Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
  • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
  • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
  • B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
  • B60P7/06—Securing of load
  • B60P7/08—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides
  • B60P7/0884—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides by increasing the friction between the load and the surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
  • B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
  • B60P7/06—Securing of load
  • B60P7/08—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides
  • B60P7/0892—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides by preventing lateral movement of the load, e.g. using stop blocks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
  • B65D71/0088—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
  • B65D71/0092—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck provided with one or more rigid supports, at least one dimension of the supports corresponding to a dimension of the load, e.g. skids
  • B65D71/0096—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck provided with one or more rigid supports, at least one dimension of the supports corresponding to a dimension of the load, e.g. skids the dimensions of the supports corresponding to the periphery of the load, e.g. pallets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
  • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
  • B65D2519/00736—Details
  • B65D2519/0081—Elements or devices for locating articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
  • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
  • B65D2519/00736—Details
  • B65D2519/00825—Finishing of the external surfaces
  • B65D2519/0083—Anti-slip means
  • B65D2519/0084—Separated elements, e.g. including in-moulded elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
  • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
  • B65D2571/00067—Local maintaining elements, e.g. partial packaging, shrink packaging, shrink small bands
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
  • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
  • B65D2571/0008—Load supporting elements
  • B65D2571/00086—Feet or isolated supports, not formed by the articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
  • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
  • B65D2571/00111—Arrangements of flexible binders
  • B65D2571/00117—Arrangements of flexible binders with protecting or supporting elements arranged between binder and articles or materials, e.g. for preventing chafing of binder

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to cargo re- straining devices for use in connection with trans ⁇ portation of palletized cargo loads, and more specif ⁇ ically relates to a disposable cargo restraining de ⁇ vice, i.e. a cargo restraining device which is easily assembled for receiving a palletized load and which, following delivery of the load, can be readily discard ⁇ ed.
• the device is thus simple to assemble and use, and is relatively inexpensive, so that there is no necessity to re-use the device after it has been used to transport cargo.
• Patent No. 4,147,112 issued to Greene et al, thus relates to a cargo support or retainer which endeavors to avoid banding, blocking, or bracing of palletized car ⁇ go loads, by providing a substantially L-shaped frame, wherein the lower horizontal member which contacts the floor is provided with a plurality of "anti-skid" spikes.
• a further such cargo restraining device is dis- closed in said U.S. Patent No. 4,317,645 issued to the inventor herein, James Van Compel.
• an elongated floor contacting member is provided with an upwardly facing load-bearing surface, the member being adapted to project forwar ly beneath a portion of the cargo load.
• a generally upright member is secured to the floor contacting member in spaced relation from the forward end of the floor contacting member for engaging with the cargo load, and a floor piercing element is movably mounted on the floor contacting member adjacent to the rearward end thereof.
• the floor piercing element is normally disposed to pierce the floor when the floor contacting member of the restraining device is under load in service, and is movable to a position incapable of piercing the floor when the restraining device is out of service.
• Patent No. 3,699,900 to Carlson also describes a device for use in the transport, handling and storage of materials.
• This device has a base portion and a first wall portion, either of which may be utilized in the lifting and transporting of the device.
• a pair of op ⁇ posed spaced side panels are provided between the base portion and the first wall portion, for confining and protecting the material on said device.
• a disposable cargo restraining device which, being con ⁇ structed of inexpensive, readily available materials, can be discarded after use, i.e., after being used to
• ITUTE SHEET O transport a palletized cargo load which is removed.
• This cargo restraining device is initially compact be ⁇ cause the vertical brace member normally used to support the cargo during transport is folded down over the floor contacting member.
• the vertical brace member is con ⁇ nected to the floor contacting member by metal members which can be bent 180° out of the plane of the floor member, and then brought to 90° to form a vertical brace or backboard for supporting a cargo load on the floor contacting member.
• These metal members are preferably fastened to the floor contacting member and brace mem ⁇ ber, respectively, by preformed metal projections, or points, which extend through the respective members, and are then bent over and pressed back into such members as to become integral therewith. Other equivalent means can be used to effect such fastening.
• the floor contacting member and backboard member can be wood, masonite, or any readily available, inex ⁇ pensive material which can be discarded after use.
• Fastening members in the form of cinching straps are provided for holding the cargo restraining device to the pallet and accompanying load. These cinching straps are preferably secured to both the backboard and floor contacting members. These cinching straps also have conventional "D" rings through which the ends of the straps pass.
• the floor or ground contacting surface of the floor contacting member is provided with toothed projections which pierce the floor and further restrain the cargo against rear ⁇ ward movement, i.e., more generally movement in one di-
• these toothed projections are formed on the lateral edges of the hinge member.
• a row of such teeth may be provided at each such edge, and some of the teeth toward the upright member may be shorter than the re ⁇ maining teeth in the row.
• Mem ⁇ bers of the same row of teeth may also be bent to oppo- site sides of a central plane, to provide a deterrent to lateral sway of the load and also so that they will not follow the groove created by the preceding teeth in an impact mode.
• the hinge member may further be provided with a U-shaped channel cross-section at an extended portion of same which lies against the upright.
• the flanges of the U channel provide further strengthening of the member to diminish any tendency of the member to fracture on the aforementioned impact.
• the flanges of the U are prefer- ably provided with toothed projections at the ends toward the floor contacting member, which dig into the underlying support surface upon impact.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a cargo restraining device for use with palletized loads, which uses readily available and inexpensive materials.
• a further object of the invention is to provide a cargo restraining device which occupies a minimal space when not in use, and which is easy to assemble for use with a palletized cargo load.
• a still further object of the invention is to pro ⁇ vide a disposable cargo restraining device for use with a palletized cargo load, which restrains movement in one direction of the cargo during transport, and which al ⁇ lows reco paction on a reverse impact.
• Yet another object of the invention is to provide a disposable cargo restraining device for use with pal ⁇ letized loads requiring little or no skill to use.
• a still further object of the invention is to pro ⁇ vide a disposable cargo restraining device for use with the load from a fork-lift truck.
• a yet further object of the present invention is to provide a cargo restraining device of the above char ⁇ acter, which incorporates toothed means to prevent slippage of the device and secured load under vehicular impact, and which has teeth so arranged as to minimize the likelihood of tooth failure during the load rocking that may be incident to impact.
• a still further object of the invention is to pro ⁇ vide a cargo restraining device of the foregoing char- acter, which incorporates toothed means to prevent slippage of the device and secured load upon vehicular
• a yet further object of the invention is to provid a cargo restraining device of the foregoing character, which enables load handling from either side, as with
• FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a disposa ⁇ ble cargo restraining device according to the present invention, shown supporting a palletized cargo load;
• FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the disposable cargo restraining device, illustrating same in its collapsed storage or shipping configuration, and show ⁇ ing how the device may be set up to receive a pallet- ized cargo load;
• FIGURE 2A is a perspective view of a fastening or hinge member for use in the invention.
• FIGURE 3 is an elevational view of a cargo carrier containing palletized cargo loads and illustrating the disposable cargo restraining device of the invention in
• FIGURE 4 is a partial end view, in elevation, showing the cut-out for receiving the forks of a fork- lift truck for transporting the palletized cargo load to a carrier;
• FIGURE 5 is a partial side view, somewhat schem ⁇ atic in nature, showing certain of the toothed pro ⁇ jections on the underside of the floor contacting mem ⁇ ber for gripping the floor;
• FIGURE 6 is a partial elevational end view, schem ⁇ atic in nature, showing how certain of the toothed pro ⁇ jections on the underside of the floor contacting mem ⁇ bers may be disposed for minimizing lateral load sway and for other advantages;
• FIGURE 7 shows the cargo restraining device of the invention in perspective, erected and ready to receive a palletized cargo load;
• FIGURE 8 is a side elevational view of the cargo restraining device in a closed position before use
• FIGURE 9 is a partial perspective view of an up ⁇ right support member for use in the invention, which has been modified by reinforcing members to enable use of the device with especially heavy loads;
• FIGURE 10 is a perspective view of a further type of fastening or hinge member for use in the invention.
• FIGURE 11 is a partial side view, somewhat schem ⁇ atic in nature, showing certain of the toothed projec ⁇ tions on the underside of the floor contacting member of Figure 10.
• disposable cargo restraining device 10 in accordance with the invention, is comprised of two boards of low cost, readily avail- able material, such as plywood or masonite, of which (in use) one board 12 forms an upright brace or back ⁇ board, and the other forms a floor or ground contactiny member 14.
• These boards or members 12 and 14 are con ⁇ nected or attached by means of a plurality of members 16, 18 and 20, which function in the nature of hinges so as to permit device 10 to be configured for shipment and/or storage as in the solid lined position of Fig ⁇ ure 2 , and to be configured for use as in Figure 7, i.e. by moving the upright member 12 through 90° to the dotted line position 12a of Figure 2.
• While members 16, 18 and 20 can comprise various hinge-like devices capa ⁇ ble of moving between the two fixed positions required to achieve the configuration change indicated, such mem ⁇ bers preferably comprise simple unitary, generally rectangular, metal pieces, formed e.g. of steel, which possess at least sufficient strength and flexibility to allow bending once 180° and a counterbend of 90° another time without fracturing.
• hinge members are seen in the perspective view of Figure 2A, to comprise the single metal blank 15, the central portion of which is punched to form a plurality of metal points 22, and the lateral edges of which carry toward one end, two rows 23 and 25 of integrally formed teeth 76 ( Figure 8), the function of which will become apparent below.
• Metal pieces 16, 18, and 20 are secured to each of the boards by means of the preformed metal points 22. These metal points are pressed into and through boards 12 and 14, respectively, and then are bent over and pressed back into those boards so as to become integral with the boards 12 and 14.
• Backboard member 12 has cut-outs 40 and 42 which form fork-pockets for a towmotor used for loading the palletized cargo loads. These cut-outs or pockets allow entry into pockets 44 and 46 of a conventional pallet 28 (see Figure 4). Pockets 44 and 46 of pallet 28 are
• the pallets just described are conventional and widely used by the shipping industry.
• FIG. 3 shows a conventional railway box car 58 loaded with palletized cargo loads mounted on the cargo restraining devices of the present invention.
• Box car 58 has end walls 60 and 62, a door 64, and a door open ⁇ ing 66. It is loaded with pallets 68a, b, c, d, and e against end wall 60, and pallets 70a, b, c, d, and e against end wall 62. Pallets 72 and 74 are secured to restraining devices 73 and 75, are then placed in the doorway area 66, eliminating the need for center void bracing. Heretofore, such a loading pattern was not possible without filling the center void 77 with brac ⁇ ing.
• bracing is costly not only in materials but labor to install as well.
• a dunnage bag i.e., an inflatable airbag (which was a returnable item) had been used.
• the use of the present invention eliminates the need for costly bracing or re ⁇ turnable dunnage bags.
• a set of teeth 76 are preferably provided on the bottom (floor-contacting) side of member 14. These teeth may be of saw-tooth shape, with the most vertical edges of the saw-teeth being disposed toward the upright member 12 of device 10. Since the said member 12 will normally be disposed
• Teeth 76 are preferably provided directly on the lateral edges of 16, 18 and 20, as two rows 23 and 25 ( Figure 2A) .
• Teeth 79 which are provided toward the end 177 ( Figure 1) of device 10 which is remote from upright member 12, may be of equal length. Teeth 79 are o ⁇ - tional and can be present on simple flat plates secured to the bottom of member 14, or can otherwise be so pro ⁇ vided.
• the teeth at the end of the device 10 which is toward the upright 12 may be of different length.
• the teeth 82 and 84 are of equal length, while teeth 86, 88 and 90 toward the member 12 are each shorter than the tooth ahead of it.
• the line through the apexes of the set of teeth forms an angle 92 with the floor, which angle depends upon the spacing between the teeth and the differences in their height.
• in- dividual or successive teeth in the rows can be bent to alternate sides of a vertical plane.
• teeth 76a and 76b which can e.g. be successive teeth at the lateral edge 179 of member 20; and by the teeth 76c and 76d, which can e.g. be successive teeth at the opposed lateral edge 81 of member 20.
• This ar ⁇ rangement allows the teeth to oppose lateral sway of the load during transport.
• the de ⁇ vices Prior to use, and to facilitate shipping, the de ⁇ vices are folded over and can be stacked.
• the cinch straps 26 and 24 will wrap around the device twice (or more) as shown in Figure 8, but the "D" rings will always be on top.
• the said members can be attached by screws, cleats, and
• vertical rein ⁇ forcing members 81 can be provided at member 12, to which the metal plates 16, 18, etc., or other hinges, may be secured.
• the hinge member as shown at 100 in Figure 10, can be provided with a U-shaped channel cross section 101 at the portion 102 of same which lies against upright member 12.
• Por ⁇ tion 102 is considerably extended in compari- son with the portion 111 which lies against horizontal member 14, so that portion 102 functions as a brace for backboard 12; i.e., as seen in Figure 11, portion 102 may extend upward a considerable distance along member 12, e.g., for 1/2 or more of the length of member 12.
• Member 100 is again provided with integrally formed points or cleats 107 which can penetrate and engage members 12 and 14.
• the flanges 103 and 104 of the U-channel provide further strengthening of the hinge member, to diminish any tendency of the member to fracture upon vehicular impact as described above.
• Flanges 103 and 104 are preferably provided with toothed projections 105 and 106 at the ends toward the floor contacting member, which dig into the under ⁇ lying support surface upon severe impact.
• successive teeth 82a, 84a, 86a, 88a and 90a are shorter as one proceeds toward upright 12.
• the angle 109 of the teeth can vary according to require ⁇ ments; in one typical arrangement angle 109 is about 15°.
• hinge member 106 are also embedded at surface 80.
• fracturing could occasionally occur at portions of the hinge member, such as at the high stress zone schematically suggested at 110.
• the hinge member embodiment shown in Figure 10 largely eliminates any such tendencies.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Pallets (AREA)
• Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=23861128

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 1984
  • 1984-02-17 WO PCT/US1984/000217 patent/WO1984003260A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1984-02-17 JP JP59501242A patent/JPS60500614A/ja active Pending
  • 1984-02-17 EP EP19840901248 patent/EP0137834A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1984-02-21 BR BR8400768A patent/BR8400768A/pt unknown
  • 1984-02-21 KR KR1019840000824A patent/KR840007686A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events