EP0147340A1 - Electric generator for infra-red radiation - Google Patents

Electric generator for infra-red radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147340A1
EP0147340A1 EP84420206A EP84420206A EP0147340A1 EP 0147340 A1 EP0147340 A1 EP 0147340A1 EP 84420206 A EP84420206 A EP 84420206A EP 84420206 A EP84420206 A EP 84420206A EP 0147340 A1 EP0147340 A1 EP 0147340A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
infrared rays
screen
electric
infra
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84420206A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0147340B1 (en
Inventor
Yves Trambouze
Michel Ces Les Battières Charmes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AJC SOCIETE ANONYME;ACINOV, S.A.R.L.
Original Assignee
Acir Dite Ste
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Publication date
Application filed by Acir Dite Ste filed Critical Acir Dite Ste
Priority to AT84420206T priority Critical patent/ATE28698T1/en
Publication of EP0147340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0147340A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0147340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0147340B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/24—Radiant bodies or panels for radiation heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/06—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements
    • F24C7/062—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements on stoves
    • F24C7/065—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements on stoves with reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/009—Heating devices using lamps heating devices not specially adapted for a particular application

Abstract

A housing 2 contains at least one emitter 3, 4 of infra-red rays at short wave lengths disposed inside a reflector 5-6. A mat 8 of refractory fibers impregnated with catalyst is disposed in front of each emitter 3, 4, which screen emits longer wave lengths of infra-red rays when heated by the emitters. An emission of infra-red rays over a broad spectrum is therefore obtained. In addition, combustible gases contained in the heated space may be oxidized in contact with the screen 8 if the latter is impregnated with catalyst.

Description

La présente invention est relative à des perfectionnements apportés aux générateurs électriques de rayons infra-rouges.The present invention relates to improvements made to electric generators of infrared rays.

Les appareils du genre en question, qui sont bien connus dans la pratique, sont réalisés soit sous la forme d'un filament nu sous vide ou non, ou enrobé de matière réfractaire, soit sous la forme d'un dépôt de surface d'une matière électro-résistante sur un isolant électrique de manière qu'il soit capable d'atteindre une température comprise entre 1 000 et 2 500°C par circulation d'un courant électrique. Ce générateur émet des rayons infra-rouges de faible longueur d'onde, c'est-à-dire dont la majorité de l'émission se situe entre 0,75 et 3 microns.Apparatuses of the kind in question, which are well known in the art, are produced either in the form of a bare filament under vacuum or not, or coated with refractory material, or in the form of a surface deposit of a electro-resistant material on an electrical insulator so that it is capable of reaching a temperature between 1000 and 2500 ° C by circulation of an electric current. This generator emits infrared rays of short wavelength, that is to say of which the majority of the emission is between 0.75 and 3 microns.

On utilise de tels générateurs électriques soit comme chauffage électrique, soit encore comme chauffage industriel, par exemple pour traiter le revêtement d'un support tel qu'une peinture en vue de sa cuisson.Such electric generators are used either as electric heating, or even as industrial heating, for example to treat the coating of a support such as a paint for its baking.

On s'est aperçu que les matières à traiter sont beaucoup plus transparentes aux rayons infra-rouges courts qui traversent donc dans le revêtement considéré, si bien qu'il n'est pas traité dans toute son épaisseur.It has been found that the materials to be treated are much more transparent to the short infrared rays which therefore pass through the coating in question, so that it is not treated in its entire thickness.

On sait d'autre part que pour traiter convenablement toute l'épaisseur d'un revêtement, il est nécessaire d'émettre un spectre de rayons infra-rouges large, c'est-à-dire dont les longueurs d'onde varient d'environ 0,75 à 10 microns.We also know that to properly treat the entire thickness of a coating, it is necessary to emit a wide spectrum of infrared rays, that is to say whose wavelengths vary from about 0.75 to 10 microns.

Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à permettre la réalisation d'un générateur électrique de rayon infra-rouges comportant un large spectre.The improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to allow the production of an electric generator of infrared ray comprising a broad spectrum.

Elle vise encore à réaliser un épurateur atmosphérique fonctionnant en même temps qu'il émet des rayons infra-rouges à large spectre.It also aims to produce an atmospheric purifier operating at the same time as it emits infrared rays with a broad spectrum.

A cet effet, on associe à un émetteur électrique usuel placé devant un réflecteur, un support réfractaire à la chaleur, possédant une transparence aux rayons infra-rouges émis par l'émetteur, ledit support étant porté à une température à laquelle il émet des rayons infra-rouges de longueurs d'ondes plus importantes que celles des rayons de l'émetteur lui-même.For this purpose, we associate with a usual electric transmitter placed in front of a reflector, a heat-refractory support, having transparency to the infrared rays emitted by the emitter, said support being brought to a temperature at which it emits infrared rays of wavelengths greater than those of the spokes of the transmitter itself.

Le support réfractaire peut être recouvert dans sa masse ou en surface d'un catalyseur d'oxydation, de telle sorte que si l'échauffement des corps placés sous l'action du générateur suivant l'invention produit une évaporation de solvant ou autre gaz inflammable, ils sont oxydés au niveau du support catalytique avant leur échauffement à la température d'auto-inflammation. On obtient donc un générateur électrique pouvant fonctionner en atmosphère explosive et qui, par oxydation des gaz combustibles au contact du catalyseur permet une épuration de l'atmosphère en question.The refractory support may be covered in its bulk or on the surface with an oxidation catalyst, so that if the heating of the bodies placed under the action of the generator according to the invention produces an evaporation of solvent or other flammable gas , they are oxidized at the level of the catalytic support before they heat up to the auto-ignition temperature. An electric generator is therefore obtained which can operate in an explosive atmosphere and which, by oxidation of the combustible gases in contact with the catalyst, makes it possible to purify the atmosphere in question.

Bien entendu, ce fonctionnement en épuration correspond aussi à l'oxydation de tout gaz combustible se trouvant dans l'atmosphère chauffée.Of course, this purification operation also corresponds to the oxidation of any combustible gas found in the heated atmosphere.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer :

  • Fig. 1 est une vue éclatée d'un générateur électrique établi conformément à une première forme d'exécution de l'invention.
  • Fig. 2 en est une coupe transversale à l'état monté.
  • Fig. 3 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 1, mais illustrant un générateur dans lequel le support réfractaire à la chaleur est imprégné d'au moins un catalyseur.
  • Fig. 4 est une coupe transversale d'un générateur électrique tel qu'illustré en fig. 3.
The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an electric generator established in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section thereof in the assembled state.
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, but illustrating a generator in which the heat-refractory support is impregnated with at least one catalyst.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section of a generator electric as illustrated in fig. 3.

Le générateur électrique de rayons infra-rouges illustré en fig. 1 comprend essentiellement un appareil usuel 1 - formé d'un boîtier 2 dans lequel sont situés deux émetteurs de rayons infra-rouges qu'on a référencés 3 et 4. Ces émetteurs peuvent être réalisés soit au moyen d'un filament de tungstène disposé dans une enveloppe de quartz à l'air libre ou sous vide, soit à l'aide de lampes électriques, soit sous la forme d'une résistance électrique blindée, c'est-à-dire composée d'un filament enrobé par la magnésie dans une enveloppe métallique, soit d'un dépôt électro- résistant recouvrant un isolant électrique. Dans l'exemple représenté, les émetteurs 3 et 4 sont constitués par ce qu'on appelle dans la technique un tube à quartz capable d'atteindre une température d'environ 2 500°C lorsqu'il est parcouru par un courant électrique. Les deux émetteurs sont chacun placés devant un réflecteur 5 respectivement 6, de forme appropriée et réalisés en une matière présentant les qualités nécessaires pour réfléchir les rayons infra-rouges. Il n'est pas utile de décrire plus -dans le détail un tel appareil qu'on peut se procurer dans le commerce, qu'il soit à simple ou à multiples émetteurs.The electric generator of infrared rays illustrated in fig. 1 essentially comprises a conventional device 1 - formed of a housing 2 in which are located two emitters of infrared rays which have been referenced 3 and 4. These emitters can be produced either by means of a tungsten filament placed in an envelope of quartz in the open air or under vacuum, either using electric lamps, or in the form of an armored electrical resistance, that is to say composed of a filament coated with magnesia in a metal casing, or an electro-resistant deposit covering an electrical insulator. In the example shown, the emitters 3 and 4 are constituted by what is known in the art as a quartz tube capable of reaching a temperature of approximately 2,500 ° C. when it is traversed by an electric current. The two transmitters are each placed in front of a reflector 5 respectively 6, of suitable shape and made of a material having the qualities necessary for reflecting the infrared rays. There is no need to describe in more detail such a device that is commercially available, whether it is single or multiple transmitters.

Conformément à l'invention, on protège le boîtier 2 au moyen d'un support réfractaire à la chaleur affecté de la référence générale 7. Ce support est établi sous la forme d'un écran 8 de matière réfractaire telle que par exemple la silice, l'alumine, la zircone, ledit écran se présentant sous la forme d'un rectangle dont les dimensions correspondent à celle de l'ouverture du boîtier 2. Cet écran est limité par deux grilles 9 qui sont associées à des ailes 10, 11 qui viennent chevaucher le boîtier 2 à la manière d'un couvercle, comme illustré en fig. 2. Bien entendu, la matière choisie pour réaliser l'écran 8 possède une transparence aux rayons infra-rouges émis par les émetteurs-3 et 4.In accordance with the invention, the casing 2 is protected by means of a heat refractory support assigned to the general reference 7. This support is established in the form of a screen 8 of refractory material such as for example silica, alumina, zirconia, said screen being in the form of a rectangle whose dimensions correspond to that of the opening of the housing 2. This screen is limited by two grids 9 which are associated with wings 10, 11 which overlap the housing 2 in the manner of a cover, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Of course, the material chosen to make the screen 8 has transparency to the infrared rays emitted by the emitters-3 and 4.

En effet, lesdits émetteurs engendrent des rayons infra-rouges de faible longueur d'onde, c'est-à-dire comprise entre 0,75 et 3 microns (majorité de l'émission) qui traversent l'écran 8 tout en l'échauffant de manière à augmenter très sensiblement sa température. De cette façon, l'écran 8 est porté à une température comprise entre 400 et 1 000°C, de telle sorte qu'il émet un rayonnement infra-rouge propre dont les longueurs d'ondes sont supérieures à celles des émetteurs 3 et 4. Ainsi, l'addition du rayonnement émis par ces derniers et traversant en partie l'écran 8, et du rayonnement propre à celui-ci, permet d'obtenir une dissipation de l'énergie rayonnée sur un large spectre infra-rouge.Indeed, said transmitters generate infrared rays short wavelength, that is to say between 0.75 and 3 microns (majority of the emission) which cross the screen 8 while heating it so as to very significantly increase its temperature. In this way, the screen 8 is brought to a temperature of between 400 and 1000 ° C., so that it emits clean infrared radiation whose wavelengths are greater than those of the emitters 3 and 4. Thus, the addition of the radiation emitted by the latter and partly passing through the screen 8, and of the radiation specific thereto, makes it possible to obtain a dissipation of the energy radiated over a wide infrared spectrum.

D'une façon générale, comme la matière qui doit être traitée est beaucoup plus transparente aux infra-rouges courts qu'aux infra-rouges moyens, les premiers pénètrent dans la matière en question, alors que les seconds se cantonnent à une action en surface. L'émission d'un spectre large permet une action dans toute l'épaisseur de la matière.In general, as the material to be treated is much more transparent to short infrared than to medium infrared, the former penetrate the matter in question, while the latter are confined to surface action . The emission of a broad spectrum allows an action in all the thickness of the matter.

Dans une seconde forme d'exécution de l'invention, on imprègne l'écran 8 en surface ou dans la masse d'au moins un catalyseur tel que le platine, le paladium, le nickel, le fer etc... ou des mélanges de ces métaux. Dans ces conditions, l'élévation de température de l'écran 8 due aux infra-rouges courts provenant des émetteurs 3 et 4 permet de faire fonctionner l'écran 8 en véritable support catalytique au contact des gaz et vapeurs combustibles contenus dans l'atmosphère chauffée. Dans ces conditions, ceux-ci sont oxydés par ledit support et l'on obtient ainsi un épurateur d'atmosphère.In a second embodiment of the invention, the screen 8 is impregnated on the surface or in the mass with at least one catalyst such as platinum, paladium, nickel, iron, etc. or mixtures of these metals. Under these conditions, the rise in temperature of the screen 8 due to the short infrared coming from the emitters 3 and 4 makes it possible to operate the screen 8 in true catalytic support in contact with the combustible gases and vapors contained in the atmosphere. heated. Under these conditions, these are oxidized by said support and an atmosphere purifier is thus obtained.

A cet effet, l'appareil est légèrement modifié et en particulier le boîtier 2 est associé à un conduit 12 aboutissant dans l'espace 13 situé à l'arrière des réflecteurs 5 et 6. Ceux-ci comportent des ouies longitudinales 5a, 6a mettant en communication l'espace 13 et les compartiments déterminés entre chaque déflecteur et l'écran 8.To this end, the device is slightly modified and in particular the housing 2 is associated with a conduit 12 terminating in the space 13 located at the rear of the reflectors 5 and 6. These include longitudinal outlets 5a, 6a putting in communication the space 13 and the compartments determined between each deflector and the screen 8.

Bien entendu, l'épurateur peut fonctionner par convection naturelle, c'est-à-dire par simple contact des gaz combustibles avec l'écran catalytique ou par convection forcée comme on l'a montré, c'est-à-dire en aspirant dans la canalisation 12 de manière que les gaz et vapeurs combustibles contenus dans l'atmosphère chauffée traversent le support catalytique dans le sens des flèches en pointillés. On peut aussi inverser le flux avec le même objectif, mais en obtenant un refroidissement amélioré (de la) ou des sources de rayons d'infra-rouges. Ainsi, les gaz ou vapeurs sont aspirés avec l'air contenu dans l'atmosphère chauffés et envoyés sous pression dans l'appareil afin de traverser l'écran de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur dans le sens des flèches en traits continus en fig. 4.Of course, the purifier can operate by natural convection, that is to say by simple contact of combustible gases with the catalytic screen or by forced convection as has been shown, that is to say by suction in line 12 so that the combustible gases and vapors contained in the heated atmosphere pass through the catalytic support in the direction of the dashed arrows. We can also reverse the flow with the same objective, but by obtaining improved cooling (of the) or sources of infrared rays. Thus, the gases or vapors are sucked with the air contained in the heated atmosphere and sent under pressure to the device in order to cross the screen from the inside to the outside in the direction of the arrows in solid lines in fig . 4.

Claims (3)

1. Générateur électrique de rayons infra-rouges du genre comportant au moins un émetteur électrique (3, 4) de tels rayons placé devant un réflecteur (5, 6), un écran réfractaire à la chaleur (8) possédant une transparence aux rayons infra-rouges émis par l'émetteur (3, 4) étant placé à l'avant de l'émetteur afin d'être porté à une température à laquelle il émet des rayons infra-rouges de longueurs d'ondes plus importantes afin de constituer avec l'émetteur (3, 4) un générateur à spectre infra-rouge large, caractérisé en ce que le support réfractaire (8) constitue un écran catalytique permettant d'oxyder les vapeurs de gaz combustibles venant à son contact.1. An electric generator of infrared rays of the kind comprising at least one electric transmitter (3, 4) of such rays placed in front of a reflector (5, 6), a heat-refractory screen (8) having transparency to infrared rays -red emitted by the transmitter (3, 4) being placed in front of the transmitter in order to be brought to a temperature at which it emits infrared rays of longer wavelengths in order to constitute with the transmitter (3, 4) a generator with a wide infrared spectrum, characterized in that the refractory support (8) constitutes a catalytic screen making it possible to oxidize the vapors of combustible gases coming into contact with it. 2. Générateur électrique suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'espace (12) situé entre le support catalytique (8) et l'émetteur électrique (3, 4) de rayons infra-rouges est mis en dépression afin de faire traverser ledit support par les gaz ou vapeurs combustibles se trouvant dans l'atmosphère chauffée.2. Electric generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the space (12) located between the catalytic support (8) and the electric emitter (3, 4) of infrared rays is placed under vacuum in order to make it pass through said support by combustible gases or vapors being in the heated atmosphere. 3. Générateur électrique suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'air contenu dans l'atmosphère chauffée est envoyé sous pression dans l'espace compris entre le support catalytique (8) et l'émetteur (3, 4) afin que les gaz ou vapeurs dont il est chargé traversent ledit support (8) pour être oxydés.3. Electric generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the air contained in the heated atmosphere is sent under pressure into the space between the catalytic support (8) and the emitter (3, 4) so that the gases or vapors with which it is charged pass through said support (8) to be oxidized.
EP84420206A 1983-12-12 1984-12-11 Electric generator for infra-red radiation Expired EP0147340B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84420206T ATE28698T1 (en) 1983-12-12 1984-12-11 ELECTRIC INFRARED RADIATION GENERATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8320081A FR2556547B1 (en) 1983-12-12 1983-12-12 IMPROVED ELECTRICAL GENERATOR OF INFRARED RAYS CONSTITUTING ATMOSPHERE PURIFIER
FR8320081 1983-12-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0147340A1 true EP0147340A1 (en) 1985-07-03
EP0147340B1 EP0147340B1 (en) 1987-07-29

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EP84420206A Expired EP0147340B1 (en) 1983-12-12 1984-12-11 Electric generator for infra-red radiation

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4626659A (en)
EP (1) EP0147340B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60198079A (en)
AT (1) ATE28698T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1255075A (en)
DE (1) DE3465140D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2556547B1 (en)

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FR2246111A1 (en) * 1973-01-19 1975-04-25 Etienne E Miniaturised very short wave length transmitter - is powered by dry battery and its wave lengths can be modified between defined limits
FR2446444A1 (en) * 1979-01-12 1980-08-08 Pequignot Michel Diffusion of IR radiation - is provided by protective silica sheet spaced apart from electrical heating elements
EP0074748A2 (en) * 1981-09-01 1983-03-23 YOSHIHARA & CO. LTD. Sauna

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3804704A1 (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-08-25 Senju Metal Industry Co INFRARED HEATING DEVICE
EP0399178A1 (en) * 1989-05-24 1990-11-28 Bosch-Siemens HausgerÀ¤te GmbH Cooker with a radiant heater
DE3917000C2 (en) * 1989-05-24 2000-10-26 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Radiant heating device for cooking appliances
FR2727748A1 (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-07 Thermal Quartz Schmelze Radiation projector for quartz glass-halogen type lamp
WO1996018280A1 (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-13 Christian Ullrich Radiation projector and radiator screen
FR2777496A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-22 Sunkiss Aeronautique Reconstitution of composite with surface- or deeper defect, including foam structures normally heated with difficulty
WO1999054117A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-28 Sunkiss Aeronautique Method for obtaining, repairing and reconstructing an object, with a composite part or material
US6355203B1 (en) 1998-04-17 2002-03-12 Sunkiss Aeronautique Method of obtaining, repairing or reconstructing an object, with a composite part of material
WO2011071458A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-16 Osman Yasar Dane A heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60198079A (en) 1985-10-07
FR2556547A1 (en) 1985-06-14
EP0147340B1 (en) 1987-07-29
JPH0369150B2 (en) 1991-10-31
ATE28698T1 (en) 1987-08-15
US4626659A (en) 1986-12-02
DE3465140D1 (en) 1987-09-03
CA1255075A (en) 1989-06-06
FR2556547B1 (en) 1986-09-05

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