EP0142652B1 - Heat-treating machine - Google Patents

Heat-treating machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142652B1
EP0142652B1 EP84110713A EP84110713A EP0142652B1 EP 0142652 B1 EP0142652 B1 EP 0142652B1 EP 84110713 A EP84110713 A EP 84110713A EP 84110713 A EP84110713 A EP 84110713A EP 0142652 B1 EP0142652 B1 EP 0142652B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
temperature
wall
machine according
controlling machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP84110713A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0142652A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Egger
Andreas Gautschi
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Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to DE8686113049T priority Critical patent/DE3477510D1/en
Priority to DE8686113042T priority patent/DE3472831D1/en
Publication of EP0142652A1 publication Critical patent/EP0142652A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0142652B1 publication Critical patent/EP0142652B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/18—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles
    • F26B11/181—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles the receptacle being a foraminous, perforated or open-structured drum or drum-like container, e.g. rotating around a substantially horizontal or vertical axis; the receptacle being multiple perforated drums, e.g. in superimposed arrangement
    • F26B11/185—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles the receptacle being a foraminous, perforated or open-structured drum or drum-like container, e.g. rotating around a substantially horizontal or vertical axis; the receptacle being multiple perforated drums, e.g. in superimposed arrangement the drum provided with internal subdivisions or multiple walls
    • F26B11/187—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles the receptacle being a foraminous, perforated or open-structured drum or drum-like container, e.g. rotating around a substantially horizontal or vertical axis; the receptacle being multiple perforated drums, e.g. in superimposed arrangement the drum provided with internal subdivisions or multiple walls the subdivisions consisting of sector-shaped perforated chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tempering machine for lumpy goods, in particular dryers or pasta dryers, with a drum, with a plurality of chamber elements, which have: conveying devices for the goods; side walls facing adjacent chamber elements; an outer wall having a first screen hole wall; and an inner wall opposite the outer wall and having a second screen hole wall.
  • a temperature control machine If we are talking about a temperature control machine, it should be expressed that such a machine is of course also suitable for cooling and in general for any type of heat or cold treatment. Therefore, the use of such machines is not limited to pasta, but could also be used for the heat treatment of fruits (e.g. nuts or beans of all kinds) or for mineral, lumpy goods.
  • Such a temperature control machine is known from FR-A-888 387.
  • the drum of the known temperature control machine has an outer wall lying on the outer circumference, an inner wall lying on the inner circumference and a plurality of dividing walls which radially connect the inner wall to the outer wall and which divide the area between the inner wall and the outer wall into individual chamber elements.
  • the outer wall of each chamber element like the inner wall of each, has a tightly screwed sieve.
  • a drying drum with sector-shaped pocket trays is known from DE-C-320 526.
  • the drum consists of a frame, which in cross section has approximately the shape of a spoked wheel.
  • sector-shaped pocket trays can be inserted interchangeably into the sector-shaped pockets located between the spokes.
  • the pocket trays are provided with perforated perforated walls and have a flap attached to the front by hinges.
  • This known rack dryer is designed without a conveyor. The dry goods must be introduced through the flap in the front.
  • each chamber element In a drum dryer for pasta known from IT-A-512 118, the conveying device in each chamber element consists of a type of screw formed by correspondingly shaped walls, which is, however, immovably arranged in the chamber element and only rotates eccentrically around the drum axis with each drum revolution .
  • the result was that the general cargo moved under the action of gravity along the screw gears, which brought about a gentle conveying, which avoided the risk of crushing and excessive abrasion.
  • pasta dryers have also become known in which a driven screw is provided within each chamber element. In this case the chamber element was mostly cylindrical.
  • each chamber formed a channel for the dry air, which generally flowed across the drum.
  • the screen wall of the outer and inner circumference of the drum was fixed to the chamber housing. In the case of sticking, access to the interior of the housing was therefore difficult, so that cleaning could hardly be carried out in practice.
  • the invention has for its object not only to provide easy access to the interior of the chamber and thus to facilitate cleaning, but also to enable easy handling for this purpose. Another goal is to make assembly easier.
  • this is achieved in a tempering machine set out at the outset in that the chamber elements for forming free spaces between the chamber elements have a cross-sectional shape that deviates from a sector shape and the first screen hole wall can be detachably fixed in a closed position by a holding and tensioning device arranged in these free spaces and in one Open position can be brought.
  • a special perforated screen wall is preferably provided for interacting with the holding device mentioned, which is characterized in that it has at least at one end at least one opening for the engagement of a holding device.
  • This sieve-side holding device then interacts with the machine-side holding device and / or with the tensioning device.
  • a drum 1 is mounted in a drum housing 2 in a manner not shown.
  • the drum 1 is divided at predetermined, preferably uniform intervals by drum shields 3 (hereinafter also referred to as shields 3).
  • drum shields 3 On the side of the drum housing 2, each of these drum shields is opposite an intermediate wall 4 which closely surrounds the shields 3.
  • the shields 3 can be pushed into the opening 5 of the partition 4 surrounding it, or the partition 4 is divided and is only completed after the shield 3 has been inserted.
  • the shields 3 may have a groove and / or a spring on their outer circumference, which engages in a corresponding groove or shape of the intermediate wall 4, so as to provide a better seal between the shields 3 and the intermediate walls 4 to achieve treatment chambers 24 formed.
  • the shields 3 and / or the partition walls 4 are made up of several layers, of which individual layers protrude corresponding to a spring or form a depression.
  • the drum 1 receives a number of box-shaped chamber elements 6 on its circumference.
  • Each chamber element 6 contains a conveyor device which can be driven in the manner described at the beginning or can also be operated only passively by the rotation of the drum, but which in any case transports the goods to be treated, generally pasta, at a uniform speed over the length of each chamber element 6.
  • the chamber elements 6 are aligned in mutually adjacent and separated by a shield 3 drum sections so that the material to be dried at the end of a chamber element 6 of the (refer to Fig.1) rear drum section passes through one of the openings 7 and from there falls into a chamber 6 of the front drum section.
  • the material to be dried then passes through the corresponding chamber element 6 in the front drum section and exits again at the foremost plate 3, with corresponding discharge devices being provided for the dried material.
  • Such devices are known from the prior art and therefore do not need to be explained in detail. It should only be pointed out that it is also known to remove the dried material from the inside of the drum, which is also within the scope of the possibility here.
  • the screen fabric 8 delimiting the inner circumference of the drum somewhat narrower, so that there is enough space between its edge and the adjacent plate 3 to prevent the dried material from falling down on the underside of each chamber element 6 and on the edge thereof to allow attached outlet opening.
  • the outlet opening can also be arranged in the region of the outer circumference of the drum 1, the dried material falling out being collected below the drum 1.
  • the sieve fabric 8 delimiting the inner circumference of the drum 1 is placed over rods 9 which are each fastened between two shields 3.
  • the inner screen wall consists of a single screen fabric 8 which is common to all the chamber elements 6 arranged on the drum 1, a particularly advantageous embodiment is shown for the outer screen wall.
  • Each chamber element 6 is assigned a separate sieve wall 10, which is held taut at its lateral ends by means of inserted rods 11 on the housing of each chamber element 6. How this is done in detail will be explained later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the drum 1 is permeable to air transversely to its axis due to its design with sieve walls on the inner and outer circumference, so that a treatment gas, generally hot air, for example on the bottom according to the arrow 12 is blown into a treatment chamber 24 and on the top, for example via a discharge pipe 13, can be removed. Examples of the guidance of the treatment air are explained below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 and the following figures parts with the same function are designated with the same reference symbols, parts with a similar function are also identified, but with the addition of a hundred digit. Accordingly, it can be seen from Fig. That the drum housing 2 is jacked up on a frame 14. In order to facilitate access to the interior of each treatment chamber 24 or to the drum 1, the side walls 15 of the drum housing 2 can be opened in the manner indicated by arrows. For this purpose, hinges (not shown) are provided on the top of the drum housing 2. Furthermore, it is indicated how the material 16 to be dried is circulated in the chamber elements 6 when the drum 1 rotates, and it is understandable that during this circulation the material 16 is transported along the screw flights already mentioned.
  • each treatment chamber 24 has at its front Intermediate wall 4 'has an inlet opening 20 and an outlet opening 21 on its rear intermediate wall 4. A connection to the adjacent treatment chambers can be established through these openings 20, 21, provided these openings 20, 21 are not closed.
  • the flow path for the through-air operation is given by the axis of the tubes 23 and 13 or the openings 20 and 21. This ensures that air is passed through the chamber elements 6 in the upper and lower quarters of the drum 1 in the through-air mode. But precisely in the upper and lower quarters, the screen hole walls 10 of the chamber elements 6 are completely covered by the material 16, so that it is ensured that the air cannot pass the material essentially ineffectively. However, even with a narrow construction of the treatment chamber 24, there is still enough space on the side to allow the through-air to escape.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of box-like chamber elements 106 distributed over the circumference of the drum, which - viewed in cross section - have approximately a polygonal shape.
  • the wall section 25 facing the respective adjacent chamber element 106 is kinked and extends in such a way that a radially inward section 26 runs parallel to the corresponding wall of the adjacent chamber element 106. This measure ensures that a negligibly thin gap remains between adjacent chamber elements 106, and thus the air is forced to flow through the inner screen hole wall 8, to wash the material to be dried inside each chamber element 106 and ultimately on the outer screen wall 110 to resign.
  • the radially outward part 27 of the wall section 25 forms an angle with the part 25 in such a way that a free space 28 is formed between mutually opposite sections 27 of adjacent chamber elements 106.
  • This free space 28 serves to accommodate a holding device and a tensioning device for each of the screen hole walls 110 assigned to only one chamber element 106.
  • each chamber element 106 can extend in the form of a slot from a central wall 30 to the lateral wall section 25. This gives the outlet opening 29 a shape deviating from the rectangular shape. Therefore, in order to supply the dry material to a (in the manner shown) rectangular outlet opening 29, an inclined wall 31, indicated by a broken line, can extend from the side wall section 25 to the outlet opening 29.
  • the inner perforated screen wall 8 may be placed over cylinder brackets (not shown) defining the inner circumference of the drum 1, so that it has a substantially completely cylindrical surface.
  • the housings of each chamber element 106 are concavely shaped on their side resting against the screen hole wall 8, as can be seen from FIG. 3. It is understood, however, that with such a design, the individual chamber elements 106 must be tensioned very strongly against the inner screen hole wall 8 in order to prevent slit formation.
  • the tensioning device for the radially outer screen hole wall 110 which will be described below, can simultaneously act as the tensioning device which causes the inner screen hole wall 8 to be pressed against the housing of each chamber element 106.
  • a rectangular frame (see FIG. 1), which extends over the entire housing of the chamber element 106, is provided, which consists of two rods 11, 111 and a spring clip 32 at each end of a chamber element 106 .
  • the chamber element housing can have a small cutout on the upper side, but each drum shield 3 can also be provided with a corresponding lateral groove.
  • the arrangement of spring clips 32 helps to keep the screen fabric forming the screen hole wall 110 taut. Since the chamber elements 106 can be made relatively long in the manner shown in FIG. 1, it may be expedient to also provide additional spring clips 33 between the opposite ends of each chamber element 106, which protrude beyond the screen hole wall 110.
  • Each spring clip 32, 33 can be pivoted about an axis 43 such that it can move from the closed position shown in FIG. 3 by means of the central chamber element 106 to the open position shown by means of the right-hand chamber element 106. In this open position, the screen perforated wall 110 may be loose in the manner shown, but depending on the selected deflection of the spring clip 32, it can also be tensioned by its inherent elasticity.
  • a tensioning device which in the simplest case consists of a tension spring 35.
  • a tension spring 35 engages on an anchoring pin 36 fastened to a drum shield 3 (cf. FIG. 1) and is hooked on to the other end on the rod 11 forming the holding device together with the rod 111.
  • This construction ensures, on the one hand, that the outer screen hole wall 110 is always tensioned and bears against the housing of each chamber element 106 without any gap formation. In addition, this construction ensures that the screen hole wall 110 can get into its open position by simply unclamping the tensioning device 35 and so that each individual chamber element 106 is easily accessible for cleaning purposes is. Furthermore, a single chamber 106 can also be easily removed from the drum circumference in this way, so as to clean the inner screen hole wall 8.
  • the new insertion of an individual chamber element 106 is additionally supported by the polygonal shape shown, because the approximately radially running wall sections 26 of the adjacent chamber elements act as guide and orientation surfaces. It also has a relief if the anchoring parts 34, 36 are arranged along a radial line 37.
  • FIG. 4 shows how a screen fabric 310 can be arranged on a chamber element 6, for example as an inner screen hole wall, by tension springs 35 acting on a reinforced fabric edge 51.
  • the inner screen hole wall does not necessarily have to be formed by a screen fabric that is common to all chamber elements, but that this inner wall can, if appropriate, be configured exactly as has been described with reference to the outer screen hole wall 10 and will be described below will be.
  • at least the outer screen hole wall 10 is preferably divided into a plurality of angular sections over the outer circumference of the drum 1, a separate screen hole wall preferably being associated with each chamber element.
  • the screen fabric 310 is first suspended in the springs 35.
  • the chamber element 6 is then inserted between two stops 52 attached to the shield. If necessary, the stops 52 can have funnel-shaped bare cones for more precise orientation of the chamber 6.
  • the outer sieve 10 is then placed over it and pulled down with the aid of quick-release fasteners 53 which are suspended in the holding rods 11 and are anchored to the shield 3. In this case, the quick-release fasteners 53 are pulled against the action of the tension springs 35, which tension themselves more strongly until counter-stops 54 provided on the chamber element housing abut against the stops 52.
  • the tension springs 35 cooperate with the tension locks 53 to form a common tensioning device for both screen hole walls 10, 310, the stops 52, 54 acting as orientation devices ensuring that the inlet and outlet openings (see the opening 29 in FIG. 1) exactly aligned with the openings 7 of the shields 3.
  • the funnel surfaces already mentioned on the stops 52 can contribute to the lateral alignment, just as the stops 52 are arranged as closely as possible on the side wall sections 225 of the chamber element housing.
  • the chamber element 6 is shown in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in the open state and has walls consisting of five surface sections in a known manner. While the lower surface section 55 extends essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chamber element 6 over both chamber halves separated by the central wall 30 (see FIG. 6), the darker hatched section 56, which extends to the left, extends from below and further inwards (with reference to the level of the drawing) upwards and outwards until after a pitch of the screw formed in this way, a wall 57 located in a parallel plane to the wall section 55 follows.
  • an obliquely inward, lightly hatched wall section 58 (cf. FIG. 6), which is followed by a wall section 59 parallel to it at a distance from the wall section 57.
  • the top and bottom of the housing of the chamber element 6 is expediently rounded in order to apply a more uniform tension to the respective screen fabric 10 or 310. This rounding can be done according to a circular arc, but the best equalization results when training along a parabolic arc.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates further possible designs using chamber elements 306, 406 and 506, of which the chamber element 406 can be seen in a side view together with a drum shield 3 from FIG. 6.
  • the chamber element 306 has an embodiment of the passive, ie. only by the rotation of the drum acting conveyor device of the type known from IT-A-427 072.
  • the chamber element is divided by a number of partition walls 60, which are inclined by inclined, channel-like conveyor chutes 61.
  • the material to be dried slides down a conveyor trough 61 and, at the next half turn of the drum, reaches the upper region, from where it slides into the next chamber element via the adjacent conveyor trough.
  • the housing of the chamber element 306 can be provided with handles 62, on which schematically indicated tensioning fasteners 53 (see FIG. 4) designed in a known manner act.
  • the chamber element 306 is brought into its aligned position with the chamber elements on the other side of the respective shield, stops 154 again corresponding to the stops 54 in FIG. 4 (only one stop 154 is shown) can be provided.
  • the stop 154 is in FIG. 5 shown in an exploded view because it fulfills another function.
  • a tension spring 35 for engagement with a holding rod 11 of the outer screen hole wall 10 can be anchored to it.
  • the holding rod 11 at the other end, or the holding rod 11 is combined with the handle 62 on the right-hand side (with reference to FIG. 5), as a result of which it also has a double function there for the attack of the tension lock 53 there exercises, which on the other hand has the consequence that the sieve 10 can only be detached from the chamber element 306 after the rod has been removed from its holder on the handle 62.
  • This example shows that the respective screen hole wall does not necessarily have to be attached to a holding device of the shield, but that the holding device can also be provided on the chamber element itself.
  • the stop 153 is assigned a corresponding counter-stop (not shown).
  • a possible embodiment of the funnel-shaped side flanks of such a counter-stop 152 is shown on the chamber element 406. However, in this embodiment it acts only as a centering aid because a stationary counter-stop 252 is welded to the shield 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 6.
  • This counter stop 252 interacts with a stop 254 which is fixedly connected to the chamber element housing and is provided with an angled plate 63.
  • This plate 63 has a slot-shaped opening 64 into which a pawl nose 65 engages.
  • the pawl nose 64 is formed on a spring arm 66 which is attached to the counter stop 252.
  • the lower surface 67 of the nose 65 is slightly beveled, so that manufacturing tolerances are compensated for and this surface 67 is in any case in contact with the lower edge of the opening 64 (cf. FIG. 5).
  • the chamber element 406 is fixed in a position in which the two stops 252, 254 abut one another.
  • the latch nose 65 which forms a snap lock, only needs to be pulled out of the opening 64 of the plate 63.
  • the pawl 65 can be assigned a locking device in order to hold it in the open position against the action of its spring arm 66.
  • FIG. 6 is only a particularly advantageous example, in which the individual chamber elements 6 or 406 can be loosened or attached quickly to the associated drum shields 3 due to the quick coupling device shown.
  • the centering device shown With the aid of the centering device shown, not only a correct fit can be ensured, but in the end also a relatively rigid construction, in which the chamber elements 6 form the stiffening ribs between the shields 3.
  • another type of releasable connection for example a screw connection, may be preferred.
  • no or only a weaker supporting structure is required.
  • this modular arrangement not only makes assembly easier, but there is also an expansion option for each machine, so that production and storage are also simplified and less expensive.
  • the holding device and the tensioning device for the screen hole wall 10 are not shown in detail and can be designed in accordance with one of the previously described embodiments.
  • the chamber elements 506 show how the sealing effect in the region of the mutually parallel and approximately radially extending side wall sections 126 can be improved by designing it as a type of labyrinth seal.
  • the wall section 126 pointing to the right has bulges 68 which engage in corresponding notches 69 in the adjacent wall 226.
  • This wall design not only improves the sealing effect, but at the same time also fixes each chamber element 506 in its seat with respect to the adjacent chamber elements, so that the arrangement becomes more stable.
  • the bulges 68 and the depressions 69 (which do not necessarily have to be triangular, but can also have a different shape, for example a wave shape) represent reinforcing beads for the side wall sections 126, 226, so that these wall sections can optionally be formed from weaker material. This not only saves costs, but also reduces the overall weight of the machine. In order not to jeopardize the removal of individual chamber elements 506 if the toothed sections 126, 226 are too strongly interlocked, these beads 68, 69, which preferably have a rounded shape, should have an opening angle ⁇ which is greater than 45 ° and, for example, approximately 60 °.
  • a screen hole wall 210 is also provided, which is firmly anchored at one end, for example on a rod 211, overlaps a plurality of chamber elements 506 and can be connected at the other end either to a tensioning device or a corresponding holding device.
  • the holding device acting at one end and the tensioning device acting at the other end can each be of the same design.
  • a tensioning arm 144 which can be pivoted about an axis 70 and is loaded against the chamber elements 506 by a spring (not shown).
  • the arm 144 is designed in a V-shape in the manner shown that its legs lie parallel to the side wall sections 127 of these chamber elements.
  • the holding device could, for example, be spring-mounted, for example by fastening the quick-action fasteners 53 to leaf springs or rubber blocks.
  • the quick-action fasteners 53 could, for example, be spring-mounted, for example by fastening the quick-action fasteners 53 to leaf springs or rubber blocks.
  • the most diverse combinations of the individual features shown are possible.
  • Various uses of the machine described are also conceivable, for example for cooling feed pellets or for passing a granulated adsorbent through a flue gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Temperiermaschine für stückiges Gut, insbesondere Trockner oder Teigwarentrockner, mit einer Trommel, mit mehreren Kammerelementen, die aufweisen: Fördereinrichtungen für das Gut; benachbarten Kammerelementen zugewandte Seitenwände; eine eine erste Sieblochwand aufweisende Au- βenwand; und eine der Außenwand gegenüberliegende, eine zweite Sieblochwand aufweisende Innenwand.The invention relates to a tempering machine for lumpy goods, in particular dryers or pasta dryers, with a drum, with a plurality of chamber elements, which have: conveying devices for the goods; side walls facing adjacent chamber elements; an outer wall having a first screen hole wall; and an inner wall opposite the outer wall and having a second screen hole wall.

Wenn hier von einer Temperiermaschine die Rede ist, so soll damit zum Ausdruck gebracht werden, daß sich eine derartige Maschine selbstverständlich auch zum Kühlen und allgemein für jede Art von Wärme- oder Kältebehandlung eignet. Daher ist die Anwendung solcher Maschinen nicht auf Teigwaren beschränkt, vielmehr könnten sie auch zur Wärmebehandlung von Früchten, (z. B. Nüssen oder Bohnen aller Art) oder für mineralisches, stückiges Gut eingesetzt werden.If we are talking about a temperature control machine, it should be expressed that such a machine is of course also suitable for cooling and in general for any type of heat or cold treatment. Therefore, the use of such machines is not limited to pasta, but could also be used for the heat treatment of fruits (e.g. nuts or beans of all kinds) or for mineral, lumpy goods.

Eine derartige Temperiermaschine ist aus der FR-A-888 387 bekannt. Die Trommel der bekannten Temperiermaschine hat eine am Außenumfang liegende Außenwand, eine am Innenumfang liegende Innenwand und mehrere radial die Innenwand mit der Außenwand verbindenden Trennwände, welche den Bereich zwischen der Innenwand und der Außenwand in einzelne Kammerelemente unterteilen. Die Außenwand jedes Kammerelementes weist ebenso wie dessen Innenwand jeweils ein fest verschraubtes Sieb auf.Such a temperature control machine is known from FR-A-888 387. The drum of the known temperature control machine has an outer wall lying on the outer circumference, an inner wall lying on the inner circumference and a plurality of dividing walls which radially connect the inner wall to the outer wall and which divide the area between the inner wall and the outer wall into individual chamber elements. The outer wall of each chamber element, like the inner wall of each, has a tightly screwed sieve.

Aus der DE-C-320 526 ist eine Trockentrommel mit sektorförmigen Taschenhorden bekannt. Die Trommel besteht hierbei aus einem Rahmengestell, das im Querschnitt etwa die Form eines mit Speichen versehenes Wagenrades hat. Zum Beschicken der Trommel mit Trockengut können sektorförmige Taschenhorden in die zwischen den Speichen befindlichen sektorförmigen Taschen auswechselbar eingeführt werden. Die Taschenhorden sind mit Sieblochwänden versehen und weisen stirnseitig eine über Scharniere angehängte Klappe auf. Dieser bekannte Hordentrockner ist ohne Fördereinrichtung ausgebildet. Das Trockengut muß durch die Klappe in der Stirnseite eingeführt werden. Diese Klappen haben sich nicht bewährt, weil sich dabei fast zwangsläufig immer wieder Spalte ergeben, durch welche das zu trocknende Gut entweder hindurch gelangen kann und dann Verschmutzungen verursacht oder in denen sich das Gut verfängt und aufgrund unzureichender Belüftung nur mangelhaft getrocknet wird. Fällt dieses noch teigige Gut in die Kammer zurück, so kann es die Ursache für Verklebungen und Verschmutzungen im Inneren sein.A drying drum with sector-shaped pocket trays is known from DE-C-320 526. The drum consists of a frame, which in cross section has approximately the shape of a spoked wheel. To load the drum with dry goods, sector-shaped pocket trays can be inserted interchangeably into the sector-shaped pockets located between the spokes. The pocket trays are provided with perforated perforated walls and have a flap attached to the front by hinges. This known rack dryer is designed without a conveyor. The dry goods must be introduced through the flap in the front. These flaps have not proven themselves, because there are almost inevitably gaps, through which the material to be dried can either get through and then cause contamination or in which the material gets caught and is insufficiently dried due to insufficient ventilation. If this doughy product falls back into the chamber, it can be the cause of sticking and dirt inside.

Bei einem aus der IT-A-512 118 bekannt gewordenen Trommeltrockner für Teigwaren besteht die Fördereinrichtung in jedem Kammerelement aus einer Art von durch entsprechend geformte Wandungen gebildeten Schnecke, die jedoch im Kammerelement unbeweglich angeordnet ist und sich lediglich exzentrisch um die Trommelachse mit jeder Trommelumdrehung dreht. Die Folge war, daß das Stückgut unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft sich den Schraubengängen entlang bewegte, was eine schonende Förderung mit sich brachte, bei der die Gefahr von Quetschungen und übermäßiger Abrieb vermieden war. Es sind allerdings auch Teigwarentrockner bekannt geworden, bei denen eine angetriebene Schnecke innerhalb jedes Kammerelements vorgesehen ist. In diesem Falle hatte das Kammerelemqnt dann meist Zylinderform.In a drum dryer for pasta known from IT-A-512 118, the conveying device in each chamber element consists of a type of screw formed by correspondingly shaped walls, which is, however, immovably arranged in the chamber element and only rotates eccentrically around the drum axis with each drum revolution . The result was that the general cargo moved under the action of gravity along the screw gears, which brought about a gentle conveying, which avoided the risk of crushing and excessive abrasion. However, pasta dryers have also become known in which a driven screw is provided within each chamber element. In this case the chamber element was mostly cylindrical.

In jedem Falle aber waren die einzelnen Kammerelemente am Trommelumfang angeordnet, so daß im Inneren der Trommel ein Hohlraum verblieb. Der Umfang dieses Hohlraumes stellte den Innendurchmesser der Trommel dar und war gegen jede Kammer durch eine Siebwand begrenzt, ebenso wie dies am Außenumfang der Trommel der Fall war. Somit bildete jede Kammer von innen nach außen einen Kanal für die Trockenluft, die im allgemeinen quer durch die Trommel strömte. Bei der genannten IT-A-512 118 war die Siebwand des Außen- und des Innenumfanges der Trommel am Kammergehäuse fixiert. Im Falle von Verklebungen war daher der Zugang zum Inneren des Gehäuses erschwert, so daß in der Praxis eine Reinigung kaum durchgeführt werden konnte.In any case, however, the individual chamber elements were arranged on the circumference of the drum, so that a cavity remained inside the drum. The circumference of this cavity represented the inside diameter of the drum and was delimited against each chamber by a screen wall, just as was the case on the outside circumference of the drum. Thus, from inside to outside, each chamber formed a channel for the dry air, which generally flowed across the drum. In the IT-A-512 118 mentioned, the screen wall of the outer and inner circumference of the drum was fixed to the chamber housing. In the case of sticking, access to the interior of the housing was therefore difficult, so that cleaning could hardly be carried out in practice.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, nicht nur eine leichte Zugänglichkeit zum Kammerinneren zu schaffen und so eine Säuberung zu erleichtern, sondern auch eine einfache Handhabung für diesen Zweck zu ermöglichen. Ein weiteres Ziel liegt in einer erleichterten Montage.The invention has for its object not only to provide easy access to the interior of the chamber and thus to facilitate cleaning, but also to enable easy handling for this purpose. Another goal is to make assembly easier.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies bei einer eingangs dargelegten Temperiermaschine dadurch, daß die Kammerelemente zum Bilden von Freiräumen zwischen den Kammerelementen eine von einer Sektorform abweichende Querschnittsform aufweisen und die erste Sieblochwand durch eine in diesen Freiräumen angeordnete Halte-und Spannvorrichtung in einer Geschlossenstellung lösbar festlegbar ist und in eine Offenstellung bringbar ist.According to the invention, this is achieved in a tempering machine set out at the outset in that the chamber elements for forming free spaces between the chamber elements have a cross-sectional shape that deviates from a sector shape and the first screen hole wall can be detachably fixed in a closed position by a holding and tensioning device arranged in these free spaces and in one Open position can be brought.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist vorzugsweise zum Zusammenwirken mit der genannten Haltevorrichtung eine besondere Sieblochwand vorgesehen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie wenigstens an einem Ende zumindest eine Öffnung für den Eingriff einer Halteeinrichtung aufweist. Diese siebseitige Halteeinrichtung wirkt dann mit der maschinenseitigen Haltevorrichtung und/oder mit der Spannvorrichtung zusammen.Within the scope of the invention, a special perforated screen wall is preferably provided for interacting with the holding device mentioned, which is characterized in that it has at least at one end at least one opening for the engagement of a holding device. This sieve-side holding device then interacts with the machine-side holding device and / or with the tensioning device.

Die Anordnung von Schilden an der Trommel zur Unterteilung der Kammern in Kammerelemente ist Gegenstand der aus einer Teilanmeldung hervorgegangenen Patentanmeldung EP-A-0216346.The arrangement of shields on the drum for dividing the chambers into chamber elements is the subject of patent application EP-A-0216346, which emerged from a divisional application.

Die Gestaltung der Trommel bezüglich der Anordnung und Einhängung der Kammerelemente ist Gegenstand der Teilanmeldung EP-A-0 305 638.The design of the drum with regard to the arrangement and suspension of the chamber elements is the subject of divisional application EP-A-0 305 638.

Weitere Einzelheiten ergeben sich anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Temperiermaschine in perspektivischer Ansicht, wobei einzelne Teile weggebrochen sind;
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform;
  • Fig. 3 eine Ausbildung der Kammerelemente und Sieblochwände und
  • Fig. 4 und 5 verschiedene weitere Ausführungsformen, zu denen die
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht zu einer der Ausführungen gemäß Fig. 5 veranschaulicht.
Further details result from the following description of exemplary embodiments schematically shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a temperature control machine according to the invention in a perspective view, with individual parts broken away;
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through a modified embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the chamber elements and screen hole walls and
  • 4 and 5 various other embodiments, to which the
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of one of the embodiments according to FIG. 5.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist eine Trommel 1 in einem Trommelgehäuse 2 in nicht dargestellter Weise gelagert. Die Trommel 1 ist in vorbestimmten, vorzugsweise gleichmäßigen Abständen durch Trommelschilde 3 (im folgenden auch kurz Schilde 3 genannt) unterteilt. Diesen Trommelschilden liegt auf Seiten des Trommelgehäuses 2 jeweils eine die Schilde 3 dicht umgebende Zwischenwand 4 gegenüber. Bei der Montage kann das jeweilige Schild 3 in die es umgebende Öffnung 5 der Zwischenwand 4 geschoben werden, oder die Zwischenwand 4 ist geteilt und wird erst nach dem Einsetzen des Schildes 3 vervollständigt. Dabei ist es denkbar, daß die Schilde 3 an ihrem Außenumfange gegebenenfalls eine Nut und/oder eine Feder besitzen, die in eine entsprechende Nut bzw. Ausformung der Zwischenwand 4 eingreift, um so eine bessere Abdichtung zwischen den von den Schilden 3 und den Zwischenwänden 4 gebildeten Behandlungskammern 24 zu erzielen. Gegebenenfalls sind zur Erzielung von Federn und Nuten die Schilde 3 und/oder die Zwischenwände 4 aus mehreren Schichten aufgebaut, von denen einzelne Schichten entsprechend einer Feder vorragen oder eine Vertiefung bilden.1, a drum 1 is mounted in a drum housing 2 in a manner not shown. The drum 1 is divided at predetermined, preferably uniform intervals by drum shields 3 (hereinafter also referred to as shields 3). On the side of the drum housing 2, each of these drum shields is opposite an intermediate wall 4 which closely surrounds the shields 3. During assembly, the respective shield 3 can be pushed into the opening 5 of the partition 4 surrounding it, or the partition 4 is divided and is only completed after the shield 3 has been inserted. It is conceivable that the shields 3 may have a groove and / or a spring on their outer circumference, which engages in a corresponding groove or shape of the intermediate wall 4, so as to provide a better seal between the shields 3 and the intermediate walls 4 to achieve treatment chambers 24 formed. If necessary, in order to achieve tongues and grooves, the shields 3 and / or the partition walls 4 are made up of several layers, of which individual layers protrude corresponding to a spring or form a depression.

An ihrem Umfang nimmt die Trommel 1 eine Anzahl kistenförmiger Kammerelemente 6 auf. Jedes Kammerelement 6 beinhaltet eine Fördereinrichtung, die in der eingangs geschilderten Weise angetrieben oder auch bloß passiv durch die Trommeldrehung betrieben sein kann, die aber in jedem Falle das zu behandelnde Gut, im allgemeinen Teigwaren, mit gleichmäßiger Geschwindigkeit über die Länge jedes Kammerelementes 6 transportiert.The drum 1 receives a number of box-shaped chamber elements 6 on its circumference. Each chamber element 6 contains a conveyor device which can be driven in the manner described at the beginning or can also be operated only passively by the rotation of the drum, but which in any case transports the goods to be treated, generally pasta, at a uniform speed over the length of each chamber element 6.

Wie ersichtlich, sind die Kammerelemente 6 in einander benachbarten und durch ein Schild 3 getrennten Trommelabschnitten derart fluchtend aufeinander ausgerichtet, daß das zu trocknende Gut am Ende eines Kammerelementes 6 des (bezogen auf Fig.1) hinteren Trommelabschnittes durch eine der Öffnungen 7 gelangt und von dort in eine Kammer 6 des vorderen Trommelabschnittes fällt. Das zu trocknende Gut durchläuft dann im vorderen Trommelabschnitt das entsprechende Kammerelement 6 und tritt beim vordersten Schild 3 wiederum aus, wobei entsprechende Abführeinrichtungen für das getrocknete Gut vorgesehen sind. Derartige Einrichtungen sind aus dem Stande der Technik bekannt und brauchen daher im einzelnen nicht erläutert zu werden. Es sei lediglich darauf hingewiesen, daß es ebenfalls bekannt ist, das getrocknete Gut aus dem Inneren der Trommel her abzuführen, was auch hier durchaus im Rahmen der Möglichkeit liegt. Hierzu ist es lediglich erforderlich, das den Innenumfang der Trommel begrenzende Siebgewebe 8 etwas schmäler auszuführen, so daß zwischen seinem Rande und dem benachbarten Schild 3 genügend Platz verbleibt, um ein Herabfallen des getrockneten Gutes aus einer an der Unterseite jedes Kammerelementes 6 und an deren Rande angebrachten Auslaßöffnung zu ermöglichen. Ebenso kann aber die Auslaßöffnung auch im Bereiche des Außenumfanges der Trommel 1 angeordnet sein, wobei das herausfallende, getrocknete Gut unterhalb der Trommel 1 aufgefangen wird.As can be seen, the chamber elements 6 are aligned in mutually adjacent and separated by a shield 3 drum sections so that the material to be dried at the end of a chamber element 6 of the (refer to Fig.1) rear drum section passes through one of the openings 7 and from there falls into a chamber 6 of the front drum section. The material to be dried then passes through the corresponding chamber element 6 in the front drum section and exits again at the foremost plate 3, with corresponding discharge devices being provided for the dried material. Such devices are known from the prior art and therefore do not need to be explained in detail. It should only be pointed out that it is also known to remove the dried material from the inside of the drum, which is also within the scope of the possibility here. For this purpose, it is only necessary to make the screen fabric 8 delimiting the inner circumference of the drum somewhat narrower, so that there is enough space between its edge and the adjacent plate 3 to prevent the dried material from falling down on the underside of each chamber element 6 and on the edge thereof to allow attached outlet opening. Likewise, however, the outlet opening can also be arranged in the region of the outer circumference of the drum 1, the dried material falling out being collected below the drum 1.

Das den Innenumfang der Trommel 1 begrenzende Siebgewebe 8 ist über Stangen 9 gelegt, die jeweils zwischen zwei Schilden 3 befestigt sind. Während aber bei der dargestellten Ausführung die innere Siebwand aus einem einzigen Siebgewebe 8 besteht, das allen an der Trommel 1 angeordneten Kammerelementen 6 gemeinsam ist, ist für die äußere Siebwand eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform gezeigt. Hierbei ist jedem Kammerelement 6 eine gesonderte Siebwand 10 zugeordnet, die an ihren seitlichen Enden mit Hilfe durchgesteckter Stangen 11 am Gehäuse jedes Kammerelementes 6 gespannt gehalten wird. Wie dies im einzelnen erfolgt, wird später anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 erläutert werden.The sieve fabric 8 delimiting the inner circumference of the drum 1 is placed over rods 9 which are each fastened between two shields 3. However, while in the embodiment shown the inner screen wall consists of a single screen fabric 8 which is common to all the chamber elements 6 arranged on the drum 1, a particularly advantageous embodiment is shown for the outer screen wall. Each chamber element 6 is assigned a separate sieve wall 10, which is held taut at its lateral ends by means of inserted rods 11 on the housing of each chamber element 6. How this is done in detail will be explained later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

Es versteht sich, daß die Trommel 1 aufgrund ihrer Ausbildung mit Siebwänden am Innen- und Außenumfang quer zu ihrer Achse luftdurchlässig ist, so daß ein Behandlungsgas, im allgemeinen Warmluft, beispielsweise an der Unterseite entsprechend dem Pfeil 12 in jeweils eine Behandlungskammer 24 eingeblasen und an der Oberseite, beispielsweise über ein Abzugsrohr 13, abgeführt werden kann. Beispiele für die Führung der Behandlungsluft werden in der Folge anhand der Fig. 2 erläutert.It is understood that the drum 1 is permeable to air transversely to its axis due to its design with sieve walls on the inner and outer circumference, so that a treatment gas, generally hot air, for example on the bottom according to the arrow 12 is blown into a treatment chamber 24 and on the top, for example via a discharge pipe 13, can be removed. Examples of the guidance of the treatment air are explained below with reference to FIG. 2.

In Fig. 2 und den folgenden Figuren sind Teile gleicher Funktion mit denselben Bezugszeichen bezeichnet, Teile ähnlicher Funktion ebenso, jedoch unter Hinzufügung einer Hunderterziffer. Dementsprechend ist aus Fig. ersichtlich, daß das Trommelgehäuse 2 auf einem Gestell 14 aufgebockt ist. Um die Zugänglichkeit zum Inneren jeder Behandlungskammer 24 bzw. zur Trommel 1 zu erleichtern, sind die Seitenwände 15 des Trommelgehäuses 2 in der durch Pfeile angedeuteten Weise aufklappbar. Hierzu sind an der Oberseite des Trommelgehäuses 2 (nicht dargestellte) Scharniere vorgesehen. Ferner ist angedeutet, wie das zu trocknende Gut 16 in den Kammerelementen 6 bei Drehung der Trommel 1 umgewälzt wird, und es ist verständlich, daß bei dieser Umwälzung das Gut 16 entlang der schon erwähnten Schneckengänge transportiert wird.In FIG. 2 and the following figures, parts with the same function are designated with the same reference symbols, parts with a similar function are also identified, but with the addition of a hundred digit. Accordingly, it can be seen from Fig. That the drum housing 2 is jacked up on a frame 14. In order to facilitate access to the interior of each treatment chamber 24 or to the drum 1, the side walls 15 of the drum housing 2 can be opened in the manner indicated by arrows. For this purpose, hinges (not shown) are provided on the top of the drum housing 2. Furthermore, it is indicated how the material 16 to be dried is circulated in the chamber elements 6 when the drum 1 rotates, and it is understandable that during this circulation the material 16 is transported along the screw flights already mentioned.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 sind zur Erzeugung erwärmter Umluft zwei Aggregate vorgesehen, die jeweils aus einem Heizkörper 17 und einem Gebläse 18 bestehen. Dementsprechend wird die in jeder Behandlungskammer 24 enthaltene Luft entsprechend den Pfeilen 19 umgewälzt und dabei durch den Heizkörper 17 erwärmt. Die Behandlungskammer 24 besitzt an ihrer vorderen Zwischenwand 4' eine Eintrittsöffnung 20 und an ihrer hinteren Zwischenwand 4 eine Austrittsöffnung 21. Durch diese Öffnungen 20, 21 kann eine Verbindung mit den benachbarten Behandlungskammern hergestellt werden, soferne diese Öffnungen 20, 21 nicht verschlossen sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, two units are provided for generating heated circulating air, each of which consists of a heating element 17 and a blower 18. Accordingly, the air contained in each treatment chamber 24 is circulated according to the arrows 19 and thereby heated by the radiator 17. The treatment chamber 24 has at its front Intermediate wall 4 'has an inlet opening 20 and an outlet opening 21 on its rear intermediate wall 4. A connection to the adjacent treatment chambers can be established through these openings 20, 21, provided these openings 20, 21 are not closed.

Der Strömungsweg für den Durchluftbetrieb ist durch die Achse der Rohre 23 und 13 bzw. die Öffnungen 20 und 21 gegeben. Damit ist gesichert, daß Luft im Durchluftbetrieb jeweils durch die Kammerelemente 6 im oberen und unteren Viertel der Trommel 1 hindurchgeführt wird. Gerade aber im oberen und unteren Viertel sind die Sieblochwände 10 der Kammerelemente 6 vollständig vom Gut 16 bedeckt, so daß gesichert ist, daß die Luft nicht am Gut im wesentlichen wirkungslos vorbeistreichen kann. Allerdings bleibt auch bei enger Bauweise der Behandlungskammer 24 seitlich noch genügend Platz, um an sich ein Ausweichen der Durchluft zu ermöglichen.The flow path for the through-air operation is given by the axis of the tubes 23 and 13 or the openings 20 and 21. This ensures that air is passed through the chamber elements 6 in the upper and lower quarters of the drum 1 in the through-air mode. But precisely in the upper and lower quarters, the screen hole walls 10 of the chamber elements 6 are completely covered by the material 16, so that it is ensured that the air cannot pass the material essentially ineffectively. However, even with a narrow construction of the treatment chamber 24, there is still enough space on the side to allow the through-air to escape.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform von kistenartigen, über den Trommelumfang verteilten Kammerelementen 106, die - im Querschnitt gesehen - annähernd eine Polygonform besitzen. Dabei ist der dem jeweils benachbarten Kammerelement 106 zugewandte Wandungsabschnitt 25 geknickt und verläuft so, daß ein radial einwärts gelegener Abschnitt 26 parallel zur entsprechenden Wandung des benachbarten Kammerelementes 106 verläuft. Durch diese Maßnahme wird erreicht, daß ein vernachlässigbar dünner Spalt zwischen einander benachbarten Kammerelementen 106 verbleibt, und so die Luft gezwungen wird, die innere Sieblochwand 8 zu durchströmen, im Inneren jedes Kammerelementes 106 das zu trocknende Gut zu umspülen und letztlich an der äußeren Siebwand 110 wieder auszutreten.FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of box-like chamber elements 106 distributed over the circumference of the drum, which - viewed in cross section - have approximately a polygonal shape. The wall section 25 facing the respective adjacent chamber element 106 is kinked and extends in such a way that a radially inward section 26 runs parallel to the corresponding wall of the adjacent chamber element 106. This measure ensures that a negligibly thin gap remains between adjacent chamber elements 106, and thus the air is forced to flow through the inner screen hole wall 8, to wash the material to be dried inside each chamber element 106 and ultimately on the outer screen wall 110 to resign.

Der radial auswärts gelegene Teil 27 des Wandungsabschnittes 25 schließt mit dem Teil 25 einen Winkel in der Weise ein, daß zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden Abschnitten 27 einander benachbarter Kammerelemente 106 ein Freiraum 28 gebildet wird. Dieser Freiraum 28 dient zur Unterbringung einer Haltevorrichtung und einer Spannvorrichtung für jede der jeweils nur einem Kammerelement 106 zugeordneten Sieblochwände 110.The radially outward part 27 of the wall section 25 forms an angle with the part 25 in such a way that a free space 28 is formed between mutually opposite sections 27 of adjacent chamber elements 106. This free space 28 serves to accommodate a holding device and a tensioning device for each of the screen hole walls 110 assigned to only one chamber element 106.

Die Auslaßöffnung 29 jedes Kammerelementes 106 kann schlitzförmig sich von einer Mittelwand 30 bis zum seitlichen Wandungsabschnitt 25 erstrecken. Dadurch erhält die Auslaßöffnung 29 eine von der Rechteckform abweichende Form. Um daher das Trockengut einer (in der dargestellten Weise) rechteckförmigen Auslaßöffnung 29 zuzuleiten, kann sich von dem seitlichen Wandungsabschnitt 25 eine strichliert angedeutete Schrägwand 31 zur Auslaßöffnung 29 erstrecken.The outlet opening 29 of each chamber element 106 can extend in the form of a slot from a central wall 30 to the lateral wall section 25. This gives the outlet opening 29 a shape deviating from the rectangular shape. Therefore, in order to supply the dry material to a (in the manner shown) rectangular outlet opening 29, an inclined wall 31, indicated by a broken line, can extend from the side wall section 25 to the outlet opening 29.

Die innere Sieblochwand 8 mag hier über (nicht dargestellte) den Innenumfang der Trommel 1 definierende Zylinderbügel gelegt sein, so daß sie eine im wesentlichen vollkommen zylindrische Oberfläche besitzt. In diesem Falle mag es zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Gehäuse jedes Kammerelementes 106 an ihrer an der Sieblochwand 8 anliegenden Seite konkav geformt sind, wie dies aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. Es versteht sich jedoch, daß bei einer solchen Ausbildung die einzelnen Kammerelemente 106 sehr stark gegen die innere Sieblochwand 8 gespannt sein müssen, um eine Schlitzbildung zu verhindern. Dabei kann die nachstehend noch beschriebene Spannvorrichtung für die radial äußere Sieblochwand 110 gleichzeitig als jene Spannvorrichtung wirken, die die Anpressung der inneren Sieblochwand 8 an das Gehäuse jedes Kammerelementes 106 bewirkt.The inner perforated screen wall 8 may be placed over cylinder brackets (not shown) defining the inner circumference of the drum 1, so that it has a substantially completely cylindrical surface. In this case, it may be expedient if the housings of each chamber element 106 are concavely shaped on their side resting against the screen hole wall 8, as can be seen from FIG. 3. It is understood, however, that with such a design, the individual chamber elements 106 must be tensioned very strongly against the inner screen hole wall 8 in order to prevent slit formation. The tensioning device for the radially outer screen hole wall 110, which will be described below, can simultaneously act as the tensioning device which causes the inner screen hole wall 8 to be pressed against the housing of each chamber element 106.

Für das Halten und Spannen der äußeren Sieblochwand 110 ist ein rechteckiger, über das gesamte Gehäuse des Kammerelementes 106 reichender (vgl. Fig. 1) Rahmen vorgesehen, der aus zwei Stangen 11, 111 und an jedem Ende eines Kammerelementes 106 aus einem Federbügel 32 besteht. Um Platz für diesen Federbügel 32 zu schaffen, kann das Kammerelementgehäuse an der Oberseite einen kleinen Ausschnitt besitzen, es kann aber auch jedes Trommelschild 3 mit einer entsprechenden seitlichen Nut versehen sein. Die Anordnung von Federbügeln 32 trägt dazu bei, das die Sieblochwand 110 bildende Siebgewebe gespannt zu halten. Da die Kammerelemente 106 in der aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Weise relativ lange ausgebildet sein können, mag es zweckmäßig sein, auch zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden Enden jedes Kammerelementes 106 zusätzliche Federbügel 33 vorzusehen, die die Sieblochwand 110 überragen.For holding and tensioning the outer perforated screen wall 110, a rectangular frame (see FIG. 1), which extends over the entire housing of the chamber element 106, is provided, which consists of two rods 11, 111 and a spring clip 32 at each end of a chamber element 106 . In order to make room for this spring clip 32, the chamber element housing can have a small cutout on the upper side, but each drum shield 3 can also be provided with a corresponding lateral groove. The arrangement of spring clips 32 helps to keep the screen fabric forming the screen hole wall 110 taut. Since the chamber elements 106 can be made relatively long in the manner shown in FIG. 1, it may be expedient to also provide additional spring clips 33 between the opposite ends of each chamber element 106, which protrude beyond the screen hole wall 110.

Jeder Federbügel 32, 33 ist um eine Achse 43 derart schwenkbar, daß er aus der anhand des mittleren Kammerelementes 106 in Fig. 3 gezeigten Geschlossenstellung in die anhand des rechten Kammerelementes 106 gezeigte Offenstellung gelangen kann. In dieser Offen-Stellung mag die Sieblochwand 110 in der gezeigten Weise locker sein, es kann aber auch je nach der gewählten Durchbiegung des Federbügels 32 durch dessen Eigenelastizität gespannt werden.Each spring clip 32, 33 can be pivoted about an axis 43 such that it can move from the closed position shown in FIG. 3 by means of the central chamber element 106 to the open position shown by means of the right-hand chamber element 106. In this open position, the screen perforated wall 110 may be loose in the manner shown, but depending on the selected deflection of the spring clip 32, it can also be tensioned by its inherent elasticity.

Zum eigentlichen Spannen der Sieblochwand 110 in seiner Geschlossen-Stellung dient jedoch eine Spannvorrichtung, die im einfachsten Falle aus einer Zugfeder 35 besteht. Wenn auch in Fig. 3 nur eine einzige Zugfeder 35 dargestellt ist, so versteht es sich doch, daß in der Mehrzahl der Anwendungsfälle wenigstens zwei Zugfedern 35 an jedem Ende eines Kammerelementes 106, gegebenenfalls aber auch noch dazwischen, vorzusehen sind. Jede Zugfeder 35 greift dabei an einem an einem Trommelschild 3 (vgl. Fig. 1) befestigten Verankerungsstift 36 an und wird andernends an der gemeinsam mit der Stange 111 die Haltevorrichtung bildenden Stange 11 eingehängt.For the actual tensioning of the screen hole wall 110 in its closed position, however, a tensioning device is used, which in the simplest case consists of a tension spring 35. Although only a single tension spring 35 is shown in FIG. 3, it goes without saying that, in the majority of applications, at least two tension springs 35 must be provided at each end of a chamber element 106, but possibly also in between. Each tension spring 35 engages on an anchoring pin 36 fastened to a drum shield 3 (cf. FIG. 1) and is hooked on to the other end on the rod 11 forming the holding device together with the rod 111.

Durch diese Konstruktion wird einerseits gesichert, daß die äußere Sieblochwand 110 stets gespannt und ohne Spaltbildung am Gehäuse jedes Kammerelementes 106 anliegt. Darüberhinaus wird durch diese Konstruktion gewährleistet, daß die Sieblochwand 110 durch einfaches Aushängen der Spannvorrichtung 35 in ihre Offenstellung gelangen kann und so jedes einzelne Kammerelement 106 zu Reinigungszwecken leicht zugänglich ist. Ferner kann auf diese Weise auch leicht eine einzelne Kammer 106 vom Trommelumfang entfernt werden, um so die innere Sieblochwand 8 zu reinigen.This construction ensures, on the one hand, that the outer screen hole wall 110 is always tensioned and bears against the housing of each chamber element 106 without any gap formation. In addition, this construction ensures that the screen hole wall 110 can get into its open position by simply unclamping the tensioning device 35 and so that each individual chamber element 106 is easily accessible for cleaning purposes is. Furthermore, a single chamber 106 can also be easily removed from the drum circumference in this way, so as to clean the inner screen hole wall 8.

Das neuerliche Einsetzen eines einzelnen Kammerelementes 106 wird durch die gezeigte Polygonform zusätzlich unterstützt, weil die etwa radial verlaufenden Wandungsabschnitte 26 der benachbarten Kammerelemente als Führungs- und Orientierungsflächen wirken. Dabei wirkt es weiterhin erleichternd, wenn die Verankerungsteile 34, 36 entlang einer Radiallinie 37 angeordnet sind.The new insertion of an individual chamber element 106 is additionally supported by the polygonal shape shown, because the approximately radially running wall sections 26 of the adjacent chamber elements act as guide and orientation surfaces. It also has a relief if the anchoring parts 34, 36 are arranged along a radial line 37.

Fig. 4 zeigt, wie an einem Kammerelement 6 ein Siebgewebe 310 beispielsweise als innere Sieblochwand angeordnet sein kann, indem Zugfedern 35 an einer verstärkten Gewebekante 51 angreifen. Es ist daraus ersichtlich, daß die innere Sieblochwand nicht notwendig von einem für alle Kammerelemente gemeinsamen Siebgewebe gebildet sein muß, sondern daß diese innere Wand gegebenenfalls genau so ausgebildet sein kann, wie dies anhand der äußeren Sieblochwand 10 bisher beschrieben wurde und in der Folge noch beschrieben werden wird. Bevorzugt ist jedoch wenigstens die äußere Sieblochwand 10 über den Außenumfang der Trommel 1 in mehrere Winkelabschnitte unterteilt, wobei bevorzugt jedem Kammerelement eine gesonderte Sieblochwand zugeordnet ist.FIG. 4 shows how a screen fabric 310 can be arranged on a chamber element 6, for example as an inner screen hole wall, by tension springs 35 acting on a reinforced fabric edge 51. It can be seen from this that the inner screen hole wall does not necessarily have to be formed by a screen fabric that is common to all chamber elements, but that this inner wall can, if appropriate, be configured exactly as has been described with reference to the outer screen hole wall 10 and will be described below will be. However, at least the outer screen hole wall 10 is preferably divided into a plurality of angular sections over the outer circumference of the drum 1, a separate screen hole wall preferably being associated with each chamber element.

Bei der Montage des Kammerelementes 6 (Fig. 4) wird zunächst das Siebgewebe 310 in die Federn 35 eingehängt. Anschließend wird das Kammerelement 6 zwischen zwei am Schild befestigte Anschläge 52 eingeschoben. Gegebenenfalls können die Anschläge 52 zur genaueren Orientierung der Kammer 6 trichterförmig sich verengende Blanken besitzen. Anschließend wird das äußere Sieb 10 darüber gelegt und mit Hilfe von in die Haltestangen 11 eingehängten, am Schild 3 verankerten Schnellspannverschlüssen 53 niedergezogen. Dabei erfolgt der Zug der Schnellspannverschlüsse 53 entgegen der Wirkung der Zugfedern 35, die sich dabei stärker spannen, bis am Kammerelementgehäuse vorgesehene Gegenanschläge 54 sich an den Anschlägen 52 anlegen. Auf diese Weise wirken die Zugfedern 35 mit den Spannverschlüssen 53 zu einer gemeinsamen Spannvorrichtung für beide Sieblochwände 10, 310 zusammen, wobei die als Orientierungseinrichtungen wirkenden Anschläge 52, 54 dafür sorgen, daß die Ein- und Auslaßöffnungen (vgl. die Öffnung 29 in Fig. 1) genau mit den Öffnungen 7 der Schilde 3 fluchten. Zur seitlichen Ausrichtung können dabei die schon erwähnten Trichterflächen an den Anschlägen 52 beitragen, wie überhaupt die Anschläge 52 so eng als möglich an den Seitenwandabschnitten 225 des Kammerelementgehäuses angeordnet sind.When assembling the chamber element 6 (FIG. 4), the screen fabric 310 is first suspended in the springs 35. The chamber element 6 is then inserted between two stops 52 attached to the shield. If necessary, the stops 52 can have funnel-shaped bare cones for more precise orientation of the chamber 6. The outer sieve 10 is then placed over it and pulled down with the aid of quick-release fasteners 53 which are suspended in the holding rods 11 and are anchored to the shield 3. In this case, the quick-release fasteners 53 are pulled against the action of the tension springs 35, which tension themselves more strongly until counter-stops 54 provided on the chamber element housing abut against the stops 52. In this way, the tension springs 35 cooperate with the tension locks 53 to form a common tensioning device for both screen hole walls 10, 310, the stops 52, 54 acting as orientation devices ensuring that the inlet and outlet openings (see the opening 29 in FIG. 1) exactly aligned with the openings 7 of the shields 3. The funnel surfaces already mentioned on the stops 52 can contribute to the lateral alignment, just as the stops 52 are arranged as closely as possible on the side wall sections 225 of the chamber element housing.

Das Kammerelement 6 ist bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 4 in geöffnetem Zustande dargestellt und weist in bekannter Weise aus fünf Flächenabschnitten bestehende Wände auf. Während der untere Flächenabschnitt 55 über beide, durch die Mittelwand 30 getrennte Kammerhälften im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsachse des Kammerelementes 6 verläuft (vgl. die Fig. 6), erstreckt sich von dort aus der dunkler schraffierte, links anschließende Abschnitt 56 von unten und weiter innen (bezogen auf die Ebene der Zeichnung) nach oben und außen, bis nach einer Ganghöhe der so gebildeten Schnecke eine zum Wandabschnitt 55 in einer Parallelebene gelegene Wand 57 sich anschließt.The chamber element 6 is shown in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in the open state and has walls consisting of five surface sections in a known manner. While the lower surface section 55 extends essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chamber element 6 over both chamber halves separated by the central wall 30 (see FIG. 6), the darker hatched section 56, which extends to the left, extends from below and further inwards (with reference to the level of the drawing) upwards and outwards until after a pitch of the screw formed in this way, a wall 57 located in a parallel plane to the wall section 55 follows.

Dagegen erstreckt sich an der rechten Seite vom unteren Wandabschnitt 55 ein schräg nach innen verlaufender, heller schraffierter Wandabschnitt 58 (vgl. Fig. 6), an den im Abstand einer Ganghöhe von dem Wandabschnitt 57 ein hierzu paralleler Wandabschnitt 59 anschließt. Wie ersichtlich, ist zweckmäßig die Ober- und Unterseite des Gehäuses des Kammerelementes 6 gerundet, um so eine gleichmäßigere Spannung auf das jeweilige Siebgewebe 10 bzw. 310 aufzubringen. Diese Rundung kann entsprechend einem Kreisbogen erfolgen, doch ergibt sich die beste Vergleichmäßigung, bei Ausbildung entlang eines Parabelbogens.On the other hand, on the right side extends from the lower wall section 55, an obliquely inward, lightly hatched wall section 58 (cf. FIG. 6), which is followed by a wall section 59 parallel to it at a distance from the wall section 57. As can be seen, the top and bottom of the housing of the chamber element 6 is expediently rounded in order to apply a more uniform tension to the respective screen fabric 10 or 310. This rounding can be done according to a circular arc, but the best equalization results when training along a parabolic arc.

Fig. 5 veranschaulicht weitere mögliche Ausbildungen anhand von Kammerelemente 306, 406 und 506, von denen das Kammerelement 406 in Seitenansicht zusammen mit einem Trommelschild 3 aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich ist. Normalerweise werden an einer Trommel nur gleichartig ausgeführte Kammerelemente verwendet. Gemäß Fig. 5 sind verschiedenartig ausgebildete Kammerelemente 306 bis 506 zur Darstellung verschiedener Ausführungsformen gezeigt, auch um zu veranschaulichen, daß gegebenenfalls auch unterschiedlich ausgebildete Kammerelemente nebeneinander in einer Trommel verwendet werden können.FIG. 5 illustrates further possible designs using chamber elements 306, 406 and 506, of which the chamber element 406 can be seen in a side view together with a drum shield 3 from FIG. 6. Normally, only chamber elements of the same type are used on a drum. 5 differently designed chamber elements 306 to 506 are shown to illustrate different embodiments, also to illustrate that, if necessary, differently designed chamber elements can also be used next to one another in a drum.

Abweichend von der anhand der Fig. 4 beschriebenen, bekannten schneckenförmigen Ausbildung der passiven Fördereinrichtung im Inneren des Kammerelementes 6 besitzt das Kammerelement 306 eine Ausbildung der passiven, d:h. nur durch die Drehung der Trommel wirkenden, Fördereinrichtung der aus der IT-A-427 072 bekannt gewordenen Art. Hierbei ist das Kammerelement durch eine Anzahl von Zwischenwänden 60 unterteilt, die von schrägen, rinnenartigen Förderrutschen 61 überragt werden. Somit gleitet das zu trocknende Gut jeweils eine Förderrinne 61 abwärts und gelangt bei der nächsten halben Trommelumdrehung in den oberen Bereich, von wo es über die benachbarte Förderrinne in das nächste Kammerelement gleitet.Deviating from the known helical configuration of the passive conveying device in the interior of the chamber element 6 described with reference to FIG. 4, the chamber element 306 has an embodiment of the passive, ie. only by the rotation of the drum acting conveyor device of the type known from IT-A-427 072. Here, the chamber element is divided by a number of partition walls 60, which are inclined by inclined, channel-like conveyor chutes 61. Thus, the material to be dried slides down a conveyor trough 61 and, at the next half turn of the drum, reaches the upper region, from where it slides into the next chamber element via the adjacent conveyor trough.

Zum Spannen der inneren Sieblochwand 8 zwischen den Stäben 9 kann das Gehäuse des Kammerelementes 306 mit Henkeln 62 versehen sein, an denen schematisch angedeutete und in bekannter Weise ausgebildete Spannverschlüsse 53 (vgl. Fig. 4) angreifen. Gleichzeitig wird damit das Kammerelement 306 in ihre fluchtende Lage mit den Kammerelementen an der anderen Seite des jeweiligen Schildes gebracht, wobei wiederum Anschläge 154 entsprechend den Anschlägen 54 der Fig. 4 (nur ein Anschlag 154 ist gezeigt) vorgesehen sein können. Der Anschlag 154 ist in Fig. 5 in explodierter Darstellung gezeigt, weil er noch eine weitere Funktion erfüllt. An ihm kann nämlich eine Zugfeder 35 für den Eingriff an einer Haltestange 11 der äußeren Sieblochwand 10 verankert sein. Die gleiche Anordnung mag für die Haltestange 11 am anderen Ende getroffen sein, oder es ist an der rechten Seite (bezogen auf Fig. 5) die Haltestange 11 mit dem Henkel 62 vereinigt, wodurch sie dort eine Doppelfunktion auch für den Angriff des dortigen Spannverschlusses 53 ausübt, was aber anderseits zur Folge hat, daß das Sieb 10 erst nach Abnahme der Stange aus ihrer Halterung am Henkel 62 vom Kammerelement 306 lösbar ist. Dieses Beispiel zeigt, daß die jeweilige Sieblochwand nicht unbedingt an einer Haltevorrichtung des Schildes befestigt sein muß, sondern daß die Haltevorrichtung auch am Kammerelement selbst vorgesehen sein kann. Es versteht sich übrigens, daß dem Anschlag 153 ein entsprechender Gegenanschlag (nicht dargestellt) zugeordnet ist. Am Kammerelement 406 ist eine mögliche Ausführungsform der trichterförmigen Seitenflanken eines solchen Gegenanschlages 152 dargestellt. Allerdings wirkt er bei dieser Ausführung lediglich als Zentrierhilfe, weil ein ortsfester Gegenanschlag 252 in der aus Fig. 6 ersichtlichen Weise am Schild 3 angeschweißt ist. Dieser Gegenanschlag 252 wirkt mit einem mit dem Kammerelementgehäuse fest verbundenen Anschlag 254 zusammen, der mit einer abgewinkelten Platte 63 versehen ist. Diese Platte 63 besitzt eine schlitzförmige Öffnung 64, in die eine Klinkennase 65 eingreift. Die Klinkennase 64 ist an einem Federarm 66 ausgebildet, der am Gegenanschlag 252 befestigt ist. Wie Fig. 6 deutlich zeigt, ist die untere Fläche 67 der Nase 65 etwas abgeschrägt, so daß Fertigungstoleranzen ausgeglichen werden und diese Fläche 67 in jedem Falle am unteren Rande der Öffnung 64 (vgl. Fig. 5) anliegt. Auf diese Weise wird das Kammerelement 406 in einer Lage fixiert, in der die beiden Anschläge 252, 254 aneinander anliegen. Zum Lösen des Kammerelementes 406 von den Schilden 3 braucht die einen Schnappverschluß bildende Klinkennase 65 lediglich aus der Öffnung 64 der Platte 63 gezogen werden. Gegebenenfalls kann der Klinke 65 eine Arretiereinrichtung zugeordnet sein, um sie entgegen der Wirkung ihres Federarmes 66 in Offen- stellung zu halten.For tensioning the inner perforated screen wall 8 between the rods 9, the housing of the chamber element 306 can be provided with handles 62, on which schematically indicated tensioning fasteners 53 (see FIG. 4) designed in a known manner act. At the same time, the chamber element 306 is brought into its aligned position with the chamber elements on the other side of the respective shield, stops 154 again corresponding to the stops 54 in FIG. 4 (only one stop 154 is shown) can be provided. The stop 154 is in FIG. 5 shown in an exploded view because it fulfills another function. A tension spring 35 for engagement with a holding rod 11 of the outer screen hole wall 10 can be anchored to it. The same arrangement may be made for the holding rod 11 at the other end, or the holding rod 11 is combined with the handle 62 on the right-hand side (with reference to FIG. 5), as a result of which it also has a double function there for the attack of the tension lock 53 there exercises, which on the other hand has the consequence that the sieve 10 can only be detached from the chamber element 306 after the rod has been removed from its holder on the handle 62. This example shows that the respective screen hole wall does not necessarily have to be attached to a holding device of the shield, but that the holding device can also be provided on the chamber element itself. Incidentally, it goes without saying that the stop 153 is assigned a corresponding counter-stop (not shown). A possible embodiment of the funnel-shaped side flanks of such a counter-stop 152 is shown on the chamber element 406. However, in this embodiment it acts only as a centering aid because a stationary counter-stop 252 is welded to the shield 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 6. This counter stop 252 interacts with a stop 254 which is fixedly connected to the chamber element housing and is provided with an angled plate 63. This plate 63 has a slot-shaped opening 64 into which a pawl nose 65 engages. The pawl nose 64 is formed on a spring arm 66 which is attached to the counter stop 252. As FIG. 6 clearly shows, the lower surface 67 of the nose 65 is slightly beveled, so that manufacturing tolerances are compensated for and this surface 67 is in any case in contact with the lower edge of the opening 64 (cf. FIG. 5). In this way, the chamber element 406 is fixed in a position in which the two stops 252, 254 abut one another. To release the chamber element 406 from the shields 3, the latch nose 65, which forms a snap lock, only needs to be pulled out of the opening 64 of the plate 63. If necessary, the pawl 65 can be assigned a locking device in order to hold it in the open position against the action of its spring arm 66.

Selbstverständlich stellt die Ausführung nach Fig. 6 lediglich ein besonders vorteilhaftes Beispiel dar, bei dem ein rasches Lösen bzw. Befestigen der einzelnen Kammerelemente 6 bzw. 406 an den zugehörigen Trommelschilden 3 aufgrund der gezeigten Schnellkupplungseinrichtung möglich ist. Mit Hilfe der gezeigten Zentriereinrichtung kann nicht nur ein richtiger Sitz gewährleistet werden, sondern im Endeffekt auch eine relativ steife Konstruktion, bei der die Kammerelemente 6 die Versteifungsrippen zwischen den Schilden 3 bilden. Dort, wo höhere Ansprüche an Steifigkeit und Festigkeit gestellt werden, also besonders bei längeren Maschinen mit mehr als einem Schild 3 zwischen den beiden Endschildern (vgl. Fig. 1), mag eine andere Art lösbare Verbindung, etwa eine Schraubverbindung, bevorzugt sein. In jedem Falle aber bedarf es dann keiner oder nur einer schwächeren Tragkonstruktion. Vor allem ist aber durch diese baukastenartige Anordnung nicht nur die Montage erleichtert, sondern es ergibt sich für jede Maschine leicht eine Erweiterungsmöglichkeit, so daß Produktion und Lagerhalterung ebenfalls vereinfacht und verbilligt werden.Of course, the embodiment according to FIG. 6 is only a particularly advantageous example, in which the individual chamber elements 6 or 406 can be loosened or attached quickly to the associated drum shields 3 due to the quick coupling device shown. With the aid of the centering device shown, not only a correct fit can be ensured, but in the end also a relatively rigid construction, in which the chamber elements 6 form the stiffening ribs between the shields 3. Where higher demands are placed on rigidity and strength, in particular in the case of longer machines with more than one shield 3 between the two end shields (cf. FIG. 1), another type of releasable connection, for example a screw connection, may be preferred. In any case, however, no or only a weaker supporting structure is required. Above all, however, this modular arrangement not only makes assembly easier, but there is also an expansion option for each machine, so that production and storage are also simplified and less expensive.

Beim Kammerelement 406 ist die Haltevorrichtung und die Spannvorrichtung für die Sieblochwand 10 im einzelnen nicht dargestellt und kann entsprechend einer der vorher beschriebenen Ausführungen ausgebildet sein.In the case of the chamber element 406, the holding device and the tensioning device for the screen hole wall 10 are not shown in detail and can be designed in accordance with one of the previously described embodiments.

Anhand der Kammerelemente 506 ist gezeigt, wie die Dichtwirkung im Bereiche der zueinander parallelen und etwa radial verlaufenden Seitenwandabschnitte 126 durch Ausbildung als eine Art Labyrinthdichtung verbessert werden kann. Zu diesem Zwecke besitzt der (in Fig. 5) nach rechts weisende Wandabschnitt 126 Ausbuchtungen 68, die in entsprechende Kerben 69 der benachbarten Wand 226 eingreifen. Durch diese Wandausbildung wird aber nicht nur die Dichtwirkung verbessert, sondern gleichzeitig auch jedes Kammerelement 506 bezüglich der benachbarten Kammerelemente in ihrem Sitz fixiert, so daß die Anordnung stabiler wird. Zusätzlich stellen die Ausbuchtungen 68 sowie die Vertiefungen 69 (die nicht unbedingt dreieckförmig sein müßen, sondern auch andere Gestalt, z.B. Wellenform haben können) Verstärkungssicken für die Seitenwandabschnitte 126, 226 dar, so daß gegebenenfalls diese Wandabschnitte aus schwächerem Material gebildet sein können. Dadurch werden nicht nur Kosten eingespart, sondern vor allem auch das Gesamtgewicht der Maschine verringert. Um bei zu starker Verzahnung der Wandabschnitte 126, 226 die Herausnehmbarkeit einzelner Kammerelemente 506 nicht zu gefährden, sollten diese Sicken 68, 69 die bevorzugt eine abgerundete Form besitzen, einen Öffnungswinkel a haben, der größer als 45° ist und beispielsweise annähernd 60° beträgt.The chamber elements 506 show how the sealing effect in the region of the mutually parallel and approximately radially extending side wall sections 126 can be improved by designing it as a type of labyrinth seal. For this purpose, the wall section 126 pointing to the right (in FIG. 5) has bulges 68 which engage in corresponding notches 69 in the adjacent wall 226. This wall design not only improves the sealing effect, but at the same time also fixes each chamber element 506 in its seat with respect to the adjacent chamber elements, so that the arrangement becomes more stable. In addition, the bulges 68 and the depressions 69 (which do not necessarily have to be triangular, but can also have a different shape, for example a wave shape) represent reinforcing beads for the side wall sections 126, 226, so that these wall sections can optionally be formed from weaker material. This not only saves costs, but also reduces the overall weight of the machine. In order not to jeopardize the removal of individual chamber elements 506 if the toothed sections 126, 226 are too strongly interlocked, these beads 68, 69, which preferably have a rounded shape, should have an opening angle α which is greater than 45 ° and, for example, approximately 60 °.

Es ist ferner eine Sieblochwand 210 vorgesehen, die an einem Ende beispielsweise an einer Stange 211 fest verankert ist, mehrere Kammerelemente 506 übergreift und am anderen Ende entweder mit einer Spannvorrichtung oder einer entsprechenden Haltevorrichtung verbunden werden kann. Wie schon anhand der Fig. 4 gezeigt wurde, kann ja jeweils die an einem Ende wirkende Haltevorrichtung und die am anderen Ende wirkende Spannvorrichtung jeweils gleichartig ausgebildet sein. Unterschiedlich aber gegenüber den vorherigen Ausführungsformen ist ein Spannarm 144, der um eine Achse 70 schwenkbar ist und durch eine (nicht dargestellte) Feder gegen die Kammerelemente 506 zu belastet wird. Der Arm 144 ist in der gezeigten Weise derart V-förmig gestaltet, daß seine Schenkel parallel zu den Seitenwandabschnitten 127 dieser Kammerelemente liegen. Dadurch wird nicht nur das Sieb 210 zwischen beiden Kammerelementen 506 gespannt, sondern zusätzlich auch noch die Lage der Kammerelemente 506 fixiert.A screen hole wall 210 is also provided, which is firmly anchored at one end, for example on a rod 211, overlaps a plurality of chamber elements 506 and can be connected at the other end either to a tensioning device or a corresponding holding device. As has already been shown with reference to FIG. 4, the holding device acting at one end and the tensioning device acting at the other end can each be of the same design. Different from the previous embodiments is a tensioning arm 144, which can be pivoted about an axis 70 and is loaded against the chamber elements 506 by a spring (not shown). The arm 144 is designed in a V-shape in the manner shown that its legs lie parallel to the side wall sections 127 of these chamber elements. As a result, not only is the sieve 210 stretched between the two chamber elements 506, but also additionally the position of the chamber elements 506 is also fixed.

Es versteht sich auch, daß die Rahmen der Erfindung zahlreiche verschiedene Modifikationen vorgenommen werden können. Verfolgt man beispielsweise den Gedanken, wonach ein einziges Sieb mehrere Wandungsabschnitte abdecken kann und verbindet man diesen Gedanken mit der aus Fig. 5 anhand des Kammerelementes 306 gezeigten Verbindung des Siebes 10 mit dem Kammerelementgehäuse selbst, so läßt sich die Kombination leicht auch in der Form abwandeln, daß ein einziges Sieb rund um ein Kammerelementgehäuse gewickelt und seine Enden gegen einander verspannt werden. In diesem Falle stellt das eine Ende der Spannvorrichtung gleichzeitig auch die Haltevorrichtung dar. Da sich in diesem Falle normalerweise ein Schlitz zwischen den beiden Enden des Siebes ergibt, wird dieser Schlitz vorzugsweise in den Bereich einer abdeckenden Seitenwand (25 od.dgl.) gelegt. Ferner könnte beispielsweise die Haltevorrichtung gefedert gelagert sein, beispielsweise durch Befestigung der Schnellspannverschlüsse 53 an Blattfedern oder Gummiblöcken. Selbstverständlich sind die verschiedensten Kombinationen der gezeigten Einzelmerkmale möglich. Ebenso sind verschiedene Anwendungen der beschriebenen Maschine, etwa zum Kühlen von Futterpellets oder zum Hindurchführen eines granulierten Adsorbens durch ein Rauchgas denkbar.It is also understood that numerous different modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. If, for example, one follows the idea that a single sieve can cover several wall sections and connects this idea with the connection of the sieve 10 shown in FIG. 5 with the aid of the chamber element 306 to the chamber element housing itself, the combination can also be easily modified in shape that a single screen is wrapped around a chamber element housing and its ends are braced against each other. In this case, one end of the tensioning device also represents the holding device. Since in this case there is normally a slot between the two ends of the screen, this slot is preferably placed in the region of a covering side wall (25 or the like). Furthermore, the holding device could, for example, be spring-mounted, for example by fastening the quick-action fasteners 53 to leaf springs or rubber blocks. Of course, the most diverse combinations of the individual features shown are possible. Various uses of the machine described are also conceivable, for example for cooling feed pellets or for passing a granulated adsorbent through a flue gas.

Claims (13)

1. A temperature-controlling machine for material in lumps, in particular dryer or dryer for pasta with a drum (1) having several chamber elements (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) comprising:
- conveying means for the material (16);
- side walls (25, 26) facing neighbouring chamber elements (6),
- an outer wall having a first perforated wall (10; 110; 210) and
- an inner wall, having a second perforated wall (8, 310), facing the outer wall,
characterized in that
- the chamber elements (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) having a non-sector shaped cross-section for forming cavities (28) between the chamber elements (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) and
- the first perforated wall (10; 110; 210) is releasably fixed in a closed position and can be brought into an open position by a retaining and tensioning device (11, 34, 35, 36; 11, 53; 53, 144, 211), being arranged in these cavities.
2. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber elements (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) have a polygonal cross-section.
3. A temperature-controlling machine according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the chamber elements (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) are constructed to be interchangeable components, being releasably connected to the drum (1) and being separable from each other.
4. A temperature-controlling machine according to one of claims 1-3 characterized in that the drum (1) comprises plates (3), disposed perpendicular to the drum axis (71) and projecting beyond the inner drum (1) periphery.
5. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the retaining and tensioning device (11, 34, 35, 36; 11, 53; 53, 144, 211) for the first perforated wall (10; 110) acts on the plates (3).
6. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the retaining and tensioning device (11, 34, 35, 36; 11, 53; 53, 144, 211) serves for the releasable attachment of the chamber elements (6) to the drum (1).
7. A temperature-controlling machine according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the first perforated wall (10; 110) is formed by a frameless screen net and is arranged at least at the outer periphery of the drum (1).
8. A temperature-controlling machine according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the first perforated wall (10; 110) is associated with a smaller number of chamber elements (6; 106) than the predetermined number of chamber elements at the drum (1).
9. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the first perforated wall (10; 110) is subdivided in the axial and/or peripheral direction of the drum (1).
10. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that each chamber element (6, 106) is associated with a separate, liftable first perforated wall (10; 110).
11. A temperature-controlling machine according to one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the retaining and tensioning device (11, 35, 36; 11, 53; 53, 144, 211) has spring means (35) preferably comprising at least one tensioning spring (35) for biasing the first perforated wall (10; 110) into its closed position and a high-speed tensioning fastener (53) and/or snap fastener (63-67).
12. A temperature-controlling machine according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the first perforated wall (10, 110) has at least one opening at least at one end for engaging a retaining means (11, 35).
13. A temperature-controlling machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the opening is constructed as a pocket for a retaining rod (11) extending transversally to the tensioning direction of the first perforated wall (10; 110).
EP84110713A 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine Expired - Lifetime EP0142652B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8686113049T DE3477510D1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
DE8686113042T DE3472831D1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Thermal-treating machine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH514683 1983-09-22
CH5146/83 1983-09-22

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113042.5 Division-Into 1984-09-07
EP88106232.7 Division-Into 1984-09-07
EP86113049.0 Division-Into 1984-09-07

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EP0142652A1 EP0142652A1 (en) 1985-05-29
EP0142652B1 true EP0142652B1 (en) 1990-01-31

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Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110713A Expired - Lifetime EP0142652B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
EP88106232A Expired - Lifetime EP0305638B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
EP86113049A Expired EP0217263B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
EP86113042A Expired EP0216346B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Thermal-treating machine

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88106232A Expired - Lifetime EP0305638B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
EP86113049A Expired EP0217263B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Heat-treating machine
EP86113042A Expired EP0216346B1 (en) 1983-09-22 1984-09-07 Thermal-treating machine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4688336A (en)
EP (4) EP0142652B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3481214D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1988004019A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH664823A5 (en) * 1985-06-11 1988-03-31 Luxia Limited ROTARY DRYER FOR FOOD PASTA.
EP0226683A1 (en) * 1985-12-16 1987-07-01 Alsthom Dryer for moist composites
EP0228492A1 (en) * 1985-12-16 1987-07-15 Alsthom Dryer for moist composites
IT1213716B (en) * 1987-11-06 1989-12-29 Benito Pera ROASTING SYSTEM FOR COFFEE, HAZELNUTS, PEANUTS AND SIMILAR PRODUCTS
IT1234383B (en) * 1989-02-02 1992-05-15 Patrizio Fazion DRYING SYSTEM FOR FOOD PASTA OR SIMILAR PRODUCTS.
KR100331477B1 (en) * 1999-10-18 2002-04-09 나양수 Hot wind drier about food refuse
DE102005023258A1 (en) * 2004-11-16 2006-11-23 Fan Separator Gmbh Rotary drum for aerobic heating of free-flowing solids
US8123046B2 (en) * 2008-10-23 2012-02-28 Michael David Billeaud Method and apparatus for separating and removing fluids from drill cuttings
GB2491593B (en) * 2011-06-07 2014-04-16 Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd Improvements in waste processing
KR102063765B1 (en) * 2013-06-20 2020-03-02 엘지전자 주식회사 Dryer with a waste heat recovery means
CN112229178A (en) * 2020-10-11 2021-01-15 苏州策尼特建材科技有限公司 Novel building material is dry device
CN112984965B (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-09-10 江西省药品检验检测研究院 Vacuum freeze drying device
CN116538774B (en) * 2023-07-06 2024-02-02 徐州徐工养护机械有限公司 Roller dryer for recycling asphalt aggregate

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE320526C (en) * 1918-09-08 1920-04-23 Josef Janka Drying drum with sector-shaped pocket trays

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711188A (en) * 1927-07-12 1929-04-30 Braly Mfg Company Drying machine
DE693641C (en) * 1938-08-11 1940-07-16 J M Lehmann Fa Drum dryer with tubular individual cells arranged in a ring for conveying the goods
FR888387A (en) * 1942-04-23 1943-12-10 Rotary dryer for seeds, pulps, powders and cut pasta
FR905375A (en) * 1943-05-13 1945-12-03 Fava & Figli M Continuous dryer for short pasta
FR1019408A (en) * 1950-06-02 1953-01-21 Dryer for bulk materials
AT270510B (en) 1966-04-21 1969-04-25 Semperit Ag Drum dryer

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE320526C (en) * 1918-09-08 1920-04-23 Josef Janka Drying drum with sector-shaped pocket trays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0216346B1 (en) 1988-07-20
US4688336A (en) 1987-08-25
WO1988004019A1 (en) 1988-06-02
DE3481214D1 (en) 1990-03-08
EP0217263A1 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0217263B1 (en) 1989-03-29
EP0142652A1 (en) 1985-05-29
EP0305638A1 (en) 1989-03-08
EP0216346A1 (en) 1987-04-01
EP0305638B1 (en) 1990-11-28
DE3483695D1 (en) 1991-01-10

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