EP0146468B1 - Embase en béton de type ballastable pour plate-forme en mer - Google Patents

Embase en béton de type ballastable pour plate-forme en mer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146468B1
EP0146468B1 EP84402550A EP84402550A EP0146468B1 EP 0146468 B1 EP0146468 B1 EP 0146468B1 EP 84402550 A EP84402550 A EP 84402550A EP 84402550 A EP84402550 A EP 84402550A EP 0146468 B1 EP0146468 B1 EP 0146468B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lattice
bars
base
nodes
base according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84402550A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0146468A2 (fr
EP0146468A3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bouygues SA
Original Assignee
Bouygues SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bouygues SA filed Critical Bouygues SA
Publication of EP0146468A2 publication Critical patent/EP0146468A2/fr
Publication of EP0146468A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146468A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0146468B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146468B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0004—Nodal points
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/025—Reinforced concrete structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1906—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central spherical, semispherical or polyhedral connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/199—Details of roofs, floors or walls supported by the framework
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1993—Details of framework supporting structure, e.g. posts or walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ballastable concrete base for an offshore platform.
  • Ballastable concrete bases of offshore platforms consist of solid concrete walls. These bases can be suitable for platforms intended for cold seas because they have sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the ice which can be very high but it has the disadvantage of having a very high weight. We tried to reduce this weight by using light concrete but this solution is very expensive and does not give any satisfaction.
  • the present invention aims to provide a base which can be made of normal concrete, which offers maximum resistance and which, however, is of reasonable weight.
  • the base of the present invention essentially consists of a volume formed by a rigid three-dimensional lattice of concrete bars assembled into concrete nodes, certain nodes being connected to each other by clamping cables which pass outside the bars and which optionally pass through intermediate nodes, these cables performing a three-dimensional prestressing of the entire trellis, the base comprising means for making the sides and the bottom of the trellis waterproof.
  • the platform base shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a hexagonal base whose edge is 72 m.
  • This base consists of a trellis which is provided with a sealed front and which has a sealed bottom.
  • the trellis consists of concrete bars assembled in nodes and the lateral facade of this trellis constitutes inclined planes on which the facade of the base rests.
  • the trellis it is convenient to constitute the trellis by an assembly of regular tetrahedra, the nodes constituting the vertices of the tetrahedra and the bars being arranged according to the edges of the tetrahedra.
  • the lattice bars form squares in planes inclined at 50-60 °, form equilateral triangles in planes inclined at 65-75 ° and form equilateral triangles in horizontal planes.
  • the sides of the trellis alternately comprise planes where the bars of the trellis form equilateral or isosceles triangles and planes where the bars of the trellis form squares or rectangles.
  • the section plane of Figure 1 is a vertical plane and the view represents one half of the section plane.
  • Figure 2 there are shown horizontal section planes.
  • Figure 2 is divided in six portions which each represent a fraction of horizontal section at a certain level.
  • marks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 represent section planes at levels 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m approximately.
  • the lower plane of the trellis which is made up of a mosaic of equilateral triangles A, B, C whose sides are formed by bars of the trellis and whose vertices are formed by lattice nodes.
  • section plane in FIG. 1 is a plane along the line A-A in FIG. 2.
  • the trellis is produced by any suitable technique and the following technique is preferably used.
  • blocks comprising a central core and arms which radiate from the core are molded by injection molding in a closed mold.
  • the core is intended to constitute a knot of the trellis and each arm is intended to constitute a part of a trellis bar.
  • the invention makes it possible to carry out a large part of the work outside the dry dock, since only the assembly of the blocks is carried out in dry dock.
  • any suitable means can be used and, preferably, the two arms are provided, at prefabrication, with two housings which will open out opposite one another when the arms are placed end to end, these two housings being each provided with a passage making it possible to introduce mortar into the housings and, simultaneously, to empty the air from the housings.
  • a common frame is placed in the two housings, the junction of the two arms is surrounded by a sleeve and mortar is introduced into the two housings until it sets.
  • the sleeve provides lateral sealing.
  • a sleeve made of heat-shrinkable material is used.
  • the mortar which fills the housings can constitute between the opposite faces of the two arms a more or less thick joint acting as a jack between the two arms.
  • This more or less thick joint J makes it possible to position the two prefabricated blocks on demand one with respect to the other and it is the same step by step for all the blocks.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram explaining the technique of assembling two arms, as described above.
  • the arms are marked 14, 14 ', the corresponding cores 15, 15', the corresponding housings 16, 16 ', the passages of the housings 17,17', the sleeve 18 and the frame 19.
  • the arms are bars whose cross section is part of a circle with a diameter of 20 to 100 cm and which have a length of 2 to 10 meters. Preference is given to bars of circular section whose diameter is in the range 30-80 cm and preferably used for the assembly of the arms, a mortar having a high compressive strength, of the order of 600 to 1,000 bars.
  • each arm constitutes a half bar.
  • the entire trellis is clamped by cables which carry out a three-dimensional prestress. These cables are fixed at their ends to nodes of the trellis.
  • a cable alternately and repeatedly meets a trellis bar which it crosses substantially in the middle and orthogonally, and a node of the trellis which it crosses.
  • Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing shows, by way of example only, a block consisting of a core'1 from which radiate 12 arms (2-13) which each constitute a half-bar of the trellis.
  • the blocks located on the end planes of the trellis that is to say the planes which constitute the bottom, the sides and the top of the trellis, have a lower number of arms, as it is understood.
  • the bottom and sides of the base are sealed.
  • the waterproof bottom is preferably made up by a mosaic of pyramids, which allows it to sink on demand into the underlying soil at the final location of the platform.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective showing an element of the pyramid in one of the lattice tetrahedra.
  • the pyramid and the tetrahedron have a common base DEF but the vertex G of the tetrahedron is above the vertex H of the pyramid.
  • the two halves are then assembled by any suitable method and, for example, by a technique analogous to that which allows the assembly of two arms to form a bar.
  • the pyramids at the bottom of the base are mounted at the same time as the nodes of the lower level of the trellis are mounted.
  • the facade of the base is preferably an embossed concrete facade.
  • This facade (FIG. 6), it is convenient to prefabricate concrete dihedra made up of two planes P1 P2 and to join these planes to the bars of the surface of the lattice against which the facade is applied. It is therefore advantageous that in this surface the bars of the trellis constitute rectangles which extend in the height of the surface of the trellis and the walls P1, P2 are tightly joined with the bars b located along the long sides of the rectangle. and so step by step.
  • FIGS 7 to 10 show alternative embodiments according to the invention.
  • the molded block consists of a spherical central core 15 from which radiate cylindrical arms 14. A part of a lattice made up of these blocks is shown to the right of the block and we see on this lattice sleeves 18 which are mounted on the lattice bars.
  • FIG. 9 part of a trellis is shown.
  • the bars of the trellis which are in the planes underlying the facade are arranged along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of triangles T which, possibly, draw trapezoids.
  • These provisions are not limiting and are given only by way of example.
  • part of the side façade has also been shown.
  • this side facade is made up of facade portions.
  • each portion of the facade is integral with one of the tetrahedrons of the lattice and the various portions of the facades are made contiguous step by step by mortar or added concrete.
  • FIG. 10 is a simplified view schematically showing two prestressing cables 20, 21.
  • the prestressing cable 20 is straight and its ends are fixed to two nodes 22, 23 of the trellis.
  • the cable crosses several bars of the trellis such as bars 24, 25 but remains outside the bars.
  • the prestressing cable 21 is also attached at its two ends to nodes 26, 27 of the trellis, but this cable is not straight and it is deflected by nodes of the trellis such as nodes 28, 29.
  • the node 28 is provided a groove 30 and the node 29 is provided with an internal passage 31 for deflecting the cable 21. Only part of the arms of these nodes is shown in the drawing.
  • the invention is not limited to a specific geometrical arrangement of the bars but, preferably, the bars of the lateral faces of the trellis are arranged along the sides of equilateral or isosceles triangles and / or along the sides of rectangles or squares.
  • the side faces are planes inclined with respect to the vertical but, in other embodiments, they are vertical.
  • the sides and bottom of the trellis are sealed by any suitable means.
  • the seal is obtained by a plurality of concrete walls which are fixed in a sealed manner or which are in one piece with the bars of the lattice which are located in the lateral faces and in the bottom face of the lattice.
  • the walls which seal one side of the trellis are arranged in a pleated arrangement, which reduces the effects of the temperature difference between the part of this side which is in the water and the part of this side which is in the water. - above the water.
  • Such a temperature difference, which in cold seas can be 50 ° C or more, could cause destructive stresses if the side walls were flat.
  • the term "pleated must be understood as a global term which includes all configurations and all dimensions of pleats.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the production of structures at sea, including to form reservoirs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
EP84402550A 1983-12-14 1984-12-11 Embase en béton de type ballastable pour plate-forme en mer Expired EP0146468B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8320091A FR2556756B1 (fr) 1983-12-14 1983-12-14 Embase en beton de type ballastable pour plate-forme en mer
FR8320091 1983-12-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0146468A2 EP0146468A2 (fr) 1985-06-26
EP0146468A3 EP0146468A3 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0146468B1 true EP0146468B1 (fr) 1987-03-25

Family

ID=9295202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402550A Expired EP0146468B1 (fr) 1983-12-14 1984-12-11 Embase en béton de type ballastable pour plate-forme en mer

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4653959A (ja)
EP (1) EP0146468B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6124716A (ja)
KR (1) KR890004174B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1218242A (ja)
DE (1) DE3462811D1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2556756B1 (ja)
MX (1) MX162914B (ja)
OA (1) OA07895A (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2659368B1 (fr) * 1990-03-12 1992-07-10 Bouygues Offshore Structure tubulaire en beton, notamment pour structure en mer.
US12000104B1 (en) * 2022-03-10 2024-06-04 Theo Robert Seeley Green gravity retaining wall

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US954283A (en) * 1908-01-17 1910-04-05 Frederick W Hawkes Revetment.
US1425114A (en) * 1922-02-28 1922-08-08 Luard Edward Sydney Concrete construction
FR901127A (fr) * 1943-09-06 1945-07-18 Procédé de construction
US2653451A (en) * 1948-07-02 1953-09-29 Brown And Root Inc Pedestal
US2970388A (en) * 1956-05-07 1961-02-07 Edward H Yonkers Education device
US3083793A (en) * 1959-09-21 1963-04-02 Brout Robert Benedict Membrane sustained roof structure
US3284113A (en) * 1964-03-04 1966-11-08 William M Howell Picture frame structure
US3343324A (en) * 1964-03-24 1967-09-26 Gordon William Underwater structural unit
US3382625A (en) * 1965-05-19 1968-05-14 Robert S. Kuss Prestressed enclosure
GB1125840A (en) * 1966-09-06 1968-09-05 Nat Res Dev Skeletal molecular models
US3466823A (en) * 1967-11-27 1969-09-16 Seamus Dowling Space form skeleton structures made of prefabricated tri-axial interlocking building elements having non-rigid force distributing connectors
US3722153A (en) * 1970-05-04 1973-03-27 Zomeworks Corp Structural system
JPS523487B2 (ja) * 1973-01-11 1977-01-28
FR2287378A1 (fr) * 1974-10-07 1976-05-07 Seven Seas Engin Ltd Perfectionnements aux structures cellulaires en beton
FR2299462A1 (fr) * 1975-01-31 1976-08-27 Ono Taisaburo Element de construction d'echafaudage sous l'eau
US4059931A (en) * 1976-01-29 1977-11-29 Mongan William T Building framing system for post-tensioned modular building structures
US4074497A (en) * 1976-06-01 1978-02-21 Taisaburo Ono Underwater trusses for breakwater structure
JPS5434244A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-03-13 Minolta Camera Co Ltd Developing sleeve
US4161088A (en) * 1977-11-11 1979-07-17 Gugliotta Paul F Pipe-and-ball truss array
US4189252A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-02-19 Cygnus X-5 Company Inc. Undersea platform construction system
JPS5595714A (en) * 1979-01-12 1980-07-21 Takechi Koumushiyo:Kk Pile unit and pile with knot
US4426173A (en) * 1981-08-27 1984-01-17 Exxon Production Research Co. Remote alignment method and apparatus
US4504172A (en) * 1983-07-11 1985-03-12 Mobil Oil Corporation Caisson shield for arctic offshore production platform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6124716A (ja) 1986-02-03
CA1218242A (en) 1987-02-24
EP0146468A2 (fr) 1985-06-26
FR2556756B1 (fr) 1987-08-28
EP0146468A3 (en) 1985-08-21
FR2556756A1 (fr) 1985-06-21
OA07895A (fr) 1986-11-20
DE3462811D1 (en) 1987-04-30
KR890004174B1 (ko) 1989-10-23
JPH0317005B2 (ja) 1991-03-07
US4653959A (en) 1987-03-31
KR850004286A (ko) 1985-07-11
MX162914B (es) 1991-07-08

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