EP0157802B1 - Systeme d'etirage pour fils - Google Patents

Systeme d'etirage pour fils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0157802B1
EP0157802B1 EP84903402A EP84903402A EP0157802B1 EP 0157802 B1 EP0157802 B1 EP 0157802B1 EP 84903402 A EP84903402 A EP 84903402A EP 84903402 A EP84903402 A EP 84903402A EP 0157802 B1 EP0157802 B1 EP 0157802B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
roll
freely rotatable
heated roll
rotatable heated
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Application number
EP84903402A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0157802A1 (fr
Inventor
Bobby Mal Phillips
Bobby Dean Duncan
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch

Definitions

  • the patent discloses establishing a pretension zone which is designed to draw the yarn slightly, as indicated by the given ratio range, in order to achieve the required pretensioning.
  • the patent indicates alternatively that a thread brake or guide may be used if it can impart uniform and predetermined tension.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,919,748 discloses an apparatus for altering the length of a synthetic continuous filament or yarn strand.
  • the apparatus comprises a first strand feeding means involving a driven feed roll and a separator idler roll; a first heating means in the form of a heated roll connected to and coaxial with the driven feed roll and having a separator idler roll; a second heating means in the form of a heated plate over which the yarn strand slides; a second feeding means in the form of a driven roller and a separator idler roller; and a driven take-up spool. All of the embodiments in the patent, except one, show the "first heating means", which is the heated roll, as being rigidly connected to the first driven feed roll.
  • a "thread guide" 37 is provided between the coaxially aligned driven feed roll and heated roller on one side and the separator idler rollers on the other side which serves to displace the yarn strand from the driven feed roll to the heated roller. Since this is probably a high tension zone, this thread guide in the embodiment of Fig. 4 will tend to damage the yarn strand which will lead to the generation of an excessive number of broken filaments in the yarn. The yarn strand filaments which are directly in contact with the surface of the thread guide 37 will be damaged to the extent that they will break in the subsequent drafting of the yarn strand.
  • Still another object of our invention is to provide a low maintenance drafting system.
  • the predetermined temperature for the surface of the freely rotatable heated roll will be about 80°C to about 120°C, and the temperature for the device for thermally stabilized the yarn is such that the yarn temperature is about 120°C to about 220°C as it leaves the thermally stabilizing device.
  • Fig. 3 which represents the proposed drafting system 54 of the present invention
  • the yarn 56 is shown being guided over yarn guides 58 and 60 to a nonheated godet roll 62 and its adjacent separator roll 64.
  • the yarn then passes to a low friction freely rotatable heated roll 66 and its adjacent separator roll 68 to be wrapped a plurality of times therearound before passing to the nonheated godet roll or output roll 70 and its adjacent separator roll 72 to be forwarded to a winder (not shown).
  • the steady state resistance to turning of the freely rotatable heated rolt plus the separator roll as measured by stress on the yarn being drafted, must be no more than 2.25 grams/Tex (drafted yarn) and' preferably is ⁇ 1.35 grams/Tex (drafted yarn).
  • the steady state resistance to turning has two components: (1) bearing resistance and (2) air drag, with air drag being more sensitive to operating speed.
  • the start-up resistance which is primarily the inertia of the freely rotatable heated roll is no more than or and is preferably approximately or as obtained from the equation wherein
  • the coefficient of friction between the yarn and the surface of the freely rotatable heated roll is greater than 0.57, and is preferably in the range of 0.75 to 0.95.
  • the capstan equation is well-known, but will be mentioned here as being wherein
  • the high coefficient of friction insures that the yarn will not slide on the freely rotatable heated roll during the first wrap and thereby undesirably initiate a kind of two-stage drafting. This also helps increase the torque at start-up which minimizes the time for the freely rotatable heated roll to accelerate to steady state.
  • the separator roll should be located at a position relative to the freely rotatable heated roll and relative to the direction of the path of the yarn movement such that the angle of contact with the surface of the freely rotatable roll is ⁇ 30° on the first wrap and is ⁇ 30° on the last wrap before the yarn leaves the freely rotatable heated roll.
  • the separator roll is located at a position relative to the freely rotatable heated roll and relative to the direction of the path of yarn movement so as to be either within the angular specification designated as shown in Fig. 4a of the drawings (note path of yarn 56 in Fig. 4a), or so as to be within quadrant "a", as shown in Fig. 4b of the drawings (note path of yarn 56 in Fig. 4b).
  • the reason for the yarn being in quadrant "a" in Fig. 4b, for example, is that the yarn has a longer contact with the heated roll on the last wrap and thereby helps insure that no drafting will take place before the yarn leaves the freely rotatable heated roll.
  • the distance between the separator roll and the freely rotatable heated roll should be minimized with about one (1) to two (2) inches (2.54 centimeters to 5 centimeters) being reasonable.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,053,277 discloses a heated air bearing that in principle would be suitable for practice of the present inveniton. Although there is no disclosure in the patent where the thermocouple would be positioned to assure predetermined surface temperatures, we would suggest employing a thermocouple internally of the roll with its probe being positioned just beneath the surface of the roll such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,879,594 or Patent No. 3,296,418, for example. Air bearings or rolls are also shown in U.S. Patents No. 4,013,326, No. 3,753,517, and No. 3,560,066. Ball bearing rolls may also be used and are conventional in the art, such as shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,296,418. The design of such roll, however, must be of very low friction.
  • the freely rotatable heated roll 66 (Fig. 3) in our invention is wrapped with sufficient wraps to ensure heating of the yarn to approximately the surface temperature of the heated roll. Drafting of the yarn 56 takes place near the point where the yarn leaves the heated roll 66 for the last time on its way toward the output roll 70.
  • the output roll may be constructed in the same manner as the input roll, thus costs will be minimized and such construction will be simplified because the godet rolls shown do not require heating; thus maintenance will be reduced as compared to maintenance required for heated godet rolls. Obviously, the latter statement will only be partially true if the thermally stabilizing device should be incorporated in the output roll to make it in effect a heated godet roll.
  • a drafting system including a heated godet roll having a 0.5 meter circumference and a pinch roll such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,539,680 and illustrated in Fig. 1; (2) the same drafting system as in (1) except the pinch roll was removed (not shown in the drawings); (3) a drafting system including a stationary 40 millimeter diameter heated stationary pin having a flame-coated ceramic surface, such as disclosed in Fig. 2; (4) the same drafting system as in (3) except that a stationary 80 millimeter diameter heated stationary pin was used; (5) a drafting system including a 70 millimeter diameter freely rotatable heated roll was used, such as is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • a polyester from polyethylene ferephthalate polymer
  • POY partially oriented yarn
  • the numbers shown in the tables below are highly dependent upon the quality of the polymer from which the yarns were spun and the spinning process from which they were made. Thus the true significance of these numbers is determined only by looking at the relative values among the systems as opposed to the absolute numbers. As noted in the tables, no post stabilization device was used in obtaining the results shown in the tables.
  • Table 1 shows the Uster uniformity and broken filament results from the different drafting systems and the conditions evaluated using a partially oriented yarn (POY) of polyester (30 Tex/30 filaments from polyethylene terephthalate).
  • POY partially oriented yarn
  • Table 2 shows the Uster uniformity and broken filament results at various numbers of wraps on the surface of the 70 millimeter diameter heated air bearing or heated roll. Optimum drafting conditions for various POY yarns using the 70 millimeter diameter heated air bearing are shown in Fig. 3.
  • the number of wraps on the heated air bearing was found to be an important variable as shown in Table 2.
  • the optimum number of wraps was found to be eight for a drafting speed of 1000 meters per minute, draw ratio of 1.55x and a set point of the heated air bearing of 150°C. Increasing the number of wraps above eight did not appear to lower the Uster uniformity or the broken filament level.
  • Table 2 is the draw tension before and after the heated air bearing as a function of the number of wraps. For the above conditions and eight wraps, the tension before the heated air bearing or the pretension was found to be about 42 grams with the tension after the heated air bearing being about 100 grams. Obviously, this particular combination of yarn, number of wraps, speed, etc., causes an unusually large drag to exist on the heated roll.
  • Another freely rotatable heated roll was constructed using ball bearings.
  • the diameter of the roll was 70 mm and its Wk 2 was also 0.0045 Ibsxft 2 .
  • the surface was plasma coated ceramic with a coefficient of friction of 0.29. When running a temperature series on the roll, an unusual phenomenon was observed.
  • the feed yarn was 25 (15.55)/25 polyester POY.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Système d'étirage (54) pour des fils textiles (56), comprenant un cylindre d'alimentation entraîné (62), un cylindre de sortie entraîné (70), un cylindre chauffé rotatif de faible friction (66) situé entre le cylindre d'alimentation entraîné (62) et le cylindre de sortie entraîné (70) et fonctionnant sensiblement à la même vitesse linéaire que le cylindre d'alimentation entraîné, le cylindre chauffé tournant librement étant entraîné par engagement avec le fil de sorte qu'une tension de fil suffisante est transférée automatiquement en amont du cylindre chauffé à rotation libre pour effectuer une prétension du fil avant que celui-ci n'entre en contact avec le cylindre chauffé à rotation libre. L'étirage a lieu à proximité du point où le fil quitte le cylindre chauffé à rotation libre pour passer vers le cylindre de sortie entraîné.

Claims (13)

1. Dispositif d'étirage de fil comprenant l'un mécanisme d'alimentation pour fournir le fil à une première vitesse déterminée, 2) un mécanisme d'extraction pour entraîner le fil à une seconde vitesse déterminée supérieure à ladite première vitesse, 3) un rouleau chauffant libre en rotation, situé entre le mécanisme d'alimentation et le mécanisme d'extraction, présentant un faible coefficient de frottement et dont la surface est chauffée à une température déterminée, et 4) un rouleau séparateur situé au voisinage dudit rouleau chauffant, dispositif dans lequel, d'une part, le fil est enroulé plusieurs fois autour de l'ensemble formé par le rouleau chauffant et le rouleau séparateur et, d'autre part, la vitesse tangentielle à la surface dudit rouleau chauffant est un peu supérieure à la vitesse d'alimentation dudit mécanisme d'alimentation, ledit rouleau chauffant étant entraîné par contact avec le fil permettant, d'une part, le transfert automatique en son amont d'une tension du fil suffisante pour appliquer audit fil une tension préalable avant qu'il ne touche le rouleau chauffant et, d'autre part, que l'opération d'étirage ait lieu au voisinage de l'endroit où le fil quitte le rouleau chauffant pour rejoindre le mécanisme d'extraction, et dans lequel:
a) la résistance statique à la rotation offert par l'ensemble dudit rouleau chauffant et dudit rouleau séparateur, mesuré par les forces qui s'exercent sur le fil, est inférieure à 2,25 g/tex (fil étiré)
b) la résistance initiale, qui est le moment d'inertie dudit rouleau chauffant, est inférieure à 113.10-6 livresxpieds carrés/denier (fil étiré) ou
437,4 . 10-6 N . m2 . tex-1 (fil étiré) et est obtenu par la relation
Figure imgb0028
dans laquelle
T représente le couple (longueurxforce)
C représente une constante dépendant des unités choisies
k représente le rayon dudit rouleau (unité de longueur)
a représente l'accélération angulaire (radians . s-2)
W représente la masse dudit rouleau (unité de masse),
c) le coefficient de frottement, entre le fil et la surface dudit rouleau chauffant, mesuré sur un appareil "Rothschild Friction Tester" (dont le principe de fonctionnement est basé sur les équations du cabestan) en utilisant un enveloppement de 180° et une vitesse de déplacement du fil de 10 mètres par minute, est supérieure à 0,57,
d) le rouleau séparateur est situé, par rapport audit rouleau chauffant et à la trajectoire du fil, dans une position telle que l'angle de contact pendant lequel le fil est au contact de la surface dudit rouleau chauffant est supérieur ou égal à 30° sur le premier enroulement et est supérieur ou égal à 30° sur le dernier enroulement avant que ledit fil ne quitte ledit rouleau chauffant, et
e) il n'y a pas de frottements sur le fil dans la zone où se crée ladite tension préalable, c'est-à-dire entre la position où le fil quitte le mécanisme d'alimentation et la position où le fil atteint la surface dudit rouleau chauffant.
2. Dispositif d'étriage conforme à la revendication 1 dans lequel ladite résistance statique à la rotation, offert par l'ensemble dudit rouleau chauffant et dudit rouleau séparateur, mesuré par les forces s'exerçant sur le fil, est inférieure à 1,35 g/tex (fil étiré), et ladite résistance initiale est inférieure à 45.10-6 livresxpieds carrés/denier (fil étiré) ou 167,4. 10-6 N . mZ . tex-1 (fil étiré).
3. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit coefficient de frottement est compris entre 0,75 et 0,95.
4. Dispositif d'étriage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit rouleau séparateur est situé, par rapport audit rouleau chauffant et à la trajectoire du fil, dans le secteur angulaire aigu défini par les rayons dudit rouleau chauffant et faisant des angles respectivement de +a/6 et -a/6 avec la bissectrice de l'angle a qui est déterminé par les directions dudit fil lorsque le fil atteint ledit rouleau chauffant avant le premier enroulement d'une part, et lorsque le fil quitte ledit rouleau chauffant après le dernier enroulement d'autre part.
5. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit rouleau séparateur est situé, par rapport audit rouleau chauffant et à la trajectoire du fil, de manière à ce que l'angle de contact sur le dernier enroulement avant que le fil ne quitte ledit rouleau chauffant est compris entre 120° et 210°,
6. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, comprenant un moyen pour stabiliser le fil par la chaleur.
7. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 6, dans lequel ledit moyen de stabilisation du fil est situé entre ledit rouleau chauffant et ledit mécanisme d'extraction.
8. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 6, dans lequel ledit moyen de stabilisation du fil est un agencement pour réchauffer le mécanisme d'extraction.
9. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel plus de 60% de la tension exercée sur le fil est transférée en amont dudit rouleau chauffant.
10. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel la proportion de la tension exercée sur le fil et transférée en amont dudit rouleau chauffant est comprise entre 80% et 95%.
11. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit rouleau chauffant est supporté à rotation sur coussin d'air.
12. Dispositif d'étirage conforme à la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit rouleau chauffant est supporté à rotation par des roulements à billes.
13. Dispositif d'étriage conforme à la revendication 6, dans lequel le fil est un fil de polyester, ladite température déterminée de la surface dudit rouleau chauffant est comprise entre 80°C et 120°C environ et la température dudit moyen de stabilisation du fil est telle que la température dudit fil est comprise entre 120°C et 220°C lorsqu'il quitte ledit moyen de stabilisation.
EP84903402A 1983-09-16 1984-09-06 Systeme d'etirage pour fils Expired EP0157802B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53304083A 1983-09-16 1983-09-16
US64429984A 1984-08-27 1984-08-27
US644299 1984-08-27
US533040 1995-09-25

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EP0157802A1 EP0157802A1 (fr) 1985-10-16
EP0157802B1 true EP0157802B1 (fr) 1987-11-19

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EP (1) EP0157802B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR920002507B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1248741A (fr)
DE (1) DE3467592D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1175739B (fr)
WO (1) WO1985001304A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111424355A (zh) * 2020-04-12 2020-07-17 曹学民 纺织生产用化学纤维抽丝设备
CN114717712B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-04-28 海生医疗科技(湖州)有限公司 一种纤维丝的牵伸装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH284352A (de) * 1950-03-23 1952-07-31 Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung eines Kunstfadens.
FR1340333A (fr) * 1962-09-07 1963-10-18 Asahi Chemical Ind Procédé et appareil pour l'étirage à chaud de fibres synthétiques
US3671623A (en) * 1967-08-07 1972-06-20 Teijin Ltd Method of drawing and heat treating synthetic filaments
DE2210272A1 (de) * 1972-03-03 1973-09-13 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Streck- oder schrumpfeinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1175739B (it) 1987-07-15
IT8422670A0 (it) 1984-09-14
KR850700048A (ko) 1985-12-21
DE3467592D1 (en) 1987-12-23
WO1985001304A1 (fr) 1985-03-28
KR920002507B1 (en) 1992-03-27
CA1248741A (fr) 1989-01-17
EP0157802A1 (fr) 1985-10-16

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