EP0160840A2 - Séparateur de phase d'hélium-II - Google Patents

Séparateur de phase d'hélium-II Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160840A2
EP0160840A2 EP85104020A EP85104020A EP0160840A2 EP 0160840 A2 EP0160840 A2 EP 0160840A2 EP 85104020 A EP85104020 A EP 85104020A EP 85104020 A EP85104020 A EP 85104020A EP 0160840 A2 EP0160840 A2 EP 0160840A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase separator
helium
separator according
passage channels
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85104020A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0160840A3 (en
EP0160840B1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Dipl.-Ing. Seidel
Hartmut Ing.-Grad. Neuking
Ernst Blenninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG filed Critical Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
Publication of EP0160840A2 publication Critical patent/EP0160840A2/fr
Publication of EP0160840A3 publication Critical patent/EP0160840A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0160840B1 publication Critical patent/EP0160840B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a helium-II phase separator with slot-shaped passage channels for utilizing the thermomechanical effect.
  • thermomechanical effect is used to separate superfluid helium (HeII) from the gas phase.
  • HeII superfluid helium
  • the liquid cannot pass through the capillary system due to the thermomechanical effect if the boundary conditions are selected, since the associated force is opposite to the temperature gradient, i.e. from the outlet side to the liquid bath , is directed.
  • This is the basis of the applicability of such a system as a phase separator for helium-II.
  • the lower temperature on the outlet side is achieved by lowering the pressure, for example by pumping, which leads to cooling by the evaporation of liquid.
  • a throttle valve is sufficient inthe exhaust gas line through which flows the helium gas in the space (vacuum).
  • a known capillary system which is suitable for producing the thermomechanical effect, consists essentially of a plug made of tightly wound aluminum foil with a spiral passage opening, which is inserted into a holder made of a good heat-conducting material and connected to the exhaust system.
  • the winding process does not, strictly speaking, result in only one passage opening, but rather a multiplicity of irregular, gap-like passage openings lying side by side in a spiral.
  • the winding tension must be set so that the largest passage opening has a maximum gap thickness of approx. 10 ⁇ m, since otherwise the thermomechanical effect would not occur and liquid helium would escape. Passage openings of this type cannot be produced reproducibly, so that a large number of such plugs must always be produced and tested for usability in an experiment.
  • thermomechanical effect is effective even in narrow annular gaps, the gap width is about 10 microns or less.
  • the thermomechanical effect is used exclusively for phase separation, the helium throughput through a narrow annular gap is comparatively low. That would e.g. in the case of a helium throughput of approx. 45 mg / sec typical for space experiments, require an annular gap with a diameter of approx. 0.8 m and a gap width of approx. 10 ⁇ m.
  • Such ring gaps are, however, difficult to manufacture and unsuitable for use in spacecraft.
  • the phase separator shown in FIG. 1 essentially has a tank flange 1 for attachment within a helium-II filled tank of a cyrostat.
  • a cylindrical extension 1.1 of the tank flange 1 is a stack of the same square washers 2, each with be in between sensitive spacers 3 arranged.
  • This stack is sealed at the end projecting into the tank with a cover plate 4 and is fastened together with this cover plate by means of tie rods 5 to the flange 1 under elastic prestress.
  • tie rods 5 In the interior of the cavity created by the ring disk stack and the cover disk 4 (see FIG.
  • a displacement body 6 connected to the cover disk 4 is fastened, which exposes a pot-shaped gap 7 between itself and the inner edge of each ring disk and to the flange 1.
  • This cup-shaped gap 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe 8 guided through the flange 1, which is wound around the cylindrical extension 1.1 of the flange 1 and the ring disk stack and is thus designed as a heat exchanger until it ends in a central outlet 1.2 of the flange 1.
  • the gap between the discs 2 is approximately 10 microns; it can be between 5 and 15 ⁇ m, this distance being increased by about 200 times for the graphic representation.
  • the surface quality of the ring disks 2 is particularly high; the surface ripple should be ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • each passage channel is the same and dimensioned so that the thermomechanical effect occurs under suitable boundary conditions, due to which superfluid helium (Helium-II) is prevented from passing through the gap-shaped channels. Therefore, only gaseous helium flows in the pot-shaped collecting gap 7 and is drawn off via the exhaust line 8. The residual cold still present in the helium gas is utilized via the exhaust gas line 8, which is designed as a heat exchanger.
  • the helium-II phase separator shown in Fig. 3 consists of a cylindrical hollow body 9 which, similar to the stacked ring washers of the phase separator according to FIG. 1, is attached to a flange, not shown, with a central exhaust pipe.
  • the hollow body 9 has, on its outer circumference, wedge-shaped grooves 10 in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis, which are connected to the interior 11 via bores 12 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • In the center of the wedge-shaped grooves 10 are wedge-shaped strips 13 which, due to inserted spacers 14, each produce two opposite rows of the same gap-shaped passage channels 15 (see FIGS. 4, 5 and 6).
  • the cavity 11, similar to that in FIG. 1, is closed in a gas-tight manner on the side facing away from the flange, to which, as in FIG. 1, a cylindrical displacement body can be fastened to produce a pot-shaped collecting gap.
  • the thickness of the spacers 14 and their spacing and the gap geometries generated thereby correspond to those of the phase separator according to FIG. 1.
  • the flow in these passage channels is thus also purely two-dimensional.
  • the wedge-shaped grooves and strips have the advantage that the gap thickness can be adjusted by moving the strips in the wedge direction.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the installation of a phase separator 16 according to FIG. 1 or 3 in the tank 17 of a cyrostat filled with helium-11.
  • the discharged gaseous helium (GHe) is used to cool the radiation shields 18 of the cyrostat until it is fed via a control valve 19 to a vacuum pump or into the vacuum of space.
  • the regulation of the helium mass flow rate is carried out by changing the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the through channels in such a way that the thermomechanical effect is always maintained at the specified bath temperatures.
  • the control valve 19 located outside the helium-II cyrostat is used, which is controlled by a motor 21 via a controller 20.
  • the controller 20 uses the helium II bath temperature (T) as the measurement signal.
  • T helium II bath temperature
  • This bath temperature must be regulated very sensitively, especially in space experiments. If the helium-II bath temperature has a rising tendency, the control valve 19 opens and the pressure difference which then arises in the gap-shaped passage channels of the phase separator 16 becomes larger. Due to the increasing pressure difference, the helium throughput also increases, causing the bath to cool down again. This in turn results in the reverse of the procedure just described.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
EP85104020A 1984-05-09 1985-04-03 Séparateur de phase d'hélium-II Expired - Lifetime EP0160840B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3417055 1984-05-09
DE3417055A DE3417055C2 (de) 1984-05-09 1984-05-09 Helium-II-Phasentrenner

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0160840A2 true EP0160840A2 (fr) 1985-11-13
EP0160840A3 EP0160840A3 (en) 1986-10-15
EP0160840B1 EP0160840B1 (fr) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=6235295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104020A Expired - Lifetime EP0160840B1 (fr) 1984-05-09 1985-04-03 Séparateur de phase d'hélium-II

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4607490A (fr)
EP (1) EP0160840B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60244308A (fr)
DE (2) DE3417055C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3530168C1 (de) * 1985-08-23 1986-12-18 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Regelbarer Helium-II-Phasentrenner
US4848093A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-07-18 Quantum Design Apparatus and method for regulating temperature in a cryogenic test chamber
US4791788A (en) * 1987-08-24 1988-12-20 Quantum Design, Inc. Method for obtaining improved temperature regulation when using liquid helium cooling
FR2747595B1 (fr) * 1996-04-19 1998-08-21 Air Liquide Procede et installation de fourniture d'helium ultra-pur
US5647228A (en) * 1996-07-12 1997-07-15 Quantum Design, Inc. Apparatus and method for regulating temperature in a cryogenic test chamber
FR2781868B1 (fr) * 1998-07-29 2000-09-15 Air Liquide Installation et procede de fourniture d'helium a plusieurs lignes de production

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2716663A1 (de) * 1977-04-15 1978-10-19 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Vorrichtung zum abtrennen des gases, welches bei der foerderung von tiefsiedenden verfluessigten gasen verdampft
FR2500908A1 (fr) * 1981-03-02 1982-09-03 Europ Agence Spatiale Installation cryogenique a fonctionnement en l'absence de gravite, notamment pour missions spatiales
DE3148426A1 (de) * 1981-12-08 1983-06-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Fluessigkeits-gas-phasentrenner

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB945223A (en) * 1961-09-22 1963-12-23 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Improvements in or relating to refrigerators
JPS5012968B1 (fr) * 1970-02-24 1975-05-16
NL7009420A (fr) * 1970-06-26 1971-12-28
US4223723A (en) * 1978-01-12 1980-09-23 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Heat transfer in boiling liquified gas
NL7902014A (nl) * 1979-03-14 1980-09-16 Philips Nv 3he-4he verdunningskoelmachine.
EP0089391B1 (fr) * 1982-03-23 1986-06-04 International Business Machines Corporation Procédé et machine frigorifique à dilution pour un refroidissement à des températures en-dessous de 1 K
US4498046A (en) * 1982-10-18 1985-02-05 International Business Machines Corporation Room temperature cryogenic test interface

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2716663A1 (de) * 1977-04-15 1978-10-19 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Vorrichtung zum abtrennen des gases, welches bei der foerderung von tiefsiedenden verfluessigten gasen verdampft
FR2500908A1 (fr) * 1981-03-02 1982-09-03 Europ Agence Spatiale Installation cryogenique a fonctionnement en l'absence de gravite, notamment pour missions spatiales
DE3148426A1 (de) * 1981-12-08 1983-06-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Fluessigkeits-gas-phasentrenner

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CRYOGENICS, Band 18, Nr. 3, M{rz 1978, Seiten 166-170, Guildford, Surrey, GB; H.D. DENNER et al.: "Flow of helium II through porous plugs" *
K.D. TIMMERHAUS et al.: "Advances in Cryogenic Engineering", Band 25, Proceedings of the 1979 Cryogenic Engineering Conference, 21. - 24. August 1979, Madison, Wisconsin, US, Seiten 783-790, Plenum Press, New York-London 1980; H.D. DENNER et al.: "Mechanism of an active phase separator for space applications" *
K.D. TIMMERHAUS: "Advances in Cryogenic Engineering", Band 16, Proceedings of the 1970 Cryogenic Engineering Conference, The University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 17. - 19. Juni 1970, Seiten 277-281, Plenum Press, New York-London 1971; P.M. SELZER et al.: "A superfluid plug for space" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3579492D1 (de) 1990-10-11
EP0160840A3 (en) 1986-10-15
US4607490A (en) 1986-08-26
JPS60244308A (ja) 1985-12-04
DE3417055A1 (de) 1985-11-14
EP0160840B1 (fr) 1990-09-05
DE3417055C2 (de) 1986-05-07

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