EP0137067B1 - Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0137067B1
EP0137067B1 EP83110084A EP83110084A EP0137067B1 EP 0137067 B1 EP0137067 B1 EP 0137067B1 EP 83110084 A EP83110084 A EP 83110084A EP 83110084 A EP83110084 A EP 83110084A EP 0137067 B1 EP0137067 B1 EP 0137067B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
process step
yarns
vessels
fibres
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EP83110084A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0137067A1 (en
Inventor
Berthold Dipl.-Ing. Magin
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MTM Obermaier GmbH and Co KG
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MTM Obermaier GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP83110084A priority Critical patent/EP0137067B1/en
Priority to DE8383110084T priority patent/DE3371244D1/en
Priority to US06/658,196 priority patent/US4590683A/en
Publication of EP0137067A1 publication Critical patent/EP0137067A1/en
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Publication of EP0137067B1 publication Critical patent/EP0137067B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/006—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles
    • F26B21/007—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles the objects being bobbin- or spool-like bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for drying wound fibers or yarns with two kettles to be used alternately for the same treatment process, the fibers or yarns being heated in a first process step with an almost moisture-saturated, hot gas serving as heat transfer medium and in a second process step under vacuum are dried and these process steps are repeated alternately in the two kettles until the final drying.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • Such a method and a device suitable for carrying it out are known, for example, from DE-A-21 09 696.
  • This drying process takes place in such a way that, first of all, the circulating gas serving as heat carrier during the heating process for heating the fibers or yarns, for example 30 to 60 ° C and for the purpose of reducing the drying power of the gas is constantly moistened so strongly that the partial vapor pressure is approximately equal to the partial vapor pressure of the gas boundary layer on the capillary surface of the material to be dried, which in turn depends on the temperature of the material to be dried in accordance with the steam curve.
  • the textile material is heated up intensely and drying is prevented at the same time.
  • the boiler is then evacuated so that, due to the lowering of the boiling point, the water stored in the fibers or yarns evaporates and is sucked off with the vacuum pump.
  • This process i.e. the alternating heating with moist, hot gas and the subsequent drying under vacuum is repeated until the fibers or yarns have dried sufficiently.
  • the known drying device consists of two boilers in which the two processes take place alternately. Both boilers are first connected to the humidification and heating device, then to the vacuum and drying device via changeover valves. In this way, two drying processes can be carried out simultaneously in two boilers with a single machine: heater, blower and evacuation device including condenser, since whenever the blower and heater are in the circuit of the first boiler, the other boiler is connected to the evacuation device.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve the method described at the outset in such a way that the moisture stored in the deeper layers of the yarns or fibers can also be removed more rapidly, so that the drying process is shortened overall.
  • This object is achieved in that during the course of the progressive drying, the moisture content of the gas is reduced in accordance with the moisture content of the fibers or yarns during the first process step, that the duration of the second process step is shortened compared to the duration of the first process step and that in a third process step at an intermediate pressure in the boiler (1, 1a) the residual moisture is transported to the surface of the fibers or yarns (2, 2a) with a warm dry gas flow.
  • the warm, dry gas flow can be supplied intermittently. This is particularly advantageous if the performance of the vacuum pump is limited.
  • the main advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that the moisture stored in the deeper layers of the yarns or fibers no longer reaches the surface only due to the diffusion, but is conveyed to the outside with the help of the gas flow, but at the same time the advantages of vacuum drying , namely the reduction of the boiling point and the resulting protection of the material, are retained.
  • the sum of the duration of the second and third process steps, which take place in each boiler is chosen approximately as long as the duration of the first process step, which takes place in the other boiler, results from the considerable Reduction in the number of cycles required to completely dry the fibers or yarns while reducing the total Duration of treatment.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device which, starting from the device described in the preamble of claim 5, enables a faultless, trouble-free, time-shortened operating sequence without the need for expensive additional units.
  • This object is achieved in that the part used between the switching flaps, consisting of blower, humidifier and heater, additionally receives a cooler and a water separator, and that a controllable bypass is arranged parallel to the switching flaps.
  • a high-frequency heater can be arranged in the boiler to support the drying process, in particular under vacuum or full vacuum.
  • Dried material is used in each of the two boilers 1, a, for example in the form of coils 2, 2a.
  • the boilers 1, 1a are connected to heating circuits 3, 3a and to evacuation lines 12, 12a.
  • the two heating circuits 3, 3a can alternatively be connected via switch flaps 13, 13a to a two common part with blower 4, heater 5, compressed air source 8 and humidifier 18. Saturated steam is generally used to humidify the drying gas.
  • the evacuation lines 12, 12a are connected via vacuum flaps 11, 11a to an evacuation device 16 with an upstream condenser 15. Finally, ventilation and venting valves 10, 10a are provided on the boilers 1, 1a. With the help of the switchover elements 14, 14a used, a switchover can take place such that the yarn packages 2, 2a are preferably dried on the outside or on the inside.
  • Controllable bypass lines 9, 9a are located parallel to the upper switching flaps 13, 13a. With the help of these bypass lines 9, 9a, part of the heated gas flow can be branched out of the heating circuit and fed to the currently evacuated boiler 1a.
  • the drying process according to the invention proceeds as follows using the device shown. After the wet yarn packages 2, 2a coming from the dyeing plant have been inserted into the boilers 1, 1a, they are first mechanically dewatered with compressed air and then heated with moist, warm gas. For this purpose, the blower 4 pushes the drying gas, generally air, through the heater 5, where it is heated and optionally humidified by the supply of steam in the humidifier 18. This moist hot gas flows through the boiler 1a and the yarn spool 2a in a circuit in the position of the switching flaps 13, 13a shown. If the gas is too hot or too heavily loaded with moisture, it can be cooled in the cooler 6 and the water which separates out can be removed from the water separator 7. This cooling and dehumidification of the drying gas takes place in accordance with the degree of drying of the fibers or yarns 2, 2a.
  • Such a heating cycle takes six minutes, for example. It is carried out with practically moisture-saturated air at approx. 125 ° C, e.g. if dyed cotton or polyester can be treated. Due to the rather short cycle times, despite the high gas temperature, the textile goods only become harmless temperatures, e.g. max. 85 ° C.
  • the vacuum flaps 11, 11a are in the position shown, i.e. the boiler 1 is switched to vacuum.
  • the switching flaps 13, 13a and the vacuum flaps 11, 11a are switched over, so that the yarns 2 in the left boiler 1 are now heated and the yarns 2a in the right boiler 1a are evacuated and dried.
  • the drying process under vacuum comes to a standstill after a relatively short time, for example after about a minute. This is due to the fact that the moisture present on the surface of the yarn package 2 evaporates and that the moisture present in the deeper layers of the yarn package 2 only has to diffuse to the surface gradually.
  • the bypass 9 is opened slightly after about one minute.
  • part of the warm air flows into the boiler 1, whereupon an intermediate pressure is established there.
  • This dry, warm gas flow flows through the yarn spool 2 and thereby transports the moisture stored in the deeper layers to the surface, where it evaporates as a result of the lowering of the boiling point due to the pressure reduction and is transported via the line 12 into the vacuum condenser 15.
  • the direction of flow through the yarn bobbins 2, 2a can be set with the changeover elements 14, 14a, the flow predominantly being directed from the outside inwards.
  • the bypass 9, 9a can remain open during the third process step. If the vacuum pump 16 has only a relatively low performance, it is advisable to bypass 9 to open and close alternately so that the pressure in the boiler 1, 1a drops again and again to the desired intermediate value.
  • a high-frequency drying device 17, 17a can be arranged in the boilers 1, 1a a to support the drying, in particular during the second and third method step.
  • the arrangement of the cooler 6 and the water separator 7 has yet another advantage. It is possible, for example, to supply cooling water which is supplied to the vacuum condenser 15 at approximately 10 ° C. and leaves it at approximately 35 ° C. directly to the cooler 6 in order to cool and dehumidify the drying and heating gas. At the exit of the cooler 6, this water can be removed at a temperature of about 60 0 C. This heated water can then be used as process water, for example in a connected dyeing plant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von aufgespulten Fasern oder Garnen mit zwei wechselweise für denselben Behandlungsvorgang zu verwendenden Kesseln, wobei die Fasern oder Garne in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt mit einem als Wärmeträger dienenden, nahezu feuchtigkeitsgesättigten, heißen Gas aufgeheizt und in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt unter Vakuum getrocknet werden und diese Verfahrensschritte in den beiden Kesseln abwechselnd bis zur endgültigen Trocknung wiederholt werden. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for drying wound fibers or yarns with two kettles to be used alternately for the same treatment process, the fibers or yarns being heated in a first process step with an almost moisture-saturated, hot gas serving as heat transfer medium and in a second process step under vacuum are dried and these process steps are repeated alternately in the two kettles until the final drying. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Ein derartiges Verfahren sowie eine zu seiner Durchführung geeeignete Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise bekannt aus der DE-A-21 09 696. Dieses Trocknungsverfahren vollzieht sich dergestalt, daß zunächst das als Wärmeträger dienende, zirkulierende Gas während des Erwärmungsprozesses zur Aufheizung der Fasern oder Garne auf zum Beispiel 30 bis 60° C und zwecks Herabsetzung der Trockenkraft des Gases ständig angefeuchtet wird und zwar so stark, daß der Partialdampfdruck ungefähr gleich dem Partialdampfdruck der Gasgrenzschicht an der Kapilaroberfläche des Trocknungsgutes ist, der seinerseits von der Temperatur des Trocknungsgutes entsprechend der Dampfkurve abhängt. Dadurch wird eine intensive Erwärmung des Textilgutes erreicht und gleichzeitig die Trocknung unterbunden. Anschließend wird der Kessel evakuiert, so daß infolge der Herabsetzung des Siedepunktes das in den Fasern oder Garnen gespeicherte Wasser verdampft und mit der Vakuumpumpe abgesaugt wird.Such a method and a device suitable for carrying it out are known, for example, from DE-A-21 09 696. This drying process takes place in such a way that, first of all, the circulating gas serving as heat carrier during the heating process for heating the fibers or yarns, for example 30 to 60 ° C and for the purpose of reducing the drying power of the gas is constantly moistened so strongly that the partial vapor pressure is approximately equal to the partial vapor pressure of the gas boundary layer on the capillary surface of the material to be dried, which in turn depends on the temperature of the material to be dried in accordance with the steam curve. As a result, the textile material is heated up intensely and drying is prevented at the same time. The boiler is then evacuated so that, due to the lowering of the boiling point, the water stored in the fibers or yarns evaporates and is sucked off with the vacuum pump.

Dieser Vorgang, d.h. das abwechselnde Aufheizen mit feuchtem, heißem Gas und das anschließende Trocknen unter Vakuum wird so lange wiederholt, bis die Fasern oder Garne ausreichend getrocknet sind.This process, i.e. the alternating heating with moist, hot gas and the subsequent drying under vacuum is repeated until the fibers or yarns have dried sufficiently.

Die Verwendung von feuchtem, heißem Gas zum Aufheizen der Fasern oder Garne ist unbedingte Voraussetzung für eine schonende Behandlung derselben. Bei Verwendung von heißem, trockenem Gas könnte zwar die Trockenzeit reduziert werden; allerdings müßte dann mit irreparablen Schäden an den Fasern oder Garnen durch Übertrocknung gerechnet werden.The use of moist, hot gas to heat up the fibers or yarns is an essential prerequisite for gentle treatment of the same. When using hot, dry gas, the drying time could be reduced; however, irreparable damage to the fibers or yarns from overdrying would then have to be expected.

Da Aufheizen und Vakuumtrocknen wie erwähnt wechselweise vorgenommen werden, besteht die bekannte Trockenvorrichtung aus zwei Kesseln, in denen die beiden Vorgänge alternierend ablaufen. Beide Kessel werden über Umschaltventile erst an die Befeuchtungs- und Aufheizvorrichtung, dann an die Vakuum- und Trockenvorrichtung angeschlossen. Auf diese Weise können mit einer einzigen maschinellen Ausstattung: Erhitzer, Gebläse und Evakuierungsvorrichtung samt Kondensator zwei Trocknungsvorgänge in zwei Kesseln gleichzeitig gefahren werden, da immer dann, wenn Gebläse und Erhitzer im Kreislauf des ersten Kessels liegen, der andere Kessel an die Evakuierungsvorrichtung angeschlossen ist.Since heating and vacuum drying are carried out alternately, as mentioned, the known drying device consists of two boilers in which the two processes take place alternately. Both boilers are first connected to the humidification and heating device, then to the vacuum and drying device via changeover valves. In this way, two drying processes can be carried out simultaneously in two boilers with a single machine: heater, blower and evacuation device including condenser, since whenever the blower and heater are in the circuit of the first boiler, the other boiler is connected to the evacuation device.

In der Praxis hat sich nun herausgestellt, daß der Trocknungsvorgang unter Vakuum relativ schnell zu einem gewissen Stillstand kommt. Dies ist dann der Fall, wenn die an der Oberfläche der aufgespulten Fasern und Garne sich befindende Feuchtigkeit verdampft ist. Die in den tieferen Schichten gespeicherte Feuchtigkeit verdampft zwar infolge der Siedepunktherabsetzung, jedoch kann der Dampf nur langsam durch die darüber liegenden Schichten hindurchdiffundieren. Die Versuche haben gezeigt, daß der Trocknungsvorgang schon nach einem Sechstel der gesamten zur Verfügung stehenden Zykluszeit den beschriebenen Stillstand erreicht.In practice, it has now been found that the drying process under vacuum comes to a certain standstill relatively quickly. This is the case when the moisture on the surface of the wound fibers and yarns has evaporated. The moisture stored in the deeper layers evaporates due to the lowering of the boiling point, but the steam can only diffuse slowly through the layers above. The experiments have shown that the drying process reaches the described standstill after only one sixth of the total available cycle time.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs beschriebene Verfahren dahingehend zu verbessern, daß auch die in den tieferen Schichten der Garne oder Fasern gespeicherte Feuchtigkeit schneller abgeführt werden kann, so daß der Trocknungsvorgang insgesamt verkürzt wird.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve the method described at the outset in such a way that the moisture stored in the deeper layers of the yarns or fibers can also be removed more rapidly, so that the drying process is shortened overall.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß während des ersten Verfahrensschrittes im Zuge der fortschreitenden Trocknung der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Gases entsprechend dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Fasern oder Garne reduziert wird, daß die Dauer des zweiten Verfahrensschrittes gegenüber der Dauer des ersten Verfahrensschrittes verkürzt wird und daß in einem dritten Verfahrensschritt bei einem Zwischendruck im Kessel (1, 1a) die Restfeuchte mit einer warmen trockenen Gasströmung an die Oberfläche der Fasern oder Garne (2, 2a) transportiert wird.This object is achieved in that during the course of the progressive drying, the moisture content of the gas is reduced in accordance with the moisture content of the fibers or yarns during the first process step, that the duration of the second process step is shortened compared to the duration of the first process step and that in a third process step at an intermediate pressure in the boiler (1, 1a) the residual moisture is transported to the surface of the fibers or yarns (2, 2a) with a warm dry gas flow.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung kann die warme, trockene Gasströmung intermittierend zugeführt werden. Dies ist besonders dann von Vorteil, wenn die Leistung der Vakuumpumpe begrenzt ist.According to an advantageous development, the warm, dry gas flow can be supplied intermittently. This is particularly advantageous if the performance of the vacuum pump is limited.

Der wesentliche Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin begründet, daß die in den tieferen Schichten der Garne oder Fasern gespeicherte Feuchtigkeit nicht mehr nur aufgrund der Diffusion an die Oberfläche gelangt, sondern mit Hilfe der Gasströmung nach außen gefördert wird, wobei jedoch gleichzeitig die Vorteile der Vakuumtrocknung, nämlich die Verringerung des Siedepunktes und die dadurch bedingte Schonung des Materials, erhalten bleiben.The main advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that the moisture stored in the deeper layers of the yarns or fibers no longer reaches the surface only due to the diffusion, but is conveyed to the outside with the help of the gas flow, but at the same time the advantages of vacuum drying , namely the reduction of the boiling point and the resulting protection of the material, are retained.

Wenn gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Summe der Dauer von zweitem und drittem Verfahrensschritt, die in dem jeweils einen Kessel ablaufen, etwa so lange gewählt wird wie die Dauer des ersten Verfahrensschrittes, der in dem jeweils anderen Kessel abläuft, ergibt sich durch die erhebliche Verringerung der bis zur völligen Trocknung der Fasern oder Garne erforderlichen Zyklen gleichzeitig eine Verringerung der gesamten Behandlungsdauer.If, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sum of the duration of the second and third process steps, which take place in each boiler, is chosen approximately as long as the duration of the first process step, which takes place in the other boiler, results from the considerable Reduction in the number of cycles required to completely dry the fibers or yarns while reducing the total Duration of treatment.

Unterstützt wird dies zusätzlich, wenn die Fasern oder Garne nach dem Einsetzen in die Kessel mittels vorgewärmter Luft mechanisch vorentwässert werden.This is additionally supported if the fibers or yarns are mechanically pre-dewatered by means of preheated air after being inserted into the boiler.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht wie schon erwähnt darin, eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, die ausgehend von der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 5 beschriebenen Vorrichtung einen einwandfreien, störungsfreien, zeitlich verkürzten Betriebsablauf ermöglicht, ohne kostspielige Zusatzaggregate zu benötigen.Another object of the present invention, as already mentioned, is to provide a device which, starting from the device described in the preamble of claim 5, enables a faultless, trouble-free, time-shortened operating sequence without the need for expensive additional units.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß das zwischen den Umschaltklappen eingesetzte Teil, bestehend aus Gebläse, Befeuchter und Erhitzer, zusätzlich einen Kühler und einen Wasserabscheider erhält, und daß parallel zu den Umschaltklappen ein steuerbarer Bypaß angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that the part used between the switching flaps, consisting of blower, humidifier and heater, additionally receives a cooler and a water separator, and that a controllable bypass is arranged parallel to the switching flaps.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung kann zur Unterstützung des Trockenvorgangs insbesondere unter Vakuum oder Vollvakuum ein Hochfrequenz-Erwärmer im Kessel angeordnet sein.According to an advantageous development, a high-frequency heater can be arranged in the boiler to support the drying process, in particular under vacuum or full vacuum.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der zur Ausführung des Verfahrens geeigneten Vorrichtung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung.The advantages of the method according to the invention and the device suitable for carrying out the method result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing.

In jedem der beiden Kessel 1, a ist Trocknungsgut beispielsweise in Form von Spulen 2, 2a eingesetzt. Die Kessel 1, 1a sind an Erwärmungskreisläufe 3, 3a sowie an Evakuierungsleitungen 12, 12a angeschlossen.Dried material is used in each of the two boilers 1, a, for example in the form of coils 2, 2a. The boilers 1, 1a are connected to heating circuits 3, 3a and to evacuation lines 12, 12a.

Die beiden Erwärmungskreisläufe 3, 3a sind über Umschaltklappen 13, 13a alternativ mit einem beiden gemeinsamen Teil mit Gebläse 4, Erhitzer 5, Druckluftquelle 8 und Befeuchter 18 zu verbinden. Zum Befeuchten des Trocknungsgases dient in aller Regel Sattdampf.The two heating circuits 3, 3a can alternatively be connected via switch flaps 13, 13a to a two common part with blower 4, heater 5, compressed air source 8 and humidifier 18. Saturated steam is generally used to humidify the drying gas.

Die Evakuierungsleitungen 12, 12a sind über Vakuumklappen 11, 11a mit einer Evakuierungsvorrichtung 16 mit vorgeschaltetem Kondensator 15 verbunden. Schließlich sind an den Kesseln 1, 1a Be- und Entlüftungsventile 10, 10a vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe der eingesetzten Umschaltorgane 14,14a kann eine Umschaltung dahingehend erfolgen, daß die Garnspulen 2, 2a bevorzugt an der Außenseite oder an der Innenseite getrocknet werden.The evacuation lines 12, 12a are connected via vacuum flaps 11, 11a to an evacuation device 16 with an upstream condenser 15. Finally, ventilation and venting valves 10, 10a are provided on the boilers 1, 1a. With the help of the switchover elements 14, 14a used, a switchover can take place such that the yarn packages 2, 2a are preferably dried on the outside or on the inside.

Parallel zu den oberen Umschaltklappen 13, 13a befinden sich steuerbare Bypaßleitungen 9, 9a. Mit Hilfe dieser Bypaßleitungen 9, 9a kann ein Teil der erhitzten Gasströmung aus dem Erwärmungskreislauf abgezweigt und dem momentan evakuierten Kessel 1a zugeführt werden.Controllable bypass lines 9, 9a are located parallel to the upper switching flaps 13, 13a. With the help of these bypass lines 9, 9a, part of the heated gas flow can be branched out of the heating circuit and fed to the currently evacuated boiler 1a.

Das erfindungsgemäße Trocknungsverfahren läuft unter Anwendung der dargestellten Vorrichtung folgendermaßen ab. Nach dem Einsetzen der aus der Färberei kommenden, nassen Garnspulen 2, 2a in die Kessel 1, 1a wird zunächst mechanisch mit Druckluft entwässert und anschließend mit feuchtem, warmem Gas aufgeheizt. Hierzu drückt das Gebläse 4 das Trocknungsgas, im allgemeinen Luft, durch den Erhitzer 5, wo es erwärmt und gegebenenfalls durch die Zuführung von Dampf im Befeuchter 18 befeuchtet wird. Dieses feuchte heiße Gas durchströmt in der dargestellten Stellung der Umschaltklappen 13, 13a den Kessel 1a und die Garnspule 2a in einem Kreislauf. Falls das Gas zu heiß oder zu stark mit Feuchtigkeit beladen sein sollte, kann es im Kühler 6 abgekühlt und das sich abscheidende Wasser am Wasserabscheider 7 abgenommen werden. Diese Abkühlung und Entfeuchtung des Trocknungsgases erfolgt entsprechend dem Trocknungsgrad der Fasern oder Garne 2, 2a.The drying process according to the invention proceeds as follows using the device shown. After the wet yarn packages 2, 2a coming from the dyeing plant have been inserted into the boilers 1, 1a, they are first mechanically dewatered with compressed air and then heated with moist, warm gas. For this purpose, the blower 4 pushes the drying gas, generally air, through the heater 5, where it is heated and optionally humidified by the supply of steam in the humidifier 18. This moist hot gas flows through the boiler 1a and the yarn spool 2a in a circuit in the position of the switching flaps 13, 13a shown. If the gas is too hot or too heavily loaded with moisture, it can be cooled in the cooler 6 and the water which separates out can be removed from the water separator 7. This cooling and dehumidification of the drying gas takes place in accordance with the degree of drying of the fibers or yarns 2, 2a.

Ein solcher Erwärmungszyklus dauert beispielsweise sechs Minuten. Er wird mit praktisch feuchtigkeitsgesättigter Luft von ca. 125°C durchgeführt, wenn z.B. gefärbte Baumwolle oder Polyester behandelt werden. Infolge der recht kurzen Zykluszeiten wird trotz der hohen Gastemperatur das Textilgut nur unschädliche Temperaturen, z.B. max 85° C, annehmen.Such a heating cycle takes six minutes, for example. It is carried out with practically moisture-saturated air at approx. 125 ° C, e.g. if dyed cotton or polyester can be treated. Due to the rather short cycle times, despite the high gas temperature, the textile goods only become harmless temperatures, e.g. max. 85 ° C.

Gleichzeitig befinden sich die Vakuumklappen 11, 11a in der dargestellten Stellung, d.h. der Kessel 1 ist auf Vakuum geschaltet.At the same time, the vacuum flaps 11, 11a are in the position shown, i.e. the boiler 1 is switched to vacuum.

Sobald der Erwärmungszyklus des rechten Kessels 1a beendet ist, werden die Umschaltklappen 13, 13a und die Vakuumklappen 11, 11a umgeschaltet, so daß jetzt die Garne 2 im linken Kessel 1 erhitzt und die Garne 2a im rechten Kessel 1a evakuiert und getrocknet werden.As soon as the heating cycle of the right boiler 1a has ended, the switching flaps 13, 13a and the vacuum flaps 11, 11a are switched over, so that the yarns 2 in the left boiler 1 are now heated and the yarns 2a in the right boiler 1a are evacuated and dried.

Wie schon erwähnt, hat es sich herausgestellt, daß der Trocknungsvorgang unter Vakuum nach relativ kurzer Zeit fast zum Stillstand kommt, beispielsweise nach etwa einer Minute. Dies ist dadurch bedingt, daß die an der Oberfläche der Garnspule 2 sich befindende Feuchtigkeit abgedampft und daß die in den tieferen Schichten der Garnspule 2 sich befindende Feuchtigkeit erst allmählich an die Oberfläche diffundieren muß. Um diesen Diffusionsvorgang zu beschleunigen, wird nach etwa einer Minute der Bypaß 9 geringfügig geöffnet. Hierdurch strömt ein Teil der warmen Luft in den Kessel 1, worauf sich dort ein Zwischendruck einstellt. Diese trockene warme Gasströmung strömt durch die Garnspule 2 und transportiert dabei die in den tieferen Schichten gespeicherte Feuchtigkeit an die Oberfläche, wo sie infolge der Siedepunktherabsetzung durch die Druckreduzierung verdampft und über die Leitung 12 in den Vakuumkondensator 15 transportiert wird. Die Strömungsrichtung durch die Garnspulen 2, 2a kann mit den Umschaltorganen 14, 14a eingestellt werden, wobei überwiegend die Strömung von außen nach innen gerichtet ist.As already mentioned, it has been found that the drying process under vacuum comes to a standstill after a relatively short time, for example after about a minute. This is due to the fact that the moisture present on the surface of the yarn package 2 evaporates and that the moisture present in the deeper layers of the yarn package 2 only has to diffuse to the surface gradually. In order to accelerate this diffusion process, the bypass 9 is opened slightly after about one minute. As a result, part of the warm air flows into the boiler 1, whereupon an intermediate pressure is established there. This dry, warm gas flow flows through the yarn spool 2 and thereby transports the moisture stored in the deeper layers to the surface, where it evaporates as a result of the lowering of the boiling point due to the pressure reduction and is transported via the line 12 into the vacuum condenser 15. The direction of flow through the yarn bobbins 2, 2a can be set with the changeover elements 14, 14a, the flow predominantly being directed from the outside inwards.

Falls die Vakuumpumpe 16 eine hohe Leistungsfähigkeit besitzt, kann der Bypaß 9, 9a während des dritten Verfahrensschrittes ständig offen bleiben. Besitzt die Vakuumpumpe 16 jedoch nur eine relativ geringe Leistungsfähigkeit, empfiehlt es sich, den Bypaß 9 abwechselnd zu öffnen und zu schließen, damit der Druck im Kessel 1, 1a immer wieder auf den gewünschten Zwischenwert absinkt.If the vacuum pump 16 has a high performance, the bypass 9, 9a can remain open during the third process step. If the vacuum pump 16 has only a relatively low performance, it is advisable to bypass 9 to open and close alternately so that the pressure in the boiler 1, 1a drops again and again to the desired intermediate value.

Zur Unterstützung der Trocknung, insbesondere während des zweiten und dritten Verfahrensschrittes, kann in den Kesseln 1, 1a a eine Hochfrequenz-Trocknungseinrichtung 17, 17a angeordnet werden.A high-frequency drying device 17, 17a can be arranged in the boilers 1, 1a a to support the drying, in particular during the second and third method step.

Die Anordnung des Kühlers 6 und des Wasserabscheiders 7 bringt noch einen weiteren Vorteil mit sich. Es ist beispielsweise möglich, Kühlwasser, das dem Vakuumkondensator 15 mit ca. 10° C zugeführt wird und diesen mit ca. 35° C verläßt, unmittelbar dem Kühler 6 zuzuführen, um das Trocknungs- und Erwärmungsgas abzukühlen und zu entfeuchten. Am Ausgang des Kühlers 6 kann dieses Wasser mit einer Temperatur von ca. 600 C abgenommen werden. Dieses aufgeheizte Wasser kann dann als Prozeßwasser, beispielsweise in einer angeschlossenen Färberei, verwendet werden.The arrangement of the cooler 6 and the water separator 7 has yet another advantage. It is possible, for example, to supply cooling water which is supplied to the vacuum condenser 15 at approximately 10 ° C. and leaves it at approximately 35 ° C. directly to the cooler 6 in order to cool and dehumidify the drying and heating gas. At the exit of the cooler 6, this water can be removed at a temperature of about 60 0 C. This heated water can then be used as process water, for example in a connected dyeing plant.

Claims (6)

1. A process for drying fibre or yarn packages (2, 2a) in two vessels (1, 1 a) to be used alternately for the same treatment operation, wherein the fibres or yarns (2, 2a), in a first process step, are heated with an almost moisture-saturated hot gas acting as heat carrier and, in a second process step, are dried under vacuum, and these process steps are repeated alternately in both vessels (1, 1a) until drying has ended, characterised in that during the first process step in the course of continuing drying the moisture content of the gas is reduced in accordance with the moisture content of the fibres or yarns (2, 2a), in that the duration of the second process step is shorter than the duration of the first process step, and in that in a third process step, with an intermediate pressure in the vessel (1, 1a), the residual moisture is conveyed by a warm dry gas flow to the surface of the fibres or yarns (2, 2a).
2. A process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the warm dry gas flow is supplied intermittently during the third process step.
3. A process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the duration of the first process step is adjusted to be of equal duration to the sum of the second and third process steps.
4. A process according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that after being inserted into the vessels (1, 1a) the fibres or yarns (2, 2a) are mechanically dewatered by means of preheated compressed air.
5. Apparatus for drying fibres or yarns according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, comprising two vessels (1, 1 a) which are to be used alternately for the same treatment operation and which are connected by ducts (12, 12a) in parallel via vacuum valves (11, 11a) and a single condenser (15) to a common evacuation device (16), wherein the drying medium circuits (3, 3a) of the vessels (1, 1 a) have a common portion, connected to both circuits (3, 3a) and interposed between change-over valves (13,13a), comprising a blower (4), a humidifier (18) and a heater (5), characterised in that the common portion interposed between the change-over valves (13, 13a) additionally includes a cooler (6) and a water separator (7), and in that a controllable by-pass (9, 9a) is disposed in parallel with the change-over valves (13, 13a).
6. Apparatus according to Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that high-frequency heaters (17, 17a) are additionally provided in the vessels (1, 1a).
EP83110084A 1983-10-08 1983-10-08 Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages Expired EP0137067B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83110084A EP0137067B1 (en) 1983-10-08 1983-10-08 Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages
DE8383110084T DE3371244D1 (en) 1983-10-08 1983-10-08 Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages
US06/658,196 US4590683A (en) 1983-10-08 1984-10-05 Method of and apparatus for drying wound fiber or yarn

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83110084A EP0137067B1 (en) 1983-10-08 1983-10-08 Process and apparatus for drying yarn or fibre packages

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EP0137067A1 EP0137067A1 (en) 1985-04-17
EP0137067B1 true EP0137067B1 (en) 1987-04-29

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DE (1) DE3371244D1 (en)

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JPH05317828A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-12-03 Yoshida Kogyo Kk <Ykk> Treatment of band-shaped object and its device
US5410788A (en) * 1992-11-10 1995-05-02 Tns Mills, Inc. Yarn conditioning process & apparatus
US5269052A (en) * 1992-11-10 1993-12-14 Tns Mills, Inc. Yarn conditioning process
US5428884A (en) * 1992-11-10 1995-07-04 Tns Mills, Inc. Yarn conditioning process
US5459990A (en) * 1993-10-14 1995-10-24 Tns Mills, Inc. Facility and method for producing yarn
US5791135A (en) * 1996-06-20 1998-08-11 American & Efird, Inc. Heat treatment of textile strands prior to plying
US6094840A (en) * 1997-11-06 2000-08-01 Xorella Ag Method for the heat treatment of textiles
JP2001011738A (en) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-16 Tsuzuki Boseki Kk Compression of sliver, and device therefor
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DE102008014961A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Then Maschinen Gmbh Process for treating textile goods in the packing and plug-on system
JP4888575B2 (en) * 2010-02-17 2012-02-29 日産自動車株式会社 Drying apparatus and drying method

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EP0137067A1 (en) 1985-04-17
US4590683A (en) 1986-05-27
DE3371244D1 (en) 1987-06-04

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