EP0156718B1 - Verfahren und Maschine zum Beschichten von Obst und Gemüse in einer Plastikfolie - Google Patents

Verfahren und Maschine zum Beschichten von Obst und Gemüse in einer Plastikfolie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156718B1
EP0156718B1 EP85400458A EP85400458A EP0156718B1 EP 0156718 B1 EP0156718 B1 EP 0156718B1 EP 85400458 A EP85400458 A EP 85400458A EP 85400458 A EP85400458 A EP 85400458A EP 0156718 B1 EP0156718 B1 EP 0156718B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
product
plastics material
bath
wrapping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85400458A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0156718A1 (de
Inventor
Carmelo D'urso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xeda International SA
Original Assignee
Xeda International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xeda International SA filed Critical Xeda International SA
Publication of EP0156718A1 publication Critical patent/EP0156718A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156718B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156718B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B33/00—Packaging articles by applying removable, e.g. strippable, coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products
    • B65B25/04—Packaging fruit or vegetables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for coating products, in particular fruit and vegetables using a plastic film, and a machine for its implementation,
  • GB-A- 930 482 further describes a method of packaging products, in which a film of liquid plastic is formed on support means, a product is brought by relative displacement and the film in contact with one the other, said film being deformed under the action of the product so as to be applied gradually thereto.
  • the preamble of claims 1 and 10 is based on the state of the art known from this document.
  • the invention aims to simplify the packaging of products, in particular fruit and vegetables, by coating them in a single operation.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a process for coating products in a plastic film, of the type in which a liquid plastic film is formed on support means, a product and the film are brought about by relative displacement. in contact with each other, said film deforming under the action of the product so as to be applied gradually and to form a coating on this product, characterized in that the plastic film is formed by diving support means in a bath of liquid plastic and then by removing said support means from the bath.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for coating products, in particular fruit or vegetables, intended for implementing the method, comprising at least one support, means for forming a liquid film of plastic coating material on said support and means for bringing the products into contact with the liquid plastic film, characterized in that the means for forming the plastic film comprise a tank containing a bath of molten plastic and means for dipping said support in said bath and for removing from said bath said support on which said film is formed.
  • a fruit 1 to be coated rolls on an inclined plane 2 towards a film 3 of liquid plastic formed by surface tension on a support 4 in the form of a ring.
  • the shutter 6 is advantageously covered with a non-stick material such as Teflon (registered trademark), so that the plastic film 3 does not stick to the shutter 6.
  • a non-stick material such as Teflon (registered trademark)
  • the latter is rotated in the direction of the arrow F (Fig. 4) so that the fruit deforms the film 3 even more.
  • the oscillating flap 6 finally disappears completely in front of the fruit 1 which can thus continue its course, while the plastic film 3 closes on it by surface tension and perfectly matches its shape.
  • the fruit 1 is then completely coated with the film 3 (Fig. 5).
  • a machine intended to implement the method described above is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. It comprises a ribbon conveyor, not shown, which sends the fruit and vegetables on an inclined surface divided into three channels 8 having in cross section the shape of a V.
  • a tank 9 made of refractory material containing a bath 11 of molten plastic material, for example a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid, the softening temperature of which is l '' order of 100 ° C and whose use temperature is 150 to 200 ° C.
  • molten plastic material for example a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid, the softening temperature of which is l '' order of 100 ° C and whose use temperature is 150 to 200 ° C.
  • the tank is equipped with an electromagnetic level detector 12 which controls a filling system to keep the liquid level 11 in the tank 9 constant. It also includes in its bottom an electrical resistance 13 for heating the bath 11.
  • a thermostat (not shown) acts on the electric current to keep the temperature of the bath constant 11.
  • a movable frame 14 mounted oscillating around a fixed axis 16 has two arms side 14a, 14b whose ends opposite the axis 16 are joined by a cross member 14c.
  • the cross-member 14c carries a series of rings 4 intended to be immersed in the tank 9.
  • the frame 14 includes an actuating arm 14d secured to its end mounted on the oscillation axis 16.
  • Said arm 14d is biased by a return spring 17 fixed to a support 18 which is itself fixed to the chassis of the machine.
  • the lateral arm 14a carries, near the cross-member 14c of the frame, a toothed sector 19 fixed to said arm 14a.
  • This toothed sector 19 is engaged with a free wheel 21 carried by a shaft 22 on which are fixed as many plates or stop surfaces 23 as there are channels 8. These stop surfaces 23 are each biased by a return spring 24 to a position approximately perpendicular to the movable frame 14.
  • the shaft 22 is supported by bearings 26 fixed to a frame (not shown).
  • a flap 6 covered with Teflon is mounted oscillating around a fixed axis 7. It is connected to a connecting rod 27 by means of a crank 28.
  • the connecting rod 27 is connected to a second crank 29 integral in rotation with a cam 31 rotating about a fixed axis 32 driven for example by an electric motor (not shown).
  • the cam 31 is in contact with the arm 14d biased by the return spring 17.
  • the coating machine which has just been described, can be associated downstream a machine intended to deposit on the coated products, a layer of waxy emulsion forming a film having a lower gas permeability than that of the plastic used to form the coating film.
  • the movable frame 14 being initially in the high position, fruits 1 are conveyed in the various channels 8 of the inclined plane 2.
  • the first channel 8 for example, the first fruit 1 is stopped by the stop surface 23.
  • the cam 31 then pushes on the arm 14d against the return spring 17 forcing the movable frame 14 to rotate clockwise around the axis 16, so that the rings 4 are caused to plunge into the bath 11 containing the molten plastic.
  • the cam 31 continues to run and the lateral arm 14d under the action of the spring 17 causes the rings 4 to rise to an almost vertical position.
  • a film of liquid plastic material is formed by surface tension inside each ring 4.
  • the flap 6 then switches to allow the first fruit coated with the film to pass through.
  • the cam 31 acts again on the arm 14d so that the rings 4 plunge back into the bath 11 while the linkage 29, 27, 28 raises the oscillating flap 6 in its vertical position. The cycle then repeats for all channels.
  • the products receive as a second protective skin which can be removed before consumption.
  • the water loss is greatly reduced and the freshness of the products is kept almost intact, which makes it possible to preserve the fruits before consumption for much longer without preventing the respiration of the product.
  • the film deposited by the process according to the invention can be removed completely by "peeling".
  • the polyethylene used is very permeable to gas and not very waterproof, and if a plastic film is coated with a layer of wax impermeable to gas by a conventional process, a double seal is obtained. In the case of fruit, where a delay in ripening is requested, this association is very interesting.
  • Both layers can be removed at the same time.
  • the means for stopping the products can be controlled by a photoelectric cell.
  • the movable frame 14 can be eliminated and replaced by an automatic device for plunging the rings 4 into the bath 11.
  • the rings 4 can moreover be replaced by U-shaped mounts.
  • Another advantage of the process according to the invention lies in the fact that a fungicidal and / or antioxidant preservative can be mixed with the plastic by addition to the bath, this product also being able to be removed in its entirety during removal of the coating film with the exception of traces that have migrated on the skin of the product.
  • the plastic material of the bath is an ethylene copolymer.
  • preservatives there may be mentioned, for example, thiabendazole as a fungicide and ethoxyquin as an antioxidant.
  • Polyethylene and other ethylene-based copolymers as well as other plastics having a similar permeability characteristic can also be used as a coating material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Verfahren zur Ummantelung von Produkten (1) mit einer Haut (3) aus Kunststoff, bei welchem eine Haut (3) aus flüssigem Kunststoff auf Trägermitteln (4) ausgebildet wird, ein Produkt (1) und die Haut (3) über eine Relativverlagerung miteinander in Berührung geführt werden, wobei sich die Haut (3) unter der Einwirkung des Produkts (1) verformt und sich dabei zunehmend an dem Produkt anlegt und eine Ummantelung auf dem Produkt ausbildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haut (3) aus Kunststoff durch Eintauchen der Trägermittel (4) in ein Bad (11) aus flüssigem Kunststoff und nachfolgendes Herausziehen der Trägermittel (4) aus dem Bad (11) ausgebildet wird.
2. Ummantelungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Produkt unter Obst und Gemüse ausgewählt wird,
3. Ummantelungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bad (11) aus Kunststoff ein Bad aus geschmolzenem Polyethylen ist.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bad (11) ein Bad eines geschmolzenen Ethylen-Copolymers ist.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Haut mit einer Dicke von 5 - 10-3 bis 2 - 10-2 mm ausgebildet wird.
6. Ummantelungsverfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für das In-Berührung-Führen des Produkts (1) und der Haut (3) das Produkt (1) bezüglich der Haut verlagert wird.
7. Ummantelungsverfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Ummanteln des Produkts (1) mit der Haut aus Kunststoff (3) auf der Haut eine Schicht einer wachsartigen Emulsion abgeschieden wird, welche eine Haut bildet, die eine geringere Gasdurchlässigkeit als der verwendete Kunststoff hat.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Produkt (1) durch Verlagerung durch die Schwerkraft auf einer schiefen Ebene (2) in Berührung mit der Haut (3) und dann mit einer unmittelbar hinter der Haut (3) in der Bewegungsbahn des Produkts (1) angeordneten einziehbaren Klappe (6) in Berührung gebracht wird, wonach die einziehbare Klappe (6) zunehmend gekippt wird dergestalt, daß eine zunehmende und, nachdem das Produkt die Trägermittel vollständig durchlaufen hat schließlich vollständige Ummantelung des Produkts erreicht wird.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Produkt (1) unter Obst und Gemüse ausgewählt ist und sich durch Rollen auf der schiefen Ebene (2) verlagert.
10. Vorrichtung zur Ummantelung von Produkten, insbesondere von Obst und Gemüse, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 mit mindestens einem Träger (4), Mitteln zur Ausbildung einer flüssigen Haut (3) aus Ummantelungskunststoff auf dem Träger (4), und Mitteln (2) für ein In-Berührung-Bringen der Produkte mit der Haut (3) aus flüssigem Kunststoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Ausbildung der Haut (3) aus Kunststoff einen ein Bad (11) aus geschmolzenem Kunststoff enthaltenden Behälter (9) und Mittel (14) zum Eintauchen des Trägers (4) in das Bad (11) und zum Herausziehen des Trägers, auf welchem die Haut (3) ausgebildet ist, aus dem Bad umfassen.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (2) zum In-Berührung-Bringen der Produkte (1) mit der Haut (3) mit flüssigem Kunststoff eine geneigte Fläche umfassen, auf welcher sich die Produkte durch Schwerkraft nacheinander so verlagern, daß sie durch den Träger laufen, und daß die Vorrichtung ferner eine einziehbare Klappe (6), welche in der Bewegungsbahn der. Produkte (1) unmittelbar hinter der Haut (3) angeordnet ist, und Mittel zum Kippen der einziehbaren Klappe (6), damit die Produkte (1) durch den Träger (4) treten können, umfaßt.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einziehbare Klappe (6) mit einem Antiklebemittel bedeckt ist.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum In-Berührung-Bringen eine schiefe Ebene (2) umfassen, welche mit wenigstens einer V-förmigen Rinne (8) ausgebildet ist, welche die Führung der Produkte (1) bis zum Standort des Trägers (4) für die Ummantelungshaut (3) gewährleisten soll.
EP85400458A 1984-03-12 1985-03-08 Verfahren und Maschine zum Beschichten von Obst und Gemüse in einer Plastikfolie Expired EP0156718B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8403765 1984-03-12
FR8403765A FR2560856B1 (fr) 1984-03-12 1984-03-12 Procede et machine d'enrobage notamment de fruits et legumes dans une pellicule de matiere plastique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156718A1 EP0156718A1 (de) 1985-10-02
EP0156718B1 true EP0156718B1 (de) 1987-09-09

Family

ID=9301925

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400458A Expired EP0156718B1 (de) 1984-03-12 1985-03-08 Verfahren und Maschine zum Beschichten von Obst und Gemüse in einer Plastikfolie

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4631902A (de)
EP (1) EP0156718B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3560565D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8701652A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2560856B1 (de)
GR (1) GR850594B (de)
MA (1) MA20375A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA851795B (de)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2333887A (en) * 1941-07-26 1943-11-09 Lorenz M Redlinger Protective coating and process of manufacture therefor
US2560487A (en) * 1947-06-17 1951-07-10 Robert B Shugart Fruit coating apparatus
US2622380A (en) * 1949-09-19 1952-12-23 Wingfoot Corp Method of wrapping articles
US2703760A (en) * 1952-01-25 1955-03-08 Johnson & Son Inc S C Method of coating fruits and vegetables
GB930482A (en) * 1960-04-05 1963-07-03 British Visqueen Ltd Packaging process
US3299195A (en) * 1963-02-19 1967-01-17 Eastman Kodak Co Method of encapsulating an article in a seamless unbroken clear film
US3404025A (en) * 1964-07-13 1968-10-01 Western Gear Corp Method and apparatus for coating a sheet or web
US3465495A (en) * 1965-08-16 1969-09-09 Sunkist Growers Inc Apparatus for boxing layers of articles such as fruit and the like
US3468099A (en) * 1966-01-25 1969-09-23 Clarence W Vogt Curtain depositing apparatus
DE1921352A1 (de) * 1969-04-26 1970-11-05 Vogt Clarence W Beschichtungs- bzw. Versiegelungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2560856B1 (fr) 1987-01-09
ES541651A0 (es) 1986-12-16
ES8701652A1 (es) 1986-12-16
US4631902A (en) 1986-12-30
FR2560856A1 (fr) 1985-09-13
ZA851795B (en) 1985-11-27
GR850594B (de) 1985-07-08
MA20375A1 (fr) 1985-10-01
EP0156718A1 (de) 1985-10-02
DE3560565D1 (en) 1987-10-15

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