EP0163619B1 - Dispositif d'extrusion - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163619B1
EP0163619B1 EP85850119A EP85850119A EP0163619B1 EP 0163619 B1 EP0163619 B1 EP 0163619B1 EP 85850119 A EP85850119 A EP 85850119A EP 85850119 A EP85850119 A EP 85850119A EP 0163619 B1 EP0163619 B1 EP 0163619B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
annular wall
feeding
compression surfaces
perforated screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85850119A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0163619A2 (fr
EP0163619A3 (en
Inventor
Curt Henry Appelgren
Nemo Ivarsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nicasystem Te Moelndal Zweden AB
Original Assignee
NICASYSTEM AB
Lejus Medical AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NICASYSTEM AB, Lejus Medical AB filed Critical NICASYSTEM AB
Priority to AT85850119T priority Critical patent/ATE59335T1/de
Publication of EP0163619A2 publication Critical patent/EP0163619A2/fr
Publication of EP0163619A3 publication Critical patent/EP0163619A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0163619B1 publication Critical patent/EP0163619B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/23—Hay wafering or pelletizing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for extruding plastic or pulverulent materials to obtain an extrudate in rod-shaped form.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain a possibility to extrude plastic or pulverulent materials prepared for the purpose (semimoist) (15-45 % by weight of water) to the formation of an extrudate without using any substantial compressing or pressure forces in the materials which forces increase the temperature while extruding.
  • the extrudate obtained can be used as such, or be further treated.
  • CH-A-347,647 relates to an apparatus for granulation of plastic material, wherein the feeding of the material to be granulated takes place axially along a perforated wall.
  • the apparatus is intended for use with discrete polymer resin pieces.
  • plastic materials or pulverulent materials having been prepared for the purpose which are fed into the rotor, will be compressed during a very short period of time at the very utmost ends of compression surfaces towards the perforated screen, only, and be pressed through the perforated screen by means of the stopping up effect.
  • the compression forces on the perforated screen will thereby be located along the lines where the compression surfaces touch the perforated screen.
  • the force on the perforated screen is thus, totally, only a fraction of what is obtained at known apparatuses and methods.
  • An increase of the temperature of 0 to 1°C has thereby been able to be determined compared with 30 to 40°C, which is common in a conventional extrusion apparatus.
  • the feeding means 4 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 to 2 is particularly designed for feeding a material having difficulties in flowing, whereby it comprises a scraper 4a, which is arranged for scraping off material (goods) from the lower part of the funnel 2, and an upper feeder 4b and a lower feeder 4c.
  • the upper feeder 4b is in the form of a somewhat backwardly sweeping, forwardly angled double-blade, while the lower feeder 4c is in the form of a partly backwardly sweeping, vertically arranged double-blade.
  • the term forwardly angled used above means that the blade 4b is arranged with an angle to the vertical plane.
  • the extrusion chamber 7 being cylindrically, annularly designed is provided with through-going apertures 9 along its whole jacket surface 8, which apertures 9 have a diameter and thickness of 1 mm, in the present example, to the formation of a perforated screen.
  • the perforated screen 8 is made of an acid proof material (steel) for maximal anti-corrosion life and hygienic standard. Another suitable material is aluminium bronze.
  • a rotor 10 in the form of a substantially plane disc is rotably arranged in the extrusion chamber 7 .
  • the rotor 10 is connected to the outgoing shaft 12 of a second motor 11, to rotate with a speed of 40 to 60 rpm.
  • the rotor 10 comprises as mentioned a circular, solid, substantially flat disc 13 having the same diameter as the extrusion chamber 7.
  • On this disc 13 four rotor blades 14 are arranged with a division of 90° between each.
  • the number of rotor blades 14 can be varied and can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 8. However, four rotor blades are preferred.
  • the disc 13 is in outer part, on which the blades 14 are arranged, outwardly sloping so that material coming in into the centre falls outwardly.
  • the feeding means 4 and the rotor 10 are arranged for rotation directions opposite to each other. The rotation directions have been indicated with arrows in the figures.
  • the feeder 4b will hereby bring away material from the upper edges of the blades 14, while the lower feeder 4c will bring away material from the disc 13 and outwardly, and sweep off the rotor blades 14 on their inner vertical edges.
  • the rotor blades 14 are arranged to close fitting to the perforated screen 8, i.e., with a minimum gap between the blades 14, and the perforated screen 8 (50-100 pm).
  • the rotor blades 14 form an acute angle to the point of the tangent of the blade to the perforated screen 8. This angle is about 75°, but can also be larger or smaller depending on the compression wanted. 20 to 80° is, however, a preferred value for this angle, 30 to 60° being a more preferred value.
  • FIGS. 3 to 4 there is shown an embodiment, wherein the feeding means 4 comprises a feeding screw 4d, which by means of the rotation of the shaft 5 will raise the material, which then fails down towards a lower feeder 4b, which comprises four, partly backwardly sweeping blades.
  • Feeding means 4 are particularly designed for easily flowing pulverulent material that shall be formed into an extrudate.
  • the rotor 10 with its rotor blades 14 is in other respects the same as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 2.
  • the driving shafts 5, and 12 are, as in FIGS 1 to 2, rotating in opposite directions to each other, so that the material which is fed through the feeding means 4, is not pressed down into the extrusion chamber.
  • FIGS. 5 to 6 there is shown an embodiment for batch-wise production of an extrudate, whereby a cylindrical container 22 is arranged to receive a certain, given amount of a material.
  • a feeding means 4 is axially, displaceably arranged by means of a hydraulic, or pneumatic, alternatively, actuated pressure cylinder 21.
  • the feeding means 4 comprises a conical feeder 4e, which tightly fits to the container 22.
  • Below the container 22 an extrusion chamber 7 is arranged, which comprises an annular perforated screen 8, and a conical rotor 23 arranged rotably therein.
  • the conicity of the rotor 23 corresponds to the conicity of the feeder 4e so that the feeder 4e in its lowest point will be placed close to the rotor 23.
  • Four rotor blades 24 are arranged to the rotor 23.
  • the rotor 23 is driven via a shaft 12 connected to a motor, not shown.
  • FIGS. 7 to 8 there is shown two alternative embodiments of the perforated screen 8, and thereby the rotor blades 14.
  • the perforated screens 8 are conically designed; in FIG. 7 with its smaller diameter turned upwardly; and in FIG. 8 with its smaller diameter turned downwardly.
  • the rotor blades 14 are hereby fitted to the different angles of the perforated screens 8 to the vertical plane.
  • the apparatus of the present invention works in the following manner: Semimoist pulverulent material having a moisture contents of 15 to 45% by weight, and the consistency of wet snow is fed through the hopper 2 into the feeding means 4. The material is then brought down into the extrusion chamber 7 using an axially/radially movement in one rotational direction, and when it has come into the extrusion chamber 7 the rotational direction is changed. As well as the material is pressed outwardly in a radial, horizontal direction by means of the rotor blades 14 towards the perforated screen 8.
  • the material will be pressed into the corner between the rotor blade and the perforated screen, and there becomes compressed, and pressed out through the apertures of the perforated screen to the formation of rods having a diameter, in the present example, of 1 mm, and a length of 15 to 20 mm.
  • a pharmaceutically active composition being extruded it is then transferred into a spheronizing apparatus, wherein the extrudate is brought apart and reshaped into spherical particles.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 works continuously, while it works batch-wise in the embodiment of FIGS. 5 to 6.
  • the feeding means feed materials to the rotor blades (compression wings) under completely controllable conditions, while the material is pressed out through the perforated screen.
  • the rotor blades will function as compression surfaces in the moment of extrusion.
  • the apparatus is vertically arranged in order to provide for an even distribution of the material over the feeding means.
  • the feeding means are, as evident from above, so constructed that the material becomes distributed as close as possible to the rotor blades 14, particularly the compression surfaces of the rotor blades in order to thereby provide as small and short effects as possible onto the material.
  • the feeding means are, as given above, rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotor blades.
  • the rotational speed of the feeding means can thereby be varied, and adapted to the material, which, for the moment being, is to be extruded.
  • the feeding effect of the apparatus for batch-wise extrusion is regulated by means of the pressure upon the pressure cylinder.
  • the material is fed both radially and axially outwardly and downwardly by the two feeders 4a and 4b, between the rotor blades 10.
  • a material growth on the rotor blades 10 is prevented by changing feeding forces axially/radially.
  • this embodiment is preferred using materials with adhesive and/or hardly flowing characteristics.
  • the material is, all the time, raised upwardly in the centre by the screw blade in order to be loosen up, whereupon it is fed radially outwardly by feeder 4c.
  • This embodiment is preferred using easily flowing, non-adhesive materials.
  • the feeding means is in the form of a pressure and speed controllable cylinder feeding system in order to readily extrude small, determined quantities of materials, e.g., for laboratory purposes.
  • the rotor blades 14 are attached onto the conical centre in order to allow the material to be fed more easily towardsthe periphery, i.e.,to obtain both a radially and an axiallyfeeding.
  • the feeding cylinder is also adapted to fit with the rotor in order to leave as little as possible of residual material left in the apparatus.
  • the rotor has a certain conical shape. This has been done for practical reasons to allowthe rotor blades to end in an edge close to the perforated screen 8, and thereby to expose the largest possible perforated screen area to the rotor blades.
  • the plane compression surfaces are rotated in an area of the feeding area comprising an annular area having the width of 0.5 to 0.05 of the radius of the perforated screen 8.
  • the compression surfaces covers preferably a width of 0.5 to 0.2 of the radius of the perforated screen.
  • the angle of the compression surfaces shall be 20 to 80°, preferably 30 to 60°. Further radial, as well as axial feeding shall be carried out.
  • the peripheral speed of the compression surfaces shall be 0 to 1 m/s, preferably 0.3 to 0.8 m/s, and more preferably 0.4 to 0.6 m/s.
  • a further essential structure is that the upperfeeder4b shall extend overthe compression surfaces 14, if such a feeder is used. Further, the feeders 4b and 4c shall rotate in a direction opposite that of the compression surfaces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Dispositif pour l'extrusion d'une matière plastique ou pulvérulente en vue d'obtenir un produit d'extrusion en forme de baguette, ce dispositif comprenant:
(a) une paroi annulaire (8) présentant desperfo- rations (9);
(b) un rotor (10, 24) qui est monté à rotation à l'intérieur de la paroi annulaire (8) susdite, et
(c) plusieurs surfaces de comnpression planes (14), se terminant à proximité étroite de la paroi annulaire (8) et formant une zone annulaire ayant une largeur qui est de 0,05 à 0,5 fois le diammètre de la paroi annulaire(8), ces surfaces de compression (14) étant en outre agencées pour former un angle aigu avec une tangente de la paroi annulaire (8) dans le sens de rotation, dans tous les points de la paroi annulaire (8);
(d) des moyens (4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) pour alimenter la matière axialement ou radialement vers et le long des surfaces susdites de compression (14), de sorte que l'alimentation soit au moins partiellement menée au-dessus de la zone annulaire susdite;
(e) le rotor sudit (10, 23) étant formé par un cône tronqué, en forme de plateau, comportant plusieurs lames planes (14, 24) montées latéralement sur les surfaces coniques de ce rotor, et plusieurs lames (4b, 4c) à rotation en sens contraire, montées pour tourner au-dessus des lames planes susdites.
2. Appareil suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (23) est conformé de façon conique et en ce que les moyens (4e) pour l'alimentation de la matière sont conformés de façon conique et correspondent à la forme du rotor (23).
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture d'alimentation est prévue en direction du rotor (10, 23) et en ce que cette ouverture est pourvue d'un dispositif d'alimentation rotatif (4b, 4c, 4e).
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le rotor (10, 23) et les dispositifs d'alimentation (4b, 4c, 4e) sont montés à rotation de manière à tourner dans des sens opposés.
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle aigu est de 20 à 80°.
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'angle aigu est de 30 à 60°.
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de surfaces de compression (14, 24) est de deux à huit.
8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi annulaire (8) est de forme cylindrique.
9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi annulaire (8) est de forme tronconique.
EP85850119A 1984-04-02 1985-04-02 Dispositif d'extrusion Expired - Lifetime EP0163619B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85850119T ATE59335T1 (de) 1984-04-02 1985-04-02 Extrudiervorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8401802A SE8401802L (sv) 1984-04-02 1984-04-02 Anordning for extrudering
SE8401802 1984-04-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163619A2 EP0163619A2 (fr) 1985-12-04
EP0163619A3 EP0163619A3 (en) 1988-02-10
EP0163619B1 true EP0163619B1 (fr) 1990-12-27

Family

ID=20355397

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85850119A Expired - Lifetime EP0163619B1 (fr) 1984-04-02 1985-04-02 Dispositif d'extrusion

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4770625A (fr)
EP (1) EP0163619B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61501692A (fr)
AT (1) ATE59335T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3581113D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK159912C (fr)
FI (1) FI86273C (fr)
NO (1) NO169220C (fr)
SE (1) SE8401802L (fr)
WO (1) WO1985004367A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE463450B (sv) * 1987-12-11 1990-11-26 Nemo Ivarson Anordning foer blandning, knaadning och extrudering av produkter framstaellda av vaetska och pulver
DE3842072C1 (fr) * 1988-12-14 1989-12-28 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg, 6660 Zweibruecken, De
DE4210351A1 (de) * 1992-03-30 1993-10-07 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zum Pelletieren von ultrahochmolekularem Polyethylen
DE4325514C1 (de) * 1993-07-29 1994-10-27 Schaaf Technologie Gmbh Kochextruder zur Herstellung von thermisch behandelten Biopolymeren sowie Verfahren zum Kochextrudieren von Biopolymeren
US5486102A (en) * 1994-05-02 1996-01-23 California Pellet Mill Company High intensity pellet machine
SE504907C2 (sv) * 1995-02-07 1997-05-26 Hermex Ab Anordning för framställning av strängformade kroppar av ett plastiskt material
GB2298609A (en) * 1995-02-28 1996-09-11 Collag Manufacturing Limited Apparatus for producing an extrudate
US6099288A (en) * 1997-03-20 2000-08-08 Mp6, L.L.C. Pellet forming extrusion apparatus
US7771632B2 (en) * 2006-05-15 2010-08-10 American Leistritz Extruder Corp. Continuous melt spheronization apparatus and process for the production of pharmaceutical pellets

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2144054A (en) * 1936-07-03 1939-01-17 Claude C Hall Feed forming machine
US2295743A (en) * 1937-09-25 1942-09-15 Edgar T Meakin Extruding apparatus
US2160302A (en) * 1938-04-25 1939-05-30 Popick Mfg Company A Compressed feed machine
FR849237A (fr) * 1938-07-19 1939-11-16 L M S Atel Const Presse pour aliments composés
DE807187C (de) * 1948-09-23 1951-06-25 Der Niederlaendische Staat Ver Maschine zur Anfertigung von Brennstoffbriketts
US2647474A (en) * 1949-09-30 1953-08-04 Popick Aaron Feed compressing machine
GB698702A (en) * 1951-04-03 1953-10-21 Thomas Dryden & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to extruding machines, e.g. for cattle food
FR1066328A (fr) * 1952-11-06 1954-06-03 Perfectionnements aux presses à agglomérer
GB844057A (en) * 1955-07-18 1960-08-10 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Apparatus for granulating plastic masses
CH347637A (de) * 1955-07-18 1960-07-15 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Granulieren von plastischen Massen
US3166026A (en) * 1962-05-22 1965-01-19 Sperry Rand Corp Harvesting apparatus
CH406851A (de) * 1963-12-17 1966-01-31 Buehler Ag Geb Presse mit feststehender Form und umlaufendem Presskörper DM 44
JPS4638131B1 (fr) * 1966-06-22 1971-11-10
CH454593A (de) * 1966-12-14 1968-04-15 Kunz Ag W Presse für landwirtschaftliche Futtermittel
AT294654B (de) * 1968-07-29 1971-11-25 Rieter Werke Haendle Siebrundbeschicker
FR1584085A (fr) * 1968-08-02 1969-12-12
DE2614730C2 (de) * 1976-04-06 1985-04-04 Pallmann KG Maschinenfabrik, 6660 Zweibrücken Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Agglomerieren von thermoplastischen Kunststoffabfällen, insbesondere von Kunststoff-Folien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO169220C (no) 1992-05-27
EP0163619A2 (fr) 1985-12-04
DK555385A (da) 1985-11-29
FI854746A0 (fi) 1985-11-29
WO1985004367A1 (fr) 1985-10-10
FI854746A (fi) 1985-11-29
FI86273B (fi) 1992-04-30
FI86273C (fi) 1992-08-10
NO854812L (no) 1985-11-29
US4770625A (en) 1988-09-13
ATE59335T1 (de) 1991-01-15
SE8401802L (sv) 1985-10-03
DK159912C (da) 1991-05-21
NO169220B (no) 1992-02-17
SE8401802D0 (sv) 1984-04-02
DE3581113D1 (de) 1991-02-07
DK555385D0 (da) 1985-11-29
EP0163619A3 (en) 1988-02-10
JPS61501692A (ja) 1986-08-14
DK159912B (da) 1990-12-31

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