EP0162012A1 - Device for stabilizing skis - Google Patents
Device for stabilizing skis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0162012A1 EP0162012A1 EP85810215A EP85810215A EP0162012A1 EP 0162012 A1 EP0162012 A1 EP 0162012A1 EP 85810215 A EP85810215 A EP 85810215A EP 85810215 A EP85810215 A EP 85810215A EP 0162012 A1 EP0162012 A1 EP 0162012A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ski
- profile
- lift
- tip
- stabilizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/06—Skis or snowboards with special devices thereon, e.g. steering devices
- A63C5/075—Vibration dampers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/04—Structure of the surface thereof
- A63C5/052—Structure of the surface thereof of the tips or rear ends
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for stabilizing a ski.
- a ski is subjected to various factors likely to modify its behavior by generating in particular instabilities which are the cause of the birth and the maintenance of vibrations. These vibrations make skiing more difficult by reducing the surface area of the ski in contact with the snow.
- DE-A-2,747,084 thus relates to such a system, in which a mass is oscillatingly mounted inside a housing by suspension springs or by an elastic material such as an elastomer or plastic foam.
- FR-A-2,383,680 relates to a vibration damper which has a mass resiliently held in its rest position and which is capable of moving transversely relative to the longitudinal direction of the ski.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solution which makes it possible to at least partially remedy the instability phenomena of aerodynamic nature, generated by the profile of the ski tip.
- the subject of this invention is a device for stabilizing a ski according to claim 1.
- the attached drawing illustrates, schematically and by way of example, two variants of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 is the diagram of the lift as a function of the angle of incidence.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the front end of a ski illustrating the first variant.
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the second variant.
- the variant of the device according to the invention, illustrated in FIG. 2 has a ski 1, the front end of which ends with a tip 2 which therefore constitutes the profile responsible for the phenomena of aerodynamic instability.
- this tip 2 the front end of which is cut along a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski, is associated a second profile constituted by a wing 3 chosen from the range of high lift profiles, or even lifters, which introduces a stabilizing aerodynamic element, intended to combat the unstable effects of the tip 2.
- the profile of the wing 2 is oriented so that the lift is directed downwards so that with the stabilizing effect, the device adds a bearing effect which, at speeds of the order of 100 km / h can be a few newtons, thus further increasing the contact of the ski on snow and therefore the control of the skier on his skis.
- This wing 3 ends at each end with a guard plate 4 intended to create an elongation effect of the wing and is attached to the ski by two supports 5.
- This embodiment has been essentially studied for experimental purposes. It allows the effects of instability due to the profile of the spatula 2 to be beaten, but not those generated by Karman vortices. In practical terms, this embodiment has drawbacks because the wing is spaced from the ski. In addition to the unpleasant aesthetic aspect of this embodiment, the attachment of the wing is made vulnerable and the space between the tip of the tip and the leading edge of the wing 3 can fill with snow. .
- a profiled face 6 is attached to the front edge of the tip 2 which extends along a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski.
- This profiled face 6 has the lower profile of a wing with high lift or even high lift, two side plates 7 forming a rim around the entire periphery of this face, create a transverse elongation effect on this profiled face 6 and also serve for the fixing of this face 6 with the spatula as well as laterally closing the space between this face 6 and the spatula 2.
- This free space could for example be used to house a vibration damper of the type described in EP-A2-0 102 653 which could thus add its effect to that of the profiled face 6.
- this variant has the advantage of avoiding Karman vortices behind the spatula 2, because the profiled face 6 is attached to this spatula.
- the second of the aerodynamic causes of instability is at least mitigated.
- the attachment of the profiled face 6 to the front of the spatula prevents snow from interfering with the device by blocking the space which would be left free between the front edge of this profiled face 6 and the front edge. of the spatula 2. Fixing this kind of fairing on the spatula is also easier and more reliable than the variant in FIG. 2.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif pour stabiliser un ski.The present invention relates to a device for stabilizing a ski.
Un ski est soumis à différents facteurs susceptibles de modifier son comportement en engendrant notamment des instabilités qui sont la cause de la naissance et de l'entretien de vibrations. Ces vibrations rendent la maîtrise du ski plus difficile en réduisant la surface du ski en contact avec la neige.A ski is subjected to various factors likely to modify its behavior by generating in particular instabilities which are the cause of the birth and the maintenance of vibrations. These vibrations make skiing more difficult by reducing the surface area of the ski in contact with the snow.
Plusieurs solutions ont déjà été proposées pour amortir ou étouffer ces vibrations. Ces solutions sont généralement basées sur l'adjonction d'un dispositif oscillant dont la fréquence est choisie pour amortir au moins certaines des fréquences du spectre d'oscillations d'un ski.Several solutions have already been proposed to dampen or stifle these vibrations. These solutions are generally based on the addition of an oscillating device whose frequency is chosen to dampen at least some of the frequencies of the oscillation spectrum of a ski.
C'est ainsi que le DE-A-2.747.084 se rapporte à un tel système, dans lequel une masse est montée oscillante à l'intérieur d'un boîtier par des ressorts de suspension ou par un matériau élastique tel qu'un élastomère ou une mousse de matière plastique.DE-A-2,747,084 thus relates to such a system, in which a mass is oscillatingly mounted inside a housing by suspension springs or by an elastic material such as an elastomer or plastic foam.
Une autre solution de ce type a été proposée dans le DE-A-2 820 649.Another solution of this type has been proposed in DE-A-2 820 649.
Le FR-A-2.383.680 se rapporte à un amortisseur de vibrations qui possède une masse maintenue élastiquement dans sa position de repos et qui est susceptible de se mouvoir transversalement par rapport au sens longitudinal du ski.FR-A-2,383,680 relates to a vibration damper which has a mass resiliently held in its rest position and which is capable of moving transversely relative to the longitudinal direction of the ski.
Ces diverses solutions présentent plusieurs inconvénients, en particulier le volume et la masse ajoutés au ski, qui engendrent des inconvénients qui peuvent être aussi gênants que les vibrations qu'elles sont appelées à amortir.These various solutions have several drawbacks, in particular the volume and mass added to the ski, which generate drawbacks which can be as troublesome as the vibrations which they are called upon to dampen.
Une solution exempte de ces inconvénients, susceptible d'être partiellement intégrée au ski a été proposée dans le EP-A2-0102653, et permet, en particulier, avec une masse et un encombrement faibles, d'avoir un effet moyen de réduction d'accélération d'au moins un facteur 2 dans la gamme de fréquences comprise entre 100 et 200 Hz environ.A solution free of these drawbacks, capable of being partially integrated into the ski, has been proposed in EP-A2-0102653, and makes it possible, in particular, with a small mass and size, to have an average effect of reducing acceleration of at least a factor of 2 in the frequency range between about 100 and 200 Hz.
L'étude des causes des phénoanènes d'instabilité du ski a conduit à examiner le comportement du ski et en, particulier de sa spatule du point de vue aérodynamique. On sait en effet qu'un profil dont la partance présente une composante dans le sens du mouvement est instable en présence d'un écoulement de fluide et que cette instabilité se traduit par la naissance et l'entretien de vibrations. C'est notamment un phénomène bien connu lorsque des lignes électriques recouvertes de givre ou de pluie givrante sont soumises à un vent même faible et régulier, leur profil qui n'est plus cylindrique prend l'allure d'un "mauvais profil" en s'allongeant verticalement, de sorte que sa portance grésente une composante dans le sens du mouvement. L'instabilité qui en résulte engendre des oscillations de grande amplitude qui peuvent conduire à des ruptures. D'autres phénomènes d'origine tourbillonnaires s'ajoutent sans doute à l'effet du profil et peuvent également provoquer des oscillations de grande amplitude lorsque la fréquence de la force excitatrice est égale à la fréquence propre du ski et cette amplitude est proportionnelle à la surface et au carré de la vitesse.The study of the causes of ski instability phenoanenes led to examining the behavior of the ski and in particular of its spa aerodynamically. It is known in fact that a profile whose departure has a component in the direction of movement is unstable in the presence of a flow of fluid and that this instability results in the birth and maintenance of vibrations. This is in particular a well-known phenomenon when power lines covered with frost or freezing rain are subjected to even a weak and regular wind, their profile which is no longer cylindrical takes on the appearance of a "bad profile" in s 'vertically lengthening, so that its lift grent a component in the direction of movement. The resulting instability generates large amplitude oscillations which can lead to breaks. Other phenomena of vortex origin undoubtedly add to the effect of the profile and can also cause oscillations of great amplitude when the frequency of the excitatory force is equal to the natural frequency of the ski and this amplitude is proportional to the area and square of speed.
On a proposé dans le CH-A-573.256 de réduire la traînée engendrée par la spatule en ménageant une sorte de carénage de la spatule qui part de sa pointe pour rejoindre la surface du ski à l'arrière de la spatule en formant une courbe convexe. Il est dit dans ce document que les vibrations de la spatule aux grandes vitesses sont supprimées. S'il est vrai qu'un tel carénage supprime les tourbillons engendrés derrière la spatule et constituant une des causes d'instabilité, on constate, par contre, que le profil du carénage présente un coefficient de portance Cz qui diminue avec l'angle d'incidence, ce qui constitue une cause d'instabilité et qu'il y a rapidement un décollement de la veine fluide à la surface du carénage convexe, qui engendre à son tour des tourbillons.It has been proposed in CH-A-573.256 to reduce the drag generated by the tip by providing a kind of fairing of the tip which starts from its tip to reach the surface of the ski at the back of the tip by forming a convex curve . It is said in this document that the vibrations of the spatula at high speeds are suppressed. If it is true that such a fairing eliminates the vortices generated behind the spatula and constituting one of the causes of instability, we note, on the other hand, that the profile of the fairing has a lift coefficient C z which decreases with the angle incidence, which is a cause of instability and that there is rapidly detachment of the fluid vein on the surface of the convex fairing, which in turn generates vortices.
Il a également été proposé dans le AT-A-344.049 de munir l'arrière de la surface supérieure d'un ski de saut, d'une sorte de coin en vue d'exercer dans l'air une pression vers le bas sur cette partie du ski. Un tel dispositif n'a pas été proposé pour remédier à l'instabilité aérodynacmique engendrée par la spatule du ski.It has also been proposed in AT-A-344.049 to provide the rear of the upper surface with a jump ski, a sort of wedge in order to exert downward pressure on this part of skiing. Such a device has not been proposed to remedy the aerodynacmic instability caused by the ski tip.
Le but de la présente invention est d'apporter une solution qui permette de remédier au moins partiellement aux phénomènes d'instabilité de nature aérodynamique, engendrés par le profil de la spatule du ski.The object of the present invention is to provide a solution which makes it possible to at least partially remedy the instability phenomena of aerodynamic nature, generated by the profile of the ski tip.
A cet effet, cette invention a pour objet un dispositif pour stabiliser un ski selon la revendication 1.To this end, the subject of this invention is a device for stabilizing a ski according to claim 1.
Le dessin annexé illustre, schématiquement et à titre d'exemple, deux variantes du dispositif objet de la présente invention.The attached drawing illustrates, schematically and by way of example, two variants of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
La fig. 1 est le diagramne de la portance en fonction de l'angle d'incidence.Fig. 1 is the diagram of the lift as a function of the angle of incidence.
La fig. 2 est une vue en perspective de l'extrémité avant d'un ski illustrant la première variante.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the front end of a ski illustrating the first variant.
La fig. 3 est une vue en perspective de la seconde variante.Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the second variant.
On sait que lorsqu'un profil est placé dans un écoulement de fluide, le coefficient de portance Cz est fonction de l'angle d'incidence i que forme la direction de l'écoulement avec l'axe du profil. De l'équation de mouvement par rapport à la position d'équilibre statique de ce profil, il ressort que la condition de stabilité est satisfaite lorsque (dCz/di)>0, condition qui est illustrée par le diagramme de la fig. 1. De telles conditions de portance sont remplies par les profils d'ailes. Par contre, on connaît une quantité de profils qui, du point de vue aérodynamique sont de mauvais profils, c'està-dire des profils pour lesquels le coefficient de portance CZ en fonction de l'angle d'incidence i avec la direction du fluide présente une pente négative soit (dCz/di)<0. De tels profils, qui ne satisfont pas les conditions de stabilité de l'équation de mouvement, engendrent des instabilités périodiques, qui se traduisent par des oscillations dont les effets peuvent être spectabulai- res lorsqu'elles entrent en résonance avec la fréquence propre de la structure constituant le profil. De tels effets sont bien connus, le plus spectaculaire étant celui de la rupture du pont suspendu de Tocona le 1er juin 1940, soumis à un vent régulier de 70 km/h environ.It is known that when a profile is placed in a fluid flow, the lift coefficient C z is a function of the angle of incidence i formed by the direction of the flow with the axis of the profile. From the equation of motion with respect to the static equilibrium position of this profile, it appears that the condition of stability is satisfied when (dC z / di)> 0, a condition which is illustrated by the diagram in fig. 1. Such lift conditions are fulfilled by the wing profiles. On the other hand, a quantity of profiles is known which, from the aerodynamic point of view are poor profiles, that is to say profiles for which the coefficient of lift C Z as a function of the angle of incidence i with the direction of the fluid has a negative slope, ie (dC z / di) <0. Such profiles, which do not satisfy the conditions of stability of the equation of motion, generate periodic instabilities, which result in oscillations whose effects can be spectabulary when they come into resonance with the natural frequency of the structure constituting the profile. Such effects are well known, the most spectacular being that of the breaking of the suspension bridge at Tocona on June 1, 1940, subjected to a regular wind of around 70 km / h.
Tout laisse à penser que l'une des causes des vibrations des skis est d'origine aérodynamique, la spatule du ski jouant, d'une part, le rôle d'un mauvais profil, c'est-à-dire d'un profil dont le coefficient de portance Cz présente une pente négative en fonction de l'angle d'incidence i de l'air et, d'autre part, étant à l'origine de tourbillons de Karman derrière la spatule. Or, on sait de la théorie, qu'un cylindre suspendu élastiquement dans un écoulement peut se mettre à osciller en raison de la présence de tourbillons de Karman. La fréquence de la force excitatrice est proportionnelle à la vitesse de l'écoulement et l'amplitude du mouvement est fcnc- tien du carré de la vitesse et de la surface du profil.Everything suggests that one of the causes of ski vibrations is of aerodynamic origin, the ski tip playing, on the one hand, the role of a bad profile, that is to say a profile whose lift coefficient C z has a negative slope as a function of the angle of incidence i of the air and, on the other hand, being at the origin of Karman vortices behind the spatula. However, we know from theory that a cylinder suspended elastically in a flow can start to oscillate due to the presence of Karman vortices. The frequency of the exciting force is proportional the at the speed of the flow and the amplitude of the movement is fcnc- tien of the square of the speed and the surface of the profile.
La variante du dispositif selon l'invention, illustrée par la fig. 2 présente un ski 1 dont l'extrémité avant se termine par une spatule 2 qui constitue donc le profil responsable des phénomènes d'instabilité aérodynamique. A cette spatule 2, dont l'extrémité avant est coupée selon une ligne transversale à l'axe longitudinal du ski, est associé un second profil constitué par une aile 3 choisie dans la gamme des profils à portance élevée, voire hyaersustentateurs, qui introduit un élément aérodynamique stabilisateur, destiné à combattre les effets instables de la spatule 2. Canme on le remarque, le profil de l'aile 2 est orienté de manière que la portance soit dirigée vers le bas de sorte qu'à l'effet stabilisateur, le dispositif ajoute un effet d'appui qui, à des vitesses de l'ordre de 100 km/h peut être de quelques newtons, augmentant ainsi encore le contact du ski sur la neige et donc le contrôle du skieur sur ses skis.The variant of the device according to the invention, illustrated in FIG. 2 has a ski 1, the front end of which ends with a
Cette aile 3 se termine à chaque extrémité par une plaque de garde 4 destinée à créer un effet d'allongement de l'aile et est rattachée au ski par deux supports 5. Cette forme d'exécution a été essentiellement étudiée à des fins expérimentales. Elle permet de ccm- battre les effets d'instabilité dus au profil de la spatule 2, mais non ceux engendrés par les tourbillons de Karman. Sur le plan pratique, cette forme d'exécution présente des inconvénients du fait que l'aile est écartée du ski. Outre l'aspect esthétique peu plaisant de cette forme d'exécution, la fixation de l'aile est rendue vulnérable et l'espace entre l'extrémité de la spatule et le bord d'attaque de l'aile 3 peut se remplir de neige.This
C'est dans le but de remédier à ces divers inconvénients que la solution de la fig. 3 a été étudiée. A cet effet, l'aile proprement dite n'existe plus en tant que telle et il s'agit ici davantage d'un carénage de la spatule. En effet, une face profilée 6 est rattachée au bord avant de la spatule 2 qui s'étend selon une ligne transversale à l'axe longitudinal du ski. Cette face profilée 6 présente le profil inférieur d'une aile à forte portance voire hypersustentatrice, deux plaques latérales 7 formant un rebord sur tout le pourtour de cette face, créent un effet d'allongement transversal de cette face profilée 6 et servent également à la fixation de cette face 6 à la spatule ainsi qu'à fermer latéralement l'espace entre cette face 6 et la spatule 2. Cet espace libre pourrait par exemple être utilisé pour loger un étouffeur de vibrations du type de celui décrit dans le EP-A2-0 102 653 qui pourrait ainsi ajouter son effet à celui de la face profilée 6.It is with the aim of remedying these various drawbacks that the solution of FIG. 3 has been studied. For this purpose, the wing itself no longer exists as such and here it is more of a fairing of the tip. Indeed, a profiled
Outre l'aspect esthétique mieux adapté au ski que celui de la solution de la fig. 2, cette variante présente l'avantage d'éviter les tourbillons de Karman derrière la spatule 2, du fait que la face profilée 6 est rattachée à cette spatule. Ainsi, la seconde des causes aérodynamiques d'instabilité est au moins atténuée. En plus, le rattachement de la face profilée 6 à l'avant de la spatule empêche que de la neige ne vienne interférer avec le dispositif en bouchant l'espace qui serait laissé libre entre le bord avant de cette face profilée 6 et le bord avant de la spatule 2. La fixation de cette sorte de carénage sur la spatule est également plus facile à réaliser et plus fiable que la variante de la fig. 2.Besides the aesthetic aspect better suited to skiing than that of the solution of FIG. 2, this variant has the advantage of avoiding Karman vortices behind the
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8407091A FR2564001A1 (en) | 1984-05-09 | 1984-05-09 | DEVICE FOR STABILIZING SKI |
| FR8407091 | 1984-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0162012A1 true EP0162012A1 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
Family
ID=9303777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85810215A Withdrawn EP0162012A1 (en) | 1984-05-09 | 1985-05-07 | Device for stabilizing skis |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0162012A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6133687A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2564001A1 (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0298885A1 (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-11 | Skis Rossignol S.A. | Downhill ski with prolonged tip |
| FR2622463A1 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1989-05-05 | Favreau Pierrette | SUSPENSION AND WING MONOSKI |
| US4874783A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-10-17 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4876309A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-10-24 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterlizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880850A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880856A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability of sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880855A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880854A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4882366A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-21 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4939186A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1990-07-03 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| GB2475555A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | Uk Sport | Wind deflector for sports board |
| DE102013007814A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-13 | Stylianos Pallis | Ski with output wing and output wing for a ski |
| US8910966B1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-12-16 | Brian M. Rogers | Snow ski and snowboard wing |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0710523B2 (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1995-02-08 | 株式会社丸仲鉄工所 | Method for perforating long holes in wood and corner-only device for woodworking |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH573256A5 (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1976-03-15 | Gouda Samy | Ski for long distance jumping - has fairing over ski tip to reduce air resistance and drag |
| FR2294724A1 (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-07-16 | Arai Fusaji | SKIING, ESPECIALLY FOR DOWNHILL RACES |
| AT344049B (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1978-06-26 | Kneissl Ski | JUMP SKI |
| EP0123635A1 (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-31 | Skis Rossignol S.A. | Ski |
-
1984
- 1984-05-09 FR FR8407091A patent/FR2564001A1/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-05-07 EP EP85810215A patent/EP0162012A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-05-08 JP JP9613585A patent/JPS6133687A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH573256A5 (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1976-03-15 | Gouda Samy | Ski for long distance jumping - has fairing over ski tip to reduce air resistance and drag |
| FR2294724A1 (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-07-16 | Arai Fusaji | SKIING, ESPECIALLY FOR DOWNHILL RACES |
| AT344049B (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1978-06-26 | Kneissl Ski | JUMP SKI |
| EP0123635A1 (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-31 | Skis Rossignol S.A. | Ski |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4880854A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880855A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4939186A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1990-07-03 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4882366A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-21 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4874783A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-10-17 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4876309A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-10-24 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterlizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| US4880850A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability to sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| FR2617729A1 (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-13 | Rossignol Sa | EXTENDED SPATULA TRACK SKI |
| EP0298885A1 (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-11 | Skis Rossignol S.A. | Downhill ski with prolonged tip |
| US4861063A (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-08-29 | Skis Rossignol S.A. | Downhill ski with elongated tip |
| FR2622463A1 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1989-05-05 | Favreau Pierrette | SUSPENSION AND WING MONOSKI |
| US4880856A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-11-14 | General Electric Company | Enhancing color stability of sterilizing radiation of polymer compositions |
| GB2475555A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | Uk Sport | Wind deflector for sports board |
| DE102013007814A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-13 | Stylianos Pallis | Ski with output wing and output wing for a ski |
| US8910966B1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-12-16 | Brian M. Rogers | Snow ski and snowboard wing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6133687A (en) | 1986-02-17 |
| FR2564001A1 (en) | 1985-11-15 |
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Inventor name: DELERY, MARC-GEORGES Inventor name: CHOLAT-SERPOUD, GERARD Inventor name: BROSSARD, JEAN-PIERRE |