EP0153913B1 - A method for producing metallic lead by direct lead-smelting - Google Patents
A method for producing metallic lead by direct lead-smelting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0153913B1 EP0153913B1 EP85850037A EP85850037A EP0153913B1 EP 0153913 B1 EP0153913 B1 EP 0153913B1 EP 85850037 A EP85850037 A EP 85850037A EP 85850037 A EP85850037 A EP 85850037A EP 0153913 B1 EP0153913 B1 EP 0153913B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- carbonate
- reduction
- smelting
- reduction agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940112735 lead carbonate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052840 fayalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing metallic lead from lead-bearing starting materials, by smelting the starting materials under oxidizing conditions and reducing the resultant oxidic melt.
- the invention relates to the working-up of all kinds of lead-bearing starting materials from which lead can be produced in this manner.
- such starting materials include sulphidic, sulphatic and oxidic lead starting materials, together with mixtures thereof.
- the lead starting materials may comprise mineral concentrates, intermediate products and waste products.
- a number of the lead-smelting processes proposed in recent years comprise, in principle, an oxidizing smelting stage and subsequent reduction of the resultant molten oxidic bath.
- those processes which belong to the so-called direct lead-smelting processes and which result in the formation of a molten lead bath of low sulphur content and a slag of high lead content can all be said to belong to the said group of smelting processes.
- the Outokumpu process c.f. for example DE-C-1 179 004
- the Cominco process US-A-3 847 595
- St.Joseph Lead process J.
- a common feature of these earlier Boliden processes is that lead is produced in two stages.
- lead starting materials and fluxes are smelted with the aid of an oxygen- fuel flame which is passed over the surface of the material in the furnace, to form a molten lead phase poor in sulphur and a slag rich in lead oxide, this lead oxide content of the slag- reaching from 20 - 50 %, normally 25 - 50 %.
- coke or some other suitable reductant is added to the molten bath and the contents thereof reduced, while heating the bath and rotating the converter.
- SE-A-8 302486-9 (which corresponds to EP-A-0 124497), there is described a single stage process in which a reducing agent is charged to the converter together with the lead starting materials.
- This process is to be considered as one in which the oxidizing smelting of the starting materials and the reduction of the resultant melt are effected simultaneously, and this method is thus also included in the definition of lead-smelting processes encompassed by the invention.
- a common feature of all lead-smelting processes based on the direct lead-smelting technique, that comprise a stage in which a melt comprising mainly lead oxide is subjected to a reduction process, is that the reduction rate is low and that a considerable length of time is taken to complete the reduction phase, thereby restricting the economy of the reduction stage.
- This also results in a high consumption of reducing agent, when seen against the unit weight of lead obtained; in other words the efficiency of the reducing agent, for example .the coke efficiency, is low.
- the consumption of reduction agent is reported to between 150 and 200 kg of coke per ton of lead produced.
- the amount of coke consumed in the Boliden Lead Kaldo Process which is one of the most favourable processes in the present context, is roughly 70 kg for each ton ingoing lead, which corresponds to 150 - 160 kg for each ton of lead produced.
- the amount of coke consumed is not, in the main, dependent on whether or not the reduction time can be reduced.
- a shorter reduction time is more favourable from the aspect of the amount of energy consumed in maintaining a hot melt, when reduction is effected while heating the melt.
- the amount of reducing agent consumed when working-up sulphidic material depends upon the amount of slag formed and its lead content, or the amount of sulphur present in the lead obtained.
- the majority of so-called direct lead-smelting processes the purpose of which is to smelt lead-containing starting materials to a molten lead bath of such low sulphur content that the lead can be treated by conventional lead refining methods, produce slags which prior to the reduction stage contain between 35 and 50 0/0. lead.
- the coke consumption is normally about 100 kg per ton lead produced.
- the reduction stage can be made substantially more effective by means of a process according to the invention, which enables the reduction rate to be raised and the carbon efficiency (or similar efficiency) to be increased.
- the process economy of lead processes incorporating a melt-reduction stage can be greatly improved.
- the method according to the invention is characterized by the process stages set forth in the accompanying claims.
- the solid carbonaceous reduction agent used is preferably coke or coal.
- the carbonate-containing material is preferably limestone, dolomite or soda ash. In the majority of cases the choice of material is determined by its retail price.
- the lump size of the carbonate-containing material is preferably of such coarseness that decomposition of the carbonate to oxide takes place as slowly as possible. In those tests carried out hitherto, limestone having a particle size of between 2 - 5 mm has been found much more effective than particle sizes beneath 2 mm.
- the quantities in which carbonate-containing material is used are not critical. A quantity corresponding to approximately half the amount of coke intended for the reduction stage has been found particularly suitable, however. Naturally, smaller quantities have also been found useful in certain contexts, for example when smaller quantities of slag are formedor when the slag formed has a low lead content. Consequently, it is not possible to place a lower limit on the amount of carbonate used.
- the upper limit of the carbonate additions is solely dependent upon the desired economy. Thus, the metallurgist is able to find in each particular case an optimum carbonate addition with respect to a decrease in the consumption of reduction agent, the decrease in reduction time and with respect to knowledge of the costs of reduction agent and carbonate material.
- the carbonate-containing material charged to the converter may comprise wholly or partially the lead-bearing starting materials.
- the lead-bearing starting materials may be comprised wholly or partially of carbonate-containing material.
- minerals containing lead carbonate can be advantageously worked-up by means of the method according to the invention. For example, such minerals can be smelted and reduced with carbon in accordance with the method, the carbonate content of the mineral promoting the melt-reduction.
- Material containing lead- carbonate can also be mixed with other kinds of lead starting materials, and in such cases the process is supplied with the requisite carbonate addition and a certain percentage of produced lead.
- the solid reduction agent and the carbonate-containing material are suitably introduced directly into the molten bath formed, during and/or after the oxidizing smelting process.
- both additions are introduced into the molten bath at such a stage in the process cycle and with the use of such technique that the additions can be taken up by and distributed throughout the bath in a relatively unaffected manner, or in other words be readily dispersed in the melt.
- the solid materials are introduced into the molten phase or bath in a suitable manner upon completion of the smelting period, and are dispersed in said molten bath by mixing the same with the aid of mechanical or pneumatic means or some other suitable means.
- the solid material can be injected into the bath through lances, tuyers or nozzles.
- the solid materials can be injected against a curtain of falling of the melt, obtained by rotating the converter in an inclined position, whereupon the solid materials are rapidly wetted and dispersed in the melt. Rotation of the converter also assists in enabling the solid materials to be held dispersed in the melt for as long as possible, which in turn favourably affects the efficiency of the reduction agent.
- barium carbonate (BaC0 3 ) which has a decomposition pressure of solely 0.01 at at 1100° C.
- the carbon monoxide thus generated will contribute towards a more rapid reduction, partly by enhancing the agitation effect in the molten bath and partly by the generation of carbon monoxide directly in the bath and because the more rapid gas-solid-reaction will take place together with the solid-solid-reaction
- the reduction agent and carbonate material can be mixed together before being introduced into said bath, for example in conjunction with crushing reduction agent.
- 36.3 tons of a lead concentrate comprising mainly lead carbonate mineral and having the following main analysis: 58.1 % Pb, 8.3 % Zn, 3.5 % S (of which 2.0 % was sulphide sulphur), 1.2 % Fe, 2.0 % Si0 2 + A1 2 0 3 and 4.30 % C (present as carbonate) were charged batchwise in six batches at roughly 20 minute intervals, together with 4.3 tons of flux, 7 tons of lead-containing sulphatic slime and 3.3 tons of granulated fayalite slag, together with 0.8 tons of coke to the same Kaldo converter as that recited in previous examples. The charge was pre-heated and smelted with the aid of oil-oxygen gas burners.
- the time taken to heat and smelt the charge was 330 minutes, and 2800 liters of oil were consumed.
- 16 tons of molten lead containing 0.1 % sulphur could be removed, together with a slag containing 1.8 % lead.
- the amount of coke consumed was calculated to be roughly 50 kg per ton of lead produced, which is a substantial decrease in consumption when compared with normal coke consumption when smelting lead from oxidic or oxidic-sulphatic starting materials (-150 - 250 kg/t Pb).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85850037T ATE42345T1 (de) | 1984-02-07 | 1985-02-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung von metallischem blei durch direktes schmelzen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8400624A SE441189B (sv) | 1984-02-07 | 1984-02-07 | Forfarande for framstellning av metalliskt bly genom smeltreduktion |
| SE8400624 | 1984-02-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0153913A1 EP0153913A1 (en) | 1985-09-04 |
| EP0153913B1 true EP0153913B1 (en) | 1989-04-19 |
Family
ID=20354631
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85850037A Expired EP0153913B1 (en) | 1984-02-07 | 1985-02-04 | A method for producing metallic lead by direct lead-smelting |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4584017A (fi) |
| EP (1) | EP0153913B1 (fi) |
| JP (1) | JPS60187633A (fi) |
| AT (1) | ATE42345T1 (fi) |
| AU (1) | AU565553B2 (fi) |
| CA (1) | CA1233029A (fi) |
| DD (1) | DD233855A1 (fi) |
| DE (1) | DE3569574D1 (fi) |
| ES (1) | ES540182A0 (fi) |
| FI (1) | FI72751C (fi) |
| IN (1) | IN162246B (fi) |
| MX (2) | MX11439A (fi) |
| PL (1) | PL142616B1 (fi) |
| SE (1) | SE441189B (fi) |
| ZA (1) | ZA85384B (fi) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1544829A1 (ru) * | 1987-04-07 | 1990-02-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский горно-металлургический институт цветных металлов | Способ переработки мелкозернистых свинцовых и свинцово-цинковых медьсодержащих сульфидных концентратов |
| DE3713401C1 (de) * | 1987-04-21 | 1988-03-10 | Korf Engineering Gmbh | Verfahren zur Abkuehlung erwaermten Materials und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens |
| US4770698A (en) * | 1987-09-21 | 1988-09-13 | Cominco Ltd. | Method for making low alpha count lead |
| USRE33313E (en) * | 1987-09-21 | 1990-08-28 | Cominco Ltd. | Method for making low alpha count lead |
| AU601019B2 (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1990-08-30 | Vsesojuzny Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Gorno-Metallurgichesky Institut Tsvetnykh Metallov (Vniitsvetmet) | Method of processing lead-containing sulphide materials |
| US5256186A (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1993-10-26 | Mount Isa Mines Limited | Method for the treatment of dusts and concentrates |
| KZ9B (fi) * | 1992-12-09 | 1993-12-10 | Vostoch Ni Gorno Metall Inst | |
| DE102005033099A1 (de) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-18 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Neues 1,4-Benzothiazepin-1,1-Dioxidderivat mit verbesserten Eigenschaften, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, diese Verbindung enthaltende Arzneimittel und dessen Verwendung |
| US20080130704A1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Lapoint Albert E | Electroslag smelting system and method |
| CN102618729B (zh) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-10-09 | 中南大学 | 一种熔融氧化铅渣的冶炼方法及装置 |
| DE102012011123A1 (de) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | SAXONIA Holding GmbH | Verfahren zur Verwertung von Feuerlöschpulver der Brandklasse BC |
| WO2020132752A1 (es) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | Compañia Minera Pargo Minerals Spa | Planta moderna de producción de trióxidos de antimonio, arsénico, y plomo metálico" |
| WO2020132751A1 (es) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | Compañia Minera Pargo Minerals Spa | Proceso de obtención trióxido de antimonio (sb203), trióxido de arsénico (as203) y plomo (pb) |
| CN113528821B (zh) * | 2019-07-29 | 2023-05-02 | 孙旭阳 | 利用单原子碳还原制备单质材料的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1804054A (en) * | 1929-03-29 | 1931-05-05 | Carle R Hayward | Method of treating materials containing lead |
| GB757946A (en) * | 1953-04-30 | 1956-09-26 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process of treating lead ores |
| US2926081A (en) * | 1956-05-15 | 1960-02-23 | Dravo Corp | Process of smelting zinc containing lead ores |
| US3689253A (en) * | 1970-08-27 | 1972-09-05 | Minerals Technology Corp | Reclaiming lead from storage batteries |
| US4017308A (en) * | 1973-12-20 | 1977-04-12 | Boliden Aktiebolag | Smelting and reduction of oxidic and sulphated lead material |
| SE378849B (fi) * | 1973-12-20 | 1975-09-15 | Boliden Ab | |
| BE841411A (fr) * | 1976-02-27 | 1976-09-01 | Fusion electrique de residus de sulfates de plomb | |
| US4080197A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-03-21 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process for producing lead |
-
1984
- 1984-02-07 SE SE8400624A patent/SE441189B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-12-31 IN IN973/DEL/84A patent/IN162246B/en unknown
-
1985
- 1985-01-04 AU AU37322/85A patent/AU565553B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-01-09 CA CA000471784A patent/CA1233029A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-01-15 FI FI850165A patent/FI72751C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-01-17 ZA ZA85384A patent/ZA85384B/xx unknown
- 1985-01-24 MX MX1143985A patent/MX11439A/es unknown
- 1985-01-24 MX MX27027A patent/MX164922B/es unknown
- 1985-01-29 US US06/696,096 patent/US4584017A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-02-04 AT AT85850037T patent/ATE42345T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-02-04 DE DE8585850037T patent/DE3569574D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-02-04 EP EP85850037A patent/EP0153913B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-05 DD DD85273044A patent/DD233855A1/de unknown
- 1985-02-06 ES ES540182A patent/ES540182A0/es active Granted
- 1985-02-06 JP JP60021584A patent/JPS60187633A/ja active Pending
- 1985-02-06 PL PL1985251851A patent/PL142616B1/pl unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0153913A1 (en) | 1985-09-04 |
| MX164922B (es) | 1992-10-02 |
| FI72751C (fi) | 1987-07-10 |
| FI850165L (fi) | 1985-08-08 |
| PL142616B1 (en) | 1987-11-30 |
| PL251851A1 (en) | 1985-12-17 |
| AU565553B2 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
| US4584017A (en) | 1986-04-22 |
| DD233855A1 (de) | 1986-03-12 |
| JPS60187633A (ja) | 1985-09-25 |
| ZA85384B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| IN162246B (fi) | 1988-04-23 |
| FI72751B (fi) | 1987-03-31 |
| MX11439A (es) | 1993-12-01 |
| AU3732285A (en) | 1985-08-15 |
| CA1233029A (en) | 1988-02-23 |
| ES8602957A1 (es) | 1985-11-16 |
| SE8400624D0 (sv) | 1984-02-07 |
| DE3569574D1 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
| ATE42345T1 (de) | 1989-05-15 |
| FI850165A0 (fi) | 1985-01-15 |
| SE441189B (sv) | 1985-09-16 |
| ES540182A0 (es) | 1985-11-16 |
| SE8400624L (sv) | 1985-08-08 |
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