EP0148837A1 - Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in eine sekundäre strömung von verbrennungsluft einer brennkammer. - Google Patents
Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in eine sekundäre strömung von verbrennungsluft einer brennkammer.Info
- Publication number
- EP0148837A1 EP0148837A1 EP84900267A EP84900267A EP0148837A1 EP 0148837 A1 EP0148837 A1 EP 0148837A1 EP 84900267 A EP84900267 A EP 84900267A EP 84900267 A EP84900267 A EP 84900267A EP 0148837 A1 EP0148837 A1 EP 0148837A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- air
- heating
- fuel
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
- F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
- F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
Definitions
- the invention is based on a device for injecting fuel according to the type of the main claim.
- a heating chamber is arranged between the spray opening of the fuel injection nozzle and the passage opening in the partition between the nozzle and the combustion chamber, in which the coaxial to the defined fuel jet. Heater is arranged.
- a negative pressure is created as long as the injection takes place.
- the pressure in this chamber can drop considerably below the ambient air pressure. As soon as the injection is interrupted, gas flows from the combustion chamber into the heating chamber due to the pressure difference.
- a further disadvantage of this known device is that the heating radiation of the heating device hits the fuel jet directly, so that overheating occurs on its surface, which in connection with the oxygen which is present here at least at times to some extent Pre-combustion leads. This pre-combustion is then followed by the main combustion, the efficiency of which depends on the quality of the preparation of the fuel-air mixture. However, this quality can only be maintained to the desired extent over the entire speed range if the above-described pre-combustion is constant over the entire speed range.
- this known device also has in continuous injection systems, for example for heating combustion chambers.
- This inevitably draws air past the spray jet past the spray jet into the heating chamber, which has a disadvantageous effect on the jet direction, jet shape and jet speed of the fuel jet.
- the fuel jet flutters and is usually pushed in on one side. It loses speed and is poorly distributed in the combustion chamber. This leads to increased soot emissions and reduced energy yield.
- the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that combustion air circulates almost continuously via the bypass and is heated by the heating device arranged there. Even if the fuel injection works intermittently, the fuel jet never acts against the flow of the combustion air in the bypass, but rather only drives it. At higher speeds and a correspondingly higher injection frequency, the speed of the air flow through the bypass also increases comparatively, so that there is also a correspondingly higher heating output. On the one hand, due to the largely uniform heating of the volume resulting from the speed, a much more uniform combustion process and on the other hand an improvement in emissions can be achieved. Another significant advantage is that primarily the combustion air flowing through the bypass is heated up and the heating device does not act directly on the fuel.
- the device according to the invention has an advantageous effect particularly in modern internal combustion engines with their combustion chambers optimized with regard to the flow dynamics. In contrast to the known devices, it does not have any disadvantage in terms of flow technology, but rather can be planned into that of the combustion chambers by the designer using the flow function that has been input to it, as a result of which the flow characteristics of the combustion chamber can be improved. Depending on the position of the inlet of the bypass, the combustion chamber flow is influenced directly.
- the heating element is fastened in the bypass to the air guiding device. This ensures that the
- the heating device is always located at the most favorable heating effect provided by the designer, namely where the heating surfaces are optimally coated due to known flow conditions.
- the arrangement of the heating element is particularly advantageous in the air flow upstream of the entry of the fuel jet. Due to the turbulence resulting from the flow, the air flowing upstream of the fuel inlet is effectively heated before it comes into contact with the fuel jet. As is known, in the principle of the water jet pump, air bubbles are entrained by the liquid jet, so that here the heated combustion air partly gets into the cool fuel jet. This mixing is strengthened downstream of the through opening, so that a largely homogeneous and rich fuel-air mixture is available before ignition.
- the starting aids that are usually required during a cold start, such as glow plugs and glow plugs, which cause considerable flow losses in the combustion chamber and adversely affect the soot emission, are no longer necessary when using the arrangement according to the invention.
- these known heating devices have a considerable current consumption and are therefore less suitable for continuous operation.
- the device according to the invention requires relatively little electrical energy and can therefore be used in continuous operation.
- the injection nozzle is a multi-hole nozzle with spray jets running transversely to the injection nozzle axis, the air guide device being arranged on a nozzle clamping nut with which a nozzle holder body having the spray openings can be clamped to a nozzle holder.
- the nozzle clamping nut is fixed in its position in relation to the fuel injection nozzle and thus to the combustion chamber, so that the air guide device is also fixed accordingly.
- the bypass inlet can either be arranged centrally, namely coaxially to the fuel injection nozzle, in the air guide device or transversely to the nozzle axis.
- air is additionally pressed from the combustion chamber into this heating chamber during the compression, a very simple arrangement of the heating device, for example in the form of a heating wire spiral, being advantageously possible.
- heating conductors are preferably used as the heating device, which are arranged outside of the air guiding device on the flow-swept surfaces so that the combustion air is drawn up before it enters the bypass is heated.
- the heating conductor can either be attached to the inside or outside of the funnel body and can be designed in various ways (e.g. layer, flat wire, round wire, etc.).
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection nozzle in longitudinal section, on which the first exemplary embodiment is realized
- FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 of the first exemplary embodiment on an enlarged scale
- FIG. 3 shows a variant of the thermal protection of the first exemplary embodiment 4 shows the second embodiment in longitudinal section with a funnel-shaped air inlet
- FIG. 5 shows the third embodiment in longitudinal section with radial air inflow
- FIG. 6 shows a section along line VI-VI in FIG. 5.
- a preferred area of application for the invention is the diesel engine, and the exemplary embodiments described below relate to use in such a self-igniting internal combustion engine. All three exemplary embodiments are arranged directly on the fuel injection nozzle of the diesel engine, one of which is also shown in FIG. 1, for example.
- a nozzle body 1 is clamped via a nozzle clamping nut 2 to a nozzle holder 3, which is connected to an injection pump by means of fuel lines (not shown).
- the fuel supplied intermittently by the injection pump passes through a pressure channel 4 into a pressure chamber 5 of the nozzle body 1 and shifts into Opening direction a valve needle 7 against the force of the closing spring 6.
- the pressure chamber 5 is connected to a blind hole 9, from which spray openings 11 arranged in a nozzle tip branch off.
- FIG. 2 shows this injection part of the fuel injection nozzle of the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
- the nozzle clamping nut has a tubular section 12 which runs coaxially to the injection nozzle axis and in which through openings 13 are provided for the fuel jet formed via the spray openings 11.
- the spray openings 11 and the associated through openings 13 are axially aligned. Since the tubular section 12 of the nozzle clamping nut 2 forms a partition between the fuel injector and spray nozzle and there especially the tip 10 and the combustion chamber 14 located outside this pipe section 12, the fuel jet must be able to pass through the through opening 13 unhindered.
- the fuel / air mixture then forms in the combustion chamber 14 in a conventional manner and ignites itself if the compression is sufficient.
- a heating coil 16 is arranged in this tube space 15, coaxially to the tube section 12, which is supplied with electrical energy via the cable 17 shown in FIG. 1 and with its end 18 via the nozzle tip lo is grounded.
- the air flowing from the combustion chamber 14 into the heating chamber 15 can be heated accordingly before it comes into contact with the fuel jet.
- the pump effect caused by the jet energy also ensures that this warmed-up air is mixed with the fuel jet and thus, in addition to the heating of the fuel-air mixture, for its intensive mixing and preparation.
- This heating and conditioning of the fuel-air mixture not only results in a better ignitability, but also a decrease in the soot content in the exhaust gas, since a more perfect combustion of the hydrocarbons is possible.
- a heat protection 19 is arranged transversely to the flow direction on the dome of the nozzle body 1, the end face of which towards the flow side is provided with a heat-insulating
- ⁇ NA ⁇ layer 2o is provided.
- the air flow in the bypass 15, which is heated by the heating element 16, is conducted through the heat protection 19 to the outside and thus to the through openings 13, so that overheating of the actual tip 10 and thus the spray openings 11 or even the blind hole 9 is avoided.
- a heat shield 21 is attached to the top lo ', which has the same function as the heat protection 19 described above, but is relatively easy to attach to standard perforated nozzles, for example by welding.
- the tubular section 12 ' has a funnel-shaped extension 23 towards the combustion chamber 14.
- the inlet of the bypass is expanded accordingly, so that air is drawn in from a wider zone of the combustion chamber 14.
- This air sweeps over a heating conductor 24, which is arranged on the inside of the funnel 23.
- the air then enters the cylindrical section of the air guiding device 12 ', in order to then flow again via the fuel jet and the through openings 13 into the combustion chamber 14.
- thermal protection is provided on the end face opposite the flow. 4 shows two variants of this thermal protection, one on the left and one on the right of the central axis.
- thermo insulation layer 27 with a corresponding effect.
- a conical heating coil is arranged in a funnel-shaped air guide tube which forms the bypass for heating the air
- a cylindrical corresponding bypass tube on its inner walls Heating conductors are provided.
- a tube with heating surfaces is preferably arranged coaxially in the tube or funnel.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show a third exemplary embodiment in which the air drawn in from the combustion chamber 14 flows to the fuel jets transversely to the nozzle axis. Since the fuel jets are also sprayed transversely to the injector axis, even in this exemplary embodiment, which also involves a perforated nozzle, the air inlet and outlet largely take place in a plane transverse to the injector axis.
- the combustion air is heated via heating conductors 32, which are arranged on the outer jacket surface of the hood 29 in such a way that they are captured by the inflowing air as far as possible.
- the conical hood portion 33 is the one hand, is on the other hand a part of the spherical portion 29 near the Ein ⁇ holes 31.
- the heating enables two heating stages, which can be switched on either alternatively or in parallel.
- a stronger heating output could be used during a cold start, and a weaker, for example continuous, heating could be used to improve the combustion process.
- combustion air is to be drawn from the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber through a bypass formed by an air guiding device and fed again through the injector effect of the fuel jet, this bypass flow being heated by heating devices.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84900267T ATE33169T1 (de) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-12-20 | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in eine sekundaere stroemung von verbrennungsluft einer brennkammer. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3315241 | 1983-04-27 | ||
DE19833315241 DE3315241A1 (de) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in eine sekundaere stroemung von verbrennungsluft einer brennkammer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0148837A1 true EP0148837A1 (de) | 1985-07-24 |
EP0148837B1 EP0148837B1 (de) | 1988-03-23 |
Family
ID=6197483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84900267A Expired EP0148837B1 (de) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-12-20 | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in eine sekundäre strömung von verbrennungsluft einer brennkammer |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4604975A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0148837B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS60501165A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE33169T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3315241A1 (de) |
IT (1) | IT1176060B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1984004359A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3609749A1 (de) * | 1986-03-22 | 1987-09-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in brennraeume von brennkraftmaschinen |
DE3615634A1 (de) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in einen brennraum einer brennkraftmaschine |
DE4446242A1 (de) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-06-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
GB2300224B (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1999-04-07 | Perkins Ltd | An internal combustion engine including a fuel vaporising chamber |
FR2892452A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-04-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Chambre de combustion pour moteur a injection directe et moteur comportant ladite chambre |
US8022337B2 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2011-09-20 | Locust, Usa, Inc. | Ignitor plug assembly |
DE102019114204B4 (de) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-06-23 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Verfahren zum Vorheizen von Vorkammern einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine eines Fahrzeuges mittels Heißlufteinblasung |
WO2021035029A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | Cummins Inc. | Ducted combustion shield |
DE102020125968B4 (de) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-14 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Vorkammerbrennkraftmaschine mit Kaltstartvorrichtung |
DE102022114912A1 (de) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-14 | Vladimir Habek | Adapter für eine Vorrichtung zur Einbringung eines für den Betrieb einer Kraftmaschine oder Heizung notwendigen Betriebsstoffes in einen dafür vorgesehenen Aufnahmeraum der Kraftmaschine oder Heizung |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US433807A (en) * | 1890-08-05 | Fabrik | ||
US1462514A (en) * | 1923-07-24 | Method | ||
US1641421A (en) * | 1925-07-24 | 1927-09-06 | Louis O French | Ignition device |
US1693931A (en) * | 1926-11-30 | 1928-12-04 | J W Clune Co | Burner and valvular control therefor |
US2012086A (en) * | 1931-09-03 | 1935-08-20 | Eclipse Aviat Corp | Internal combustion engine |
DE1903999C3 (de) * | 1969-01-28 | 1975-01-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Flammglühkerze als Anlaßhilfe für Diesel- und Vielstoffmotoren |
DE2031607A1 (de) * | 1970-06-26 | 1971-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Flammglühkerze als Anlaßhilfe für Diesel- und Vielstoffmotoren |
DE2112815A1 (de) * | 1971-03-17 | 1972-10-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Flammkerze als Anlasshilfe fuer Diesel- und Vielstoffmotoren |
US3926169A (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1975-12-16 | Fuel Injection Dev Corp | Combined fuel vapor injector and igniter system for internal combustion engines |
JPS553537B2 (de) * | 1974-12-11 | 1980-01-25 | ||
JPS55125363A (en) * | 1979-03-20 | 1980-09-27 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Self-heating ignitor |
DE2936426A1 (de) * | 1979-09-08 | 1981-04-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil |
DE3136852A1 (de) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-06-16 | Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Flammgluehkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
JPS57131822A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1982-08-14 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | Swirl-chamber type diesel engine |
DE3125325A1 (de) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Vorkammer fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
DE3307109A1 (de) * | 1982-08-14 | 1984-03-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in brennraeume von insbesondere selbstzuendenen brennkraftmaschinen |
-
1983
- 1983-04-27 DE DE19833315241 patent/DE3315241A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-12-20 EP EP84900267A patent/EP0148837B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-12-20 US US06/692,450 patent/US4604975A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-12-20 JP JP84500383A patent/JPS60501165A/ja active Pending
- 1983-12-20 WO PCT/DE1983/000212 patent/WO1984004359A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1983-12-20 DE DE8484900267T patent/DE3376080D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-12-20 AT AT84900267T patent/ATE33169T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-04-16 IT IT20550/84A patent/IT1176060B/it active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8404359A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT8420550A1 (it) | 1985-10-16 |
EP0148837B1 (de) | 1988-03-23 |
JPS60501165A (ja) | 1985-07-25 |
IT8420550A0 (it) | 1984-04-16 |
DE3376080D1 (en) | 1988-04-28 |
WO1984004359A1 (en) | 1984-11-08 |
ATE33169T1 (de) | 1988-04-15 |
US4604975A (en) | 1986-08-12 |
DE3315241A1 (de) | 1984-10-31 |
IT1176060B (it) | 1987-08-12 |
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