EP0158038B1 - Fog generator - Google Patents
Fog generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0158038B1 EP0158038B1 EP85101515A EP85101515A EP0158038B1 EP 0158038 B1 EP0158038 B1 EP 0158038B1 EP 85101515 A EP85101515 A EP 85101515A EP 85101515 A EP85101515 A EP 85101515A EP 0158038 B1 EP0158038 B1 EP 0158038B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fog
- generator
- liquid
- generator according
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009688 liquid atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63J—DEVICES FOR THEATRES, CIRCUSES, OR THE LIKE; CONJURING APPLIANCES OR THE LIKE
- A63J5/00—Auxiliaries for producing special effects on stages, or in circuses or arenas
- A63J5/02—Arrangements for making stage effects; Auxiliary stage appliances
- A63J5/025—Devices for making mist or smoke effects, e.g. with liquid air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0615—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced at the free surface of the liquid or other fluent material in a container and subjected to the vibrations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a preferably portable fog generator for displaying and / or amplifying optical effects according to the preamble of the main claim.
- Mist generators for creating optical effects are used in discotheques, theaters, bars and on stages, whereby to generate the mist, either pieces of dry ice are immersed in hot water or aliphatic oils are evaporated by heating and then quickly condensed by mixing with cold air. With such fog generators, a lengthy heating-up process is required, and it cannot be avoided that liquid separation takes place on walls, floors, ceilings and other objects in the environment by condensation of the aerosols. If dry ice is used, there is an uncomfortable cooling of the air layers near the ground and a considerable CO 2 enrichment of the air. If aliphatic oils are used, hot and often flammable aerosols are formed, the condensate of which promotes the rapid spread of fire in the event of a fire.
- a mist generator is known from the generic DE-A-3126952, in which an aqueous hygroscopic solution is evaporated and condensed instead of the aliphatic oils.
- This known arrangement has the disadvantage that long heating-up times are also required, and that the hygroscopic aqueous solution brings about a reduction in the atmospheric humidity, which may be harmful to health, while at the same time causing odors, and that these aerosols often contain substances which are harmful to health.
- the invention has for its object to provide a fog generator that immediately after switching on, ie. H. quickly, large amounts of an effect mist that has a strong light-scattering effect, but this mist contains no harmful substances, is not flammable and condenses less on objects in the vicinity of the generator than before.
- the interaction of the features of the main claim has the effect that the required dense fog structure can be achieved with several and simultaneously operated ultrasonic transducers.
- Operating these ultrasonic transducers leads to high power loss in the high-frequency generator.
- the generation of ultrasonic vibrations is coupled with the simultaneous generation of so-called power losses, with the best electronic equipment available today the power loss is still 40% and is converted into heat. This heat must be dissipated effectively.
- the shielding of the high-frequency generators is necessary in order to avoid influencing the ultrasonic transducers with one another.
- the electrically highly conductive shield leads to a heat department, which is important given the high power loss of the high-frequency generator.
- an aerosol generator which is intended for medical purposes, for example to treat throat or pneumonia.
- This well-known aerosol generator works with ultrasound generators, but here it is not necessary to create a dense mist, but only liquid to be converted into an aerosol, but not into a highly light-scattering mist, and this mist should not be generated quickly and in large quantities but must be tailored to the patient's breathing ability.
- This known arrangement could therefore contribute nothing to achieving the object on which the invention is based.
- each ultrasound transducer is assigned its own high-frequency generator that is matched to it ensures that each ultrasound transducer works independently and with optimum performance and that the others remain functional in the event of an electrical fault in a high-frequency generator.
- the ultrasonic transducers are fastened to the cloud chamber floor by elastic parts means that the ultrasound transducers are only slightly damped by their holder and that only a small part of their vibrational energy reaches the cloud chamber floor. As a result, the generated ultrasound energy can be transferred to the liquid without major losses, so that the generator is effective.
- the surfaces of the ultrasonic transducers can apply high-frequency vibrations to the liquid that is always present in the cloud chamber. This reduces the shielding problems.
- the housing walls of the high-frequency generators from good electrically conductive material, preferably from aluminum, for the purpose of good electrical radio interference suppression.
- Aluminum is particularly suitable here, since it is relatively inexpensive, easy to process and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.
- the liquid height above the ultrasound-emitting surfaces of the ultrasound transducers is advantageously continuously adjusted to at least 0.1 mm during operation by means of suitable regulating devices which act on the liquid pump.
- suitable control devices can, for example, be sensors, light barriers or switches triggered by floats, which act directly or indirectly on the liquid pump, and thus adjust the liquid level in the cloud chamber in such a way that the above-mentioned condition is met. So that will ensures that there is always enough liquid available for atomization and that the ultrasonic transducers run dry and thus prevent their damage.
- the angle between the ultrasound-emitting surfaces of the ultrasound transducers and the surface of the liquid resting in the cloud chamber is less than 90 °, preferably parallel to one another. This arrangement of the ultrasonic transducer surfaces ensures that an optimal efficiency of the liquid atomization is achieved.
- the bottom of the fog chamber is designed as a collecting container for the liquid to be atomized and opens into an outlet at the lowest point.
- This embodiment of the invention can be used for transport purposes, e.g. B. by reversing the polarity of the pump, the entire liquid can be emptied from the cloud chamber into an outside tank. This prevents liquid from leaking out of the generator during transport.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in preferably using a self-priming liquid pump as the pump of the generator.
- a self-priming liquid pump as the pump of the generator.
- an easily transportable and refillable external tank can be used as the liquid supply, which is connected to the pump on the suction side via a corresponding liquid channel.
- a filter is preferably attached to at least one point in the liquid channel, preferably at the end that lies outside the generator housing.
- This filter can e.g. B. be designed as an immersion filter, which is inserted into an external tank and prevents contaminants from entering the liquid channels, the pump or the cloud chamber. This avoids unnecessary contamination of the cloud chamber and, at the same time, potential causes of faults.
- Dust filters are arranged in the area of the air inlet openings of the blowers. This prevents dust or dirt particles from getting into the generator and in particular into the fog chamber, otherwise the function of the ultrasonic transducers or the sensors for controlling and monitoring the liquid level could be impaired.
- FIG. 1 there is a mist generator for generating liquid mist by means of several ultrasound sources from a mist chamber 1, the mist chamber floor 17 of which is designed as a collecting container for the liquid 7 to be nebulized, and which has an outlet 18 at its lowest point, which opens into a liquid channel 4 .
- the liquid channel 4 is connected to a pump 3, which pumps the liquid to be atomized from an external liquid tank into the fog chamber 1 via a liquid channel 5 and liquid filter 19.
- the fog chamber floor 17 is designed in such a way that openings are provided at several points, in which ultrasonic transducers 6 are installed by means of suitable elastic connecting parts 12.
- the elastic parts 12 simultaneously seal the fog chamber floor 17 against the ultrasound-emitting surface 15, so that no liquid 7 can escape here.
- the surfaces 15 of the ultrasonic transducers 6 are arranged in such a way that they are constantly wetted by the liquid 7 and are aligned parallel to the stationary liquid surface 16.
- the ultrasound-emitting surfaces 15 are preferably arranged horizontally, while the fog chamber floor 17 has a slight slope in the direction of the outlet 18.
- two sensors 20 and 21 are located in the fog chamber 1, for example on a side wall of the fog generator.
- the sensor 20 serves to control the pump 3 in order to regulate the level of the liquid 7 in the fog chamber 1.
- the sensor 21 switches off high-frequency generators 11 and at the same time triggers optical or acoustic signal generators 22 and 23.
- a blower 8 which is preferably arranged in the upper region of the fog chamber 1, sucks through a dust filter 30 through corresponding openings in the generator housing 10 from the outside and generates an air flow. Arrow tung.
- the air mixes in the cloud chamber 1 with the liquid 7 atomized by the ultrasonic transducers 6, an aerosol being formed which, when flowing through the droplet separator 24, is freed of coarse droplets and liquid splashes at its obstacles 26, 27, 28 and then by the fog generator leaves a blow-out duct 2.
- the bottom 25 of the droplet separator 24 and the bottom 29 of the blow-out chute 2 have a slight slope in the direction of the fog chamber 1 so that separated liquid can flow back to the fog chamber 1.
- the obstacle 27 of the droplet separator 24 is provided with holes 33 to allow the liquid to return.
- a second blower 9 is arranged in the lower part of the fog generator, which draws in fresh air through a dust filter 31 and through openings in the rear wall of the fog generator, which serves to cool the electrical components, in particular the high-frequency generators 11, the ultrasonic transducers 6 and the pump 3.
- the air flow heated in the process leaves the generator through outlet openings 32 arranged in the side walls.
- the high-frequency generators 11 work simultaneously in the operating state and supply the ultrasonic transducers 6 with high-frequency alternating current.
- the ultrasonic transducers 6 convert this alternating current into mechanical vibrations, which are transmitted from the sound-emitting surfaces 15 to the liquid 7. Due to the effect of the ultrasonic vibrations, the liquid 7 is atomized into the finest droplets on the surface 16. Above the liquid surface 16, the liquid droplets mix in the cloud chamber 1 with the air which is always present there.
- the aerosol thus produced is transported out of the mist generator by the air flow generated by the blower 8 after passing through the droplet separator 24 through the outlet shaft 2.
- the fog chamber floor 17 is also a wall of a high-frequency generator 13.
- the ultrasonic transducers are accommodated in the housing 14 in such a way that the sound-emitting surfaces 15 are located in corresponding recesses in the cloud chamber floor 17.
- the sound-emitting parts of the ultrasonic transducers are held and sealed by elastic parts 1.2.
- the elastic parts 12 prevent liquid from penetrating into the high-frequency generator 13 and the ultrasonic energy from being diverted into the cloud chamber floor 17.
- the interior of a housing 14 also contains the ultrasound transducers (not shown) with their sound-emitting surfaces 15, which convert the alternating electrical currents into mechanical vibrations.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen vorzugsweise tragbaren Nebelgenerator zur Darstellung und/oder Verstärkung von optischen Effekten gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a preferably portable fog generator for displaying and / or amplifying optical effects according to the preamble of the main claim.
Nebelgeneratoren zur Erzeugung optischer Effekte werden in Discotheken, Theatern, Bars und auf Bühnen eingesetzt, wobei zur Erzeugung des Nebels entweder Trockeneisstücke in heisses Wasser getaucht werden oder aliphatische Öle durch Erhitzen verdampft und anschliessend durch Mischen mit Kaltluft schnell kondensiert werden. Bei derartigen Nebelgeneratoren ist ein langwieriger Aufheizvorgang erforderlich, und es kann nicht vermieden werden, dass an Wänden, Fussböden, Decken und sonstigen Gegenständen der Umgebung Flüssigkeitsabscheidungen durch Kondensation der Aerosole erfolgen. Wird Trockeneis verwendet, tritt eine unangenehme Abkühlung der Luftschichten in Bodennähe und eine beträchtliche CO2-Anreicherung der Luft ein. Werden aliphatische Öle verwendet, entstehen heisse und oft auch brennbare Aerosole, deren Kondensat im Brandfall die schnelle Ausbreitung des Feuers fördert.Mist generators for creating optical effects are used in discotheques, theaters, bars and on stages, whereby to generate the mist, either pieces of dry ice are immersed in hot water or aliphatic oils are evaporated by heating and then quickly condensed by mixing with cold air. With such fog generators, a lengthy heating-up process is required, and it cannot be avoided that liquid separation takes place on walls, floors, ceilings and other objects in the environment by condensation of the aerosols. If dry ice is used, there is an uncomfortable cooling of the air layers near the ground and a considerable CO 2 enrichment of the air. If aliphatic oils are used, hot and often flammable aerosols are formed, the condensate of which promotes the rapid spread of fire in the event of a fire.
Aus der gattungsbildenden DE-A-3126952 ist ein Nebelgenerator bekannt, bei welchem anstelle der aliphatischen Öle eine wässrige hygroskopische Lösung verdampft und kondensiert wird. Diese bekannte Anordnung hat den Nachteil, dass ebenfalls lange Anheizzeiten erforderlich sind und dass die hygroskopische wässrige Lösung eine unter Umständen gesundheitsschädliche Reduktion der Luftfeuchtigkeit bei gleichzeitiger Geruchsbelästigung bewirkt und dass diese Aerosole vielfach gesundheitsschädliche Substanzen enthalten.A mist generator is known from the generic DE-A-3126952, in which an aqueous hygroscopic solution is evaporated and condensed instead of the aliphatic oils. This known arrangement has the disadvantage that long heating-up times are also required, and that the hygroscopic aqueous solution brings about a reduction in the atmospheric humidity, which may be harmful to health, while at the same time causing odors, and that these aerosols often contain substances which are harmful to health.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Nebelgenerator zu schaffen, der unmittelbar nach dem Einschalten, d. h. schnell, grosse Mengen eines Effektnebels erzeugt, der eine stark lichtstreuende Wirkung hat, wobei aber dieser Nebel keine gesundheitsschädlichen Stoffe enthält, nicht entflammbar ist und an Gegenständen in der Umgebung des Gernerators weniger als bisher kondensiert.The invention has for its object to provide a fog generator that immediately after switching on, ie. H. quickly, large amounts of an effect mist that has a strong light-scattering effect, but this mist contains no harmful substances, is not flammable and condenses less on objects in the vicinity of the generator than before.
Diese der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird durch die Lehre des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Hauptanspruches gelöst.This object on which the invention is based is achieved by the teaching of the characterizing part of the main claim.
Das Zusammenwirken der Merkmale des Hauptanspruches bewirkt, dass mit mehreren und gleichzeitig betriebenen Ultraschallwandlern die erforderliche dichte Nebelstruktur erzielbar ist. Das Betreiben dieser Ultraschallwandler führt dazu, dass eine hohe Verlustleistung im Hochfrequenzgenerator eintritt. Die Erzeugung von Ultraschallschwingungen ist mit gleichzeitiger Erzeugung sogenannter Verlustleistungen gekoppelt, wobei bei der heute zur Verfügung stehenden besten elektronischen Ausrüstung die Verlustleistung immer noch 40% beträgt und in Wärme umgesetzt wird. Diese Wärme muss wirksam abgeführt werden. Die Abschirmung der Hochfrequenzgeneratoren ist erforderlich, um eine Beeinflussung der Ultraschallwandler untereinander zu vermeiden. Ausserdem führt die elektrisch gut leitende Abschirmung zu einer Wärmeabteilung, die bei der hohen Verlustleistung des Hochfrequenzgenerators von Bedeutung ist.The interaction of the features of the main claim has the effect that the required dense fog structure can be achieved with several and simultaneously operated ultrasonic transducers. Operating these ultrasonic transducers leads to high power loss in the high-frequency generator. The generation of ultrasonic vibrations is coupled with the simultaneous generation of so-called power losses, with the best electronic equipment available today the power loss is still 40% and is converted into heat. This heat must be dissipated effectively. The shielding of the high-frequency generators is necessary in order to avoid influencing the ultrasonic transducers with one another. In addition, the electrically highly conductive shield leads to a heat department, which is important given the high power loss of the high-frequency generator.
Aus der US-A-3469785 ist ein Aerosolerzeuger bekannt, der für medizinische Zwecke bestimmt ist, beispielsweise um Hals- oder Lungenentzündungen zu behandeln. Dieser bekannt Aerosolerzeuger arbeitet mit Ultraschallgeneratoren, aber hier ist es nicht notwendig, einen dichten Nebel zu erzeugen, sondern hier soll nur Flüssigkeit in ein Aerosol umgewandelt werden, nicht aber in einen stark lichtstreuenden Nebel, und dieser Nebel soll nicht schnell und in grossen Mengen erzeugt werden, sondern er muss auf das Atmungsvermögen des Patienten abgestimmt sein. Diese bekannte Anordnung konnte daher zur Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe nichts beitragen.From US-A-3469785 an aerosol generator is known, which is intended for medical purposes, for example to treat throat or pneumonia. This well-known aerosol generator works with ultrasound generators, but here it is not necessary to create a dense mist, but only liquid to be converted into an aerosol, but not into a highly light-scattering mist, and this mist should not be generated quickly and in large quantities but must be tailored to the patient's breathing ability. This known arrangement could therefore contribute nothing to achieving the object on which the invention is based.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen erläutert.Advantageous configurations are explained in the subclaims.
So wird dadurch, dass jedem Ultraschallwandler ein eigener, auf ihn abgestimmter Hochfrequenzgenerator zugeordnet ist, erreicht, dass jeder Ultraschallwandler unabhängig und mit optimaler Leistung arbeitet und dass bei einer elektrischen Störung eines Hochfrequenzgenerators die übrigen weiter funktionsfähig bleiben.The fact that each ultrasound transducer is assigned its own high-frequency generator that is matched to it ensures that each ultrasound transducer works independently and with optimum performance and that the others remain functional in the event of an electrical fault in a high-frequency generator.
Dadurch, dass die Ultraschallwandler durch elastische Teile am Nebelkammerboden befestigt sind, wird erreicht, dass die Ultraschallwandler nur wenig von ihrer Halterung gedämpft werden, und dass nur ein kleiner Teil ihrer Schwingungsenergie in den Nebelkammerboden gelangt. Hierdurch kann die erzeugte Ultraschallenergie ohne grosse Verluste auf die Flüssigkeit übertragen werden, so dass eine gute Effektivität des Generators erreicht wird.The fact that the ultrasonic transducers are fastened to the cloud chamber floor by elastic parts means that the ultrasound transducers are only slightly damped by their holder and that only a small part of their vibrational energy reaches the cloud chamber floor. As a result, the generated ultrasound energy can be transferred to the liquid without major losses, so that the generator is effective.
Wenn mindestens eine Gehäusewand des Hochfrequenzgenerators gleichzeitig Teil des Nebelkammerbodens ist, können die Oberflächen der Ultraschallwandler, die in der Nebelkammer stets vorhandene Flüssigkeit mit Schwingungen hoher Frequenz beaufschlagen. Hierdurch verringern sich die Abschirmungsprobleme.If at least one housing wall of the high-frequency generator is at the same time part of the bottom of the cloud chamber, the surfaces of the ultrasonic transducers can apply high-frequency vibrations to the liquid that is always present in the cloud chamber. This reduces the shielding problems.
Es ist vorteilhaft, die Gehäusewände der Hochfrequenzgeneratoren zum Zwecke einer guten elektrischen Funkentstörung aus elektrisch gut leitendem Material, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium, zu bauen. Aluminium bietet sich hier besonders an, da es relativ preiswert, gut zu verarbeiten und sowohl elektrisch als auch thermisch gut leitfähig ist. Vorteilhafterweise wird die Flüssigkeitshöhe über den Ultraschall emittierenden Oberflächen der Ultraschallwandler durch geeignete Regeleinrichtungen, die auf die Flüssigkeitspumpe wirken, während des Betriebes ständig auf mindestens 0,1 mm eingestellt. Als geeignete Regeleinrichtungen können beispielsweise Sensoren, Lichtschranken oder durch Schwimmer ausgelöste Schalter dienen, die direkt oder indirekt auf die Flüssigkeitspumpe wirken, und damit die Flüssigkeitshöhe in der Nebelkammer derart einstellen, dass die o. g. Bedingung erfüllt wird. Damit wird erreicht, dass ständig genügend Flüssigkeit zur Zerstäubung bereitsteht, und dass ein Trockenlaufen der Ultraschallwandler und somit deren Beschädigung vermieden wird.It is advantageous to build the housing walls of the high-frequency generators from good electrically conductive material, preferably from aluminum, for the purpose of good electrical radio interference suppression. Aluminum is particularly suitable here, since it is relatively inexpensive, easy to process and has good electrical and thermal conductivity. The liquid height above the ultrasound-emitting surfaces of the ultrasound transducers is advantageously continuously adjusted to at least 0.1 mm during operation by means of suitable regulating devices which act on the liquid pump. Suitable control devices can, for example, be sensors, light barriers or switches triggered by floats, which act directly or indirectly on the liquid pump, and thus adjust the liquid level in the cloud chamber in such a way that the above-mentioned condition is met. So that will ensures that there is always enough liquid available for atomization and that the ultrasonic transducers run dry and thus prevent their damage.
Der Winkel zwischen den Ultraschall emittierenden Oberflächen der Ultraschallwandler und der Oberfläche der in der Nebelkammer ruhenden Flüssigkeit ist kleiner als 90°, vorzugsweise parallel zueinander. Diese Anordnung der Ultraschallwandleroberflächen gewährleistet, dass ein optimaler Wirkungsgrad der Flüssigkeitszerstäubung erreicht wird.The angle between the ultrasound-emitting surfaces of the ultrasound transducers and the surface of the liquid resting in the cloud chamber is less than 90 °, preferably parallel to one another. This arrangement of the ultrasonic transducer surfaces ensures that an optimal efficiency of the liquid atomization is achieved.
Der Boden der Nebelkammer ist als Sammelbehälter für die zu vernebelnde Flüssigkeit ausgebildet und mündet an der niedrigsten Stelle in einen Auslauf. Der Vorteil dieser Ausgestaltung besteht darin, dass die in der Nebelkammer während des Betriebes ständig anfallenden Flüssigkeitsspritzer und Kondensattropfen zurück zu den Ultraschallwandlern des Nebelgenerators fliessen und dort erneut ohne Verluste zerstäubt werden können.The bottom of the fog chamber is designed as a collecting container for the liquid to be atomized and opens into an outlet at the lowest point. The advantage of this configuration is that the liquid splashes and condensate drops that constantly occur in the fog chamber during operation flow back to the ultrasonic transducers of the fog generator and can be atomized there again without losses.
Daneben ist es vorteilhaft, einen von einer Pumpe kommenden Flüssigkeitskanal an der niedrigsten Stelle des Nebelkammerbodens in die Bebelkammer einmünden zu lassen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann zu Transportzwekken, z. B. durch Umpolen der Pumpe, die gesamte Flüssigkeit aus der Nebelkammer in einen Aussentank entleert werden. Damit wird vermieden, dass während eines Transports Flüssigkeit aus dem Generator auslaufen könnte.In addition, it is advantageous to have a liquid channel coming from a pump open into the fog chamber at the lowest point of the cloud chamber floor. This embodiment of the invention can be used for transport purposes, e.g. B. by reversing the polarity of the pump, the entire liquid can be emptied from the cloud chamber into an outside tank. This prevents liquid from leaking out of the generator during transport.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung besteht darin, als Pumpe des Generators vorzugsweise eine selbstansaugende Flüssigkeitspumpe einzusetzen. Dadurch kann ein leicht transportabler und nachfüllbarer externer Tank als Flüssigkeitsvorrat verwendet werden, der über einen entsprechenden Flüssigkeitskanal saugseitig mit der Pumpe verbunden wird.A further advantageous embodiment consists in preferably using a self-priming liquid pump as the pump of the generator. As a result, an easily transportable and refillable external tank can be used as the liquid supply, which is connected to the pump on the suction side via a corresponding liquid channel.
Vorzugsweise ist an mindestens einer Stelle im Flüssigkeitskanal ein Filter angebracht, vorzugsweise an dem Ende, das ausserhalb des Generatorgehäuses liegt. Dieser Filter kann z. B. als Tauchfilter ausgebildet sein, der in einen externen Tank eingeführt wird und verhindert, dass Verunreinigungen in die Flüssigkeitskanäle, die Pumpe oder die Nebelkammer gelangen. Damit werden unnötige Verschmutzungen der Nebelkammer und gleichzeitig potentielle Störungsursachen vermieden.A filter is preferably attached to at least one point in the liquid channel, preferably at the end that lies outside the generator housing. This filter can e.g. B. be designed as an immersion filter, which is inserted into an external tank and prevents contaminants from entering the liquid channels, the pump or the cloud chamber. This avoids unnecessary contamination of the cloud chamber and, at the same time, potential causes of faults.
Im Bereich der Lufteintrittsöffnungen der Gebläse sind Staubfilter angeordnet. Damit wird vermieden, dass Staub oder Schmutzpartikel in den Generator und insbesondere in die Nebelkammer gelangen, sonst könnte gegebenenfalls die Funktion der Ultraschallwandler oder der Sensoren zur Steuerung und Überwachung des Flüssigkeitsstandes beeinträchtigt werden.Dust filters are arranged in the area of the air inlet openings of the blowers. This prevents dust or dirt particles from getting into the generator and in particular into the fog chamber, otherwise the function of the ultrasonic transducers or the sensors for controlling and monitoring the liquid level could be impaired.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, dem in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 15 erläuterten Nebelgenerator einen zweiten Nebelgenerator zuzuordnen, der durch Verdampfen einer Nebelflüssigkeit auf Ölbasis oder Glykolwasserbasis unter Einsatz von Wärme einen Effektnebel erzeugt, wobei die beiden Bebelarten ineinander eingeführt und gemischt werden. Hierdurch wird der dichte, schnell zu erzeugende ungefährliche Nebel stabilisiert, indem ihm ein kleiner Anteil eines Nebels zugemischt wird, der durch Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit auf Ölbasis oder Glykolwasserbasis erzielt wird.Furthermore, it is proposed to assign a second fog generator to the fog generator explained in
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen nachfolgend erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in
- Fig. eine schematische Darstellung der funktionell zusammenwirkenden Bauteile eines Nebelgenerators und in
- Fig.2 schematisch einen Teil eines Nebelkammerbodens, der gleichzeitig Teil eines Hochfrequenzgenerators ist.
- Fig. A schematic representation of the functionally interacting components of a fog generator and in
- Fig.2 schematically shows a part of a cloud chamber floor, which is also part of a high frequency generator.
Gemäss Fig.1 besteht ein Nebelgenerator zur Erzeugung von Flüssigkeitsnebel mittels mehrerer Ultraschallquellen aus einer Nebelkammer 1, deren Nebelkammerboden 17 als Sammelbehälter für die zu vernebelnde Flüssigkeit 7 ausgebildet ist, und die an ihrer niedrigsten Stelle einen Auslauf 18 hat, der in einen Flüssigkeitskanal 4 mündet. Der Flüssigkeitskanal 4 ist mit einer Pumpe 3 verbunden, die über einen Flüssigkeitskanal 5 und Flüssigkeitsfilter 19 die zu vernebelnde Flüssigkeit aus einem externen Flüssigkeitstank in die Nebelkammer 1 pumpt.According to FIG. 1, there is a mist generator for generating liquid mist by means of several ultrasound sources from a
Zur einfacheren Handhabung des Nebelgenerators ist es zweckmässig, als Pumpe 3 eine selbstansaugende Flüssigkeitspumpe zu verwenden, damit die zu vernebelnde Flüssigkeit 7 ohne vorheriges Entlüften des Flüssigkeitskanals 5 in die Nebelkammer 1 gepumpt werden kann. Der Nebelkammerboden 17 ist derart gestaltet, dass an mehreren Stellen Durchbrüche vorhanden sind, in denen Ultraschallwandler 6 mittels geeigneter elastischer Verbindungsteile 12 eingebaut sind. Die elastischen Teile 12 dichten gleichzeitig den Nebelkammerboden 17 gegen die Ultraschall emittierende Oberfläche 15 ab, so dass hier keine Flüssigkeit 7 austreten kann. Dabei sind die Oberflächen 15 der Ultraschallwandler 6 so angeordnet, dass sie ständig von der Flüssigkeit 7 benetzt werden und zu der ruhenden Flüssigkeitsoberfläche 16 parallel ausgerichtet sind.For easier handling of the mist generator, it is expedient to use a self-priming liquid pump as pump 3, so that the liquid 7 to be atomized can be pumped into the
Bei waagrecht aufgestelltem Nebelgenerator sind die Ultraschall emittierenden Oberflächen 15 vorzugsweise horizontal angeordnet, während der Nebelkammerboden 17 ein leichtes Gefälle in Richtung Auslauf 18 aufweist.When the fog generator is installed horizontally, the ultrasound-
Ausserdem befinden sich in der Nebelkammer 1, etwa an einer Seitenwand des Nebelgenerators, zwei Sensoren 20 und 21. Der Sensor 20 dient zur Steuerung der Pumpe 3, um den Stand der Flüssigkeit 7 in der Nebelkammer 1 zu regulieren. Im Störungsfall, d.h. beim Unterschreiten einer Mindestflüssigkeitshöhe, schaltet der Sensor 21 Hochfrequenzgeneratoren 11 ab und löst gleichzeitig optische bzw. akustische Signalgeber 22 und 23 aus.In addition, two
Ein Gebläse 8, das vorzugsweise im oberen Bereich der Nebelkammer 1 angeordnet ist, saugt durch einen Staubfilter 30 dureh--entsprechende Öffnungen im Generatorgehäuse lOJ-uft von aussen an und erzeugt einen Luftstrom. Pfeilrichtung. Die Luft mischt sich dabei in der Nebelkammer 1 mit der durch die Ultraschallwandler 6 zerstäubten Flüssigkeit 7, wobei ein Aerosol entsteht, das beim Durchströmen des Tröpfchenabscheiders 24 an dessen Hindernissen 26, 27, 28 von groben Tröpfchen und Flüssigkeitsspritzern befreit wird und darauf den Nebelgenerator durch einen Ausblasschacht 2 verlässt. Der Boden 25 des Tröpfchenabscheiders 24 und der Boden 29 des Ausblasschachtes 2 haben ein leichtes Gefälle in Richtung Nebelkammer 1, damit abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit zurück zur Nebelkammer 1 fliessen kann. Zu diesem Zweck ist auch das Hindernis 27 des Tröpfchenabscheiders 24 mit Bohrungen 33 versehen, um den Rücklauf der Flüssigkeit zu erlauben.A
Ferner ist im unteren Teil des Nebelgenerators ein zweites Gebläse 9 angeordnet, das durch einen Staubfilter 31 und durch Öffnungen in der Rückwand des Nebelgenerators Frischluft ansaugt, die zur Kühlung der elektrischen Bauteile, insbesondere der Hochfrequenzgeneratoren 11, der Ultraschallwandler 6 und der Pumpe 3 dient. Der dabei erwärmte Luftstrom verlässt den Generator durch in den Seitenwänden angeordnete Austrittsöffnungen 32.Furthermore, a second blower 9 is arranged in the lower part of the fog generator, which draws in fresh air through a
Die Hochfrequenzgeneratoren 11 arbeiten im Betriebszustand gleichzeitig und versorgen die Ultraschallwandler 6 mit hochfrequetem Wechselstrom. Die Ultraschallwandler 6 wandeln diesen Wechselstrom in mechanische Schwingungen um, die von den schallemittierenden Oberflächen 15 auf die Flüssigkeit 7 übertragen werden. Durch die Wirkung der Ultraschallschwingungen wird die Flüssigkeit 7 an der Oberfläche 16 in feinste Tröpfchen zerstäubt. Oberhalb der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche 16 vermischen sich die Flüssigkeitströpfchen in der Nebelkammer 1 mit der dort stets vorhandenen Luft. Das so entstandene Aerosol wird durch die Luftströmung, die das Gebläse 8 erzeugt, nach Passieren des Tröpfchenabscheiders 24 durch den Ausblasschacht 2 aus dem Nebelgenerator transportiert.The high-
Fig.2 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine Ausführungsform, bei welcher der Nebelkammerboden 17 gleichzeitig auch eine Wand eines Hochfrequenzgenerators 13 ist. Dabei sind die Ultraschallwandler derart in dem Gehäuse 14 untergebracht, dass sich die schallemittierenden Oberflächen 15 in entsprechenden Aussparungen des Nebelkammerbodens 17 befinden. Die schallemittierenden Teile der Ultraschallwandler werden durch elastische Teile 1.2 gehaltert und abgedichtet. Die elastischen Teile 12 verhindern, dass Flüssigkeit in den Hochfrequenzgenerator 13 eindringt und dass die Ultraschallenergie in den Nebelkammerboden 17 abgeleitet wird. Im Inneren eines Gehäuses 14 befinden sich bei dieser Ausführungsform neben den elektronischen Bauteilen des Hochfrequenzgenerators (nicht gezeigt) auch die Ultraschallwandler (nicht gezeigt) mit ihren schallemittierenden Oberflächen 15, die die elektrischen Wechselströme in mechanische Schwingungen umwandeln.2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment in which the
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85101515T ATE34677T1 (en) | 1984-02-16 | 1985-02-13 | FOG GENERATOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19848404591 DE8404591U1 (en) | 1984-02-16 | 1984-02-16 | FOG GENERATOR |
DE8404591U | 1984-02-16 | ||
DE3441002 | 1984-11-09 | ||
DE3441002 | 1984-11-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0158038A1 EP0158038A1 (en) | 1985-10-16 |
EP0158038B1 true EP0158038B1 (en) | 1988-06-01 |
Family
ID=25826397
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85101515A Expired EP0158038B1 (en) | 1984-02-16 | 1985-02-13 | Fog generator |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0158038B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3562990D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES8703822A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202004007924U1 (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-10-20 | Waeco International Gmbh | Ultrasonic nebulizer |
WO2008132112A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-06 | Bandit Nv | A fog generator |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3718318A1 (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1988-12-22 | Sueddeutsche Etna Werk Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR POLLUTION- AND RESIDUE-FREE VISIBILIZATION OF FLOWS IN PURE AIR WORKING ROOMS |
GB9412676D0 (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1994-08-10 | Jem Smoke Machine Co | Improvements in or relating to a method of creating an effect |
DE19706698A1 (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-27 | Degussa | Ultrasonic nebulization method and apparatus |
FR2773229A1 (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-02 | Alain Zarudiansky | Improvements to fluid screen devices, used in public, publicity, and spectacle projection systems. |
US7963507B2 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2011-06-21 | Martin Manufacturing (Uk) Plc | Smoke generator |
JP2006036343A (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-09 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Spray sterilizing apparatus |
GB201110906D0 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-08-10 | Amazon Bio Guard Ltd | A portable apparatus for generating and broadcasting an aerosol mist |
AT517497A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | Gerard Tomazetich Mario | Method and device for producing ground fog |
EP3181242A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-21 | Idfc Ag | Ultrasonic fluid dispersal device |
AT519865B1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-11-15 | Mario Gerard Tomazetich | Device for producing effect mist |
WO2022245615A1 (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | Universal City Studios Llc | Steam effect nozzle for entertainment venue |
DE202024000881U1 (en) | 2024-05-06 | 2024-05-24 | Peter Britz | Portable and rechargeable face and skin fan with integrated water tank, ultrasonic atomizer and air fragrancer |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1165905B (en) * | 1961-04-01 | 1964-03-19 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Examination apparatus with ultrasonic aerosols using ultrasonic transducers |
FR1450684A (en) * | 1965-07-07 | 1966-06-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Method and device for generating aerosols from a liquid |
FR1499393A (en) * | 1966-09-13 | 1967-10-27 | Unilever Nv | Method and device for diffusing aerosols at high speed |
US3469785A (en) * | 1967-07-28 | 1969-09-30 | Macrosonics Corp | High frequency ultrasonic fog generator and method |
DE2606037A1 (en) * | 1976-02-14 | 1977-08-18 | Hirtz | Aerosol producer with ultrasonic atomiser - has fluid container in holder acting as lid for coupling fluid container which forms lid of main housing |
-
1985
- 1985-02-13 DE DE8585101515T patent/DE3562990D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-13 EP EP85101515A patent/EP0158038B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-15 ES ES540481A patent/ES8703822A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202004007924U1 (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-10-20 | Waeco International Gmbh | Ultrasonic nebulizer |
WO2008132112A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-06 | Bandit Nv | A fog generator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3562990D1 (en) | 1988-07-07 |
ES8703822A1 (en) | 1987-03-01 |
ES540481A0 (en) | 1987-03-01 |
EP0158038A1 (en) | 1985-10-16 |
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