EP0161748B1 - Improved microfinishing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Improved microfinishing apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0161748B1
EP0161748B1 EP19850301582 EP85301582A EP0161748B1 EP 0161748 B1 EP0161748 B1 EP 0161748B1 EP 19850301582 EP19850301582 EP 19850301582 EP 85301582 A EP85301582 A EP 85301582A EP 0161748 B1 EP0161748 B1 EP 0161748B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
workpiece
machine according
tape
shoe assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850301582
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0161748A2 (en
EP0161748A3 (en
Inventor
Edward Earl Judge, Jr.
Arthur George Reiser
Norman Roy Judge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrial Metal Products Corp
Original Assignee
Industrial Metal Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=24435498&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0161748(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Industrial Metal Products Corp filed Critical Industrial Metal Products Corp
Publication of EP0161748A2 publication Critical patent/EP0161748A2/en
Publication of EP0161748A3 publication Critical patent/EP0161748A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0161748B1 publication Critical patent/EP0161748B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/02—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding rotationally symmetrical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B35/00—Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
    • B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to metal surface finishing and particularly to an improved apparatus and method for microfinishing metal surfaces using coated abrasive tape materials.
  • journal bearing and cam surfaces such as are found in internal combustion engine crankshafts, camshafts and power transmission shafts and any other finished surface.
  • surface finish control also referred to as microfinishing
  • journal type bearings very accurately formed cylindrical surfaces are needed to provide the desired bearing effect which results when lubricant is forced between the journal and the associated bearing. Improperly finished bearing surfaces may lead to premature bearing failure and may limit the load carrying capacity of the bearing.
  • Microfinishing has primarily been accomplished according to the prior art using two different types of machining techniques.
  • stone microfinishing a stationary honing stone is brought against the desired surface.
  • the honing stone is caused to oscillate traversely from one edge of the journal to another as the workpiece is rotated with respect to the stone.
  • This process possesses a number of significant disadvantages. Due to the requirement that the honing stone be soft enough to be self- dressing and to provide the desired material removal characteristics, the stone, through use, takes on the shape of the part being finished. Therefore, this method, instead of correcting geometry variations in the part being microfinished, actually causes such variations to occur. Additionally, since honing stones are perishable, they must be frequently replaced and redressed. Finally, it is extremely difficult to find honing stones with consistent qualities resulting in significant differences in the finished parts when machined by different stones.
  • the surface being finished is caused to rotate and a coated abrasive tape is brought into contact under pressure with this surface.
  • the abrasive material reduces the roughness of the surface.
  • the tape is brought into contact with the rotating surface by pressure exerted by compressible elastomeric inserts, typically made from urethane plastic compounds.
  • the conventional coated abrasive tape microfinishing process overcomes several of the disadvantages associated with stone microfinishing. This process is capable of microfinishing in the journal fillet radius area since the tape is relatively flexible. In addition, this process uses a renewable abrasive surface which can be purchased having consistent qualities.
  • US-A-1 905 821 discloses a microfinishing machine in accordance with the prior art portion of claim 1.
  • This prior device uses an abrasive tape exemplified as being of abrasive coated paper.
  • the present invention as characterised in claim 1, uses an abrasive coated tape which is non-compressible as compared with such a paper tape in order to achieve the benefits of the present invention whereby geometric imperfections can be corrected in the finished surface.
  • the microfinishing system of the invention employs a non-compressible abrasive coated tape which is brought into contact with a rotating workpiece, and is pressed into contact by that workpiece by a rigid backup insert. While the use of abrasive coated tape has been described in an article by H. J. Schulz in pages 9 to 14 of VDI - Zeitschrift, Vol. 125, No. 1/2, Jan. 1983, this is in connection with continuous band-type sanding . and planing machines and the like where the tape needs tensile strength because it is continuously dragged across the surface of a workpiece.
  • the rigid insert does not cause the non-compressible abrasive tape to conform to the surface profile of the workpiece as occurs with compressible tape as shown in US-A-1 905 821. Instead, the rigid insert causes greater abrasive tape contact pressure to be applied to portions of the workpiece surface which extend beyond the desired surface, thereby causing greater material removal in those areas.
  • This system therefore permits the microfinishing system to correct geometry imperfections in the workpiece. Since the insert is not the primary cutting tool, it is not subject to significant changes in profile with use. With appropriate additional components, the rigid inserts may be provided with the capability of polishing fillet radius areas.
  • the microfinishing system according to this invention has been found to provide a significant advance in the art of microfinishing enabling consistent production of surface finishes unachievable using the devices and processes according to the teachings of the prior art.
  • a polishing shoe assembly is shown by Figure 1 and is designated there by reference character 10.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 10 is shown with the associated support mechanisms shown schematically and is shown in position to microfinish a bearing surface of an internal combustion engine crankshaft.
  • crankshaft 12 is supported at opposing ends by headstock 14 and tailstock 16 which together cause the crankshaft to be rotated about its longitudinal center axis.
  • Crankshaft 12 includes a plurality of cylindrical bearing surfaces which must be microfinished including pin bearings 18 which, in use, becomes connected to a piston connecting rod; and main bearings 20, which support the crankshaft for rotation within the engine block.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 10 is shown mounted to arm 22.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 10 is caused to oscillate laterally along the surface being machined by oscillating the shoe assembly, or by oscillating the workpiece relative to the shoe assembly.
  • Arm 22 permits polishing shoe assembly 10 to orbit with pin bearing 18 since that bearing journal is positioned eccentrically with respect to the center of rotation of crankshaft main bearings 20.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 10 includes two halves, upper shoe 32 and lower shoe 34 (shown partially in phantom lines). These halves are each connected to a support structure which may include hydraulic or pneumatic biasing cylinders acting on the shoe halves (as shown in phantom lines in Figure 2) or may be supported by a scissors type linkage device.
  • This polishing shoe assembly employs a semicircular surface 24 having a plurality of spaced dovetail-shaped grooves 26. Within dovetail grooves 26 are installed cooperatively shaped urethane inserts 28. These inserts, due to the material from which they are made, are comparatively flexible and compressible, having a Durometer hardness of 90 or less.
  • Each of the shoe portions includes means for engaging coated abrasive tape 30 which is brought into compressive contact with the surface of pin bearing 18.
  • upper and lower shoes 32 and 34 are caused to separate and are repositioned and clamped onto another pin bearing 18 or a main bearing 20.
  • a plurality of polishing shoe assemblies may be provided such that the entire workpiece may be machined in one operation. Simultaneous with shoe disengagement and re-engagement is an indexing of tape 30 such that a predetermined length of new abrasive material is brought into shoe assembly 10. This indexing results in the abrasive surface being constantly renewed.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view taken through Figure 2 and shows contact between insert 28 and pin bearing 18.
  • Insert 28 is caused to traverse relating to the surface of pin bearing 18 as indicated by arrow A.
  • Insert 28, being made of a flexible material, is caused to conform to the existing surface profile of pin bearing 18. Therefore, if imperfections such as waviness, taper, convexness or concavity of the bearing surface exist, coated abrasive tape 30 will be caused to conform to the incorrect shape. As a result, this prior art microfinishing method does not correct geometry variations of the parts being microfinished.
  • Figure 4 shows polishing shoe assembly 60 according to a first embodiment of this invention.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 60 includes upper shoe 62 and lower shoe 64.
  • Polishing shoe assembly 60 varies principally from shoe assembly 10 shown by Figures 2 and 3 in that urethane inserts 28 are replaced with stone inserts 36. These inserts are preferably made from honing stone material.
  • Stones inserts 36 are characterized in that they are relatively non- deformable having a Durometer hardness greater than 90, yet are easily machined and provide a degree of frictional engagement with coated abrasive tape 30.
  • Each of stone inserts 36 are mounted to a holder 38.
  • Stone inserts 36 and holders 38 are preferably permitted to "float" slightly with respect to the upper and lower shoes, enabling them to rotate slightly as indicated by arrow B in Figure 5. Such relative rotation is provided according to this embodiment by mounting holders 38 using mounting pins 40.
  • coated abrasive tape 30 is supported by shoes 62 and 64 such that when they engage pin bearing surface 18, the tape is brought into contact
  • Stone insert 36 is provided which presents a surface having a predetermined curvature which is rigid and which exerts a compressive load on tape 30 against pin bearing 18. Since stone inserts 36 are rigid and relatively non-conformable, surface waviness, taper, convexity and concavity of the surface of pin bearing 18 are corrected since, in these instances, nonconforming portions of the surface of pin bearing 18 will be brought under greater contact pressures against coated abrasive tape 30, and therefore, more material will be removed in those areas until pin bearing 18 assumes the desired surface profile.
  • Coated abrasive tape 30 is of a polymeric plastic film variety which is in itself relatively incompressible.
  • Abrasive coated paper products are generally unsuitable for use in connection with this invention since they are relatively compressible as compared to polymeric plastic tape materials. Additionally, the grit size of abrasive coated papers is generally not as uniform as that of abrasive coated polymeric plastic tape materials.
  • insert 36 and shoe assembly 60 is caused to oscillate relative to pin bearing 18 as the bearing is rotated relative to the shoe assembly, as indicated by arrow A in Figure 5. Such lateral movement is achieved by moving the workpiece relative to polishing shoe assembly 62, or by moving the polishing shoe assembly relative to the workpiece, or a combination of both.
  • coated abrasive tape material 30 could be employed in connection with this invention.
  • a metal backed tape which is coated with abrasive material could also be used.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a second embodiment according to this invention.
  • portions of insert 136 are partially relieved such that they do not cause high contact pressure between coated abrasive tape 30 and pin bearing 18.
  • Figure 6 shows a pair of opposed relief portions 142 which are defined by arcuate borders 144.
  • the surface of pin bearing 18 moves with respect to insert 136 in the direction indicated by arrow C.
  • This second embodiment causes greater abrasive material removal to occur at the separated ends of the surface of pin bearing 18.
  • This second embodiment therefore tends to cause the pin bearing surface to assume a slightly barrel shaped configuration, such that its diameters at each end are slightly less than the diameter at the center. Such "barrelling" is sometimes desirable to achieve optimal bearing surfaces.
  • a third embodiment according to this invention is shown with reference to Figures 8 and 9.
  • This embodiment also produces a slightly barrel shaped journal bearing surface but achieves this result in a different manner than that according to Figures 6 and 7.
  • a modified cylindrical contour in insert 236 is produced so that the radius of the curved insert surface at points near the ends of the journal bearing is less than at the center of the journal bearing.
  • relative movement of pin bearing 18 with respect to insert 236 occurs along the direction indicated by arrow C.
  • portions of the surface of insert 236 near the lateral edges are designated by reference character 254 and have a radius of curvature somewhat less than that of central shoe segment 256 (these differences in radius are exaggerated in Figure 9 for illustration purposes).
  • This embodiment therefore, provides another means for generating a non-cylindrical surface and a workpiece being machined. According to this embodiment, such machining results from machining the desired surface contour directly into stone insert 236 and this contour will be impressed and machined in the corresponding workpiece.
  • FIG. 10 A fourth embodiment of this invention is illustrated by Figure 10, which enables the side wall portion 68 of pin bearing 18 to be finished and further permits any burrs existing between fillet radius 46 and the bearing surface to be removed.
  • flexible inserts 348 and 350 are provided with inserts 36. These flexible inserts exert a compressive force against coated abrasive tape 30 when the inserts are brought to their extreme lateral positions.
  • a flexible material for inserts 348 and 350 results in the same shortcomings associated with conventional processes, it is generally not necessary to highly control the profile shape of these surfaces. Since it is necessary for tape 30 to flex to a considerable extend when brought into contact with side wall portion 68, it is sometimes necessary to provide edge cuts within the coated tape, according to principles known to the prior art.
  • inserts 348 and 350 further permits the elimination of burrs or sharp edges which may exist at the edges 51 of the bearing surface of journal 18 when the fillet radius are cut deep into the workpiece (as shown by Figure 10).
  • inserts 348 and 350 By mounting inserts 348 and 350 such that they exert a slight compressive load on the surface of bearing 18, tape 30 is caused to remove such burrs when the insert forces the tape into the fillet.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a fifth embodiment according to this invention.
  • This embodiment employs inserts 36 and upper and lower shoes 62 and 64 as described in connection with Figure 4.
  • This embodiment differs from the previously described embodiments in that coated abrasive tape 430 is used which has a multiplicity of perforations 452 along its length. Perforations 452 enable lubricants or cutting fluids to come in contact with the surfaces being machined. Flow of lubricant or cutting fluids to the workpiece is conducted through passage 70 within upper and lower shoes 62 and 64.
  • FIG. 12 A sixth embodiment according to this invention is described with reference to Figure 12.
  • lower shoe 564 is mounted within cradle 566 by a mounting pin 540.
  • These mounting pins permit rotation of lower shoe assembly 564 with respect to cradle 566.
  • a similar mounting arrangement would also be provided for upper shoe assembly 562 (not shown).
  • This arrangement provides the desirable "floating" characteristic as described with reference to Figure 4 wherein individual mounting pins 40 are provided for each of the inserts 36.
  • the construction illustrated by Figure 12 has the primary advantage of being simpler to construct. In operation, this embodiment performs as described in connection with the earliest described embodiments.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 A seventh embodiment according to this invention is shown by Figures 13 and 14. This embodiment provides another means of finishing the side wall portions 68 of a bearing 18 or 20.
  • upper shoe 62 and/or lower shoe 64 include elastomeric insert 672 which is employed to polish the side wall portions 68.
  • upper shoe 62 and lower show 64 are constructed identical to that described with reference to Figure 4 except that one or more of stone inserts 36 is replaced by elastomeric insert 672.
  • Elastomeric insert 672 is particularly shown in detail by Figure 14. As shown by that Figure, insert 672 is made from an elastomeric substance such as a urethane compound and includes radiused edge surfaces 674 and 676.
  • Insert 672 has a lateral width which exceeds that of stone inserts 36 such that as polishing shoe assembly 60 is stroked laterally, radiused side surfaces 674 and 676 caused coated abrasive tape 30 to contact side wall portions 68, thereby microfinishing that area.
  • elastomeric insert 672 is resiliently biased within the associated shoe portion, enabling it to move radially and laterally with respect to the associated bearing surface.
  • lateral compliance of elastomeric insert 672 is provided by employing drill rod 678 which flexes, enabling the insert to move laterally with respect to upper shoe 62. The maximum extent of lateral compliance is limited by contact between elastomeric insert 672 and insert holder 682.
  • Radial compliance for insert 672 is provided by employing helical coil spring 680 which exerts a downward compressive force upon coated abrasive tape 30.
  • the maximum extent of radial displacement is controlled by the position of head 684 on drill rod 678.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP19850301582 1984-05-07 1985-03-07 Improved microfinishing apparatus and method Expired EP0161748B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60820184A 1984-05-07 1984-05-07
US608201 1984-05-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0161748A2 EP0161748A2 (en) 1985-11-21
EP0161748A3 EP0161748A3 (en) 1987-04-22
EP0161748B1 true EP0161748B1 (en) 1990-07-04

Family

ID=24435498

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850301582 Expired EP0161748B1 (en) 1984-05-07 1985-03-07 Improved microfinishing apparatus and method

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0161748B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60238267A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1265343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3578524D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6742252B1 (en) 1997-04-09 2004-06-01 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Crankshaft machining and finishing
EP2338625A1 (de) 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 NILES-SIMMONS Industrieanlagen GmbH Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen

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US4734964A (en) * 1985-10-24 1988-04-05 Cooper Lasersonics, Inc. Apparatus for refurbishing acoustic members
JPS62236665A (ja) * 1986-04-08 1987-10-16 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd ワ−クの研磨布紙式自動研削装置
US5095663A (en) * 1989-02-07 1992-03-17 Industrial Metal Products Corporation Size control shoe for microfinishing machine
US5142827A (en) * 1990-10-05 1992-09-01 J. D. Phillips Corporation Crankpin grinder and method
US5249393A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-10-05 Industrial Metal Products, Corp. Brake drum micro-finishing apparatus
DE4444239C3 (de) * 1994-12-13 2003-05-08 Supfina Grieshaber Gmbh & Co Feinstbearbeitungsmaschine
JP3012789B2 (ja) * 1995-08-09 2000-02-28 株式会社京三製作所 ラッピング装置
EP0781627B1 (de) * 1995-12-28 2000-03-22 Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co. Feinstbearbeitungsmaschine
DE19602933C2 (de) * 1996-01-27 1998-08-27 Nagel Masch Werkzeug Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Finishen von Umfangsflächen an Werkstücken
DE19607778C2 (de) * 1996-03-01 2001-10-11 Nagel Masch Werkzeug Vorrichtung zur Finish-Bearbeitung, insbesondere von Kurbel- oder Nockenwellen
DE29719168U1 (de) * 1997-10-29 1999-03-04 Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co., 42859 Remscheid Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung zylindrischer Werkstücke
US6787975B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2004-09-07 Denso Corporation Piezoelectric device for injector
JP2007260811A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Nachi Fujikoshi Corp テープラップ装置
JP5344941B2 (ja) * 2009-01-30 2013-11-20 ダイハツ工業株式会社 クランクシャフトの製造方法
DE202010006480U1 (de) 2010-04-30 2010-08-05 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Andrückeinrichtung zum Andrücken von Schneidmittel, Trägerkassette für eine solche Andrückeinrichtung sowie Vorrichtung mit einer solchen Andrückeinrichtung
EP2803445B1 (de) 2013-05-14 2015-07-08 Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur bandfinishenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks
DE102014208319B4 (de) 2014-05-05 2021-05-06 Supfina Grieshaber Gmbh & Co. Kg Bandfinishvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Bandfinishvorrichtung
DE102015006672B4 (de) 2015-05-22 2018-11-15 Neenah Gessner Gmbh Imprägnierter Schleifmittelträger für feine Körnungen und daraus hergestellter Schleifartikel
WO2019115323A1 (de) * 2017-12-14 2019-06-20 Thielenhaus Technologies Gmbh Andrückschuh

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6742252B1 (en) 1997-04-09 2004-06-01 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Crankshaft machining and finishing
EP2338625A1 (de) 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 NILES-SIMMONS Industrieanlagen GmbH Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen
DE102009060926A1 (de) 2009-12-28 2011-06-30 NILES-SIMMONS Industrieanlagen GmbH, 09117 Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen
EP2338625B1 (de) 2009-12-28 2015-10-21 NILES-SIMMONS Industrieanlagen GmbH Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen
DE102009060926B4 (de) 2009-12-28 2019-04-25 Niles-Simmons Industrieanlagen Gmbh Verfahren zum Fertigbearbeiten der Lagersitze von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen
DE102009060926C5 (de) 2009-12-28 2025-01-09 Nsh Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum Fertigbearbeiten der Lagersitze von Haupt- und Hublagern von Kurbelwellen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1265343A (en) 1990-02-06
DE3578524D1 (de) 1990-08-09
EP0161748A2 (en) 1985-11-21
JPH0545380B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-07-09
JPS60238267A (ja) 1985-11-27
EP0161748A3 (en) 1987-04-22

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