EP0146264A2 - Régulation d'un système de chauffage central - Google Patents
Régulation d'un système de chauffage central Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0146264A2 EP0146264A2 EP84307939A EP84307939A EP0146264A2 EP 0146264 A2 EP0146264 A2 EP 0146264A2 EP 84307939 A EP84307939 A EP 84307939A EP 84307939 A EP84307939 A EP 84307939A EP 0146264 A2 EP0146264 A2 EP 0146264A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- branch
- fluid
- water
- temperature
- space heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/254—Room temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
Definitions
- This invention relates to the control of a central heating system of the type in which a condensing-type fuel burning appliance is operable to heat a fluid to serve as a heat source to supply space heating and hot water in a circuit through which the fluid is circulated at least during operation of the appliance and which has a first branch incorporating space heating means for releasing heat from the fluid and a second branch for providing heating of the hot water stored in a reservoir.
- the condensing-type fuel burning appliance usually takes the form of a fuel fired boiler, for instance, a gas boiler.
- the fluid heat source is usually water and in boilers of the condensing type at least a proportion of the combustion products leaving the boiler are caused to condense by heat exchange with the water entering or leaving the boiler. This increases the overall heat content of the boiler water and therefore the overall efficiency of the system.
- condensing boilers work most efficiently when the temperature of the water with which the combustion products exchange their heat is as low as possible (preferably no more than 55°C) commensurate with satisfactory operation. In practice with present systems the temperature of the return water to the boiler may be higher than that necessary to provide efficient boiler operation.
- One method by which the efficiency of the boiler may be raised during periods when both space heating and domestic hot water are required is to provide a priority supply of boiler heated water to the branch in which reservoir water is being heated.
- the flow of the heating water to each branch is separated but heated water is supplied preferentially to the domestic hot water (DHW) branch until the temperature of the stored water in the reservoir has reached a preset level.
- DHW domestic hot water
- the flow of heated water is diverted to the space heating (SH) branch until the ambient temperture has reached a preset level or the temperature of the stored water has fallen below its preset level.
- SH space heating
- the heated water is then diverted to the DHW branch once more and the process continues. This procedure does at least ensure that the temperature of the return water to the boiler is relatively low (less than 70°C) during at least part of the heating cycle.
- a method for controlling a central heating system of the type defined comprising operating the burner and, while there is a demand for the heated fluid for space heating and for heating the stored water, directing the heated fluid to flow by way of the space heating branch until the temperature of the fluid at a point in the space heating branch downstream of the space heating means is at or above a preset level, then directing the fluid to flow by way of the domestic hot water branch until the fluid temperature at a point outside the space heating branch is at or above a preset level and providing that the temperature of the fluid at the point in the space heating branch is below the present level directing the fluid to flow by way of the space heating branch and repeating the procedure.
- apparatus for controlling a central heating system of the type defined comprising means for operating the burner appliance, means for circulating the fluid at least during operation of the appliance, a first sensor for sensing the temperature of the fluid at a point in the space heating branch downstream of the space heating means, a second sensor for sensing the temperature of the fluid at a point outside the space heating branch, and fluid flow director means responsive to the sensors and operable, while there is a demand for the heated fluid to provide space heating and heat the stored water, to direct the fluid to flow by means of the space heating branch until the temperature sensed by the first sensor is at or above a preset level then by way of the domestic hot water branch until the temperature sensed by the second sensor is at or above a preset level providing that the temperature sensed by the first sensor is below the preset level then by way of the space heating branch once again and thereafter repeating the procedure.
- the system comprises a condensing gas-fired boiler 1 which is operable to heat water to serve as a heat source system for supplying both hot water and space heating.
- the system includes a circuit 2 through which water heated by the boiler 1 is circulated by a pump 3 at least while the boiler 1 is operating.
- the circuit includes an electrically operated diverter valve 4 by means of which the heated flow water flowing in the flow pipe 5 may be diverted either into a first branch 6 or a second branch 7.
- the first branch 6 provides circulation of the heated water through space heating means in the form of radiators 8 connected in parallel in the branch 6 and by means of which heat from the heated water may be released to provide space heating.
- the second branch 7 provides circulation of the heated water through a reservoir in the form of a storage cylinder 9 to enable water stored in the cylinder 9 to be heated by a conventional calorifier 10 by heat exchange with the circulating water.
- the cylinder 9 is supplied with gravity fed cold water by a supply pipe 11 extending downwardly from a header tank 12 mounted above the cylinder 9. Stored hot water may be drawn off as required for domestic purposes by a pipe 13 via taps 14.
- the boiler 1 as is conventional incorporates gas burners for heating the circulating water in a heat exchanger in the boiler, a gas inlet pipe for supplying gas to the burners, an ignition device such as a pilot light for igniting the gas and an electrically operated valve for controlling flow of gas through the inlet pipe to the burners.
- the boiler 1 as is the usual practice also incorporates a thermostat which controls the gas inlet valve in response to the temperature of the water leaving the boiler 1. This determines the safe maximum water temperature in the boiler 1.
- the system also includes a cylinder thermostat 16 for controlling the temperature of the stored hot water and a room thermostat 17 for controlling the ambient temperature inside the building or dwelling from a central point.
- the system also includes a first pipe thermostat 18 for mounting on the pipework within the space heating branch 6 downstream of the radiators 8 and a second pipe thermostat 19 for mounting on the pipework in the hot water branch 7 upstream of the cylinder 9. These thermostats serve as water temperature sensors for the purposes to be described.
- the system described also includes a conventional clock programmer 20 and control unit 21 and these too will be described in more detail subsequently.
- the programmer 20 is mains operated and as conventional can be set to switch the system on and off at certain preselected times and can be manually overridden to provde electrical power as desired.
- the programmer 20 enables electrical power to be supplied either to the space heating (SH) line 22 or to the domestic hot water (DHW) line 23 or to both simultaneously.
- the circuit also comprises the cylinder, room and pipe thermostats 16, 17 18 and 19 respectively, relays R1 and R2, two position relay contacts R1 1 ,R1 11 and R1 111 controlled by R1 and relay contact R2 1 controlled by R2.
- Relay R1 is activated when the cylinder thermostat 16 is closed and power is on line 23.
- the pipe thermostat 18 (for the SH branch) can switch between two positions e and f depending upon the temperature of the water at the point downstream of the radiators where it is mounted.
- the pipe thermostat 18 is in position e when the temperature of the water at the mounting point is below the preset level.
- the thermostat 18 switches to position f when the temperature at the mounting point is at or above the preset level.
- the pipe thermostat 19 (for the DHW branch) can switch between two positions g and h depending upon the temperature of the water at the point upstream of the cylinder 18 where it is mounted.
- the pipe thermostat 19 is in position g when the temperature of the water at the mounting point is below the preset level.
- the thermostat 19 switches to the position h when the temperature at the mounting point is at or above the preset level.
- the preset temperature levels for the thermostats 18 and 19 are set during manufacture or installation. However the applicants have found that for efficient operation of the boiler the pipe thermostat 18 should be set to switch between positions e to f at a temperature no higher than 60°C preferably no higher than 50°C.
- the pipe thermostat 19 should be set to switch between positions g and h at a higher temperature than this but preferably a few degrees lower than the temperature at which the boiler thermostat switches the boiler off. This will prevent the boiler from cycling, that is switching on and off during a heating cycle when both hot water and space heating are demanded and thus improve the overall efficiency of operation.
- the boiler thermostat may be set to switch the boiler off at a water temperature of 82°C.
- the pipe thermostat 19 may be set to switch between positions g and h at say 79°C.
- Relay R2 is initially activated when power is on line 22, the room thermostat 17 is closed and the pipe thermostat 18 is in position f. Once activated it can be maintained activated when pipe thermostat 19 is in position g irrespective of the condition of the pipe thermostat 18.
- the boiler gas inlet valve will be opened to fire the boiler if power is on line 22, the room thermostat 17 is closed and R1 1 is in position a. Alternatively, or in addition, the valve will be opened for firing if power is on line 23 and R1 1 is in position b.
- the pump 3 will operate if power is on line 22 and R1 11 is in position a. Alternatively the pump 3 will operate if power is on line 23 and the R1 11 is in position b.
- the diverter valve 4 When the diverter valve 4 is unpowered it directs the flow water to flow into the DHW branch 7 of the heating circuit (see Figure 1) and prevents flow water from entering the SH branch 6. When however the diverter valve 4 is powered up, it directs the flow water to flow into the SH branch 6 and prevents flow water from entering the DHW branch 7.
- the diverter valve 4 is powered up only when there is power on line 22 and either R1 111 is in position a or the room thermostat 17 is closed, R2 1 is in position c and R1 111 is in position b.
- the boiler gas inlet valve will be receiving power from line 23 via position b of R1 1 . If the boiler thermostat is also closed, the boiler will be firing and heating up the flow water.
- the pump will be powered up from line 23 via R1 11 and water will be circulating.
- the diverter valve 4 will be powered up as it will be receiving power from line 22 by way of the closed room thermostat 17, R2 1 in position c and R1 111 via position b. Therefore the diverter valve 4 will direct the heated flow water to flow into the SH branch to which the valve 4 will be open and no flow water will enter the domestic hot water branch.
- diverter valve 4 will receive power from line 22 via R1 111 in position a irrespective of the position of R2 1 . Consequently the diverter valve 4 will open to the SH branch if not already open.
- the space heating line 22 is switched off while the domestic hot water line 23 remains on. If the cylinder thermostat 16 is closed R1 is activated and contacts R1 1 , Rill and R1 111 are in position b.
- the pump will be operating as it will be receiving power from line 23 via RIll in position b.
- the diverter valve 4 will be unpowered since the SH line 22 is switched off and thus water heated by the boiler 1 will circulate only in the DHW branch.
- Rl When the cylinder thermostat 16 opens, Rl will be deactivated and R1 1 , R1 11 and R1 111 will move to position a.
- line 23 is switched off while line 22 is switched on.
- R1 is deactivated and the contacts R1 1 , R1 11 and R1 111 are in position a.
- the boiler 1 is powered up from line 22 via the room thermostat 17 and R1 1 in position a.
- the boiler 1 will fire if its thermostat is closed.
- the pump 4 will be operating since it will be powered up by line 22 via R1 11 in position a.
- the diverter valve 4 will also be powered up from line 22 via R1 111 in position a. Thus the diverter valve 4 will be open to the SH branch.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8333730 | 1983-12-19 | ||
GB08333730A GB2151816B (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Control of a central heating system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0146264A2 true EP0146264A2 (fr) | 1985-06-26 |
EP0146264A3 EP0146264A3 (en) | 1986-03-12 |
EP0146264B1 EP0146264B1 (fr) | 1988-05-25 |
Family
ID=10553490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84307939A Expired EP0146264B1 (fr) | 1983-12-19 | 1984-11-15 | Régulation d'un système de chauffage central |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0146264B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3471519D1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2151816B (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0337922A2 (fr) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. | Installation de chauffage |
GB2402734A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2004-12-15 | Roy Walter Hunter | Combined hot water and heating system |
DE10209544B4 (de) * | 2001-03-05 | 2006-05-04 | Metso Paper Automation Oy | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen einer Walze |
EP1837606A2 (fr) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | Franco Russi | Procédé et système de contrôle d'une installation de chauffage |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2270528A1 (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-05 | Burnham Europa Bv | Combined space heating and hot water system - has load by-pass from radiators to reservoir with time switch and thermostatic controls |
EP0059816A1 (fr) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-09-15 | Societe Generale De Fonderie | Installation de chauffage mixte |
-
1983
- 1983-12-19 GB GB08333730A patent/GB2151816B/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-11-15 DE DE8484307939T patent/DE3471519D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-11-15 EP EP84307939A patent/EP0146264B1/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2270528A1 (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-05 | Burnham Europa Bv | Combined space heating and hot water system - has load by-pass from radiators to reservoir with time switch and thermostatic controls |
EP0059816A1 (fr) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-09-15 | Societe Generale De Fonderie | Installation de chauffage mixte |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0337922A2 (fr) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. | Installation de chauffage |
EP0337922A3 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1990-10-31 | Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co. | Heating plant |
DE10209544B4 (de) * | 2001-03-05 | 2006-05-04 | Metso Paper Automation Oy | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen einer Walze |
GB2402734A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2004-12-15 | Roy Walter Hunter | Combined hot water and heating system |
GB2402734B (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-11-09 | Roy Walter Hunter | Combined hot water and heater system |
EP1837606A2 (fr) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | Franco Russi | Procédé et système de contrôle d'une installation de chauffage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3471519D1 (en) | 1988-06-30 |
GB2151816A (en) | 1985-07-24 |
EP0146264A3 (en) | 1986-03-12 |
GB2151816B (en) | 1986-10-08 |
GB8333730D0 (en) | 1984-01-25 |
EP0146264B1 (fr) | 1988-05-25 |
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