EP0141286B1 - Multiphase thermal switch - Google Patents

Multiphase thermal switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141286B1
EP0141286B1 EP84111883A EP84111883A EP0141286B1 EP 0141286 B1 EP0141286 B1 EP 0141286B1 EP 84111883 A EP84111883 A EP 84111883A EP 84111883 A EP84111883 A EP 84111883A EP 0141286 B1 EP0141286 B1 EP 0141286B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bimetal
switch
heat
temperature change
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84111883A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0141286A3 (en
EP0141286A2 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Barlian
Dieter Keller
Andreas Deckert
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84111883T priority Critical patent/ATE78952T1/en
Priority to DE19853500260 priority patent/DE3500260A1/en
Publication of EP0141286A2 publication Critical patent/EP0141286A2/en
Publication of EP0141286A3 publication Critical patent/EP0141286A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0141286B1 publication Critical patent/EP0141286B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02Details
    • H01H37/32Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/02Electrothermal relays wherein the thermally-sensitive member is heated indirectly, e.g. resistively, inductively

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and is based on US-A-3'858'140 (Han cook).
  • a further housing insert is mounted in the interior of an outer insulating housing, in which a bimetallic disc, switching contacts and an axially displaceable armature are combined to form a closed structural unit.
  • the bimetallic disc is located in a housing end closure, with the edge of the disc resting on an inner shoulder all around.
  • An electrically controllable heating element is bonded to the underside of the copper end closure in a heat transfer connection.
  • the manufacture is relatively complex, despite the only single-pole switching function, whereby due to the bimetallic disc edge enclosed in the end closure all around, especially when the heating element is activated and thermal expansion occurs Bimetallic disc can affect the disc switching function.
  • switch contacts arranged in a switching space of a housing and a disk-shaped bimetal are provided.
  • the edge of the disk-shaped bimetal can be mounted all around in a circumferential groove of the housing and an axially displaceable anchor can be arranged in the center of the bimetal disk.
  • an electrically controllable temperature change part can be provided for the bimetallic disc, which is located outside the switching space on the side of the bimetal opposite the armature at the upper edge of the housing.
  • a heat switch which has a bimetallic disc mounted on the peripheral edge in a housing and an axially displaceable Has anchor.
  • the armature has a switch star with radial struts striving in a star shape, which interact with switch contacts for a three-pole circuit shutdown. After reaching a certain temperature of the bimetal heat sensor intended for hot water devices, for example, the circuits are interrupted. After the bimetal heat sensor has cooled down to a corresponding switch-back temperature, the circuits are closed again.
  • a precisely predeterminable switching on and off is not possible here because, due to different temperature profiles and transitions, there are comparatively large tolerance ranges for snapping the bimetal disc. A targeted control or a remotely operable switching on or off of the heat switch is not possible.
  • a switch for an electrical consumer which has a bimetal which is provided in a housing and which interacts directly with a switch contact.
  • a thermistor is also provided which is arranged such that there is a distance between the bimetal contact arm and the thermistor.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a switch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 to the effect that with simple means a multi-pole, exact time-synchronous switching function on the of the controllable Temperature change part on the other hand, the bimetallic end portion of the movable armature is achieved.
  • the switch 101 shown in the drawing has a housing 102 which is formed from a base plate 103 and a cover 104.
  • the lid 104 is approximately pot-shaped, so that a switching space 105 is given, which is from the inner surface 106 of the base plate 103 and by the peripheral wall 107 and the bottom 108 of the cover 104 is limited.
  • the cover 104 lies with an end face 109 close to the inner surface 106 of the base plate 103, the cover 104 and the base plate 103 being connected to one another by means of rivet bolts 110.
  • the cover 104 has on two diametrically opposite sides of a holding web 140 fastening tabs 111, in each of which a through hole 112 is formed for a fastening screw or the like.
  • the axes of the through holes 112 lie in a plane perpendicular to the central axis 117.
  • the housing 102 formed from the base plate 103 and the cover 104 consists of an insulating material, wherein a resistant, largely temperature-resistant and leakage-proof plastic material can preferably be used for the production of the base plate 103 and the cover 104.
  • a resistant, largely temperature-resistant and leakage-proof plastic material can preferably be used for the production of the base plate 103 and the cover 104.
  • it is provided, in particular for applications with high temperature stresses, to produce both the base plate 103 and the cover 104 from a ceramic material, so that reliable permanent functionality of the switch 101 is ensured even under high temperature stresses.
  • a plurality of switch contacts 113 are mounted in a fixed position, which have plug parts which are made in one piece from the same material 114, which protrude from the base plate 103 on the underside 115, are essentially designed as a two-leg angle piece.
  • the switching contacts 113 there are contact bridges 116 which can be displaced in the base plate 103 parallel to the center axis 117 of the switch 101, a contact bridge 116 connecting at least two switching contacts 113 in each case in the closed switching position.
  • a helical spring 118 is assigned to the contact bridges 116 and presses the contact bridge 116 in the direction against the switching contact 113. In the illustrated embodiment, an open switching position is shown, the contact bridge 116 being pushed away from the switching contact 113 in the direction against the force of the screw spring 118, so that the circuit between two switching contacts 113 is interrupted.
  • An armature 119 is provided for pushing the contact bridge 116 away from the switching contact 113 and is axially displaceably mounted in a center hole 120 in the base plate 103.
  • the armature 119 is assigned a helical spring 121, which acts in the same direction as the helical spring 118 of the contact bridge 116 against the armature 119.
  • the armature 119 has three radial struts 122 striving in a star shape, which at their end regions have a projection 123 which bears on the side of the contact bridge 116 opposite the coil spring 118 and presses the latter against the force of the coil spring 118.
  • the anchor 119 is with the radial webs 122 and the projections 123 are formed in one piece from the same material and consist of an insulating material, which may preferably be the same as the insulating material from which the base plate 103 and the cover 104 are also made.
  • the anchor 119 can thus advantageously consist of a plastic material that meets the requirements or can be made of ceramic material for particularly high-quality requirements.
  • a bimetal 124 which is designed as an annular disk and is arranged coaxially to the armature 119, which bears against the bulged side surface 126 of the bimetal 124 with a neck 125 which is tapered in diameter.
  • the circular disk-shaped bimetal 124 in the present exemplary embodiment is held on its peripheral edge 127 at three locations arranged at a distance of 120 ° from one another.
  • three supports 128 are formed on the base plate 103, and three overlapping parts 129 are also correspondingly formed on the cover 104.
  • the peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124 is thus held at the three stops in the recess between the support 128 and the overlap part 129.
  • the storage of the bimetal 124 allows the latter to move largely unhindered in the axial direction, with the additional advantage that the bimetal 124 is thermally insulated in the housing 102, so that no heat is dissipated to the outside.
  • a total of three rivet bolts 110 are provided for connecting the cover 104 to the base plate 103 and are located in the area of the overlapping parts 129 and the supports 128.
  • a temperature change part 130 which in the present embodiment is designed as a circular disk or pill, the axis of which is equal to the central axis 117.
  • the temperature change part 130 is thus arranged coaxially with the armature 119 and the bimetal 124 in the switch room 105.
  • the diameter of the temperature change part 130 is here substantially smaller than the diameter of the bimetal disc 124.
  • the diameter of the bimetal 124 is approximately 2.7 times larger than the diameter of the temperature change part 130.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bimetal 124 and the temperature change part 130 may also be favorable to choose the ratio of the diameter of the bimetal 124 and the temperature change part 130 to be larger or smaller, the diameter of the bimetal 124 being only approximately 1.5 times larger or even approximately 5 times larger than the diameter of the Temperature change part 130.
  • the temperature change part 130 of the present exemplary embodiment is an electrical heating resistor, the parallel end face 133, 133 'of which can be provided with a copper layer in order to be able to make perfect electrical contact here.
  • the heating resistor 130 is heated by a corresponding voltage supply, heating occurs in the control room 105, which is absorbed by the bimetal 124, which bulges in the direction away from the armature 119, which brings the contact bridge 116 to the switch contacts 113, so that the Circuit is closed.
  • the temperature change part 130 can also advantageously be designed as an electrical or electronic cooling element (Peltier effect). In this case, there would be no warming but a cooling when there was a current flow at the temperature change part 130.
  • the switching paths of the bimetal 124 on the armature 119 etc. would then be designed in accordance with the change in shape of the bimetal 124 caused by the cooling element.
  • the switch 1 according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for switching an electrical night storage furnace on and / or off.
  • the temperature change part 130 can be activated in the case of a signal or voltage pulse or the like emitted by the electric power plant, so that the heating resistor used here, for. B. is heated.
  • the heat generated in this way is transferred to the bimetal 124.
  • the deformation path of the bimetal 124 is transmitted to the contact bridge 116 via the armature 119 and the radial web 122.
  • the contact bridge 116 is moved towards the switching contacts 113 by the force of the spring 118.
  • the switch 101 can also advantageously be designed for a function which is reversed in relation to the temperature change. This can be achieved with the same structure according to the invention in that the bimetallic disc 124, which preferably operates in a discontinuous manner, is installed rotated by 180 ° in such a way that the side 131 of the bimetallic 124 faces the armature 119.
  • a heat-conducting disc 141 is provided (FIG. 3), which is located on the side 131 of the bimetal 124 facing away from the radial webs 122 of the armature 119.
  • the heat-conducting disc 141 has approximately the shape of a bowl or a plate and is designed and arranged such that the outer edge 142 bears against the peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124, while there is a distance between the bimetal 124 and the base part 143 of the plate-shaped heat-conducting disc 141.
  • the heat-conducting disk 141 is designed in the form of a ring and has essentially the same diameter as the bimetal 124 which is designed as a ring-shaped disk.
  • the outer edge 142 of the heat-conducting disk 141 and the peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124 are here jointly between the supports 128 of the base plate 103 and the overlapping parts 129 of the cover 104 arranged so that there is a point support evenly distributed on the circumference of the overlapping parts 129.
  • the temperature change part 130 which is preferably designed as a PTC semiconductor heating element, is arranged on the side of the heat-conducting disk 141 facing away from the bimetal 124.
  • An insulation body 144 which has a collar 145 and a centering sleeve 146, is located above it.
  • a connecting part 134 is arranged or clamped between the collar 145 and the temperature change part 130.
  • the collar 145 of the insulating body 144 engages over the connection part 134 and thus also the temperature change part 130.
  • the centering sleeve 146 passes through both the connection part 134 and the temperature change part 130 and the heat-conducting disk 141 in the region of the central axis 117.
  • the other connecting part 134 ′ bears in a contacting manner on the inner side 147 of the base part 143 of the heat-conducting disk 141 facing the bimetal 124.
  • the connection part 134 ' passes through the heat-conducting disk 141 in a hole formed in the heat-conducting disk 141 accordingly, so that the connection part 134' is guided from the switching space 105 to the inside 147.
  • the connecting parts 134 and 134 ' which are essentially formed from a flat rectangular sheet-metal strip and run parallel to the central axis 117 in the switching space 105, are bent at right angles for contacting on one side of the temperature change part 130 or on the inside 147 of the heat-conducting disc 141.
  • connection parts 134, 134 ', the heat-conducting disc 141, the temperature change part 130 and the insulation body 144 are held together via an axle bolt 148 coaxially to the central axis 117 of the armature 119, so that a single structural unit is provided.
  • the axle bolt 148 is expediently designed as a rivet bolt, with one head part 149 the collar 145 of the insulation body 144 and the other head part 150 on the opposite one Side overlaps the connecting part 134 'resting on the inside 147 of the heat-conducting disc 141.
  • connection parts 134, 134 'of the temperature change part 130 which are led out through the base 108 of the cover 104 on the side opposite the plug parts 114 are formed at their free end regions as flat plugs onto which corresponding flat plug sleeves can also be pushed onto the plug parts 114.
  • connection parts 134, 134 'each have at least one web part 151.
  • the web parts 151 are bent at right angles on the connection parts 134, 134' on the outside, so that they rest on the outside 152 of the cover 104 facing away from the underside 115, as a result of which there is firm cohesion is.
  • the switch 101 according to the invention is advantageously designed as a three-pole switching element in connection with the snap-acting bimetallic disc 124, which can be switched via a signal which is independent of the electrical consumer by the associated temperature change part 130, which is preferably designed as a PTC heating element.
  • a three-pole electrical isolation is therefore possible. So three phases (RST) can be switched. This is always done via the common armature 119, which has the radial struts 122 striving in a star shape for all three switching contacts 113 arranged in pairs. This gives symmetrical switching points, so that the circuit in all three switching contact pairs are synchronized.
  • the PTC heating element 130 a particularly effective, advantageous and inexpensive design for the controlled temperature change on the bimetal 124 can be achieved in the smallest space, because the PTC heating element regulates or limits itself thermally.
  • the insulating body 144 is not intended for thermal, but primarily for electrical insulation and is dimensioned in such a way that, according to the requirements and regulations, no creeping path to the head part 149 of the axle bolt 148 can occur.
  • the insulation body 144 can preferably consist of thermally conductive aluminum oxide ceramic, but can also be made of normal ceramic material for cost reasons.
  • a spring washer or the like can be arranged between the collar 145 and the head part 149 to compensate for any axial relative movements that may occur, so that the temperature change part 130 is protected in any case and cannot be destroyed by excessive stresses.
  • the bimetal 124 does not rest directly on the supports 128, but has some play here.
  • the bimetal 124 is supported in the middle from below via the armature 119 by means of spring force.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schalter mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 und geht aus von der US-A-3'858'140 (Han cook).The invention relates to a switch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and is based on US-A-3'858'140 (Han cook).

Bei dem aus der US-A-3858140 bekannten Verzögerungsrelais ist in dem Innenraum eines äußeren Isoliergehäuses ein weiterer Gehäuseeinsatz gelagert, in dem eine Bimetallscheibe, Schaltkontakte und ein axialverschiebbarer Anker zu einer abgeschlossenen Baueinheit zusammengefaßt sind. Die Bimetallscheibe befindet sich in einem Gehäuseendverschluß, wobei der scheibenrand auf einem Innenansatz ringsum aufliegt. Mit der Unterseite des aus Kupfer hergestellten Endverschlusses ist ein elektrisch ansteuerbares Heizelement in einer Wärmeübertragungsverbindung verklebt. Durch den den eigentlichen Schaltraum umschließenden zusätzlichen Gehäuseeinsatz und durch die Anbringung des Heizelementes außerhalb des Schaltraums an der Unterseite des Endverschlusses ist die Herstellung trotz der nur einpoligen Schaltfunktion verhältnismäßig aufwendig, wobei durch den im Endverschluß ringsum eingeschlossenen Bimetallscheibenrand insbesondere bei Aktivierung des Heizelementes und auftretender Wärmedehnung der Bimetallscheibe eine Beeinträchtigung der Scheibenumschaltfunktion auftreten kann.In the delay relay known from US-A-3858140, a further housing insert is mounted in the interior of an outer insulating housing, in which a bimetallic disc, switching contacts and an axially displaceable armature are combined to form a closed structural unit. The bimetallic disc is located in a housing end closure, with the edge of the disc resting on an inner shoulder all around. An electrically controllable heating element is bonded to the underside of the copper end closure in a heat transfer connection. Due to the additional housing insert surrounding the actual control room and the attachment of the heating element outside the control room on the underside of the end closure, the manufacture is relatively complex, despite the only single-pole switching function, whereby due to the bimetallic disc edge enclosed in the end closure all around, especially when the heating element is activated and thermal expansion occurs Bimetallic disc can affect the disc switching function.

Bei einem aus der US-A-3259763 bekannten Schalter, der für einen elektrischen Verbraucher vorgesehen ist, sind in einem Schaltraum eines Gehäuses angeordnete Schaltkontakte und ein scheibenförmiges Bimetall vorgesehen. Der Rand des scheibenförmigen Bimetalls kann ringsum in einer Umfangsnut des Gehäuses gelagert sein und in der Mitte der Bimetallscheibe kann ein axial verschiebbarer Anker angeordnet sein. Außerdem kann für die Bimetallscheibe ein elektrisch ansteuerbarer Temperaturänderungsteil vorgesehen sein, der sich außerhalb des Schaltraums auf der dem Anker gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bimetalls am oberen Rand des Gehäuses befindet.In a switch known from US-A-3259763, which is provided for an electrical consumer, switch contacts arranged in a switching space of a housing and a disk-shaped bimetal are provided. The edge of the disk-shaped bimetal can be mounted all around in a circumferential groove of the housing and an axially displaceable anchor can be arranged in the center of the bimetal disk. In addition, an electrically controllable temperature change part can be provided for the bimetallic disc, which is located outside the switching space on the side of the bimetal opposite the armature at the upper edge of the housing.

Aus der DE-U-7200272 ist ein Wärmeschalter bekannt, der eine am Umfangsrand in einem Gehäuse gelagerte Bimetallscheibe und einen axial verschiebbaren Anker aufweist. Der Anker besitzt einen Schaltstern mit sternförmig abstrebenden Radialstegen, die mit Schaltkontakten für eine dreipolige Stromkreisabschaltung zusammenwirken. Nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Temperatur des zum Beispiel für Heißwassergeräte vorgesehenen Bimetall-Wärmefühlers werden die Stromkreise unterbrochen. Nach der Abkühlung des Bimetall-Wärmefühlers auf eine entsprechende Rückschalttemperatur werden die Stromkreise wieder geschlossen. Ein genau vorbestimmbares Ein- und Ausschalten ist hierbei nicht möglich, da aufgrund unterschiedlicher Temperaturverläufe und -übergänge verhältnismäßig große Toleranzbereiche für das Umschnappen der Bimetallscheibe vorliegen. Eine gezielte Ansteuerung oder eine fernbetätigbare Ein- oder Ausschaltung des Wärmeschalters ist nicht möglich.From DE-U-7200272 a heat switch is known which has a bimetallic disc mounted on the peripheral edge in a housing and an axially displaceable Has anchor. The armature has a switch star with radial struts striving in a star shape, which interact with switch contacts for a three-pole circuit shutdown. After reaching a certain temperature of the bimetal heat sensor intended for hot water devices, for example, the circuits are interrupted. After the bimetal heat sensor has cooled down to a corresponding switch-back temperature, the circuits are closed again. A precisely predeterminable switching on and off is not possible here because, due to different temperature profiles and transitions, there are comparatively large tolerance ranges for snapping the bimetal disc. A targeted control or a remotely operable switching on or off of the heat switch is not possible.

Aus der US-A-3019319 ist ein Schalter für einen elektrischen Verbraucher bekannt, der ein in einem Gehäuse vorgesehenes Bimetall aufweist, das direkt mit einem Schaltkontakt zusammenwirkt. Außerdem ist ein Thermistor vorgesehen, der so angeordnet ist, daßzwischen dem Bimetallkontaktarm und dem Thermistor ein Abstand besteht.From US-A-3019319 a switch for an electrical consumer is known which has a bimetal which is provided in a housing and which interacts directly with a switch contact. A thermistor is also provided which is arranged such that there is a distance between the bimetal contact arm and the thermistor.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Schalter mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß mit einfachen Mitteln eine mehrpolige, exakte zeitlich synchrone Schaltfunktion an dem vom ansteuerbaren Temperaturänderungsteil andererseits der Bimetallscheibe entfernt liegenden Endbereich des verschiebbaren Ankers erzielt wird.The object of the invention is to develop a switch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 to the effect that with simple means a multi-pole, exact time-synchronous switching function on the of the controllable Temperature change part on the other hand, the bimetallic end portion of the movable armature is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Kennzeichnungsmerkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche gekennzeichnet. Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung zu entnehmen, die in schematischer Darstellung bevorzugte Auführungsformen als Beispiel zeit.
Es stellen dar:

FIG. 1
eine Ansicht auf die Unterseite eines anderen erfindungsgemäßen Schalters,
FIG. 2
eine Seitenansicht des Schalters der FIG. 1,
FIG. 3
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht des Schalters gemäß FIG. 1 und 2 und
FIG. 4
eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf den Schalter gemäß FIG. 1 bis 3.
Preferred refinements and developments of the invention are characterized by the features of the subclaims. Details of the invention can be found in the following description and the drawing, which shows preferred embodiments as a schematic illustration as an example.
They represent:
FIG. 1
a view of the underside of another switch according to the invention,
FIG. 2nd
a side view of the switch of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3rd
a sectional side view of the switch of FIG. 1 and 2 and
FIG. 4th
a partially sectioned plan view of the switch of FIG. 1 to 3.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Schalter 101 weist ein Gehäuse 102 auf, das aus einer Grundplatte 103 und einem Deckel 104 gebildet ist. Der Deckel 104 ist in etwa topfförmig gestaltet, so daß ein Schaltraum 105 gegeben ist, der von der Innenfläche 106 der Grundplatte 103 sowie von der Umfangswandung 107 und dem Boden 108 des Deckels 104 begrenzt ist. Der Deckel 104 liegt dabei mit einer Stirnfläche 109 dicht an der Innenfläche 106 der Grundplatte 103 an, wobei der Deckel 104 und die Grundplatte 103 mittels Nietbolzen 110 miteinander verbunden sind. Der Deckel 104 besitzt an zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Haltestegs 140 Befestigungslaschen 111, in denen je ein Durchgangsloch 112 für eine Befestigungsschraube oder dergleichen ausgebildet ist. Die Achsen der Durchgangslöcher 112 liegen dabei in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Mittenachse 117.The switch 101 shown in the drawing has a housing 102 which is formed from a base plate 103 and a cover 104. The lid 104 is approximately pot-shaped, so that a switching space 105 is given, which is from the inner surface 106 of the base plate 103 and by the peripheral wall 107 and the bottom 108 of the cover 104 is limited. The cover 104 lies with an end face 109 close to the inner surface 106 of the base plate 103, the cover 104 and the base plate 103 being connected to one another by means of rivet bolts 110. The cover 104 has on two diametrically opposite sides of a holding web 140 fastening tabs 111, in each of which a through hole 112 is formed for a fastening screw or the like. The axes of the through holes 112 lie in a plane perpendicular to the central axis 117.

Das aus der Grundplatte 103 und dem Deckel 104 gebildete Gehäuse 102 besteht aus einem Isolierstoff, wobei vorzugsweise ein resistentes, weitgehend temperaturbeständiges und kriechstromfestes Kunststoffmaterial für die Herstellung der Grundplatte 103 und des Deckels 104 verwendet werden kann. Darüber hinaus ist vorgesehen, insbesondere für Anwendungsfälle mit hohen Temperaturbeanspruchungen, sowohl die Grundplatte 103 als auch den Deckel 104 aus einem Keramikwerkstoff herzustellen, so daß selbst bei hohen Temperatur-Dauerbeanspruchungen eine zuverlässige Dauerfunktionstüchtigkeit des Schalters 101 gewährleistet ist.The housing 102 formed from the base plate 103 and the cover 104 consists of an insulating material, wherein a resistant, largely temperature-resistant and leakage-proof plastic material can preferably be used for the production of the base plate 103 and the cover 104. In addition, it is provided, in particular for applications with high temperature stresses, to produce both the base plate 103 and the cover 104 from a ceramic material, so that reliable permanent functionality of the switch 101 is ensured even under high temperature stresses.

In der Grundplatte 103 des Gehäuses 102 sind mehrere Schaltkontakte 113 ortsfest gelagert, die mit materialeinheitlich einstückig ausgeführten Steckerteilen 114, die aus der Grundplatte 103 an der Unterseite 115 herausragen, im wesentlichen als zweischenkliges Winkelstück ausgeführt sind. Neben den Schaltkontakten 113 befinden sich Kontaktbrücken 116, die parallel zur Mittenachse 117 des Schalters 101 in der Grundplatte 103 verlagerbar sind, wobei in der geschlossenen Schaltposition eine Kontaktbrücke 116 jeweils mindestens zwei Schaltkontakte 113 verbindet. Den Kontaktbrücken 116 ist eine Schraubenfeder 118 zugeordnet, die die Kontaktbrücke 116 in Richtung gegen den Schaltkontakt 113 drückt. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine geöffnete Schaltposition gezeigt, wobei die Kontaktbrücke 116 in Richtung gegen die Kraft der SChraubenfeder 118 vom Schaltkontakt 113 weggedrückt ist, so daß der Stromkreis zwischen zwei Schaltkontakten 113 unterbrochen ist.In the base plate 103 of the housing 102, a plurality of switch contacts 113 are mounted in a fixed position, which have plug parts which are made in one piece from the same material 114, which protrude from the base plate 103 on the underside 115, are essentially designed as a two-leg angle piece. In addition to the switching contacts 113 there are contact bridges 116 which can be displaced in the base plate 103 parallel to the center axis 117 of the switch 101, a contact bridge 116 connecting at least two switching contacts 113 in each case in the closed switching position. A helical spring 118 is assigned to the contact bridges 116 and presses the contact bridge 116 in the direction against the switching contact 113. In the illustrated embodiment, an open switching position is shown, the contact bridge 116 being pushed away from the switching contact 113 in the direction against the force of the screw spring 118, so that the circuit between two switching contacts 113 is interrupted.

Für das Wegdrücken der Kontaktbrücke 116 vom Schaltkontakt 113 ist ein Anker 119 vorgesehen, der in einem Mittenloch 120 in der Grundplatte 103 axial verschiebbar gelagert ist. Dem Anker 119 ist an seinem unteren beziehungsweise hinteren Ende eine schraubenförmige Feder 121 zugeordnet, die in der gleichen Richtung wie die Schraubenfeder 118 der Kontaktbrücke 116 gegen den Anker 119 wirkt. Der Anker 119 besitzt drei sternförmig abstrebende Radialstege 122, die an ihren Endbereichen einen Vorspring 123 aufweisen, der an der der Schraubenfeder 118 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Kontaktbrücke 116 anliegt und letztere gegen die Kraft der Schraubenfeder 118 drückt. Der Anker 119 ist mit den Radialstegen 122 und den Vorsprüngen 123 materialeinheitlich einstückig ausgebildet und besteht aus einem Isolierstoffmaterial, das vorzugsweise gleich dem Isolierstoffmaterial sein kann, aus dem auch die Grundplatte 103 und der Deckel 104 bestehen. Der Anker 119 kann somit vorteilhaft aus einem den Anforderungen entsprechenden Kunststoffmaterial bestehen oder für besonders hochwertige Anforderungen aus Keramikmaterial hergestellt sein.An armature 119 is provided for pushing the contact bridge 116 away from the switching contact 113 and is axially displaceably mounted in a center hole 120 in the base plate 103. At its lower or rear end, the armature 119 is assigned a helical spring 121, which acts in the same direction as the helical spring 118 of the contact bridge 116 against the armature 119. The armature 119 has three radial struts 122 striving in a star shape, which at their end regions have a projection 123 which bears on the side of the contact bridge 116 opposite the coil spring 118 and presses the latter against the force of the coil spring 118. The anchor 119 is with the radial webs 122 and the projections 123 are formed in one piece from the same material and consist of an insulating material, which may preferably be the same as the insulating material from which the base plate 103 and the cover 104 are also made. The anchor 119 can thus advantageously consist of a plastic material that meets the requirements or can be made of ceramic material for particularly high-quality requirements.

In der Schaltkammer 105 des Gehäuses 102 befindet sich ein als Kreisringsscheibe ausgebildetes Bimetall 124, das koaxial zum Anker 119 angeordnet ist, der mit einem im Durchmesser verjüngten Ansatz 125 an der ausgewölbten Seitenfläche 126 des Bimetalls 124 anliegt. Um eine genaue Justierung des Bimetalls 124 und des Ankers 119 für eine stets einwandfreie Schaltfunktion vornehmen zu können, kann es zweckmäßig sein, am beziehungsweise im Anker 119 eine axial verstellbare Justierschraube vorzusehen. Für eine kostengünstige Herstellung und Montage sowie für stets gleichbleibende Schaltbewegungstoleranzen kann es jedoch besonders günstig sein, eine zusätzliche Justierschraube einzusparen und den Anker 119 so auszubilden und mit den Schaltkontakten 113 so im Gehäuse 102 zu lagern, daß die Toleranzen auf ein Minimum begrenzt sind, so daß ohne zusätzliche Justierarbeiten stets eine einwandfreie Schaltfunktion gegeben ist.In the switching chamber 105 of the housing 102 there is a bimetal 124 which is designed as an annular disk and is arranged coaxially to the armature 119, which bears against the bulged side surface 126 of the bimetal 124 with a neck 125 which is tapered in diameter. In order to be able to carry out a precise adjustment of the bimetal 124 and the armature 119 for a faultless switching function, it can be expedient to provide an axially adjustable adjusting screw on or in the armature 119. For cost-effective manufacture and assembly and for constant switching movement tolerances, however, it can be particularly advantageous to save an additional adjusting screw and to form the armature 119 and to store it with the switching contacts 113 in the housing 102 in such a way that the tolerances are limited to a minimum, so that there is always a perfect switching function without additional adjustment work.

Das kreisscheibenförmige Bimetall 124 ist beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel an seinem Umfangsrand 127 an drei im Abstand von 120° zueinander angeordneten Stellen gehalten. Dazu sind an der Grundplatte 103 drei Auflager 128 ausgebildet und am Deckel 104 sind entsprechend ebenfalls drei Übergriffteile 129 angeformt. Der Umfangsrand 127 des Bimetalls 124 ist somit an den drei Haltestellen jeweils in der Ausnehmung zwischen dem Auflager 128 un dem Übergriffteil 129 gehalten. Durch die Lagerung des Bimetalls 124 kann sich letzteres weitgehend ungehindert in axialer Richtung bewegen, wobei der zusätzliche Vorteil gegeben ist, daß das Bimetall 124 thermisch isoliert im Gehäuse 102 gelagert ist, so daß keine Wärme nach außen abgeführt wird. Für die Verbindung des Deckels 104 mit der Grundplatte 103 sind insgesamt drei Nietbolzen 110 vorgesehen, die sich im Bereich der Übergriffteile 129 und der Auflager 128 befinden.The circular disk-shaped bimetal 124 in the present exemplary embodiment is held on its peripheral edge 127 at three locations arranged at a distance of 120 ° from one another. For this purpose, three supports 128 are formed on the base plate 103, and three overlapping parts 129 are also correspondingly formed on the cover 104. The peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124 is thus held at the three stops in the recess between the support 128 and the overlap part 129. The storage of the bimetal 124 allows the latter to move largely unhindered in the axial direction, with the additional advantage that the bimetal 124 is thermally insulated in the housing 102, so that no heat is dissipated to the outside. A total of three rivet bolts 110 are provided for connecting the cover 104 to the base plate 103 and are located in the area of the overlapping parts 129 and the supports 128.

Im Schaltraum 105 des Gehäuses 102 befindet sich erfindungsgemäß außerdem ein Temperaturänderungsteil 130, der bei vorliegender Ausführung als kreisförmige Scheibe beziehungsweise Pille ausgebildet ist, deren Achse gleich der Mittenachse 117 verläuft. Der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 ist somit koaxial mit dem Anker 119 und dem Bimetall 124 im Schaltraum 105 angeordnet. Der Durchmesser des Temperaturänderungsteils 130 ist hier wesentlich kleiner als der Durchmesser der Bimetallscheibe 124. Der Durchmesser des Bimetalls 124 ist etwa 2,7mal größer als der Durchmesser des Temperaturänderungsteils 130. Es kann aber auch günstig sein, das Verhältnis des Durchmessers des Bimetalls 124 und des Temperaturänderungsteils 130 größer oder kleiner zu wählen, wobei der Durchmesser des Bimetalls 124 nur etwa 1,5mal größer oder gar etwa 5mal größer ist als der Durchmesser des Temperaturänderungsteils 130.In the control room 105 of the housing 102 there is also, according to the invention, a temperature change part 130, which in the present embodiment is designed as a circular disk or pill, the axis of which is equal to the central axis 117. The temperature change part 130 is thus arranged coaxially with the armature 119 and the bimetal 124 in the switch room 105. The diameter of the temperature change part 130 is here substantially smaller than the diameter of the bimetal disc 124. The diameter of the bimetal 124 is approximately 2.7 times larger than the diameter of the temperature change part 130. However, it may also be favorable to choose the ratio of the diameter of the bimetal 124 and the temperature change part 130 to be larger or smaller, the diameter of the bimetal 124 being only approximately 1.5 times larger or even approximately 5 times larger than the diameter of the Temperature change part 130.

Der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiels ist ein elektrischer Heizwiderstand, dessen parallele Stirnseite 133,133' mit einer Kupferschicht versehen sein können, um hier elektrisch einwandfrei kontaktieren zu können. Bei einer Erhitzung des Heizwiderstandes 130 durch entsprechende Spannungszuführung tritt im Schaltraum 105 eine Erwärmung auf, die vom Bimetall 124 aufgenommen wird, welches sich dabei in Richtung vom Anker 119 weg auswölbt, der die Kontaktbrücke 116 an den Schaltkontakten 113 zur Anlage bringt, so daß der Stromkreis geschlossen ist.The temperature change part 130 of the present exemplary embodiment is an electrical heating resistor, the parallel end face 133, 133 'of which can be provided with a copper layer in order to be able to make perfect electrical contact here. When the heating resistor 130 is heated by a corresponding voltage supply, heating occurs in the control room 105, which is absorbed by the bimetal 124, which bulges in the direction away from the armature 119, which brings the contact bridge 116 to the switch contacts 113, so that the Circuit is closed.

Statt als Heizwiderstand kann der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 auch vorteilhaft als elektrisches beziehungsweise elektronisches Kühlelement (Peltiereffekt) ausgebildet sein. In diesem Falle würde also bei einem Stromfluß am Temperaturänderungsteil 130 keine Erwärmung, sondern eine Abkühlung auftreten. Die Schaltwege des Bimetalls 124 auf den Anker 119 usw. würden dann entsprechend der durch das Kühlelement bewirkten Formänderung des Bimetalls 124 ausgelegt sein.Instead of being a heating resistor, the temperature change part 130 can also advantageously be designed as an electrical or electronic cooling element (Peltier effect). In this case, there would be no warming but a cooling when there was a current flow at the temperature change part 130. The switching paths of the bimetal 124 on the armature 119 etc. would then be designed in accordance with the change in shape of the bimetal 124 caused by the cooling element.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schalter 1 kann insbesondere vorteilhaft zur Ein- und/oder Ausschaltung eines elektrischen Nachtspeicherofens angewendet werden. Dabei kann bei einem vom Elektrokraftwerk ausgesandten Signal beziehungsweise Spannungsimpuls oder dergleichen der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 aktiviert werden, so daß der hier verwendete Heizwiderstand z. B. erhitzt wird. Die so erzeugte Wärme überträgt sich auf das Bimetall 124. Dieses verformt sich entsprechend in axialer Richtung. Der Verformungsweg des Bimetalls 124 wird über den Anker 119 und den Radialsteg 122 auf die Kontaktbrücke 116 übertragen. Dabei wird die Kontaktbrücke 116 zu den Schaltkontakten 113 durch die Kraft der Feder 118 hinbewegt. Bei einer Abkühlung des Temperaturänderungsteils 130 erfolgt der umgekehrte Funktionsablauf, so daß die Kontaktbrücke 116 von den Schaltkontakten 113 weggedrückt wird und der Stromkreis geöffnet ist. Der Schalter 101 kann im Rahmen der Erfindung auch vorteilhaft für eine, bezogen auf die Temperaturänderung, umgekehrte Funktion ausgelegt werden. Dies ist bei einem erfindungsgemäß gleichen Aufbau dadurch zu erreichen, daß die Bimetallscheibe 124, die bevorzugt schnappartig diskontinuierlich arbeitet, so um 180° gedreht eingebaut wird, daß die Seite 131 des Bimetalls 124 dem Anker 119 zugewandt ist.The switch 1 according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for switching an electrical night storage furnace on and / or off. In this case, the temperature change part 130 can be activated in the case of a signal or voltage pulse or the like emitted by the electric power plant, so that the heating resistor used here, for. B. is heated. The heat generated in this way is transferred to the bimetal 124. This deforms accordingly in the axial direction. The deformation path of the bimetal 124 is transmitted to the contact bridge 116 via the armature 119 and the radial web 122. The contact bridge 116 is moved towards the switching contacts 113 by the force of the spring 118. When the temperature change part 130 cools down, the reverse sequence of functions takes place, so that the contact bridge 116 is pressed away from the switch contacts 113 and the circuit is open. Within the scope of the invention, the switch 101 can also advantageously be designed for a function which is reversed in relation to the temperature change. This can be achieved with the same structure according to the invention in that the bimetallic disc 124, which preferably operates in a discontinuous manner, is installed rotated by 180 ° in such a way that the side 131 of the bimetallic 124 faces the armature 119.

Mit dem vorliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Schalter 101 ist somit ein elektrisches Schalterbauteil gegeben, das aufgrund seiner geringen Zahl an Funktionsteilen eine hohe Lebensdauer und Schalthäufigkeit besitzt und das zudem einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar ist.With the present switch 101 according to the invention, there is thus an electrical switch component, which due to its small number Functional parts have a long service life and switching frequency and that is also easy and inexpensive to manufacture.

Im Schaltraum 105 des Deckels 104 ist eine Wärmeleitscheibe 141 vorgesehen (FIG. 3), die auf der den Radialstegen 122 des Ankers 119 abgewandten Seite 131 des Bimetalls 124 sich befindet. Die Wärmeleitscheibe 141 weist in etwa die Form einer Schüssel beziehungsweise eines Tellers auf und ist so ausgeführt und angeordnet, daß der Außenrand 142 am Umfangsrand 127 des Bimetalls 124 anliegt, während zwischen dem Bimetall 124 und dem Bodenteil 143 der tellerförmigen Wärmeleitscheibe 141 ein Abstand besteht. Die Wärmeleitscheibe 141 ist kreisringförmig ausgebildet und besitzt im wesentlichen den gleichen Durchmesser wie das als Kreisringscheibe ausgeführte Bimetall 124. Der Außenrand 142 der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 und der Umfangsrand 127 des Bimetalls 124 sind hierbei gemeinsam zwischen den Auflagern 128 der Grundplatte 103 und den Übergriffteilen 129 des Deckels 104 angeordnet, so daß eine am Umfang gleichmäßig verteilte Punktabstützung an den Übergriffteilen 129 gegeben ist. Der Temperaturänderungsteil 130, der bevorzugt als PTC-Halbleiterheizelement ausgeführt ist, ist auf der dem Bimetall 124 abgewandten Seite der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 angeordnet Darüber befindet sich ein Isolationskörper 144, der einen Bund 145 und eine Zentrierhülse 146 besitzt. Zwischen dem Bund 145 und dem Temperaturänderungsteil 130 ist der eine Anschlußteil 134 angeordnet beziehungsweise eingespannt.In the switching space 105 of the cover 104, a heat-conducting disc 141 is provided (FIG. 3), which is located on the side 131 of the bimetal 124 facing away from the radial webs 122 of the armature 119. The heat-conducting disc 141 has approximately the shape of a bowl or a plate and is designed and arranged such that the outer edge 142 bears against the peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124, while there is a distance between the bimetal 124 and the base part 143 of the plate-shaped heat-conducting disc 141. The heat-conducting disk 141 is designed in the form of a ring and has essentially the same diameter as the bimetal 124 which is designed as a ring-shaped disk. The outer edge 142 of the heat-conducting disk 141 and the peripheral edge 127 of the bimetal 124 are here jointly between the supports 128 of the base plate 103 and the overlapping parts 129 of the cover 104 arranged so that there is a point support evenly distributed on the circumference of the overlapping parts 129. The temperature change part 130, which is preferably designed as a PTC semiconductor heating element, is arranged on the side of the heat-conducting disk 141 facing away from the bimetal 124. An insulation body 144, which has a collar 145 and a centering sleeve 146, is located above it. A connecting part 134 is arranged or clamped between the collar 145 and the temperature change part 130.

Der Bund 145 des Isolationskörpers 144 übergreift den Anschlußteil 134 und damit auch den Temperaturänderungsteil 130. Die Zentrierhülse 146 durchsetzt im Bereich der Mittenachse 117 sowohl den Anschlußteil 134 als auch den Temperaturänderungsteil 130 sowie die Wärmeleitscheibe 141.The collar 145 of the insulating body 144 engages over the connection part 134 and thus also the temperature change part 130. The centering sleeve 146 passes through both the connection part 134 and the temperature change part 130 and the heat-conducting disk 141 in the region of the central axis 117.

An der dem Bimetall 124 zugewandten Innenseite 147 des Bodenteils 143 der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 liegt der andere Anschlußteil 134' kontaktierend an. Dazu durchsetzt der Anschlußteil 134' die Wärmeleitscheibe 141 in einem in der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 entsprechend ausgebildeten Loch, so daß der Anschlußteil 134' vom Schaltraum 105 zur Innenseite 147 geführt ist. Die im wesentlichen aus einem flachrechteckförmigen Blechstreifen gebildeten Anschlußteile 134 und 134', die im Schaltraum 105 parallel zur Mittenachse 117 verlaufen, sind für die Kontaktierung an der einen Seite des Temperaturänderungsteils 130 beziehungsweise an der Innenseite 147 der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 entsprechend rechtwinklig umgebogen.The other connecting part 134 ′ bears in a contacting manner on the inner side 147 of the base part 143 of the heat-conducting disk 141 facing the bimetal 124. For this purpose, the connection part 134 'passes through the heat-conducting disk 141 in a hole formed in the heat-conducting disk 141 accordingly, so that the connection part 134' is guided from the switching space 105 to the inside 147. The connecting parts 134 and 134 ', which are essentially formed from a flat rectangular sheet-metal strip and run parallel to the central axis 117 in the switching space 105, are bent at right angles for contacting on one side of the temperature change part 130 or on the inside 147 of the heat-conducting disc 141.

Die beiden Anschlußteile 134,134', die Wärmeleitscheibe 141, der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 und der Isolationskörper 144 sind über einen Achsbolzen 148 koaxial zur Mittenachse 117 des Ankers 119 fest zusammengehalten, so daß eine einzige Baueinheit gegeben ist. Der Achsholzen 148 ist dazu zweckmäßig als Nietbolzen ausgeführt, wobei der eine Kopfteil 149 den Bund 145 des Isolationskörpers 144 und der andere Kopfteil 150 an der gegenüberliegenden Seite den an der Innenseite 147 der Wärmeleitscheibe 141 anliegenden Anschlußteil 134' übergreift.The two connection parts 134, 134 ', the heat-conducting disc 141, the temperature change part 130 and the insulation body 144 are held together via an axle bolt 148 coaxially to the central axis 117 of the armature 119, so that a single structural unit is provided. For this purpose, the axle bolt 148 is expediently designed as a rivet bolt, with one head part 149 the collar 145 of the insulation body 144 and the other head part 150 on the opposite one Side overlaps the connecting part 134 'resting on the inside 147 of the heat-conducting disc 141.

Die durch den Boden 108 des Deckels 104 an der den Steckerteilen 114 gegenüberliegenden Seite herausgeführten Anschlußteile 134, 134' des Temperaturänderungsteils 130 sind an ihren freien Endbereichen als Flachstecker ausgebildet, auf die wie auch auf die Steckerteile 114 entsprechende Flachsteckhülsen aufgeschoben werden können. Außerdem besitzen die Anschlußteile 134, 134' je mindestens einen Stegteil 151. Die Stegteile 151 sind an den Anschlußteilen 134, 134' außen rechtwinklig umgebogen, so daß sie an der der Unterseite 115 abgewandten Außenseite 152 des Deckels 104 anliegen, wodurch ein fester Zusammenhalt gegeben ist.The connecting parts 134, 134 'of the temperature change part 130 which are led out through the base 108 of the cover 104 on the side opposite the plug parts 114 are formed at their free end regions as flat plugs onto which corresponding flat plug sleeves can also be pushed onto the plug parts 114. In addition, the connection parts 134, 134 'each have at least one web part 151. The web parts 151 are bent at right angles on the connection parts 134, 134' on the outside, so that they rest on the outside 152 of the cover 104 facing away from the underside 115, as a result of which there is firm cohesion is.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schalter 101 ist vorteilhaft als dreipoliges Schaltelement in Verbindung mit der schnappartig wirkenden Bimetallscheibe 124 ausgeführt, welche über ein vom elektrischen Verbraucher unabhängiges Signal durch den zugehörigen Temperaturänderungsteil 130 geschaltet werden kann, der bevorzugt als PTC-Heizelement ausgeführt ist. Es ist somit eine dreipolige galvanische Trennung möglich. Es können also drei Phasen (R-S-T) geschaltet werden. Dies erfolgt stets über den gemeinsamen Anker 119, der die sternförmig abstrebenden Radialstege 122 für alle drei paarweise angeordneten Schaltkontakte 113 besitzt. Dadurch sind symmetrische Schaltpunkte gegeben, so daß die Schaltung bei allen drei Schaltkontaktpaaren zeitlich synchron erfolgt. Mit dem PTC-Heizelement 130 kann auf kleinstem Raum eine besonders wirkungsvolle, vorteilhafte und kostengünstige Ausführung für die angesteuerte Temperaturänderung am Bimetall 124 erzielt werden, weil sich das PTC-Heizelement selbst thermisch regelt beziehungsweise begrenzt.The switch 101 according to the invention is advantageously designed as a three-pole switching element in connection with the snap-acting bimetallic disc 124, which can be switched via a signal which is independent of the electrical consumer by the associated temperature change part 130, which is preferably designed as a PTC heating element. A three-pole electrical isolation is therefore possible. So three phases (RST) can be switched. This is always done via the common armature 119, which has the radial struts 122 striving in a star shape for all three switching contacts 113 arranged in pairs. This gives symmetrical switching points, so that the circuit in all three switching contact pairs are synchronized. With the PTC heating element 130, a particularly effective, advantageous and inexpensive design for the controlled temperature change on the bimetal 124 can be achieved in the smallest space, because the PTC heating element regulates or limits itself thermally.

Es sei noch erwähnt, daß der Isolationskörper 144 nicht für eine thermische, sondern primär zur elektrischen Isolierung bestimmt ist und dazu so bemessen ist, daß entsprechend den Anforderungen und Bestimmungen mit Sicherheit kein Kriechweg zum Kopfteil 149 des Achsbolzens 148 auftreten kann. Der Isolationskörper 144 kann bevorzugt aus wärmeleitfähiger Aluminiumoxidkeramik bestehen, aus Kostengründen aber auch aus normalem Keramikmaterial hergestellt sein.It should also be mentioned that the insulating body 144 is not intended for thermal, but primarily for electrical insulation and is dimensioned in such a way that, according to the requirements and regulations, no creeping path to the head part 149 of the axle bolt 148 can occur. The insulation body 144 can preferably consist of thermally conductive aluminum oxide ceramic, but can also be made of normal ceramic material for cost reasons.

Zwischen dem Bund 145 und dem Kopfteil 149 kann dazu eine Federscheibe oder dergleichen zum Ausgleich eventuell auftretender axialer Relativbewegungen angeordnet sein, so daß der Temperaturänderungsteil 130 in jedem Falle geschont wird und nicht durch übermäßige Beanspruchungen zerstört werden kann.For this purpose, a spring washer or the like can be arranged between the collar 145 and the head part 149 to compensate for any axial relative movements that may occur, so that the temperature change part 130 is protected in any case and cannot be destroyed by excessive stresses.

Das Bimetall 124 liegt bei normaler Schaltfunktion nicht unmittelbar auf den Auflagern 128 auf, sondern hat hier etwas Spiel. Das Bimetall 124 wird in der Mitte von unten über den Anker 119 mittels Federkraft abgestützt.With normal switching function, the bimetal 124 does not rest directly on the supports 128, but has some play here. The bimetal 124 is supported in the middle from below via the armature 119 by means of spring force.

Claims (14)

  1. Switch (101) for an electrical consumer with a casing (102) and a switch compartment (105) in which the switch contacts (113) and a disc-shaped bimetal (124) operating these through an axially movable armature (119) are provided, an electrically controllable temperature change component (130) provided for the bimetal (124) which is provided on a heat conductor (141), and at least one connecting part (134, 134') led out from the casing (102), characterised in that the armature (119) has three transversely bracing radial webs (122), to each of which two switch contacts (113) and a contact bridge (116) belonging to these are assigned, that the temperature change component (130) is arranged in the switch compartment (105) on one side (131) of the bimetal (124) opposite to the radial webs (122) of the armature (119), that the heat conductor (141) is constructed as a plate-shaped or key-shaped disc approximately like the bimetal (124), the disc lying with its outer rim (142) on the peripheral rim (127) of the bimetal, that the temperature change component (130) is arranged on the base section (143) of the plate-shaped heat-conducting disc (141) at a distance from the bimetal (124) and that the heat-conducting disc (141) constructed approximately like the bimetal (124) with its outer rim (142) jointly with the peripheral rim (127) of the bimetal (124) is supported by spot supports between bearings (128) and overlapping parts (129) of the casing (102).
  2. Switch according to the above claim, characterised in that the point support is uniformly distributed with preferably three overlapping parts (129) and bearings (128) of the casing (102) at the rim (127, 142) of the bimetal (124) and the heat-conducting disc (141) at their periphery.
  3. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the overlapping parts (129) holding the bimetal (124) and the heat-conducting disc (141) on the peripheral rim (127, 142) are constructed on a dish-shaped lid (104) also delimiting the switch compartment and the bearings (128) for the bimetal (124) are constructed on a base plate (103) of the casing (102).
  4. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that, in the zone of the overlapping parts (129) and/or the bearings (128), a bolt (110) connecting the lid (104) to the base plate (103) is arranged in each case.
  5. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that an insulating body (144) is assigned to the temperature change component (130) on the side turned away from the bimetal (124) and the heat-conducting disc (141) in the switch compartment (105).
  6. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the insulating body (144) has a centring sleeve (146) projecting into a hole in the temperature change component (130) and a collar (145) overlapping the temperature change component (130).
  7. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that a connecting part (134) is arranged between the collar (145) of the insulating body (144) and the temperature change component (130) and that another connecting part (134') passes through the heat-conducting disc (141) in a hole and is contacted on the inner side (147) turned towards the bimetal (124) of the base part (143) of the plate-shaped heat-conducting disc (141).
  8. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the two connecting parts (134, 134'), the heat-conducting disc (141), the temperature change component (130) and the insulating body (144) are firmly held together as a modular unit by an axial bolt (148) passing through the components, which is preferably in the form of a clinch bolt and overlaps, each with one part of the head (149, 150), on the one side the collar (145) of the insulating body (144) and on the other side the connecting part (134') on the heat-conducting disc (141).
  9. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the connecting parts (134, 134') led out from the base (108) of the lid (104) also delimiting the switch compartment (105) of the temperature change component (130) are fixed on the outer side (152) of the lid (104) turned away from the plug sections (114) of the switch contacts (113) through at least one bent-round web section (151).
  10. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that a heat-dissipating barrier for the temperature change component (130) is formed by a transverse hole (punched hole) made in the connecting part (134, 134') which tapers its cross-section.
  11. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that three preferably uniformly bracing radial webs (122) of the armature (119) are provided on one side of the bimetal (124) turned away from the heat-conducting disc (141).
  12. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that a spring washer is provided between the collar (145) of the insulating body (144) arid the head section (149) of the axial bolt (148).
  13. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the insulating body (144) consists of thermally conductive ceramic material, especially aluminium oxide ceramic.
  14. Switch according to one of the above claims, characterised in that it is constructed as a three-pole galvanically-separating switch element with the temperature change component (130) which can be activated independently of the consumer, the heat-conducting disc (141), the bimetal (124) and the armature (119) with radial webs (122) which brace in a star shape, and three switch contacts (113) arranged in pairs.
EP84111883A 1983-10-06 1984-10-04 Multiphase thermal switch Expired - Lifetime EP0141286B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84111883T ATE78952T1 (en) 1983-10-06 1984-10-04 THERMAL MULTIPOLE SWITCH.
DE19853500260 DE3500260A1 (en) 1983-10-06 1985-01-05 Switch

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3336305 1983-10-06
DE19833336305 DE3336305A1 (en) 1983-10-06 1983-10-06 COUNTER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0141286A2 EP0141286A2 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0141286A3 EP0141286A3 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0141286B1 true EP0141286B1 (en) 1992-07-29

Family

ID=6211110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84111883A Expired - Lifetime EP0141286B1 (en) 1983-10-06 1984-10-04 Multiphase thermal switch

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0141286B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3336305A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1033308B (en) * 1956-09-11 1958-07-03 Licentia Gmbh Small electrical thermal switch
NL107444C (en) * 1957-08-15 1900-01-01
GB853363A (en) * 1959-05-15 1960-11-02 Victor Graves Vaughan Thermostatic electric circuit-breakers
US3019319A (en) * 1959-08-03 1962-01-30 Cherry Electrical Prod Thermal snap-action switch
US3259763A (en) * 1962-12-04 1966-07-05 Texas Instruments Inc Thermally responsive control means
US3579167A (en) * 1966-07-20 1971-05-18 Texas Instruments Inc Thermostatic switch with improved heater assembly and method of assembling same
DE1915314A1 (en) * 1969-03-21 1970-10-01 Siemens Ag Thermoelectric arrangement in the form of a column
DE7200272U (en) * 1972-01-05 1972-05-04 Thermostat- Und Schaltgeraetebau Gmbh & Co Kg Thermal switch with bimetal sensor
US3858139A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-12-31 Texas Instruments Inc Time-delay relay and method of assembling same
US3858140A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-12-31 Texas Instruments Inc Time-delay relay and method of assembling same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0141286A3 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0141286A2 (en) 1985-05-15
DE3336305A1 (en) 1985-05-02
DE3485847D1 (en) 1992-09-03

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