EP0140782A1 - Device for feeding and loading a gun with ammunition in any elevation or azimuth position - Google Patents

Device for feeding and loading a gun with ammunition in any elevation or azimuth position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140782A1
EP0140782A1 EP84402101A EP84402101A EP0140782A1 EP 0140782 A1 EP0140782 A1 EP 0140782A1 EP 84402101 A EP84402101 A EP 84402101A EP 84402101 A EP84402101 A EP 84402101A EP 0140782 A1 EP0140782 A1 EP 0140782A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
weapon
barrel
axis
receptacles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402101A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0140782B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Bouillon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Creusot Loire SA
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Creusot Loire SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0140782A1 publication Critical patent/EP0140782A1/en
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Publication of EP0140782B1 publication Critical patent/EP0140782B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
    • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/11—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a horizontal plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61—Magazines
    • F41A9/64—Magazines for unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/76—Magazines having an endless-chain conveyor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for automatically feeding and loading a weapon with ammunition of several types, and more particularly intended for a combat tank.
  • the gun is carried by a turret orientable in azimuth around a vertical axis, and it is itself orientable in elevation around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the turret.
  • the turret also includes an ammunition storage system and a loading stretcher which makes it possible to successively bring them into the barrel loading position.
  • Ammunition storage is usually carried out by an endless rotating magazine consisting of an assembly of tubular receptacles hinged together along a support and arranged parallel to each other.
  • the loading stretcher removes the ammunition from the storage magazine and introduces it into the loading chamber of the barrel tube.
  • this device allows the cannon to be fed at all angular positions of the turret, it does not allow loading for all the angular positions of the cannon. Indeed, after each shot, it is necessary to return the weapon to a specific site for the introduction of new ammunition; this constraint influences, of course, the speed of the shot.
  • the invention remedies this drawback thanks to another arrangement which makes it possible to reload for all the positions in elevation of the gun, thereby improving the maximum firing rates.
  • the axes of the tubular receptacles of the barrel all converge towards a point located on the pivot axis for pointing the weapon in elevation.
  • FIG. 1 a turret 1 rotating about a vertical axis and mounted for example on an armored vehicle.
  • This magazine 20 is constituted by an endless barrel comprising a carrying frame 21 whose upper and lower vertices have the shape of a half-cone, connected to each other by lateral surfaces developable in the form of a circular sector (FIG. 1).
  • the barrel consists of tubular receptacles 22 connected to each other by connecting rods 23 (FIG. 3) provided with rolling and guiding rollers 24 which roll in raceways 25 provided on the carrying frame 21.
  • Continuous movement or intermittently receptacles 22 around the supporting frame 21 is provided by a geared motor 26 and an endless chain 27 integral with said receptacles.
  • the gear motor 26 is also connected via an electronic control and calculation unit 7 to a sensor 8 detecting the angular movements of the barrel 2.
  • Each tubular receptacle 22, here twelve in number, contains ammunition 9 bead 10; it can be loaded with ammunition all of the same type or on the contrary alternatively with ammunition different models.
  • the receptacles 22 are provided with a lateral opening 22a (FIG. 1) for the passage of the ammunition at the time of its extraction as will be seen later.
  • This stretcher 30 consists of a frame 31 which is integral and articulated on the cradle 32 of the barrel 2 by means of support plates 33 and of translation arm 34. Consequently, the frame 31 moves at the same time as the barrel 2 during changes in pointing in elevation and oscillates between a position for removing the ammunition 9 from the magazine 20 and a position for introducing the ammunition into the breech 3 of the barrel 2.
  • the frame 31 has a central opening 35 for the introduction of ammunition 9.
  • endless chains 36 are provided on each side of the opening 35.
  • Each chain supports on the one hand a cleat articulated 37 for the extraction and delivery of ammunition and on the other hand diabolos 38 for the centering of said ammunition.
  • the diabolos 38 are mounted on axes 39, each end of which slides in slides 40 provided on the internal wall of the frame 31 (FIG. 4).
  • Each cleat 37 is provided with a small caster 41 which moves on a shoe 42 having an inclined end followed by a rectilinear central portion to control the tilting of the cleat at the time of passage of the caster between the inclined end and the portion straight.
  • the cleats 37 have a groove 37a for gripping, driving and pushing back the ammunition 9 by means of their bead 10.
  • the chains 36 are driven by sprockets 43 controlled by a gear motor 44 ( Figure 4) which at the same time ensures the translation of the stretcher 30 by a mechanism not shown.
  • the transfer of an ammunition and the loading of the barrel 2 can be carried out for all the positions of said barrel between the two extreme positions along the axes 5 and 6.
  • the barrel pivoting around the axis 4 for aiming in site involves in its movement the stretcher 30.
  • the ammunition 9 arranged in the receptacles 22 of the revolving store 20 have their axes which converge towards the point C located on the axis 4. Consequently, taking into account these various provisions, whatever the position in elevation of the barrel, it suffices to shift in one direction or the other the receptacles 22 so that a munition is quickly positioned on an axis parallel to that of the barrel.
  • the receptacles 22 of the revolving magazine 20 are loaded with ammunition 9 all of the same type or on the contrary alternatively with ammunition of different models.
  • the sensor 8 detects the angular position of the barrel 2 and transmits the information to the electronic unit 7 which records it.
  • the housing 7 controls the starting of the geared motor 26 which causes via the chain 27 the rotation in one direction or the other of the receptacles 22 around the carrying frame 21, so as to bring the receptacle 22 closest and containing the ammunition chosen on an axis parallel to the axis of site of the barrel 2.
  • the stretcher 30 being secured to the barrel, the ammunition thus chosen is placed opposite the opening 35 and in the axis of said stretcher.
  • the box 7 automatically controls the geared motor 44 of the stretcher to drive by the pinions 43 (FIG. 4) the chains 36 as well as the cleats 37 and the diabolos 38.
  • the displacement of the chains 36 causes the rockers 37 to topple over. moment of passage of the rollers 41 on the rectilinear portion of the pads 42.
  • the grooves 37a of the tabs 37 wedge the bead 10 of the ammunition 9 and drives it out of its receptacle in the stretcher 30 where it is centered and supported by the diabolos 38 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the geared motor 44 drives, by means of the translation arms 34, the pivoting of the stretcher 30.
  • the receptacles 22 being provided with a lateral opening 22a, the end of the munition 9 can disengage from said receptacle at the time of the translation of the stretcher.
  • the gear motor 44 actuates the chains 36 in the opposite direction, the ammunition 9 is therefore driven back by the tabs 37 into the barrel chamber.
  • the bolt closes and the stretcher begins its movement back to the revolving magazine for loading the next munition.
  • this device allows the automatic feeding and loading of the cannon and this for all its pointing positions in azimuths and in positive or negative sites, which improves the maximum rate of fire while having the choice between several types of ammunition.
  • the invention is not strictly limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of example, but it also relates to the embodiments which would differ from it only in details, in variant embodiments or by use of equivalent means. Indeed, it is possible to place on each side of the weapon a revolving magazine and in this case the stretcher moves towards one or the other magazine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'alimentation et de chargement tout azimut et tout site d'une arme en munitions. Le dispositif selon l'invention comporte: - au moins un magasin tournant vertical (20) disposé latéralement à la culasse (3) de l'arme (2) et formé par un barillet sans fin comprenant des réceptacles tubulaires (22) pour le stockage des munitions (9), - des moyens solidaires de l'arme (2) pour le prélèvement et le transfert des munitions (9) entre le magasin tournant et l'arme, - et un système d'asservissement (7-8) de la position des réceptacles (22) du barillet en fonction de la position angulaire en site de l'arme et du type de munitions. L'invention s'applique plus spécialement aux chars de combats.The subject of the invention is an all-azimuth feeding and loading device and any site of an ammunition weapon. The device according to the invention comprises: - at least one vertical rotating magazine (20) disposed laterally to the breech (3) of the weapon (2) and formed by an endless barrel comprising tubular receptacles (22) for storage ammunition (9), - means secured to the weapon (2) for the removal and transfer of ammunition (9) between the revolving magazine and the weapon, - and a servo system (7-8) of the position of the receptacles (22) of the barrel as a function of the angular position in elevation of the weapon and of the type of ammunition. The invention applies more specifically to battle tanks.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'alimentation et de chargement automatique d'une arme en munitions de plusieurs types, et plus particulièrement destinée à un char de combat.The present invention relates to a device for automatically feeding and loading a weapon with ammunition of several types, and more particularly intended for a combat tank.

Généralement, le canon est porté par une tourelle orientable en azimut autour d'un axe vertical, et il est lui-même orientable en site autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de la tourelle.Generally, the gun is carried by a turret orientable in azimuth around a vertical axis, and it is itself orientable in elevation around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the turret.

Selon les dispositions connues, la tourelle comporte également un système de stockage des munitions et une civière de chargement qui permet de les amener successivement en position de chargement du canon. Le stockage des munitions est habituellement réalisé par un magasin tournant sans fin constitué d'un assemblage de réceptacles tubulaires articulés entre eux le long d'un support et disposés parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres. La civière de chargement assure le prélèvement des munitions du magasin de stockage et leur introduction dans la chambre de chargement du tube du canon.According to known arrangements, the turret also includes an ammunition storage system and a loading stretcher which makes it possible to successively bring them into the barrel loading position. Ammunition storage is usually carried out by an endless rotating magazine consisting of an assembly of tubular receptacles hinged together along a support and arranged parallel to each other. The loading stretcher removes the ammunition from the storage magazine and introduces it into the loading chamber of the barrel tube.

Mais, si ce dispositif permet l'alimentation du canon en toutes positions angulaires de la tourelle, il ne permet pas le chargement pour toutes les positions angulaires du canon. En effet, après chaque tir, il est nécessaire de ramener obligatoirement l'arme à un site déterminé pour l'introduction d'une nouvelle munition ; cette contrainte influe, bien évidemment, sur la rapidité du tir.However, if this device allows the cannon to be fed at all angular positions of the turret, it does not allow loading for all the angular positions of the cannon. Indeed, after each shot, it is necessary to return the weapon to a specific site for the introduction of new ammunition; this constraint influences, of course, the speed of the shot.

L'invention remédie à cet inconvénient grâce à une autre disposition qui permet d'effectuer le rechargement pour toutes les positions en site du canon, améliorant ainsi les cadences maximales de tir.The invention remedies this drawback thanks to another arrangement which makes it possible to reload for all the positions in elevation of the gun, thereby improving the maximum firing rates.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif comporte :

  • - au moins un magasin tournant vertical disposé latéralement à la culasse de l'arme et formé par un barillet sans fin comprenant des réceptacles tubulaires pour le stockage des munitions,
  • - des moyens solidaires de l'arme pour le prélèvement et le transfert des munitions entre le magasin tournant et l'arme,
  • - et un système d'asservissement de la position des réceptacles du barillet en fonction de la position angulaire en site de l'arme et du type de munitions.
According to the invention, the device comprises:
  • - at least one vertical rotating magazine disposed laterally to the breech of the weapon and formed by an endless barrel comprising tubular receptacles for the storage of ammunition,
  • - means secured to the weapon for collecting and transferring ammunition between the revolving magazine and the weapon,
  • - And a system for controlling the position of the receptacles of the barrel as a function of the angular position in elevation of the weapon and of the type of ammunition.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les axes des réceptacles tubulaires du barillet convergent tous vers un point situé sur l'axe de pivotement pour le pointage en site de l'arme.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the axes of the tubular receptacles of the barrel all converge towards a point located on the pivot axis for pointing the weapon in elevation.

L'invention sera mieux comprise en se référant à un mode de réalisation particulier, donné à titre d'exemple, et représenté par les dessins annexés.The invention will be better understood by referring to a particular embodiment, given by way of example, and represented by the accompanying drawings.

  • La figure 1 est une coupe schématique transversale d'une tourelle munie du dispositif d'alimentation et de chargement automatique conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a schematic cross section of a turret provided with the automatic feeding and loading device according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 est une coupe de la figure 1 selon l'axe de tir du canon.Figure 2 is a section of Figure 1 along the axis of fire of the cannon.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe selon AA de la figure 1.FIG. 3 is a section along AA of FIG. 1.
  • La figure 4 est une coupe selon BB de la figure 2.FIG. 4 is a section along BB of FIG. 2.
  • Les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues analogues à la figure 2 montrant les différentes phases de chargement d'une munition dans la culasse du canon.Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to Figure 2 showing the different phases of loading ammunition into the breech of the barrel.

On se référera tout d'abord aux figures 1 et 2, où l'on a représenté une tourelle 1 tournant autour d'un axe vertical et montée par exemple sur un véhicule blindé. Le canon 2 de la tourelle et sa culasse 3, représentés sur la figure 1 en pointage de site zéro, peut pivoter autour de l'axe 4 pour pointages en sites positifs ou négatifs, par exemple de + 15° à - 8° comme représentés par les axes en traits mixtes 5 et 6.We will first refer to Figures 1 and 2, where there is shown a turret 1 rotating about a vertical axis and mounted for example on an armored vehicle. The barrel 2 of the turret and its breech 3, represented in FIG. 1 in pointing for zero site, can pivot around the axis 4 for pointing in positive or negative sites, for example from + 15 ° to - 8 ° as shown by the axes in dashed lines 5 and 6.

A l'intérieur de la tourelle 1 et latéralement à la culasse 3 du canon 2 est disposé un magasin tournant désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 20 pour le stockage des munitions. Ce magasin 20 est constitué par un barillet sans fin comportant un châssis porteur 21 dont les sommets supérieurs et inférieurs ont la forme d'un demi-cône, raccordés entre eux par des surfaces latérales développables en forme de secteur circulaire (figure 1).Inside the turret 1 and laterally to the breech 3 of the barrel 2 is disposed a revolving magazine designated as a whole by the reference 20 for the storage of ammunition. This magazine 20 is constituted by an endless barrel comprising a carrying frame 21 whose upper and lower vertices have the shape of a half-cone, connected to each other by lateral surfaces developable in the form of a circular sector (FIG. 1).

Le barillet consiste en des réceptacles tubulaires 22 raccordés entre eux par des bielles de liaison 23 (figure 3) munies de galets de roulement et de guidage 24 qui roulent dans des chemins de roulement 25 prévus sur le châssis porteur 21. Le déplacement en continu ou par intermittence des réceptacles 22 autour du châssis porteur 21 est assuré par un moto-réducteur 26 et une chaîne sans fin 27 solidaire desdits réceptacles. Le moto-réducteur 26 est également racccordé par l'intermédiaire d'un boitier électronique de commande et de calcul 7 à un capteur 8 détectant les déplacements angulaires du canon 2. Chaque réceptacle tubulaire 22, ici au nombre de douze, contient une munition 9 à bourrelet 10 ; il peut être chargé de munitions toutes du même type ou au contraire alternativement de munitions de modèles différents. D'autre part les réceptacles 22 sont munis d'une ouverture latérale 22a (figure 1) pour le passage de la munition au moment de son extraction comme on le verra ultérieurement.The barrel consists of tubular receptacles 22 connected to each other by connecting rods 23 (FIG. 3) provided with rolling and guiding rollers 24 which roll in raceways 25 provided on the carrying frame 21. Continuous movement or intermittently receptacles 22 around the supporting frame 21 is provided by a geared motor 26 and an endless chain 27 integral with said receptacles. The gear motor 26 is also connected via an electronic control and calculation unit 7 to a sensor 8 detecting the angular movements of the barrel 2. Each tubular receptacle 22, here twelve in number, contains ammunition 9 bead 10; it can be loaded with ammunition all of the same type or on the contrary alternatively with ammunition different models. On the other hand the receptacles 22 are provided with a lateral opening 22a (FIG. 1) for the passage of the ammunition at the time of its extraction as will be seen later.

Compte tenu de la forme particulière "en cône aplati" du barillet les axes 11 des réceptacles 22 convergent tous vers un point C situé sur l'axe 4 de pivotement du canon 2 pour le pointage en site.Given the particular shape "flattened cone" of the barrel the axes 11 of the receptacles 22 all converge towards a point C located on the axis 4 of pivoting of the barrel 2 for pointing in elevation.

En se reportant aux figures 2, 3 et 4, on voit que le transfert des munitions 9 entre le magasin 20 et le canon 2 est assuré par une civière désignée par la référence 30. Cette civière 30 se compose d'un cadre 31 qui est solidaire et articulé sur le berceau 32 du canon 2 par l'intermédiaire de plaques supports 33 et de bras de translation 34. Par conséquent, le cadre 31 se déplace en même temps que le canon 2 lors des modifications de pointage en site et oscille entre une position d'extraction des munitions 9 du magasin 20 et une position d'introduction des munitions dans la culasse 3 du canon 2.Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, we see that the transfer of ammunition 9 between the magazine 20 and the barrel 2 is provided by a stretcher designated by the reference 30. This stretcher 30 consists of a frame 31 which is integral and articulated on the cradle 32 of the barrel 2 by means of support plates 33 and of translation arm 34. Consequently, the frame 31 moves at the same time as the barrel 2 during changes in pointing in elevation and oscillates between a position for removing the ammunition 9 from the magazine 20 and a position for introducing the ammunition into the breech 3 of the barrel 2.

Le cadre 31 comporte une ouverture centrale 35 pour l'introduction des munitions 9. A l'intérieur de ce cadre 31, des chaînes sans fin 36 sont prévues de chaque côté de l'ouverture 35. Chaque chaine supporte d'une part un taquet articulé 37 pour l'extraction et le refoulement des munitions et d'autre part des diabolos 38 pour le centrage desdites munitions. Les diabolos 38 sont montés sur des axes 39 dont chaque extrémité coulisse dans des glissières 40 prévues sur la paroi interne du cadre 31 (figure 4). Chaque taquet 37 est muni d'une petite roulette 41 qui se déplace sur un patin 42 comportant une extrémité inclinée suivie d'une portion centrale rectiligne pour commander le basculement du taquet au moment du passage de la roulette entre l'extrémité inclinée et la portion rectiligne. D'autre part, les taquets 37 comportent une gorge 37a pour la préhension, l'entrainement et le refoulement des munitions 9 par l'intermédiaire de leur bourrelet 10.The frame 31 has a central opening 35 for the introduction of ammunition 9. Inside this frame 31, endless chains 36 are provided on each side of the opening 35. Each chain supports on the one hand a cleat articulated 37 for the extraction and delivery of ammunition and on the other hand diabolos 38 for the centering of said ammunition. The diabolos 38 are mounted on axes 39, each end of which slides in slides 40 provided on the internal wall of the frame 31 (FIG. 4). Each cleat 37 is provided with a small caster 41 which moves on a shoe 42 having an inclined end followed by a rectilinear central portion to control the tilting of the cleat at the time of passage of the caster between the inclined end and the portion straight. On the other hand, the cleats 37 have a groove 37a for gripping, driving and pushing back the ammunition 9 by means of their bead 10.

Les chaînes 36 sont entrainées par des pignons 43 commandés par un moto-réducteur 44 (figure 4) qui assure en même temps la translation de la civière 30 par un mécanisme non représenté.The chains 36 are driven by sprockets 43 controlled by a gear motor 44 (Figure 4) which at the same time ensures the translation of the stretcher 30 by a mechanism not shown.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention est le suivant.The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows.

Le transfert d'une munition et le chargement du canon 2 peut s'effectuer pour toutes les positions dudit canon entre les deux positions extrêmes selon les axes 5 et 6. En effet, le canon pivotant autour de l'axe 4 pour le pointage en site entraine dans son mouvement la civière 30. De plus, les munitions 9 disposées dans les réceptacles 22 du magasin tournant 20 ont leurs axes qui convergent vers le point C situé sur l'axe 4. Par conséquent, compte tenu de ces différentes dispositions, quelle que soit la position en site du canon, il suffit de décaler dans un sens ou dans l'autre les réceptacles 22 pour qu'une munition vienne se positionner rapidement sur un axe parallèle à celui du canon.The transfer of an ammunition and the loading of the barrel 2 can be carried out for all the positions of said barrel between the two extreme positions along the axes 5 and 6. In fact, the barrel pivoting around the axis 4 for aiming in site involves in its movement the stretcher 30. In addition, the ammunition 9 arranged in the receptacles 22 of the revolving store 20 have their axes which converge towards the point C located on the axis 4. Consequently, taking into account these various provisions, whatever the position in elevation of the barrel, it suffices to shift in one direction or the other the receptacles 22 so that a munition is quickly positioned on an axis parallel to that of the barrel.

En se reportant aux figures 2, 5 et 6, on va maintenant décrire le transfert et le chargement d'une munition dans la culasse du canon.Referring to Figures 2, 5 and 6, we will now describe the transfer and loading of ammunition in the breech of the barrel.

Les réceptacles 22 du magasin tournant 20 sont chargés de munitions 9 toutes du même type ou au contraire alternativement de munitions de modèles différents. Le capteur 8 détecte la position angulaire du canon 2 et transmet l'information au boitier électronique 7 qui l'enregistre.The receptacles 22 of the revolving magazine 20 are loaded with ammunition 9 all of the same type or on the contrary alternatively with ammunition of different models. The sensor 8 detects the angular position of the barrel 2 and transmits the information to the electronic unit 7 which records it.

Simultanément, l'information sur le type de munition choisi pour le tir est également transmise au boitier 7. En fonction de ces différents paramètres, le boitier 7 commande la mise en route du moto-réducteur 26 ce qui provoque par l'intermédiaire de la chaîne 27 la rotation dans un sens ou dans l'autre des réceptacles 22 autour du chassis porteur 21, de façon à amener le réceptacle 22 le plus proche et contenant la munition choisie sur un axe parallèle à l'axe de site du canon 2. La civière 30 étant solidaire du canon, la munition ainsi choisie vient se placer en face de l'ouverture 35 et dans l'axe de ladite civière.Simultaneously, information on the type of ammunition chosen for shooting is also transmitted to the housing 7. Depending on these various parameters, the housing 7 controls the starting of the geared motor 26 which causes via the chain 27 the rotation in one direction or the other of the receptacles 22 around the carrying frame 21, so as to bring the receptacle 22 closest and containing the ammunition chosen on an axis parallel to the axis of site of the barrel 2. The stretcher 30 being secured to the barrel, the ammunition thus chosen is placed opposite the opening 35 and in the axis of said stretcher.

Ensuite, le boitier 7 commande automatiquement le moto-réducteur 44 de la civière pour entrainer par les pignons 43 (figure 4) les chaines 36 ainsi que les taquets 37 et les diabolos 38. Le déplacement des chaines 36 provoquent le basulement des taquets 37 au moment du passage des roulettes 41 sur la portion rectiligne des patins 42. En basculant, les gorges 37a des taquets 37 coincent le bourrelet 10 de la munition 9 et l'entraine hors de son réceptacle dans la civière 30 où elle est centrée et soutenue par les diabolos 38 comme représenté sur la figure 5.Then, the box 7 automatically controls the geared motor 44 of the stretcher to drive by the pinions 43 (FIG. 4) the chains 36 as well as the cleats 37 and the diabolos 38. The displacement of the chains 36 causes the rockers 37 to topple over. moment of passage of the rollers 41 on the rectilinear portion of the pads 42. By tilting, the grooves 37a of the tabs 37 wedge the bead 10 of the ammunition 9 and drives it out of its receptacle in the stretcher 30 where it is centered and supported by the diabolos 38 as shown in FIG. 5.

Dès que la culasse 3 du canon 2 s'ouvre, (figure 6), le motoréduc- teur 44 entraine par l'intermédiaire des bras de translation 34, le pivotement de la civière 30. Les réceptacles 22 étant munis d'une ouverture latérale 22a, l'extrémité de la munition 9 peut se dégager dudit réceptacle au moment de la translation de la civière. Lorsque la civière est positionnée en face de la culasse 3, le moto-réducteeur 44 actionne les chaînes 36 en sens inverse, la munition 9 est donc refoulée par les taquets 37 dans la chambre du canon. La culasse se referme et la civière amorce son mouvement de retour vers le magasin tournant pour le chargement de la munition suivante.As soon as the breech 3 of the barrel 2 opens (FIG. 6), the geared motor 44 drives, by means of the translation arms 34, the pivoting of the stretcher 30. The receptacles 22 being provided with a lateral opening 22a, the end of the munition 9 can disengage from said receptacle at the time of the translation of the stretcher. When the stretcher is positioned opposite the breech 3, the gear motor 44 actuates the chains 36 in the opposite direction, the ammunition 9 is therefore driven back by the tabs 37 into the barrel chamber. The bolt closes and the stretcher begins its movement back to the revolving magazine for loading the next munition.

Grâce à la forme particulière du magasin tournant ainsi qu'à'la disposition de la civière de transfert, ce dispositif permet l'alimentation et le chargement automatique du canon et cela pour toutes ses positions de pointages en azimuts et en sites positifs ou négatifs, ce qui permet d'améliorer les cadences maximales de tir tout en ayant le choix entre plusieurs types de munitions.Thanks to the particular shape of the revolving magazine as well as to the provision of the transfer stretcher, this device allows the automatic feeding and loading of the cannon and this for all its pointing positions in azimuths and in positive or negative sites, which improves the maximum rate of fire while having the choice between several types of ammunition.

Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas strictement limitée au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit à titre d'exemple, mais elle concerne également les réalisations qui n'en différeraient que par des détails, par des variantes d'exécution ou par l'utilisation de moyens équivalents. En effet, il est possible de placer de chaque côté de l'arme un magasin tournant et dans ce cas la civière se déplace vers l'un ou l'autre magasin.Of course, the invention is not strictly limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of example, but it also relates to the embodiments which would differ from it only in details, in variant embodiments or by use of equivalent means. Indeed, it is possible to place on each side of the weapon a revolving magazine and in this case the stretcher moves towards one or the other magazine.

Claims (9)

1.- Dispositif d'alimentation et de chargement tout site et tout azimut de munitions dans une arme portée par une tourelle orientable en azimut autour d'un axe vertical, ladite arme étant elle-même orientable en site autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de la tourelle, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte : - au moins un magasin tournant vertical (20) disposé latéralement à la culasse (3) de l'arme (2) et formé par un barillet sans fin comprenant des réceptacles tubulaires (22) pour le stockage des munitions (9), - des moyens solidaires de l'arme (2) pour le prélèvement et le transfert des munitions (9) entre le magasin tournant et l'arme, - et un système d'asservissement de la position des réceptacles tubulaires(22) du barillet en fonction de la position angulaire en site de l'arme et du type de munitions.1.- Device for feeding and loading any site and any azimuth of ammunition in a weapon carried by a turret orientable in azimuth around a vertical axis, said weapon being itself orientable in site around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the turret, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one vertical rotating magazine (20) disposed laterally to the breech (3) of the weapon (2) and formed by an endless barrel comprising tubular receptacles (22) for storing ammunition (9), - means secured to the weapon (2) for collecting and transferring the ammunition (9) between the revolving magazine and the weapon, - and a system for controlling the position of the tubular receptacles (22) of the barrel as a function of the angular position in elevation of the weapon and of the type of ammunition. 2.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les axes (11) des réceptaclles tubulaires (22) du barillet convergent tous vers un point "C" situé sur l'axe 4 de pivotement pour le pointage en site de l'arme (2).2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes (11) of the tubular receptaclles (22) of the barrel all converge towards a point "C" located on the pivot axis 4 for pointing in elevation of the weapon (2). 3.- Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que les réceptacles tubulaires (22) du barillet se déplacent autour d'un châssis porteur (21) dont les sommets supérieurs et inférieurs ont chacun la forme d'un demi-cône, raccordés entre eux par des surfaces latérales développables en forme de secteur circulaire.3.- Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the tubular receptacles (22) of the barrel move around a supporting frame (21) whose upper and lower vertices each have the shape of a half cone, connected together by developable side surfaces in the form of a circular sector. 4.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de transfert des munitions (9) sont constitués par une civière (30) formée par un cadre (31) qui est solidaire des déplacements angulaires de l'arme(2) et qui oscille, par l'intermédiaire de bras de translation (34), entre une position d'extraction des munitions du magasin (20) et une position d'introduction desdites munitions dans la culasse (3) de l'arme.4.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ammunition transfer means (9) are constituted by a stretcher (30) formed by a frame (31) which is integral with the angular displacements of the weapon (2 ) and which oscillates, via translation arm (34), between a position for extracting ammunition from the magazine (20) and a position for introducing said ammunition into the breech (3) of the weapon. 5.- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'intérieur du cadre (31) est monté, de chaque côté d'une ouverture centrale (35) une chaine sans fin (36) supportant d'une part un taquet articulé (37) pour l'extraction et le refoulement des munitions (9) et d'autre part des diabolos (38) pour le centrage desdites munitions.5.- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that inside the frame (31) is mounted, on each side of a central opening (35) an endless chain (36) supporting on the one hand an articulated cleat (37) for the extraction and repression of ammunition (9) and on the other hand of the diabolos (38) for the centering of said ammunition. 6.- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que chaque taquet (37) est muni d'une petite roulette (41) qui se déplace sur un patin (42) comportant une extrémité inclinée suivie d'une portion centrale rectiligne pour commander le basculement du taquet au moment du passage de la roulette (41) entre l'extrémité inclinée et la portion rectiligne.6.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that each cleat (37) is provided with a small roller te (41) which moves on a shoe (42) having an inclined end followed by a rectilinear central portion to control the tilting of the cleat at the time of the passage of the roller (41) between the inclined end and the rectilinear portion. 7.- Dispositif selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé par le fait que les taquets (37) comportent une gorge (37a) pour la préhension, l'entrainement et le refoulement des munitions.7.- Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the cleats (37) have a groove (37a) for gripping, training and delivery of ammunition. 8.- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le système d'asservissement comporte un boitier électronique (7) qui enregistre d'une part la position angulaire de l'arme (2), détectée par un capteur (8), et d'autre part le type de munitions choisi et qui commande un moto-réducteur (26) entrainant par une chaine (27) le déplacement dans un sens ou dans l'autre des réceptacles (22) afin d'amener le réceptacle le plus proche et contenant la munition choisie, sur un axe parallèle à l'axe de site de l'arme (2).8.- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the servo system comprises an electronic box (7) which registers on the one hand the angular position of the weapon (2), detected by a sensor (8), and on the other hand the type of ammunition chosen and which controls a geared motor (26) driving by a chain (27) the displacement in one direction or the other of the receptacles (22) in order to bring the nearest receptacle containing the selected ammunition, on an axis parallel to the site axis of the weapon (2). 9.-Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le boitier électronique (7) commande également un second moto-réducteur (44) entrainant successivement les chatnes (36) de la civière (30) et la translation de ladite civière.9.- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (7) also controls a second geared motor (44) successively driving the pins (36) of the stretcher (30) and the translation of said stretcher.
EP84402101A 1983-10-21 1984-10-19 Device for feeding and loading a gun with ammunition in any elevation or azimuth position Expired EP0140782B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8316759 1983-10-21
FR8316759A FR2553875B1 (en) 1983-10-21 1983-10-21 DEVICE FOR FEEDING AND LOADING ANY AZIMUT AND ANY SITE OF A WEAPON IN AMMUNITION

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EP0140782A1 true EP0140782A1 (en) 1985-05-08
EP0140782B1 EP0140782B1 (en) 1988-01-07

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EP84402101A Expired EP0140782B1 (en) 1983-10-21 1984-10-19 Device for feeding and loading a gun with ammunition in any elevation or azimuth position

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US (1) US4763559A (en)
EP (1) EP0140782B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61501720A (en)
DE (1) DE3468525D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2553875B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985001792A1 (en)

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FR3043190A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-05 Nexter Systems REFOULOIR A OBUS
WO2020079658A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 Nexter Systems Magazine for a large-calibre weapon, and turret provided with such a magazine

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US5261310A (en) * 1992-01-10 1993-11-16 General Electric Co. Apparatus for autoloading tank cannons
FR2726637A1 (en) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-10 Giat Ind Sa Ammunition round loader and unloader for tank gun or artillery piece
SE513006C2 (en) * 1999-01-20 2000-06-19 Bofors Weapon Sys Ab Method and apparatus for handling artillery grenades when loading artillery pieces
US6513415B2 (en) 2001-03-22 2003-02-04 United Defense Lp Propellant retention device
US6679159B1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-01-20 United Defense, L.P. Ammunition transfer system
US7207257B2 (en) * 2005-03-08 2007-04-24 Meggitt Defense Systems, Inc. Ammunition guide

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FR3043190A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-05 Nexter Systems REFOULOIR A OBUS
WO2020079658A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 Nexter Systems Magazine for a large-calibre weapon, and turret provided with such a magazine
FR3087527A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-24 Nexter Systems MAGAZINE FOR LARGE-CALIBER WEAPON AND TURRET EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A MAGAZINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0140782B1 (en) 1988-01-07
FR2553875B1 (en) 1988-04-15
FR2553875A1 (en) 1985-04-26
JPS61501720A (en) 1986-08-14
US4763559A (en) 1988-08-16
DE3468525D1 (en) 1988-02-11
WO1985001792A1 (en) 1985-04-25

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