EP0156832A1 - Generateur pour vehicule avec regulateur de tension pour un dispositif de controle - Google Patents

Generateur pour vehicule avec regulateur de tension pour un dispositif de controle

Info

Publication number
EP0156832A1
EP0156832A1 EP84903343A EP84903343A EP0156832A1 EP 0156832 A1 EP0156832 A1 EP 0156832A1 EP 84903343 A EP84903343 A EP 84903343A EP 84903343 A EP84903343 A EP 84903343A EP 0156832 A1 EP0156832 A1 EP 0156832A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
generator
voltage
generator according
excitation
controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84903343A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Van Dyken
Wunnibald Frey
Rainer Leunig
Friedhelm Meyer
Erwin Wiedner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0156832A1 publication Critical patent/EP0156832A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the voltage regulators previously used for such generators contain two power transistors connected to one another in a Darlington circuit, via which the excitation current flowing through the excitation winding of the generator is conducted. These change their conduction state in a cycle dependent on the respective level of the generator voltage and are controlled by a transistor, which is usually connected to the DC voltage output of the generator via a Zener diode.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an expanded functional range for the regulator in a generator of the type described at the outset, the signal element lighting up the respective operating state of the generator when the generator is at a standstill or inadequate excitation as a light-emitting diode (LED) or as a liquid crystal display (LCD) can be formed.
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the generator shown in FIG. 1 is intended for operation on motor vehicles and works together with a controller which has an expanded functional range.
  • the generator has a revolving excitation winding 1 and three alternating voltage windings 2, 3 and 4, which are connected in a star, each offset by 120 ° and arranged in a fixed stator, through which the magnetic field of the excitation winding passes.
  • the AC voltages generated in these windings are connected to a bridge circuit formed from six load diodes 5, 6.
  • a plus diode 5 and a minus diode 6 each form a pair of load current diodes, one of the three AC windings 2, 3, 4 being connected to the cathode of the minus diode of a load diode diode connected to the anode of the plus diode.
  • the plus diodes 5 are combined with their cathodes and connected to a common connection terminal B +, which is connected to the plus pole of a vehicle battery 10, while the interconnected anodes of the minus diodes 6 are connected to a common minus line 11 and to the minus pole of the battery 10 and the this connected terminal D- are performed.
  • Three control diodes 7, 8 and 9 are connected to the alternating voltage windings 2, 3 and 4 of the generator, the cathodes of which are connected to one another with a control line 12 which is led to an input of a voltage regulator 13 labeled D +.
  • the controller is under broken lines framed and contains two connected in a Darlington circuit 16, not specified in detail power transistors, which serve to supply a clocked excitation current to the field winding 1 via the excitation line 151.
  • the voltage regulator 13 contains the transistorized control device 20, which is preferably in the form of an IC circuit, which measures the actual voltage value via the line 12, compares it with the internally formed nominal value and then drives the Darlington circuit 16 via the base line 51. If the voltage measured via line 12 is too high, Darlington circuit 16 is blocked. If the voltage is too low, the Darlington circuit 16 becomes conductive.
  • the decisive factor is the temperature at the controller 13, which generally deviates from the temperature at the battery 10.
  • the signal lamp SL is connected to ground 11 or separated from ground by a semiconductor element in the voltage regulator 13, preferably by a signal transistor 21.
  • the signal lamp SL lights up since it is connected to ground via the signal transistor 21, and on the other hand a pre-excitation current flows via the line 151, the field winding 1 and the Darlington circuit 16 to the ground 11.
  • the rule Direction 20 recognizes via line 12 that no voltage has yet been induced (generator rotor does not rotate) and limits the pre-excitation current, for example to 0.5 A, in cooperation with the Darlington circuit 16. This value can be freely selected and is set so that the battery is not unnecessarily discharged when it is at a standstill, but the generator can be energized safely.
  • the generator rotor is rotated and a voltage is induced, which is measured at 12 by the control device 20.
  • the Darlington circuit 16 is now fully conductive, and the usual control function in the interaction of generator / controller begins.
  • the signal transistor 21 causes the signal lamp SL to go out.
  • FIG. 1a explains how the monitoring can be implemented.
  • the (npn) signal transistor 21 with its collector at the terminal L and with its emitter on the ground line 11 is connected at its base both to the output of a first comparator 60 and to the negated output of a first AND gate 01.
  • the comparator 60 is connected at its first input via a resistor 62 to the cathode of a zener diode 63, the anode of which is connected to the ground line 11 and thus to the terminal D-.
  • the first input of the comparator 60 is connected to the terminal 15, to the input of a clock generator 64 and to the first input of a second UHD element 65.
  • the second input of the AND gate 65 is connected to the terminal D +, to the second input of the comparator 60 and to the cathode of a zener diode 66, the anode of which is connected to the first input of the AND gate 61 is.
  • Terminal D + is also connected to ground line 11 via a voltage divider consisting of two resistors 67, 68, the common connection point of the two resistors 67, 68 being located at the first input of a second comparator 69, to which the output of clock generator 64 is also connected is.
  • the clock generator 64 is still on the input side at the negated output of the second AND gate 65.
  • the comparator 69 is connected with its second input via an adjustable resistor 70 to the connection between the resistor 62 and the Zener diode 63 and with its output to the control input of the Darlington circuit 16.
  • the switching path of the Darlington circuit 16 lies between the second input of the AND gate 61 and the negative line 11, it has the protective diode 24 in its shunt and the emitter belonging to the switching streak and the anode belonging to the diode 24 face the ground line 11.
  • the collector of the Darlington circuit 16 also has a connection to the connection terminal DF and to the anode of the blocking diode 23, the cathode of which is connected to the connection terminal 15.
  • the voltage divider resistor. 68 still has a temperature-dependent resistor RT in its shunt, which should signal the maximum permissible heating.
  • the Darlington circuit 16 is on its switching path conductive when the comparator 69 from the connection point of the voltage dividing resistors 67, 68 receives a smaller voltage than from the connection existing between the resistor 62 and the Zener diode 63.
  • the AND link 63, via the clock generator 64 and the comparator 69 at the control input of the Darlington circuit 16 ensures that the switching path only allows current to pass through there.
  • the signal transistor 21 is conductive on its emitter-collector path when an undervoltage is present at terminal D + when the ignition is switched on. If there is an overvoltage there, the signal transistor 21 is controlled via the AND gate 61 if the voltage at terminal D + is greater than the control voltage and a relatively low voltage (e.g. less than 2 volts) is present at terminal DF
  • this circuit can also be modified such that the signal lamp is connected to ground, for example in the dashboard of the vehicle, and receives positive voltage from the signal transistor 21.
  • the plus voltage can e.g. are at the level of the voltage of the battery 10 and are, for example, 10 to 15 V or only make up part of these voltage values.
  • a series of connecting terminals is provided between the controller 13 and the brush holder 22 serving to supply the excitation current, to which the field terminal DF connected to the end of the excitation winding 1 belongs, which is connected to the Darlington transistors 16 and the diodes 23 and 24 is connected.
  • the temperature-dependent resistor RT which is in heat-conducting connection with the battery, is connected at one end to the ground line 11 via a terminal of the brush holder 22 (not shown) and at its other end to an input terminal of the voltage regulator 13 labeled T is led.
  • the temperature-dependent resistor RT can also be replaced by an appropriate semiconductor circuit.
  • the monitoring is carried out in a similar manner as in Figure 1a.
  • the difference with respect to FIG. 1a is that the temperature-dependent resistor RT has a remote position from the voltage regulator 13 and consequently the connection terminal T is provided on the voltage regulator 13 for the connecting line of the resistor RT used for monitoring the temperature on the battery 10.
  • FIG. 3 In the circuit diagram of a third exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the components that correspond to the previously described exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the pre-excitation takes place here via a resistor RV.
  • the Darlington circuit 16 When the ignition switch ZS is switched off, the Darlington circuit 16 is non-conductive, ie no current flows from the generator B +, via RV, the line 12, field winding 1 and Darlington circuit 16 to ground. If the ignition switch ZS is closed, the control device 20 recognizes the switching state of the ignition switch ZS via the signal lamp SL, the line L2, the line L1. The Darlington circuit 16 becomes conductive via the base line 51. The pre-excitation current flows.
  • the signal lamp SL lights up because the signal transistor 21 is switched to ground.
  • the usual control function begins.
  • the signal lamp SL goes out.
  • the monitoring is carried out in detail according to FIG. 3a, where, in contrast to FIG. 1a, a third comparator 71 is used.
  • the comparator 71 is connected in parallel on the input side of a diode 72 which is connected to the input terminal L with its anode and to the signal transistor 21 collector with the cathode. From the input of the comparator 71 connected to the cathode of the diode 72, a connection leads to the first input of the first comparator 60. Further connections do not lead to the first input of the comparator 60.
  • the second input of the comparator 60 which is also here the cathode of the Zener diode 66, with the voltage divider resistor 67 and with the terminal D + connection, is additionally connected to the cathode of the diode 23 and to the terminal of the resistor 62 facing away from the Zener diode 63.
  • the second AND gate with its second input at terminal D + 65 has only its first input with the comparator 71 here.
  • the - not negated here - output of the AND gate 65 is connected to the first input of a third AND gate 73, the second input of which is connected to the common connection of the voltage dividing resistors 67, 68.
  • a (npn) transistor 74 is connected at its collector to the second input of the AND gate 73, at its base to the output of the AND gate 73 and at its emitter to the first input of the second comparator 69.
  • the Darlington circuit 16 When the ignition is switched on, the Darlington circuit 16 is blocked on its switching path by the combination of the comparator 71, the AND element 65 and the AND element 73. In contrast, when the ignition is switched on, the switching path of the Darlington circuit 16 is conductive when on Comparator 69, the voltage tapped at the voltage divider 67.68 is below the voltage that is present at the connection between the resistor 62 and the Zener diode 63.
  • the signal transistor 21 is conductive on its emitter-collector path when an undervoltage is present at terminal D + when the ignition is switched on. If there is an overvoltage there, the signal transistor 21 is reversed via the comparator 60 if the voltage at terminal D + is greater than the control voltage and the potential at terminal DF is a relatively small amount, e.g. less than 2 V.
  • the embodiment variant according to FIG. 4 differs from the previously described exemplary embodiment essentially in that the temperature-dependent resistor RT serving as a temperature sensor, which is in thermally conductive connection with the battery 10, has one of its terminals ends are connected to the excitation or sensing line 12 and are connected at its other connection end to the control device 20.
  • the temperature sensor can be connected to ground 11 instead of D + if the RT and control device 20 are designed accordingly (analogously to FIG. 2).
  • no excitation diodes 7, 8, 9 are provided.
  • the excitation current is rather taken from the positive terminal B + of the battery 10, the connecting line leading to the controller input B + also simultaneously supplying the excitation winding 1 of the generator with its operation when and as long as the Darlington circuit 16 of the controller 13 is electrically conductive.
  • the control device 20 In order to avoid an unnecessary removal current from the battery 10 when the generator is at a standstill and the ignition is switched off (ignition switch ZS open), in this case the control device 20 must be able to sense the respective position of the ignition switch ZS via line 52 and, when the ignition switch ZS is open, that the Darlington circuit 16 is locked.
  • the terminal W is connected via a line WL to one of the three alternating voltage windings 2, 3 or 4 of the geerator.
  • the control can be refined when the ignition switch ZS is inserted so that only a reduced excitation current flows when the generator is stopped.
  • the excitation current can be reduced by clocking the Darlington circuit 16.
  • Another possibility is to operate the Darlington circuit 16 in its active area, in which it has a relatively large volume resistance. The control takes place in each case by the control device 20.
  • the signal via the WL line also enables further evaluation.
  • the frequency of the voltage at WL depends on the speed. A change in engine speed causes a corresponding change in frequency.
  • An expanded control device 20 can now recognize whether the frequency change is within a predetermined range and the generator is to be de-energized. In this case, the Darlington circuit 16 is blocked via the base line 51.
  • FIG. 5a The monitoring can be implemented according to FIG. 5a, in which elements from FIGS. 1a and 3a are used.
  • an OR gate 75 is provided, which has its first input at the output of the third comparator 71 and with its second input both at the connection terminal W and at the input of a clock generator 76.
  • the connection terminal W also has a connection to the first input of the first comparator 60 and to the here negated first input of the AND gate 65.
  • the second input of the AND gate 65 is connected to the output of the OR gate 75 and to a third input of the AND gate 73.
  • the output of the AND gate 65 is connected to the input of the clock 64, the output of which. first input of the AND gate 73 is.
  • a fourth output of the AND gate 73 is connected to the output of the clock 76.
  • the second connection of the AND gate 73 also has a connection here with the resistors 68, RT and with the collector of the transistor 74.
  • the second input of comparator 60 is connected here to terminal B +, which is connected to voltage divider resistor 67 and resistor 62 at the same time.
  • the Darlington circuit 16 is conductive on its switching path when the voltage from the voltage divider 67, 68 on the comparator 69 is lower than that on the connection between the resistor 62 and the Zener diode 63.
  • the AND element 73 Via the AND element 73, the conductivity of the Darlington Circuit 16 belonging switching path are overridden. The can for example be done with the aid of the comparator 71 and the OR gate 75 when the ignition is switched off and the generator is not supplying any voltage.
  • it can be done via the comparator 71, the OR gate 75, the AND gate 65 and the clock generator 64 when the switching path of the Darlington circuit 16 operates in clock mode.
  • it can also be done via the clock 76 if a certain frequency change occurs at the connection terminal W.
  • the emitter-collector path of the signal transistor 21 is conductive when an undervoltage occurs at the terminal W when the ignition is switched on. If there is an overvoltage, the signal transistor 21 is driven via the AND gate 61 if the voltage at terminal B + is greater than the control voltage and the voltage at terminal DF is a relatively small value, e.g. below 2 V.
  • the temperature-dependent resistor RT which is in direct heat-conducting connection with the battery 10, is connected on the one hand to the battery positive terminal B + and on the other hand to the control terminal T of the voltage regulator 13.
  • the actual voltage value of the generator for the control device 20 can be taken from this battery terminal B +, which results in a reduction in the number of connection terminals of the generator or its controller.
  • FIG. 6a shows a variant which is particularly interesting for small series and in which semiconductor components of the voltage regulator 13 are combined in one (IC) module 30.
  • IC semiconductor components of the voltage regulator 13
  • Such a module can, as shown in FIG. 7, have three to five terminals A1 to A5 for an equally large number of connecting lines, two of which (A2 and A4) are connected to the winding ends of the excitation winding 1. At least one further connection (A4, A5, A6 or A7) is used to feed the actual voltage value of the generator output voltage.
  • connection terminals A7, A8 are also provided for the resistor RT, which is in thermally conductive connection with the battery 10 and serves as a temperature sensor.
  • further connection terminals can be provided, for example A9, A6, to which the signal lamp SL or the contact 15 of the ignition switch close to the consumer are connected.
  • the generator and its brush holder serving to supply current to the excitation winding 1 need only have the necessary number of connections.
  • the module 30 can be used interchangeably in accordance with the respective task. In this case, the module 30 can be accommodated in the engine compartment of the vehicle or also have a heat-conducting connection with the battery and thus immediately take over the temperature sensor function.
  • the circuits according to Figures 1 to 7 enable the connection of LCD displays. Good pre-excitation of the generator is also guaranteed.
  • the control device 20 or the module 30 can be designed such that the signal lamp SL can also be used to indicate an error, for example in the event of a broken V-belt, undervoltage or overvoltage.
  • the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, 6 also offer the possibility of achieving an additional fuse with an additional circuit to be fitted inside the controller (extension of the control device 20) in that if the controller is defective, one of the Darlington Circuit 16 to ground bonding wire 53 is cut so that overcharging of the battery is avoided. The energy required for cutting can be supplied via terminal 15 or B +.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)

Abstract

Le générateur pour véhicule comporte un induit d'excitation (1), plusieurs bobinages à tension alternative (2, 3, 4), plusieurs redresseurs de puissance (5, 6), un interrupteur (ZS), un régulateur (13) de la tension de sortie du générateur, un élément de signalisation (SL) et un dispositif à semi-conducteur (21) qui détecte la position enclenchée ou déclenchée de l'interrupteur (ZS) et qui influence le courant à travers l'élément de signalisation (SL).
EP84903343A 1983-09-21 1984-09-12 Generateur pour vehicule avec regulateur de tension pour un dispositif de controle Withdrawn EP0156832A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3334063 1983-09-21
DE3334063 1983-09-21
DE3402288 1984-01-24
DE19843402288 DE3402288A1 (de) 1983-09-21 1984-01-24 Generator fuer fahrzeuge mit einem zu einer steuereinrichtung gehoerenden spannungsregler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156832A1 true EP0156832A1 (fr) 1985-10-09

Family

ID=25814184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84903343A Withdrawn EP0156832A1 (fr) 1983-09-21 1984-09-12 Generateur pour vehicule avec regulateur de tension pour un dispositif de controle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0156832A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3402288A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8505795A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985001398A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2624320B1 (fr) * 1987-12-02 1990-05-18 Equip Electr Moteur Regulateur monolithique de tension de charge de batterie par un alternateur protege contre les tensions parasites
DE19649790A1 (de) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Ausgangsspannung eines Drehstromgenerators
DE19727876A1 (de) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Generatorregler

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2535245A1 (de) * 1975-08-07 1977-02-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Batterieladeeinrichtung
DE2809712C2 (de) * 1978-03-07 1985-03-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Batterieladesystem, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
FR2469029A1 (fr) * 1979-10-30 1981-05-08 Paris & Du Rhone Detecteur de defauts avec signalisation par lampe-temoin, pour regulateur d'alternateur de charge d'une batterie
JPS56101151U (fr) * 1979-12-29 1981-08-08
DE3006108A1 (de) * 1980-02-19 1981-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Batterieladesystem
DE3006109A1 (de) * 1980-02-19 1981-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Batterieladesystem
US4314193A (en) * 1980-05-22 1982-02-02 Motorola, Inc. Field coil fault detector for automotive alternator battery charging systems
FR2510842A1 (fr) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-04 Paris & Du Rhone Circuit d'amorcage pour alternateur de vehicule automobile

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8501398A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES536141A0 (es) 1985-06-01
ES8505795A1 (es) 1985-06-01
WO1985001398A1 (fr) 1985-03-28
DE3402288A1 (de) 1985-04-04

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Inventor name: FREY, WUNNIBALD

Inventor name: WIEDNER, ERWIN

Inventor name: VAN DYKEN, BERNHARD

Inventor name: LEUNIG, RAINER

Inventor name: MEYER, FRIEDHELM