Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media
  • A61M5/445—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media the media being heated in the reservoir, e.g. warming bloodbags
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
  • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
  • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
  • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
  • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
  • A61M1/166—Heating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
  • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
  • A61M1/28—Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
  • A61M2205/3653—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

• the present invention relates to apparatus for heating and maintaining temperature control of CAPD fluid.
• Fig. 1 There is a known, system (as shown in Fig. 1) for warming bags which comprises a box-container which is divided into an upper andalower compartment by a perspex sheet with circular holes therein. In the lower compartment are two mains-power light-bulbs. The bag ' is placed- in the upper compartment and the lid placed thereon.
• a continuous ambulatory CAPD body fluid heating and temperature control apparatus comprising, regulated power supply means and a heating element connectable thereto, temperature sensing means located in said element and controlling the power supply to the element to maintain the temperature of the fluid at a preselected level.
• the apparatus includes timing control means connectable to the power supply means for permitting the bag to be heated within predetermined times.
• the temperature sensing means is a bimetallic switch.
• the heating element is aluminium foil covered in a thermally conductive electrically insulating material.
• the voltage applied to the heating element is 8-10 volts d.c.
• the timing control means includes a microprocessor, the microprocessor controls the operation of the apparatus in accordance with a pre ⁇ determined program.
• the heating element includes indicating means, said indicating means providing a signal when said heating element receives electrical power.
• the timing control means includes a real-time clock, controlled by said microprocessor.
• the timing control means includes audio and/or visual alarm means connected thereto.
• the timing control means includes a rechargeable battery.
• the heating element is connectable to a 12 v d.c. power supply.
• the heating element is located in a plastic sheet, the said sheet being locatable on a thermally insulated portable bag container.
• the timing control means includes a mains output whereby electrical appliances can be connected to and driven therefrom.
• said microprocessor is programmed so as to be able to override normal temperature regulation to provide a rapid temperature rise.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known CAPD bag heating device
• Fig. 2 is a photograph showing the dialysis fluid bag in a portable case
• Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the apparatus according to the present invention.
• a portable case 1 having insulated walls 2 contains a plastic bag 3 filled with dialysis fluid.
• the case 1 contains a plastic sheet 4 in which a convoluted aluminium foil heating element 5 is located.
• the aluminium foil heating element 5 is connected to power supply terminals 6.
• a bimetallic switch 7 is connected in series with the heating element 5.
• An indicator in the form of an LED (light emitting diode) 8 in series with a resistor 9 is connected across the heating element 5 and indicates when the bimetallic switch 7 is closed and is taking current.
• the terminals 6 of the heating element 5 are connectable -to an output 10a of a regulator power supply 10.
• the heating element 5 is also connectable to a 12 v d.c. supply (not shown in the interests of clarity) in the absence of the regulated power supply 10.
• the regulated power supply 10 is connectable to mains supply and provides a first regulated output 10a between 8-10 v d.c. and a second regulated output 10b
• the programm ⁇ able timing controller 11 contains a microprocessor (not shown) which controls the operation of the apparatus under the directions of a program stored in its memory.
• a real-time clock 12 is connected to the controller 11. The time on the real-time clock 12 can also be preset.
• An audio alarm 13 and/or a visual alarm 14 are connected to the controller 11 and may be actuated when the time or temperature exceed preset limits.
• the controller 11 also has a rechargeable battery 15 connected thereto, the rechargeable battery 15 providing power to the clock 12 and alarms 13, 14 in the absence of power from the regulated power suppl 10b.
• the controller 11 also has an output socket 16 through which mains power may be provided to electrical appliances.
• the bag In use, the bag is inserted into the carrying case 1 as shown in Fig. 2 and power switched on.
• the bimetallic switch 4 opens stopping current flow to the heating element 5 and the LED 8 goes out.
• the bimetallic switch 7 constantly makes and breaks to regulate the temperature of the fluid in the bag at about 37°C - 38°C.
• the program controller 11 has a 24 hour clock which permits the apparatus to operate over a number of time intervals (typically 4-6) in any 24 hour cycle.
• the start and finish of each time interval can be programmed via the microprocessor by the user with the assistance of the real-time clock 12.
• the rechargeable battery provides power when the mains supply is disconnected.
• the heating, temperature and time control may be powered from a 12 v d.c. supply such as in a car.
• the alarms 13, 14 may operate if the required fluid temperature is not being achieved or if a time interval occurs during which the heating element 5 is not connected to the power supply 7.
• the apparatus includes the facility to override the above heating and temperature regulation control; a four position heat control switch is provided which allows the temperature of fluid in the bag 3 to be raised to body temperature over 30 mins, 1, 2 and 4 hours. This permits rapid warm-up which is particularly beneficial when the ambient temperature is considerably less than body temperature.
• Advantages of the present invention include, patient safety is considerably improved over known devices and the risk of electrocution is mitigated by using a very- low d.c. voltage to supply the heating element, the fluid temperature is controlled thus increasing patient safety and comfort; insulation of the bag carrier provides efficient use of power and transfer of heat to the dialysis fluid bag, thermal conduction also gives improved efficiency, and the rapid start-up override facility provides rapid heating of the fluid in cold weather.
• the heating and control system as hereinbefore described is designed for use with the 'Improved Continuous Peritoneal Dialysis System' which is the subject of co-pending British Patent Application No. 8133663 filed 7th November, 1981.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

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• 1984
  • 1984-04-09 WO PCT/GB1984/000120 patent/WO1984004042A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1984-04-09 EP EP84901600A patent/EP0138980A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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