EP0160637A2 - Centrifuge à bol plein - Google Patents

Centrifuge à bol plein Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160637A2
EP0160637A2 EP85890100A EP85890100A EP0160637A2 EP 0160637 A2 EP0160637 A2 EP 0160637A2 EP 85890100 A EP85890100 A EP 85890100A EP 85890100 A EP85890100 A EP 85890100A EP 0160637 A2 EP0160637 A2 EP 0160637A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solid bowl
bowl centrifuge
centrifuge according
axial
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85890100A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0160637A3 (fr
Inventor
Vilim Dipl.-Ing. Cvitas
Karl Dipl.-Ing. Faltejsek
Reinhart Dipl.-Ing. Hanke
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Janusch
Gerhard Larch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Larch Gerhard
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0160637A2 publication Critical patent/EP0160637A2/fr
Publication of EP0160637A3 publication Critical patent/EP0160637A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles without inserted separating walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid bowl centrifuge with a rotatable, water-impermeable, axially displaceable jacket surface, a feed device for the material to be dewatered and at least one discharge for liquid and dewatered material.
  • Solid bowl centrifuges of this type are often also referred to as decanters if they are designed with a screw discharge for continuous operation.
  • Solid bowl centrifuges are known in the form of cup or bottle centrifuges or tube centrifuges, with the centrifugal force becoming significantly greater than gravity at a corresponding number of revolutions, so that the liquid is applied as an axially parallel ring to the rotor wall.
  • an overflow for a heavy component and an overflow for a light component are provided in the axial direction, provided that both are liquids. Solids must generally be removed by peeling or by hand.
  • the invention aims to develop a solid bowl centrifuge of the type mentioned in such a way that, in addition to separating solid and liquid material, it also enables targeted treatment of the material to be separated, for example by wet chemical decomposition or hydrolysis.
  • Such training is particularly important in connection with the processing of sewage sludge and sludge that contain decomposable organic material, but also for drying wet coals, peat etc. through steam treatment with simultaneous removal of the steam condensate and the expelled water.
  • the invention aims to simplify the discharge of the separated components and to enable a semi-continuous or continuous operation in a simple manner.
  • the invention essentially consists in a solid jacket centrifuge of the type mentioned in the fact that at least two full-walled jacket surfaces are arranged in succession in the radial direction and can be driven separately in both axial directions of the centrifuge and that the discharge opening for the dewatered material is in the radial direction the lateral surfaces are connected and can be opened by axial displacement of at least one lateral surface. Because the lateral surfaces can be driven in both axial directions of the centrifuge, the discharge of the heavier or solid component can be considerably simplified by moving at least one lateral surface.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that at least one discharge opening for liquid is connected between adjacent outer surfaces in the radial direction. Due to the separate displacement of individual lateral surfaces in the axial direction of the centrifuge, the material that has been treated or centrifuged in one section can, after the liquid phase has been separated off, be transferred to a further section located on a larger radius, where, at the same speed of the centrifuge, due to the larger radius of one higher peripheral speed and a higher centrifugal force.
  • Annular chambers are formed between the individual lateral surfaces, which result in closed treatment rooms, in which by spraying chemicals or by introducing steam, the desired reaction or hydrolysis can be carried out, such hydrolysis taking place simultaneously with centrifugation.
  • a discharge opening for the liquid is connected between two adjacent lateral surfaces in order to keep the liquid ballast outward in the radial direction as little as possible.
  • the treatment rooms formed in this way can be exposed to different pressures, the pressure equalization between these treatment rooms via their hydrolyzate discharge channels is prevented or made more difficult by seals or labyrinths between these discharge channels.
  • a central feed device preferably equipped with a screw conveyor, is provided for the task of the material to be dewatered, said feed device being delimited by essentially radial channels or openings in a rotatable shell surface and end faces Annulus opens, with at least one end face is fixed immovably in the axial direction.
  • the material to be dewatered, treated or hydrolyzed can be introduced centrally and, in the case of a plurality of lateral surfaces successively in the radial direction, introduced into the innermost chamber delimited by such an external surface.
  • a pretreatment in this first chamber the material which has already been pretreated or predried can be pulled back into the next chamber, which is on a larger radius, are deployed.
  • a steam feed line is preferably connected to at least one annular space delimited by lateral surfaces.
  • the end face of the annular spaces which has the discharge opening for liquid is designed as a sieve face, in particular as an annular face with openings which flare conically outwards and is fixed immovably in the axial direction.
  • this end face can be designed as an end face which is fixed immovably in the axial direction, the displaceably mounted jacket in its closed position being pressed against the end face, for example a ring shoulder or a centering cone of this ring face.
  • the end surface opposite this end surface which has the discharge openings for liquid, is designed as an end surface that cannot be displaced in the axial direction, this second end surface forming the wiping edge for the material adhering to the outer surface when the outer surfaces are displaced, and the discharge in the next chamber or the discharge opening ensures.
  • the lateral surface is advantageously guided and supported on at least one radial web, in particular the end wall opposite the discharge opening for liquid, on a lateral surface lying on a smaller radius.
  • the displacement drive for the lateral surfaces is realized in a particularly simple manner in that the lateral surfaces carry ring disks guided in control cylinders which can be acted upon with pressure medium, preferably steam, on both sides.
  • the annular disks form the pistons sliding in the corresponding annular chamber-shaped control cylinder chambers and the axial displacement of the lateral surfaces can be achieved by applying a pressure medium to the annular disks.
  • the control cylinder spaces can preferably be connected via radial channels to an axial pressure medium, in particular steam supply line.
  • the steam which can also be used for the hydrolysis, can be used in a particularly simple manner to drive the jacket surfaces in the axial direction of the solid jacket centrifuge.
  • the design is preferably such that at least one lateral surface two at an axial distance from one another arranged ring disks, which distance exceeds the axial displacement path of the lateral surfaces, and that at least one ring disk is penetrated by an axially parallel tube for the passage of pressure medium and is slidably guided thereon.
  • an axially parallel tube is provided for the passage of pressure medium, there is the possibility of also acting on the second annular disc in one of the directions of displacement, and the axially parallel tube at the same time enables a rotational position securing relative to a drive shaft.
  • the axially parallel tube must pass through at least one non-rotatably arranged and axially non-displaceable annular disc in order to ensure protection against rotation relative to the drive shaft.
  • a tubular slide valve is advantageously arranged in the axial steam supply line so that it can be moved and driven in the axial direction, the jacket of which has openings which, when the tubular slide valve is displaced, are aligned or aligned with the radial channel or channels this covering layer (s) can be brought.
  • the tubular control slide can be connected to a correspondingly regulated drive and, depending on the sliding position of the slide, the associated lateral surface of the solid bowl centrifuge is displaced or pushed back into its position in contact with the end face bearing the discharge openings.
  • the inner or the next outer jacket is displaced in the axial direction and it is also possible with such a design, by moving the control spool back to a position in which all radial Channels to the corresponding control cylinder rooms are open, withdraw all lateral surfaces and in this way enable complete cleaning of the centrifuge.
  • the axial feed device for the material to be dewatered and the axial pressure medium supply line are arranged in axial bores of a shaft, with which a carrier for the rotatable and axially displaceably drivable lateral surfaces is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, which results in a particularly stable construction.
  • a carrier for the rotatable and axially displaceably drivable lateral surfaces is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, which results in a particularly stable construction.
  • the design here is preferably such that the end face of the lateral surfaces facing the discharge openings for the liquid and, if appropriate, the end face having these discharge openings in the region of their contact with the end face of the Jacket is (are) formed with armor.
  • a further protection against undesired corrosion can be achieved in that at least the outer surfaces of annular spaces which are subjected to steam pressure are lined with ceramic material.
  • radially projecting drivers in particular axially oriented metal sheets, are preferably fixed on the shaft into the first annular space.
  • vane-like drivers and conical surfaces in particular those with a small opening angle, can also advantageously be used here.
  • the training is in the case of a Screw conveyor in a particularly simple manner so that a stationary tube is mounted in the axial bore of the shaft for receiving the feed device, in which the screw conveyor can be driven at an adjustable speed.
  • the shaft itself can be connected to a rotary drive with a preferably adjustable speed.
  • the outer surface of the outer surface which is arranged with the largest diameter, advantageously carries a peeling knife which, when this outer surface is displaced into Axis direction interacts with the inner wall of the housing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the full-jacket centrifuge according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the central area of the design according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 3 shows the area of the tubular control slide for driving the jacket surfaces corresponding to the view according to FIG. 1 in 4
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 schematically show different positions of the control slide for controlling the displacement movement of the lateral surfaces.
  • a multi-chamber centrifuge is shown, which is designated 1.
  • the housing of this multi-chamber centrifuge which is designed as a solid-bowl centrifuge, is designated by 2 and is mounted in a stationary manner.
  • a drive shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in bearings 4 in this housing.
  • a V-belt pulley 5 is rotatably connected to the shaft 3.
  • Within the housing is a carrier 6 for cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 arranged and rotatably connected to the shaft 3.
  • the two cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 delimit annular chambers 9 and 10 and are displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft 3, as is shown in the lower part of FIG. 1.
  • the material to be dewatered is introduced via a feed hopper 11 and a screw conveyor 12, which is accommodated in an axial bore 13 in the shaft 3.
  • a casing tube 14 of the screw conveyor is inserted, which is mounted in a stationary manner and allows the shaft 3 to be rotated relative to this casing tube 14.
  • Material to be dewatered or treated is introduced into the first annular chamber 9 via essentially radial channels 15, which is delimited in the radial direction by the inner of the two cylindrical lateral surfaces 7.
  • End faces 16 and 17 are provided in the axial direction, which are immovable in the axial direction relative to the shaft 3 and represent further boundary walls of the annular chamber 9.
  • the end face 17 is designed as an annular disk and has openings for the discharge of liquid.
  • a tubular control slide 18 is arranged, which is displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft 3 by a drive 19.
  • a steam supply line is connected to the interior of the tubular control slide 18 via a connection 20, the steam supplied being used as pressure medium for the displacement movement of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8.
  • the drive of the screw conveyor 12 is shown schematically at 22.
  • FIG. 1 shows the housing 2 of the centrifuge in an enlarged view, the cylindrical lateral surfaces which delimit the chambers 9 and 10, annular disks 23 and 24 which are guided as control pistons in a common cylinder space 25.
  • These annular disks 23 and 24 define annular control cylinder spaces into which pressure medium for the displacement of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 can be introduced.
  • radial bores 27 and 28 are provided, starting from an axial bore 26 in which the control slide 18 is guided.
  • the radial bore 27 opens here via an axially parallel tube 29 into a control cylinder chamber 30 for the outer of the cylindrical jacket surfaces 8.
  • pressure medium in particular superheated steam
  • the pressure medium or the steam can be pressed into annular control cylinder spaces 31 and via an axially parallel tube 32 into a further annular control cylinder space 33, so that the inner of the two cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 into the lower half 2 end position shown can be moved.
  • the interior of the centrifuge is easily accessible for cleaning purposes.
  • the end face 34 of the two annular chambers 9 and 10 has separate discharge openings for liquid formed by perforated annular disks 35 for each annular chamber 9 or 10.
  • the liquid emerging from the annular chambers 9 and 10 is in substantially axial channels 36 and 37 are discharged, this end wall 34 rotating at the rotational speed of the shaft 3.
  • a labyrinth seal 38 is provided between the channels 36 and 37, the parts of which are screwed on the one hand in a stationary manner to the cover plate 39 of the housing 2 and on the other hand to the end face 34.
  • the drain lines 40 and 41 for the liquid discharged from the annular chambers 9 and 10 and a flushing line 42 for cleaning bearing surfaces of the shaft relative to the stationary housing 2 are connected to the stationary cover plate 39.
  • the cylinder space 25 is connected via a bore 43 of the carrier 6 to the housing interior 44, to which a steam supply line is connected via a connection 45.
  • the supply of steam via the connection 45 enables the movement of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 against the direction of the arrow 31 in their in FIG. 2 above in the case of an unpressurized axial supply bore 26 and thus in the absence of a control pressure in the annular control cylinder spaces 30, 31 and 33 Operating position shown, in which the end faces 46 and 47 of these lateral surfaces 7 and 8 are pressed sealingly against the end face 34. In the area of the contact points, both the end face 34 and the end faces 46 and 47 of the cylindrical jacket surfaces 7 and 8 have armouring in order to better withstand the mechanical stresses.
  • annular chambers 9 and 10 are further delimited by annular disks 48 and 49 which are fixed immovably in the axial direction and whose edges which are in contact with the inside of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 are designed as wiping edges. Concentric guidance of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 during their displacement in the axial direction is facilitated via these annular disks 48 and 49, and for this purpose the carrier 6 in FIG Axial direction non-displaceably connected support webs 50 and 51 are provided.
  • annular spaces 52 and 53 For the displacement of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 in the direction of arrow 31, the annular spaces 52 and 53 must of course be relieved, for which purpose relief bores (not shown in FIG. 2) are provided. Between the two parts of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 carrying the annular disks 23 and 24, an annular gap 54 is provided, via which steam can be injected from the cylinder chamber 25 into the outer annular chamber 10 via a bore 55 of the end disk 49.
  • the tubes 29 and 32 are each fixed to the annular disks 48, 51 and 50, which are immovable in the axial direction, and to the end plate of the carrier 6 and have outlets into the corresponding control rooms. This fixing of the tubes 29 and 32 creates a further guide for the sliding movement of the lateral surfaces 7 and 8, which at the same time provides protection against relative rotation of these lateral surfaces 7 and 8 relative to the carrier 6 or the drive shaft 3.
  • the carrier 6 is non-rotatably connected to the shaft 3 via wedges 56.
  • tubular control slide 18 is shown enlarged in an analogous representation as in Fig. 1 and 2.
  • the tubular control spool 18 is driven by a drive arrangement 19 designed as a spindle drive.
  • the control spool 18 has openings 57 in its casing which can be aligned with the radial bore 27 by moving the tubular control spool 18 in the sense of the double arrow 58.
  • the tubular control slide 18 can be supplied with steam via the connection 20 and it can, depending on the position of the tubular slide 18, the independent or common drive of both cylindrical jacket surfaces 7 and 8 take place.
  • the receiving bore 26 extends in the axial direction of the shaft 3, as can be seen from FIG. 2, up to close to the end of the screw conveyor. Via an essentially radial bore 58, steam can also be pressed into the inner annular chamber 9 via this axial bore, so that hydrolysis can also be carried out in this annular chamber.
  • Fig. 4 the screw conveyor already explained in Fig. 1 is shown enlarged.
  • the casing tube 14 passes through a bushing 59 and can thus be held in a rotationally fixed manner relative to the shaft 3.
  • the part of the labyrinth seal 38 connected to the stationary end plate 39 of the housing 2 is designated 60 in FIG. 4, whereas the part of this labyrinth seal 38 which rotates with the end face 34 is designated 61.
  • the rotary drive 22 for the screw conveyor 12 is coupled via a gear with a shaft 62 arranged in the feed hopper 11, which carries distributor vanes 63 for the uniform distribution of the material over the width of the screw conveyor 12.
  • both radial bores 27 and 28 are closed by the tubular control slide 18, so that when the cylinder space 25 is acted upon via the connection 45, both cylindrical lateral surfaces 7 and 8 come into their closed position.
  • dewatering can take place in the inner annular chamber 9 and hydrolyzed in the outer annular chamber 10, the steam required for the hydrolysis being provided via the annular gap 54 and the opening 55 is introduced into the outer annular chamber 10 in the end disk 49.
  • the outer of the two cylindrical jacket surfaces 8 carries on its outside a peeling knife 64 which interacts with the inner wall 65 of the stationary housing 2 when the outer cylindrical jacket surface 8 is displaced and in this way the ensures complete discharge in the direction of the discharge opening 21.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP85890100A 1984-05-02 1985-04-26 Centrifuge à bol plein Withdrawn EP0160637A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0145284A AT387341B (de) 1984-05-02 1984-05-02 Vollmantelzentrifuge
AT1452/84 1984-05-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0160637A2 true EP0160637A2 (fr) 1985-11-06
EP0160637A3 EP0160637A3 (fr) 1987-10-28

Family

ID=3514204

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85890100A Withdrawn EP0160637A3 (fr) 1984-05-02 1985-04-26 Centrifuge à bol plein

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4685899A (fr)
EP (1) EP0160637A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60241953A (fr)
AT (1) AT387341B (fr)
DK (1) DK195885A (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3612919C1 (de) * 1986-04-17 1987-10-29 Westfalia Separator Ag Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit einer mit Feststoffaustragsoeffnungen versehenen Zentrifugentrommel
US9826757B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-11-28 Advance International Inc. Automated method and system for recovering protein powder meal, pure omega 3 oil and purified distilled water from animal tissue

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR351143A (fr) * 1904-02-16 1905-07-04 Gustav Ter Meer Machine à essorer avec organes d'évacuation à ouverture temporaire et surfaces tamisantes disposées dans le tambour
GB257422A (en) * 1925-10-01 1926-09-02 Robert Alexander Sturgeon Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separating machines
US2138476A (en) * 1937-11-15 1938-11-29 Sharples Specialty Co Centrifugal separation
US3244362A (en) * 1959-06-24 1966-04-05 George N Hein Centrifuging apparatus and fractionating system
CH436132A (de) * 1962-05-19 1967-05-15 Mueller Hans Zentrifuge
DE2228509A1 (de) * 1972-06-12 1974-01-03 Flottweg Werk Bruckmayer Zentrifugentrommel mit verschleissgeschuetzten austragsoeffnungen
FR2298759A1 (fr) * 1975-01-23 1976-08-20 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Dispositif de protection contre l'eclatement de rotors a haute vitesse

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US965558A (en) * 1905-11-07 1910-07-26 John J Berrigan Centrifugal separator.
US968327A (en) * 1910-01-13 1910-08-23 Harry C Christianson Method of sugar manufacture.
DE438904C (de) * 1925-03-12 1926-12-29 Gustav Ter Meer Dr Ing Ununterbrochen arbeitende Schleudermaschine mit feststehendem Abstreifboden und achsial beweglichem Trommelmantel
US2199848A (en) * 1931-08-14 1940-05-07 Tandy A Bryson Centrifugal mechanism
DE2724449A1 (de) * 1977-05-31 1978-12-14 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Zentrifuge, insbesondere vollmantel- schneckenzentrifuge, zur trennung der festen phase von der fluessigen phase eines feststoff-fluessigkeitsgemisches
US4468215A (en) * 1981-06-19 1984-08-28 Otto Wimmer Centrifuge

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR351143A (fr) * 1904-02-16 1905-07-04 Gustav Ter Meer Machine à essorer avec organes d'évacuation à ouverture temporaire et surfaces tamisantes disposées dans le tambour
GB257422A (en) * 1925-10-01 1926-09-02 Robert Alexander Sturgeon Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separating machines
US2138476A (en) * 1937-11-15 1938-11-29 Sharples Specialty Co Centrifugal separation
US3244362A (en) * 1959-06-24 1966-04-05 George N Hein Centrifuging apparatus and fractionating system
CH436132A (de) * 1962-05-19 1967-05-15 Mueller Hans Zentrifuge
DE2228509A1 (de) * 1972-06-12 1974-01-03 Flottweg Werk Bruckmayer Zentrifugentrommel mit verschleissgeschuetzten austragsoeffnungen
FR2298759A1 (fr) * 1975-01-23 1976-08-20 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Dispositif de protection contre l'eclatement de rotors a haute vitesse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT387341B (de) 1989-01-10
ATA145284A (de) 1988-06-15
DK195885D0 (da) 1985-05-01
EP0160637A3 (fr) 1987-10-28
JPS60241953A (ja) 1985-11-30
US4685899A (en) 1987-08-11
DK195885A (da) 1985-11-03

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