EP0146264B1 - Régulation d'un système de chauffage central - Google Patents

Régulation d'un système de chauffage central Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146264B1
EP0146264B1 EP84307939A EP84307939A EP0146264B1 EP 0146264 B1 EP0146264 B1 EP 0146264B1 EP 84307939 A EP84307939 A EP 84307939A EP 84307939 A EP84307939 A EP 84307939A EP 0146264 B1 EP0146264 B1 EP 0146264B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermostat
water
branch
hot water
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84307939A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0146264A3 (en
EP0146264A2 (fr
Inventor
George Dann Royston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Gas Corp
Original Assignee
British Gas Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Gas Corp filed Critical British Gas Corp
Publication of EP0146264A2 publication Critical patent/EP0146264A2/fr
Publication of EP0146264A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146264A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0146264B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146264B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/254—Room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for controlling a wet central heating system of the type in which hot water supplied by a condensing-type fuel-fired heating appliance is caused to flow either into a space heating branch or a domesic hot water branch by a flow director controlled by a priority means.
  • the condensing-type fuel burning appliance usually takes the form of a fuel fired boiler, for instance, a gas boiler.
  • boilers of the condensing type At least a proportion of the combustion products leaving the boiler are caused to condense by heat exchange with the water entering or leaving the boiler. This increases the overall heat content of the boiler water and therefore the overall efficiency of the system.
  • condensing boilers work most efficiently when the temperature of the water with which the combustion products exchange their heat is as low as possible (preferably no more than 55°C) commensurate with satisfactory operation. In practice with present systems the temperature of the return water to the boiler may be higher than that necessary to provide efficient boiler operation.
  • One method by which the efficiency of the boiler may be raised during periods when both space heating and domestic hot water are required is to provide a priority supply of boiler heated water to the branch in which reservoir water is being heated.
  • the flow of the heating water to each branch is separated but heated water is supplied preferentially to the domestic hot water (DHW) branch until the temperature of the stored water has reached a preset level.
  • DHW domestic hot water
  • the flow of heated water is diverted to the space heating (SH) branch until the ambient temperature has reached a preset level or the temperature of the stored water has fallen below its preset level.
  • SH space heating
  • the heated water is then diverted to the DHW branch once more and the process continues. This procedure does at least ensure that the temperature of the return water to the boiler is relatively low (less than 70°C) during at least part of the heating cycle.
  • European Patent Application No. 0059816 discloses a system of this type in which hot water supplied by a fuel-fired boiler is caused to flow either into a space heating branch or a domestic hot water branch by a flow director controlled by a priority means.
  • the priority means ensures inter alia priority is given to the domestic hot water branch if the temperature of the domestic hot water falls below a lowermost threshold 8m and priority to the space heating branch if the temperature of the domestic hot water is above an uppermost threshold ⁇ M.
  • the system comprises a condensing gas-fired boiler 1 which is operable to heat water to serve as a heat source system for supplying both hot water and space heating.
  • the system includes a circuit 2 through which water heated by the boiler 1 is circulated by a pump 3 at least while the boiler 1 is operating.
  • the circuit includes an electrically operated diverter valve 4 by means of which the heated flow water flowing in the flow pipe 5 may be diverted either into a first branch 6 or a second branch 7.
  • the first branch 6 provides circulation of the heated water through space heating means in the form of radiators 8 connected in parallel in the branch 6 and by means of which heat from the heated water may be released to provide space heating.
  • the second branch 7 provides circulation of the heated water through a reservoir in the form of a storage cylinder 9 to enable water stored in the cylinder 9 to be heated by a conventional calorifier 10 by heat exchange with the circulating water.
  • the cylinder 9 is supplied with gravity fed cold water by a supply pipe 11 extending downwardly from a header tank 12 mounted above the cylinder 9. Stored hot water may be drawn off as required for domestic purposes by a pipe 13 via taps 14.
  • the boiler 1 as is covnentional incorporates gas burners for heating the circulating water in a heat exchanger in the boiler, a gas inlet pipe for supplying gas to the burners, an ignition device such as a pilot light for igniting the gas and an electrically operated valve for controlling flow of gas through the inlet pipe to the burners.
  • the boiler 1 as is the usual practice also incorporatess a thermostat which controls the gas inlet valve in response to the temperature of the water leaving the boiler 1. This determines the safe maximum water temperature in the boiler 1.
  • the system also includes a cylinder thermostat 16 for controlling the temperature of the stored hot water and a room thermostat 17 for controlling the ambient temperature inside the building or dwelling from a central point.
  • the system also includes a first pipe thermostat 18 for mounting on the pipework within the space heating branch 6 downstream of the radiators 8 and a second pipe thermostat 19 for mounting on the pipework in the hot water branch 7 upstream of the cylinder 9. These thermostats serve as water temperature sensors for the purposes to be described.
  • the systems described also includes a conventional clock programmer 20 and control unit 21 and these too will be described in more detail subsequently.
  • the programmer 20 is mains operated and as conventional can be set to switch the system on and off at certain preselected times and can be manually overridden to provide electrical power as desired.
  • the programmer 20 enables the electrical power to be supplied either to the space heating (SH) line 22 or to the domestic hot water (DHW) line 23 or to both simultaneously.
  • SH space heating
  • DHW domestic hot water
  • the circuit also comprises the cylinder, room and pipe thermostats 16, 17 and 19 respectively, relays R1 and R2, two position relay contacts R1 1 , R1" and R1 111 controlled by R1 and relay contact R2 1 controlled by R2.
  • Relay R1 is activated when the cylinder thermostat 16 is closed and power is on line 23.
  • the pipe thermostat 18 (for the SH branch) can switch between two positions e and f depending upon the temperature of the water at the point downstream of the radiators where it is mounted.
  • the pipe thermostat 18 is in position e when the temperature of the water at the mounting point is below the preset level.
  • the thermostat 18 switches to position f when the temperature at the mounting point is at or above the preset level.
  • the pipe thermostat 19 (for the DHW branch) can switch between two positions g and h depending upon the temperature of the water at the point upstream of the cylinder 18where it is mounted.
  • the pipe thermostat 19 is in position g when the temperature of the water at the mounting point is below the preset level.
  • the thermostat 19 switches to the position h when the temperature at the mounting point is at or above the preset level.
  • the preset temperature levels for the thermostats 18 and 19 are set during manufacture or installation. However the applicants have found that for efficient operation of the boiler the pipe thermostat 18 should be set to switch between positions e to f at a temperature no higher than 60°C preferably no higher than 50°C.
  • the pipe thermostat 19 should be set to switch between positions g and h at a higher temperature than this but preferably a few degrees lower than the temperature at which the boiler thermostat switches the boiler off. This will prevent the boiler from cycling, that is switching on and off during a heating cycle when both hot water and space heating are demanded and thus improve the overall efficiency of operation.
  • the boiler thermostat may be set to switch the boiler off at a water temperature of 82°C.
  • the pipe thermostat 19 may be set to switch between positions g and h at say 79°C.
  • Relay R2 is initially activated when power is on line 22, the room thermostat 17 is closed and the pipethermostat 18 is in position f. Once activated it can be maintained activated when pipe thermostat 19 is in position g irrespective of the condition of the pipe thermostat 18.
  • the boiler gas inlet valve will be opened to fire the boiler if power is on line 22, the room thermostat 17 is closed and R1 1 is in position a. Alternatively, or in addition, the valve will be opened for firing if power is on line 23 and R1 1 is in position b.
  • the pump 3 will operate if power is on line 22 and R1 11 is in position a. Alternatively the pump 3 will operate if power is on line 23 and the R1 11 is in position b.
  • the diverter valve 4 When the diverter valve 4 is unpowered it directs the flow of water to flow into the DHW branch 7 of the heating circuit (see Figure 1) and prevents flow water from entering the SH branch 6. When however the diverter valve 4 is powered up, it directs the flow water to flow into the SH branch 6 and prevents the flow water from entering the DHW branch 7.
  • the diverter valve 4 is powered up only when there is power on line 22 and either R1 111 is in position a or the room thermostat 17 is closed, R2 1 is in position c and R1 111 is in position b.
  • thermostat 16 is closed ie. there is a demand both for hot water and space heating. Since the cylinder. thermostat 16 is closed, relay R1 is activated and each of the relay contacts R1 1 , R1 11 and R1 111 will be in position b.
  • the boiler gas inlet valve will be receiving power from line 23 via position b, or R1 1 . If the boiler thermostat is also closed, the boiler will be firing and heating up the flow water.
  • the pump will be powered up from line 23 via R1 11 and water will be circulating.
  • the diverter valve 4 will be powered up as it will be receiving power from line 22 by way of the closed room thermostat 17, R2 1 in position c and R1 111 via position b. Therefore the diverter valve 4 will direct the heated flow water to flow into the SH branch to which the valve 4 will be open and no flow water will enter the domestic hot water branch.
  • the space heating line 22 is switched off while the domestic hot water line 23 remains on. If the cylinder thermostat 16 is closed R1 is activated and contacts R1 1 , R1 11 and R1 111 are in position b.
  • the boiler 1 receives power from line 23 via R1 1 in position b and if the boiler thermostat is closed, the boiler will fire.
  • the pump will be operating as it will be receiving power from line 23 via R111 in position b.
  • the diverter valve 4 will be unpowered since the SH line 22 is switched off and thus water heated by the boiler 1 will circulate only in the DHW branch.
  • R1 When the cylinder thermostat 16 opens, R1 will be deactivated and R1 1 , R1" and R1 111 will move to position a.
  • line 23 is switched off while line 22 is switched on.
  • R1 is deactivated and the contacts R1 1 , R1" and R1 111 are in position a.
  • the boiler 1 is powered up from line 22 via the room thermostat 17 and R1 1 in position a.
  • the boiler 1 will fire if its thermostat is closed.
  • the pump 4 will be operating since it will be powered up by line 22 via R1" in position a.
  • the diverter valve 4 will also be powered up from line 22 via R1111 in position a. Thus the diverter valve 4 will be open to the SH branch.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Appareil pour commander un système de chauffage central humide type dans lequel l'eau chaude fournie par un appareil chauffé par combustible, du type à condensation, est amenée à s'écouler soit dans une branche (6) de chauffage d'un espace, en priorité, soit dans une branche (7) d'eau chaude domestique, en priorité, par un distributeur d'écoulement (4) commandé par des moyens de priorité comprenant un premier thermostat (17) qui reste fermé jusqu'à ce que la température ambiante soit au-dessus d'un niveau préétabli, auquel cas le premier thermostat (17) s'ouvre, et un deuxième thermostat (16) qui reste fermé jusqu'à ce que la température de l'eau dans le réservoir d'eau soit au-dessus d'un niveau préétabli, auquel cas le deuxième thermostat (16) s'ouvre, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de priorité comprennent un troisième thermostat (18) qui reste ouvert jusqu'à ce que la température de l'eau dans la branche (6) de chauffage d'espace, en un point situé en aval des moyens (8) de chauffage d'espace, soit au-dessens d'un niveau préétabli, auquel cas le thermostat (18) se ferme, un quatrième thermostat (19) qui reste fermé jusqu'à ce que la température de l'eau dans la branche (7) de l'eau chaude domestique soit au-dessus d'un niveau préétabli, auquel cas le thermostat (19) s'ouvre, le troisième thermostat (18) se ferment à une température inférieure à la température à laquelle le quatrième thermostat (19) s'ouvre, et un circuit comprenant les thermostats (16, 17, 18, 19) pour commander le distributeur d'écoulement (4) d'une manière telle que, dans le cas où les premier et deuxième thermostats (16, 17) sont tous deux fermés, ce qui indique que de l'eau de chauffage d'espace et de l'eau chaude domestique sont toutes deux demandées, la branche (6) de chauffage d'espace est normalement prioritaire si le troisième thermostat (18) est ouvert et la branche (7) de l'eau chaude domestique est prioritaire si le quatrième thermostat (19) est fermé et le troisième thermostat (18) est fermé, et reste prioritaire si le quatrième thermostat (19) est fermé pendant une période lorsque le troisième thermostat (18) ayant été fermé s'ouvre à présent.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le quatrième thermostat (19) est placé en amont du réservoir (9) dans la branche (7) de l'eau chaude domestique.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où la température ambiante détectée par le premier thermostat (17) est au-dessus du niveau préétabli, le distributeur d'écoulement (4) dirige l'eau afin qu'elle s'écoule par la branche (7) d'eau chaude domestique quelles que soient les températures détectées par les troisième et quatrième thermostats (18, 19).
4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où la température de l'eau détectée par le deuxième thermostat (16) est au-dessus du niveau préétabli, le distributeur d'écoulement (4) dirige l'eau afin qu'elle s'écoule par la branche (6) de chauffage d'espace quelles que soient les températures détectées par les troisième et quatrième thermostats (18, 19).
EP84307939A 1983-12-19 1984-11-15 Régulation d'un système de chauffage central Expired EP0146264B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08333730A GB2151816B (en) 1983-12-19 1983-12-19 Control of a central heating system
GB8333730 1983-12-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0146264A2 EP0146264A2 (fr) 1985-06-26
EP0146264A3 EP0146264A3 (en) 1986-03-12
EP0146264B1 true EP0146264B1 (fr) 1988-05-25

Family

ID=10553490

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84307939A Expired EP0146264B1 (fr) 1983-12-19 1984-11-15 Régulation d'un système de chauffage central

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0146264B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3471519D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2151816B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT389584B (de) * 1988-04-15 1989-12-27 Vaillant Gmbh Heizungsanlage
FI109713B (fi) * 2001-03-05 2002-09-30 Metso Paper Automation Oy Menetelmä ja laite telan lämmittämiseksi
GB0313350D0 (en) * 2003-06-10 2003-07-16 Hunter Roy W Space Heaters
ITMI20060552A1 (it) 2006-03-24 2007-09-25 Del Col Ugo Enrico Metodo e sistema per controllare un impianto di riscaldamento

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0059816A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Societe Generale De Fonderie Installation de chauffage mixte

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7406078A (nl) * 1974-05-06 1975-11-10 Burnham Europa Bv Combinatiesysteem van ruimte verwarming met warmwater voorziening.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0059816A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Societe Generale De Fonderie Installation de chauffage mixte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8333730D0 (en) 1984-01-25
EP0146264A3 (en) 1986-03-12
DE3471519D1 (en) 1988-06-30
EP0146264A2 (fr) 1985-06-26
GB2151816B (en) 1986-10-08
GB2151816A (en) 1985-07-24

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