electrostatic field which acts between the potential levels of electrodes . Under the effect of this field, the flocked material, which is brought up on an electrically non-conductive conveying means arranged above the bottom electrode and below the threads of the thread sheet, is accelerated in the direction of the threads of the thread sheet and shot into the adhesive jacket of the threads.

Die Vorrichtung bezieht sich auf eine aus unterer und oberer Elektrode gebildeten Beflockungskammer, von denen jede Elektrode eine elektrostatisch wirksame Potentialoberfläche aufweist und an elektrischer Hochspannung anschließbar ist. Zwischen den Elektroden ist ein durchlaufendes, das Flockmaterial heranführende Fördermittel angeordnet. Der Beflockungskammer vorgeordnet ist eine Klebemittelauftragvorrichtung für die von einem Spulengatter abziehbare Fadenschar. Der Beflockungskammer nachgeordnet ist eine Trockenkammer für die beflockten Fäden der Fadenschar. Die Fäden werden durch eine Spannvorrichtung gerade gehalten und durch eine Aufspulvorrichtung aufgewickelt.The device relates to a flocking chamber formed from the lower and upper electrodes, each of which has an electrostatically effective potential surface and can be connected to high electrical voltage. A continuous conveying means, which brings the flock material, is arranged between the electrodes. The flocking chamber is preceded by an adhesive application device for the thread sheet that can be pulled off a creel. Downstream of the flocking chamber is a drying chamber for the flocked threads of the thread sheet. The threads are kept straight by a tensioning device and wound up by a winding device.

Bei der herkömmlichen Herstellung elektrostatisch beflockter Fäden oder Garne, siehe z. B. GB-PS-1 148 700, die als Fadenschar durch ein elektrisches Feld bewegt wird, sind rundum beflockte Fäden oder Garne nicht zu erhalten. Sie weisen einen bändchenförmigen Charakter auf, weil im wesentlichen nur die den ebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden zugewandten Fadenoberflächen beflockt sind.In the conventional production of electrostatically flocked threads or yarns, see e.g. B. GB-PS-1 148 700, which is moved as a family of threads through an electric field, all around flocked threads or yarns are not available. They have a ribbon-like character because essentially only the thread surfaces facing the flat potential surfaces of the electrodes are flocked.

Rundum beflockte Garne und Fäden sind hingegen zu erhalten, wenn nach dem Herstellungsverfahren der DE-PS-1 635 235 die Fäden auf ihrem Weg durch das elektrische Feld um ihre Längsachse gedreht werden. Diese bekannte Verfahrensweise ist in Bezug auf die kontinuierliche Fadendrehung nachteilig. Die Flockdichte des erhaltenen Fadens ist überdies weiter verbesserungsfähig.All-round flocked yarns and threads can be obtained if, according to the manufacturing process of DE-PS-1 635 235, the threads are rotated about their longitudinal axis on their way through the electric field. This known procedure is disadvantageous with regard to the continuous twist. The flock density of the thread obtained can also be further improved.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Beflocken zu schaffen, nach dem beliebige Garne und Fäden rundum dicht und optimal beflockt werden können, ohne daß die Garne oder Fäden gedreht werden müssen. Die Mängel der bekannten Verfahren sollen dabei vermieden werden.The aim of the invention is to provide a method for electrostatic flocking, according to which any yarn and thread can be flocked tightly and optimally without the yarn or thread having to be rotated. The shortcomings of the known methods are to be avoided.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß ein elektrisches Feld zwischen nicht ebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden in der Wirkungsrichtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung erzeugt wird und daß diese Potentialoberflächen symetrisch zu jedem Faden der Fadenschar wirksam sind und daß die Fäden geradlinig in Fadenlängsrichtung durch das elektrische Feld bewegt werden.According to the invention, this is achieved in that an electric field is generated between non-planar potential surfaces of the electrodes in the direction of action transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, and that these potential surfaces are effective symmetrically to each thread of the family of threads and that the threads are moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the thread by the electrical field.

Auf Grund eines solchen, zwischen den nicht ebenen Elektrodenpotentialoberflächen erzeugten elektrostatischen Feldes werden die Fäden der Fadenschar mit Flockmaterial rundum dicht beflockt, ohne daß dabei der Faden oder die Elektrode gedreht werden müssen.Due to such an electrostatic field generated between the non-planar electrode potential surfaces, the threads of the thread family are flocked tightly with flock material all around, without the thread or the electrode having to be rotated.

Auf sehr einfache Weise wird das elektrische Feld zwischen zum Faden hohlgekrümmten Potentialoberflächen erzeugt.The electric field is generated in a very simple manner between potential surfaces that are curved to the thread.

In einem elektrostatischen Feld wird der Flock stets im rechten Winkel bezogen auf die Potentialoberfläche von der Elektrode abgeschossen und beschleunigt. Bei nicht ebenen Potentialoberflächen folgt der Flock kürzeren und längeren Feldlinien. Flock, der dabei in den Bereich der geerdeten Fäden der Fadenschar gerät oder den Klebermantel des Fadens berührt, wird vom Faden angezogen und überwindet den Feldlinieneinfluß. Die Abweichung der Flockflugrichtung ist gering. Sie kann bis zu 30° betragen. Geschwindigkeit und Masse des Flock lassen dies kurzzeitig zu. Dadurch schiessen in einem elektrischen Feld zwischen unebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden sehr viele Flockanteile schräg in den Klebermantel hinein. Diese Flockanteile reichen aus, um den Faden ohne Eigendrehung dicht und gleichmäßig zu beflocken. Der Flock ist radial wie auch unter Schrägwinkeln zum Faden in Klebermantel verankert. Er weist dadurch eine größere Flockdichte auf.In an electrostatic field, the flock is always fired from the electrode at a right angle to the potential surface and accelerated. If the potential surfaces are not flat, the flock follows shorter and longer field lines. Flock, which gets into the area of the earthed threads of the thread sheet or touches the adhesive jacket of the thread, is attracted to the thread and overcomes the influence of the field lines. The deviation of the flock flight direction is small. It can be up to 30 °. The speed and mass of the flock allow this for a short time. As a result, a large number of flock portions shoot diagonally into the adhesive jacket in an electrical field between uneven potential surfaces of the electrodes. These flock portions are sufficient to flock the thread tightly and evenly without twisting. The flock is anchored radially as well as at angled angles to the thread in the adhesive jacket. As a result, it has a greater flock density.

Das elektrische Feld kann zwischen bogeninsbesondere kreisbogen- oder sinusförmigen oder anderen wellenförmigen oder zwischen gestuften Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden erzeugt werden. Die obere und untere Elektrode kann ferner in mehrere Einzelelektroden unterteilt vorliegen. Des weiteren kann zur Steigerung der Beflockungsdichte ein elektrisches Feld unterschiedlicher Feldstärken erzeugt werden. Diese Wirkung wird dazu benutzt, daß der Faden der Fadenschar auf dem Weg durch das elektrische Feld so dicht beflockt wird, daß spätestens an der Feldausgangsstelle der hin-und herschießende Flock keinen Platz mehr auf der Klebermantelfläche findet. Die Fäden der Fadenschar können des weiteren kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich bewegt werden. Die Rundumbeflockung erfolgt ebenfalls im Ruhezustand des Fadens. Auch hierbei kann ein Feld beliebiger und unterschiedlicher Feldstärke erzeugt werden.The electric field can be generated between arcs, in particular circular arcs, sinusoids or other undulations, or between stepped potential surfaces of the electrodes. The upper and lower electrodes can also be divided into several individual electrodes. Furthermore, an electric field of different field strengths can be generated to increase the flocking density. This effect is used so that the thread of the thread sheet is flocked so densely on the way through the electric field that at the field exit point at the latest the flock that shoots back and forth no longer has any place on the surface of the adhesive. The threads of the thread sheet can also be moved continuously or discontinuously. All-round flocking also takes place when the thread is at rest. Here, too, a field of any and different field strength can be generated.

Zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 7 vorgesehen, bei der die Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden in der Richtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung uneben ausgebildet, insbesondere gekrümmt und symmetrisch zum Faden vorliegen.To carry out the method according to the invention, a device is provided according to the preamble of claim 7, in which the potential surfaces of the electrodes are uneven in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, in particular are curved and symmetrical to the thread.

Bevorzugte regelmäßige Krümmungen werden durch eine kreisbogenförmige, insbesondere konkave Krümmung, vom Faden aus betrachtet, oder durch wellenförmige Ausbildung der Potentialoberflächen erhalten. Zwischen solchen Elektroden kann ein elektrisches Feld mit unterschiedlich langen Feldlinien erzeugt werden, das besonders vorteilhaft geeignet ist, Faden oder Garn einer Schar rundum dicht zu beflocken. Weitere Ausgestaltungen sind gestufte und in Teilelektroden unterteilte Elektroden. Es können unterschiedliche Hochspannungen angelegt werden.Preferred regular curvatures are characterized by a circular arc, in particular concave curvature, viewed from the thread, or obtained by wave-shaped formation of the potential surfaces. An electrical field with field lines of different lengths can be generated between such electrodes, which is particularly advantageously suitable for tightly flocking thread or yarn of a family. Further configurations are stepped electrodes which are subdivided into partial electrodes. Different high voltages can be applied.

Des weiteren können die Abstände der Elektroden zu der Fadenschar geändert werden. Ferner können die Elektroden in Fadenlaufrichtung zueinander geneigt vorliegen. Durch diese Maßnahmen kann eine Grundeinstellung und Intensivierung in der Beflockung erfolgen.Furthermore, the distances between the electrodes and the thread sheet can be changed. Furthermore, the electrodes can be inclined to one another in the thread running direction. These measures allow a basic setting and intensification in the flocking.

Die Merkmale der Erfindung sind anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert.The features of the invention are explained using exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Fadenbeflockungsanlage in schematischer Darstellung
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie Q - Q in Fig. 1 durch Elektroden mit gekrümmter Oberfläche,
  • Fig. 3 eine Anordnung von Elektroden im Querschnitt in abgewandelter Ausführung mit Wellenoberfläche,
  • Fig. 4 eine schematische Aufsicht auf eine abgewandelte Ausbildung der Elektroden,
  • Fig. 5 eine Anordnung von Elektroden mit räumlichen Ausnehmungen der Oberfläche in und quer zur Fadenlaufrichtung,
  • Fig. 6 eine in Fadenlaufrichtung geneigte Anordnung von Elektroden,
  • Fig. 7 eine in Fadenlaufrichtung gestufte Anordnung von mehreren Elektroden,
  • Fig. 8 eine Aufsicht auf Teile verschiedener Potentialoberflächen einer Elektrode mit räumlichen Ausnehmungen.
It shows:
  • Fig. 1 shows a thread flocking system in a schematic representation
  • 2 shows a cross section along the line Q - Q in FIG. 1 through electrodes with a curved surface,
  • 3 shows an arrangement of electrodes in cross section in a modified version with a shaft surface,
  • 4 shows a schematic plan view of a modified design of the electrodes,
  • 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes with spatial recesses of the surface in and transverse to the thread running direction,
  • 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes inclined in the thread running direction,
  • 7 shows an arrangement of a plurality of electrodes which is stepped in the thread running direction,
  • 8 shows a plan view of parts of different potential surfaces of an electrode with spatial recesses.

Die Beflockungsvorrichtung 1 nach Fig. 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Beflockungskammer 2. Sie umfaßt eine obere und untere Elektrode 3,4 und den dazwischen liegenden Teil 5' eines Endlosförderers 5. Mit 7 ist der Flock und mit 8 ein Flockspeicher mit Dosierteil bezeichnet. Von einem Spulengatter 6 werden Fäden 12 in einer Fadenschar - vgl. dazu auch Fig. 3 Bezugszeichen 12' - abgezogen. Sie werden in der Beflockungskammer 2 beflockt und durch eine Spannvorrichtung 10 geradlinig gehalten oder bewegt. Spannen bedeutet, daß die Fäden so gehalten werden, daß sie nicht durchhängen. Je nach Fadenschrumpf ist die entsprechende Längenänderung dabei mitberücksichtigt. Die beflockten Fäden werden in einer Trockenvorrichtung 9 getrocknet und mit Hilfe einer Aufspulmaschine 11 aufgespult.The flocking device 1 according to FIG. 1 essentially consists of a flocking chamber 2. It comprises an upper and lower electrode 3, 4 and the part 5 ′ of an endless conveyor 5 located therebetween. From a creel 6 threads 12 are in a family of threads - cf. also Fig. 3 reference numerals 12 '- deducted. They are flocked in the flocking chamber 2 and held or moved in a straight line by a tensioning device 10. Tensioning means that the threads are held so that they do not sag. Depending on the thread shrinkage, the corresponding change in length is also taken into account. The flocked threads are dried in a drying device 9 and wound up with the aid of a winding machine 11.

In Fig. 2 ist der Prinzipaufbau der unebenen Potentialoberfläche 13 bzw. 14 der oberen und unteren Elektrode 3, 4 in Form einer Krümmung anschaulich erkennbar. Diese Oberflächen sind hohlgekrümmt ausgebildet und symmetrisch zum Faden 12 angeordnet. Die Abstände der Potentialoberflächen 13, 14 zum Faden können geändert werden; sie sind jedoch stets gleich groß zum Faden. Zwischen diesen Potentialoberflächen wird ein elektrisches Feld hoher Spannung erzeugt, dessen Feldlinien unterschiedlich lang sind. Schematisch dargestellt sind beflockte Fäden 12.2 shows the basic structure of the uneven potential surface 13 or 14 of the upper and lower electrodes 3, 4 in the form of a curvature. These surfaces are hollow-curved and arranged symmetrically to the thread 12. The distances of the potential surfaces 13, 14 from the thread can be changed; however, they are always the same size for thread. An electric field of high voltage is generated between these potential surfaces, the field lines of which are of different lengths. Flocked threads 12 are shown schematically.

Die obere Elektrode 3 ist z. B. an eine Hochspannung von + 55 KV und die untere Elektrode z. B. an eine Hochspannung von - 45 KV angeschlossen. Der durch den Förderer 5, 5' in die Flockkammer transportierte Flock schießt aufgrund der Wirkung des elektrischen Feldes zwischen den Potentialoberflächen hin und her. Der geerdete Faden 12 ist mit einem (nicht dargestellten) Klebermantel umgeben und weist in diesem Bereich ein elektrisch neutrales Feld auf. Anteile des hin- und herschießenden Flock dringen im wesentlichen radial in den Klebermantel ein. Weitere Anteile des Flock werden im Bereich der neutralen Zone dem Feldlinieneinfluß entzogen und schießen unter einem geringen Schrägwinkel, der bis zu 30° betragen kann, ebenfalls in den Klebermantel ein. Dabei füllen sich die beiden nicht den Potentialoberflächen zugewandten Fadenflanken ebenfalls mit teils radialen, teils schräg einschießenden Flockanteilen, bis der Faden rundum dicht mit Flock besetzt ist.The upper electrode 3 is e.g. B. to a high voltage of + 55 KV and the lower electrode z. B. connected to a high voltage of - 45 KV. The flock transported into the flock chamber by the conveyor 5, 5 'shoots back and forth between the potential surfaces due to the effect of the electric field. The grounded thread 12 is surrounded by an adhesive jacket (not shown) and has an electrically neutral field in this area. Portions of the flock shooting back and forth penetrate essentially radially into the adhesive jacket. Further portions of the flock are removed from the influence of the field lines in the area of the neutral zone and also shoot into the adhesive jacket at a small oblique angle, which can be up to 30 °. The two thread flanks not facing the potential surfaces also fill with partly radial, partly inclined flocking parts until the thread is completely flocked.

Eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der Potentialoberflächen zeigt Fig. 3. Die Elektrodenoberflächen 15, 16 sind gleichmäßig wellenförmig ausgebildet; u.z. in der Ebene x, die senkrecht zu der Fadenlängsachse vorliegt. Die Fadenschar der Fäden 12 ist mit 12' bezeichnet. Die Fäden befinden sich bevorzugt jeweils in der Mitte zwischen den symmetrischen Wellentälern. Die Täler und Bäuche der Elektrodenoberfläche erstrecken sich ihrer Länge nach im wesentlichen parallel zur Fadenlängsachse. Diese Täler und Bäuche können sich jedoch auch in einem schrägen bis diagonalen Verlauf der Ausnehmungen 17 zur Fadenlängsachse erstrecken. Dies ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt.A preferred embodiment of the potential surfaces is shown in FIG. 3. The electrode surfaces 15, 16 are of uniform wavy design; etc. in the plane x, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the thread. The group of threads of the threads 12 is designated 12 '. The threads are preferably located in the middle between the symmetrical wave troughs. The valleys and bellies of the electrode surface extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the thread. However, these valleys and bellies can also extend in an oblique to diagonal course of the recesses 17 to the longitudinal axis of the thread. This is shown in FIG. 4.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Anordnung von Elektroden 20, 21, die Potentialoberflächen aufweisen, die sowohl quer zur als auch in Fadenlängsrichtung y räumlich ausgebildet sind. Dies können z. B. kalottenförmige oder pyramidenstumpfartige Ausnehmungen sein. Es ist jede Art von "volumetrischer" Ausnehmung möglich, bei der symmetrische Täler und Inseln vorliegen.FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes 20, 21 which have potential surfaces which are spatially formed both transversely to and in the longitudinal direction y of the thread. This can e.g. B. dome-shaped or truncated pyramid-like recesses. Any type of "volumetric" recess is possible with symmetrical valleys and islands.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Anordnung von Elektroden 22, die in Fadenlängsrichtung y zueinander geneigt angeordnet sind. Bevorzugt ist der Abstand E an der Einlaufseite größer als an der Auslaufseite A gewählt. Die Beflockung ist im Bereich des geringeren Elektrodenabstandes intensiver im Vergleich zum größeren Elektrodenabstand.FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes 22 which are arranged inclined to one another in the longitudinal direction y of the thread. The distance E on the inlet side is preferably greater than that on the outlet side A. The flocking is more intensive in the area of the smaller electrode distance compared to the larger electrode distance.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Anordnung von gestuften Elektroden 19. Diese sind als Teilelektroden vorgesehen. Jedes Elektrodenpaar kann einen bestimmten, beliebig wählbaren Abstand zur Fadenschar einnehmen. Des weiteren kann jede Elektrode an eine bestimmte, wählbare Hochspannung angeschlossen werden.Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of stepped electrodes 19. These are as partial electrodes intended. Each pair of electrodes can take a certain, arbitrary distance to the thread sheet. Furthermore, each electrode can be connected to a specific, selectable high voltage.

Auf diese Weise ist eine individuell graduierte Beflockung möglich.In this way, individually graduated flocking is possible.

Fig. 8 zeigt in der Aufsicht einige von vielen möglichen räumlichen Oberflächenausbildungen der Elektrode 20, 21 , die geeignet sind, ein elektrisches Feld zwischen unebenen Potentialoberflächen mit unterschiedlicher Feldlinienlänge zu erzeugen, um Fäden zu beflocken, die auf ihrem Weg durch das Feld nicht gedreht werden.8 shows a top view of some of many possible spatial surface configurations of the electrodes 20, 21 which are suitable for generating an electric field between uneven potential surfaces with different field line lengths in order to flock threads which are not twisted on their way through the field .

Claims (18)

1. A method for producing an electrostatic field for electrostatically flocking a filamentary or yarn-like material which is conducted, in a group of earthed filaments (12) provided with an adhesive, through an electrical field of high voltage which is active between the potential planes (13, 14) of electrodes (3, 4), and the flock material (7), which is conducted along an electrically non-conductive conveying means (5) disposed above the lower electrode and below the filaments, is accelerated towards the filaments because of the effect of said electrical field and is injected into said filaments, characterised in that an electrical field is produced between uneven, symmetrical potential surfaces (15, 16) of the electrodes in the direction of force transversely to the longitudinal direction of the filaments, and in that the filaments (12) are moved through the electrical field in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the filaments and are thereby flocked all around.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the electrical field is produced between curved potential surfaces of the electrodes.
3. A method as claimed in claims 1 and 2, in which the electrical field is produced between sinusoidal potential surfaces of the electrodes, and the filaments of the group of filaments are passed between the respective sinusoidal valleys of the electrodes.
4. A method as claimed in claims 1 to 3, in which the electrical field is produced between circular potential surfaces in a direction which is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the filements, and the filaments of the group of filaments are mainly moved in the respective centre of the radius of curvature.
5. A method as claimed in claims 1 to 4, in which an electrical field of different field strengths is produced.
6. A method as claimed in claims 1 to 5, in which the filaments are moved continuously or discontinuously.
7. A device for carrying out the method as claimed in claims 1 to 6, comprising a flocking chamber having a lower electrode and an upper electrode which are connectable to a source of high voltage and have potential surfaces, a conveyor which passes therebetween and conducts the flock material, an adhesive applying device disposed upstream of the flocking chamber for the group of filaments capable of being unwound from a spool, a drying chamber disposed downstream of the flocking chamber, a filament tensioning device and a winding device for the flocked filaments of the group of filaments, characterised in that the potential surfaces (13, 14) of the electrodes (3, 4) are uneven in a transverse direction relative to the longitudinal direction (y) of the filament, but in particular such surfaces are curved, and are symmetrical relative to the filament (12).
8. A device as claimed in claim 7, in which the potential surfaces (13, 14) are concavely curved transversely to the longitudinal direction (y) of the filament, and the filaments (12) of the group of filaments (12') are located centrally between the concave potential surfaces.
9. A device as claimed in claims 7 and 8, in which the potential surfaces (15, 16) are undulatory in direction (x) in symmetry with the plane (y).
10. A device as claimed in claim 7, in which the potential surfaces (19) are stepped in direction (x) in symmetry with the plane (y).
11. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 10, in which the uneven potential surfaces (17, 18) are inclined relative to the longitudinal direction (y) of the filament of the group of filaments.
12. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 11, in which the potential surfaces (20, 21) are spatially extended in respect of their longitudinal and transverse directions (x, y), valleys and islands being formed thereby.
13. A device as claimed in claim 12, in which the spatial extension is spherical or in the form of a truncated pyramid or truncated cone.
14. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 13, in which the electrodes (3, 4) are adjustable in respect of their spacing from the filaments (12) of the group of filaments (12') and, in particular, they are steplessly adjustable.
15. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 14, in which the electrodes (22) are inclined relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (y) of the filaments, whereby, in particular, the spacing (E) at the inlet end of the group of filaments is larger than the spacing (A) at the outlet end.
16. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 15, in which the electrodes (19) are stepped in the longitudinal direction (y) of the filaments.
17. A device as claimed in claims 7 to 16, in which the electrodes (3, 4) are divided into a plurality of partial electrodes (19) in respect of the longitudinal and/or transverse directions (x, Y).
18. A flock filament or yarn, comprising a filament or yarn with a surrounding adhesive covering which secures flock which has been electrostatically injected substantially radially all around, characterised in that flock is additionally inserted inclinedly into the adhesive covering in a direction deviating from the radial and is densely distributed in a randomly regular manner haphazardly with the radial flock.
EP84114967A 1984-06-26 1984-12-08 Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration Expired EP0166816B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84114967T ATE42975T1 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-12-08 METHOD FOR GENERATION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD FOR ELECTROSTATIC FLOCKING OF A THREAD OR YARN-FORM MATERIAL AND THEN PRODUCED FLOCK THREAD OR. FLOCK YARN PRODUCED AFTERWARDS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3423462 1984-06-26
DE19843423462 DE3423462A1 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-06-26 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ELECTROSTATICLY FLOCKING A THREAD OR YARN-SHAPED MATERIAL

Publications (3)

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EP0166816A2 EP0166816A2 (en) 1986-01-08
EP0166816A3 EP0166816A3 (en) 1987-10-21
EP0166816B1 true EP0166816B1 (en) 1989-05-10

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EP84114967A Expired EP0166816B1 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-12-08 Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration

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EP (1) EP0166816B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6115757A (en)
KR (1) KR890000238B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE42975T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8500516A (en)
CA (1) CA1236347A (en)
DD (1) DD229048A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3423462A1 (en)
DK (1) DK168224B1 (en)
EG (1) EG16905A (en)
ES (2) ES8607063A1 (en)
FI (1) FI74632C (en)
IE (1) IE56040B1 (en)
IN (1) IN162804B (en)
LU (1) LU85530A1 (en)
MX (1) MX157786A (en)
NO (1) NO160149C (en)
SU (1) SU1410862A3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA85301B (en)

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US5020040A (en) * 1987-06-24 1991-05-28 Digital Equipment Corporation Overwriting system for magneto-optical recording with self timing track
US20010003600A1 (en) 1998-07-10 2001-06-14 Gordon G. Guay Method of manufacturing a textured toothbrush bristle
KR20030046767A (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-18 심우진 Method for manufacturing flocking yarns and apparatus for manufacturing the flocking yarns
EP2101930A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2009-09-23 Hans-Joachim Stieber Manufacturing system for a net-type or grid-type planar product
EP2225966A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-08 Braun GmbH Toothbrush bristle and method for manufacturing such a bristle
KR20200062831A (en) * 2018-11-27 2020-06-04 삼성전자주식회사 Chemical Liquid Supply Apparatus and Semiconductor Processing Apparatus Having the Same
CN114833043B (en) * 2022-04-24 2023-09-19 浙江大学 Preparation method of high-density high-orientation carbon fiber short fiber array and heat conducting pad

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DE1080512B (en) * 1954-05-11 1960-04-28 Saladin & Co Method and device for producing plush, velvet, velor, artificial suede, emery cloth, sandpaper or the like by electrostatically driving in small particles
GB879143A (en) * 1959-12-11 1961-10-04 Eloflock Oberflaechenveredlung Improvements in or relating to the electro-static coating of filaments
DE1288489B (en) * 1963-03-21 1969-01-30 Bayer Ag Process for the electrostatic application of elongated particles to moving structures
DE1282521B (en) * 1963-04-24 1968-11-07 Bayer Ag Device for applying small particles, e.g. B. flakes, in the electric field
DE1577944C2 (en) * 1966-12-31 1982-06-16 Kühn, Vierhaus & Cie AG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Device for the electrostatic flocking of textile threads
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US3591403A (en) * 1968-12-05 1971-07-06 Bigelow Sanford Inc Electrostatic flocking
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ES438938A1 (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-08-16 Flokart S A Flocked yarns - produced by passing adhesive coated yarns over bed of flocked particles overlaying positive electrode the yarns forming negative one
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US4312293A (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-01-26 Salomon Hakim Flocking apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO160149B (en) 1988-12-05
DK168224B1 (en) 1994-02-28
NO160149C (en) 1989-03-15
ZA85301B (en) 1985-08-28
DD229048A5 (en) 1985-10-30
FI850525A0 (en) 1985-02-08
DK72585A (en) 1985-12-27
FI850525L (en) 1985-12-27
DE3423462C2 (en) 1987-01-29
LU85530A1 (en) 1986-04-03
ES540749A0 (en) 1986-06-16
JPH0419907B2 (en) 1992-03-31
BR8500516A (en) 1986-04-15
FI74632B (en) 1987-11-30
JPS6115757A (en) 1986-01-23
EP0166816A3 (en) 1987-10-21
CA1236347A (en) 1988-05-10
FI74632C (en) 1988-03-10
KR890000238B1 (en) 1989-03-11
IE850234L (en) 1985-12-26
CA1254081C (en) 1989-05-16
KR860000437A (en) 1986-01-28
ATE42975T1 (en) 1989-05-15
ES540764A0 (en) 1986-06-16
DK72585D0 (en) 1985-02-15
EG16905A (en) 1991-06-30
IE56040B1 (en) 1991-03-27
EP0166816A2 (en) 1986-01-08
MX157786A (en) 1988-12-09
ES8607063A1 (en) 1986-06-16
DE3423462A1 (en) 1986-01-02
US4671980A (en) 1987-06-09
SU1410862A3 (en) 1988-07-15
NO850202L (en) 1985-12-27
ES8607062A1 (en) 1986-06-16
US4622235A (en) 1986-11-11
IN162804B (en) 1988-07-09
DE3478127D1 (en) 1989-06-15

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