EP0135519B1 - Chipper - Google Patents

Chipper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0135519B1
EP0135519B1 EP19840900619 EP84900619A EP0135519B1 EP 0135519 B1 EP0135519 B1 EP 0135519B1 EP 19840900619 EP19840900619 EP 19840900619 EP 84900619 A EP84900619 A EP 84900619A EP 0135519 B1 EP0135519 B1 EP 0135519B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
disc
chipper
chipping
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840900619
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0135519A1 (en
Inventor
Martti Vuollet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84900619T priority Critical patent/ATE29980T1/de
Publication of EP0135519A1 publication Critical patent/EP0135519A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0135519B1 publication Critical patent/EP0135519B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a chipper for the chipping of wood.
  • the chipper in accordance with the invention is suitable for chipping of slender trees.
  • Such slender trees are harvested in connection of thinning and cleaning of forests, and such wood is usually of small dimensions to be used for any other purpose except for firewood. This is why it is preferable that the wood material is recovered as completely as possible, i.e. including the twigs, leaves, and needles.
  • Lath chippers are, however, not very well suitable for the said purpose, for the construction of their chipping member usually requires forced feeding of the lumber to be chipped. Separate forced-feeding devices make the chipper unnecessarily heavy for cross-country conditions, e.g., for operation by means of an ordinary agricultural tractor.
  • the chipping member of these chippers has been planned for chipping of raw-material suitable for pulp mills, i.e. of chips of relatively little dimensions.
  • the chips of the said sort are not very well suitable, e.g., for grate boilers, because the small- size chips are packed on the grate as a dense heap, through which the combustion air cannot penetrate to a sufficient extent.
  • the chipper member consists of a cutter blade as screw-shaped surrounding the shaft that receives the operating power, the perpendicular distance of the said blade from the shaft increasing in the direction of feed of the wood.
  • the cutter blade forms a spiral cone expanding in the direction of feed of the wood, the sharpened outer edge of the said spiral cutting through the wood by pressing it against a guide formed into the feed trough.
  • a chipper By means of the chipper construction in accordance with the present invention, a chipper has been provided which is particularly well suitable for the chipping of slender trees, in which the automatic feed of the wood is highly efficient, in which the trees have a steady behaviour throughout the entire cutting process, and by means of which the chipping can be achieved with a lower power requirement as compared with the prior-art chippers.
  • the chipper in accordance with the invention comprises feeding members, such as a trough for feeding the wood to be chipped, a chipping member supported and rotated by a shaft receiving the operating power, as well as, preferably, members for the removal of the chips, such as a blower supported and driven by the said shaft, as well as an exhaust tube, and in which chipper the chipping member consists of a chipping blade or blades, is characterized in that a blade disc is mounted perpendicularly and centrally on the shaft, and in that the chipping blade consists of at least one continuous blade projecting substantially perpendicularly from the plane of the blade disc in the direction of the shaft, that the blade approaches the centre of the disc from the circumference of the disc as spiral-shaped in the direction opposite to the rotation direction in use of the disc, and that the perpendicular distance of the edge of the blade from the plane of the disc increases as the blade approaches the central area of the disc, whereby the edge forms a cutting edge.
  • feeding members such as a trough for feeding the
  • the chipper shown in Figure 1 is in itself known, i.e. it comprises a tube-shaped or trough-shaped feeding member 1 for feeding the wood to be chipped, a chipping chamber, in which the chipping member 3 supported by the driven shaft 2 performs the chipping of the wood fed in as well as feeds the wood further to the chip-removing members.
  • the removing members preferably consist of a blower unit 4 supported and driven by the same shaft 2 as well as of an exhaust tube 5 guiding the out-coming chip flow.
  • the chipping member 3 consists of a blade disc 6, which is mounted on the drive shaft 2 centrally and perpendicularly to the shaft.
  • the blade 7 that performs the cutting is formed as a spiral mounted on the blade disc, at which spiral the edge projecting from the blade disc is sharpened as a cutting edge 7'.
  • the blade spiral projects as substantially perpendicular from the face of the blade disc, i.e. as substantially parallel to the drive shaft 2.
  • the blade spiral 7 starts from the circumference of the blade disc and approaches the centre of the blade disc as spiral-shaped, preferably to a distance that is about 1/4 of the diameter of the blade disc.
  • the cutting edge of the blade spiral becomes more distant from the face of the blade disc as screw-shaped to a distance corresponding to a full cutting stroke, i.e. to a distance at which the cutting edge meets the wall plane of the feed trough.
  • the length of the blade spiral and, at the same time, also the thread-shaped pitch of its cutting edge have been selected so that the blade performs a full cutting stroke during about H revolutions of the blade disc. Thereby, the blade starts a new cutting operation before the preceding cutting operation has been completed, which stabilizes the cutting process and ensures continuous and undisturbed feed of the wood.
  • the masses of the blade have also become dynamically substantially balanced.
  • a starting edge 7" of steeper pitch is formed at the beginning of the steel spiral, which starting edge begins the cutting of the log by striking a starting cut into it, into which said starting cut the blade edge 7' proper then cuts in.
  • the dynamic balance of the blade device must, of course, also be taken into account, for the machine will revolve at quite a high speed of revolution, which, as attached directly to the power takeoff of a tractor, will be about 540 rpm.
  • the feed trough with a curved counter-blade groove 8, in which the final edge of the cutting blade 7 runs to produce a shear-like finishing cutting for each cutting cycle.
  • the said counter-blade groove preferably extends across the entire feed trough, as is shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 5 also shows the grooves 9 formed in the feeding direction in the side wall of the end portion 1' of the trough 1 at the side of the final cutting counter-blade 8, the objective of the said grooves being to guide the trees to be chipped so that they should not be turning at the final stage of the chipping.
  • the said grooves may, of course, be replaced by corresponding ribs.
  • the chipper in accordance with the invention operates very smoothly, i.e. the feeding of the wood into the chipper takes place at a uniform speed and efficiently, without any tendency of the trees to toss around at any stage of chipping.
  • the power requirement with a chipper in accordance with the invention when chipping a tree of equal thickness, is lower than when prior-art chippers are used. It can be considered that the favourable effects mentioned above are derived from the favourable cutting operation of the chipping member used in the chipper in accordance with the invention.
  • the low consumption of power and the efficient feed are obviously mainly caused by the form of the blade.
  • the blade When the chipping member bites, in accordance with the pitch of the screw line of the cutting edge, transversely into the wood, the blade becomes more progressively steeply curved, as the spiral becomes narrower in the longitudinal direction of the wood, whereby the blade presses the chip piece being cut apart in the transverse direction by means of the steepening inner portion of the blade in the feeding direction of the wood, which results in an increasing force component in the longitudinal direction of the wood in the direction cleaving the chip particle apart.
  • the said longitudinal power component essentially contributes to the detaching of the chip particle, whereby the distance of cutting of the blade edge into the wood at each particular time remains short, as a result of which there is also a low rubbing-friction effect.
  • this power components acts in the feeding direction of the wood and aids in the feeding of the wood, without any counter-component opposing this power component occurring in the cutting process, since the outer edge of the blade becomes constantly more distant from the corresponding edge of the cutting groove and consequently does not cause a rubbing resistance against this edge.
  • Another essential factor that contributes to the steady behaviour of the wood in the chipper is the fact that the cutting blade is atangentto the log ata a small angle, which corresponds to the pitch angle of the screw line of the cutting edge, and not to the curve radius of the screw, as is the case in a prior-art spiral chipper.
  • chipper in accordance with the present invention is essentially more advantageous in respect of the strength and the manufacture of the chipping member.
  • two blades may be mounted on the blade disc, angularly displaced the one from the other. This gives better possibilities for making the choice between the desired chip size and the diameter of the blade disc of the chipper.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
EP19840900619 1983-01-21 1984-01-23 Chipper Expired EP0135519B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84900619T ATE29980T1 (de) 1983-01-21 1984-01-23 Zerkleinerer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI830202 1983-01-21
FI830202A FI69981C (fi) 1983-01-21 1983-01-21 Hugg

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0135519A1 EP0135519A1 (en) 1985-04-03
EP0135519B1 true EP0135519B1 (en) 1987-09-30

Family

ID=8516632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840900619 Expired EP0135519B1 (en) 1983-01-21 1984-01-23 Chipper

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0135519B1 (fi)
DE (1) DE3466488D1 (fi)
FI (1) FI69981C (fi)
WO (1) WO1984002871A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI74645C (fi) * 1986-05-02 1988-03-10 Martti Vuollet Flishugg.
DE19607558C1 (de) * 1996-02-29 1997-05-28 Manfred Berthold Vorrichtung zum Ablängen von Holz
AT2146U1 (de) * 1997-07-18 1998-05-25 Holzindustrie Preding Ges M B Blockformungsmaschine
DE19853496C1 (de) * 1998-11-19 2000-08-03 Hubert Fritz Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Spänen
FI116208B (fi) 2003-03-21 2005-10-14 Kauko Rautio Teräpää
IT1393299B1 (it) * 2009-03-23 2012-04-20 Naldoni Macchina per la produzione di tronchetti di legno.

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2889859A (en) * 1956-12-11 1959-06-09 Donald L Johnson Method and means for cutting a flat surface on wood by producing wood flakes from the material as removed
DE1207205B (de) * 1958-11-28 1965-12-16 Grubbens & Co Aktiebolag Stoffloeser, z. B. fuer Faserstoffe von zellulosehaltigen Produkten od. dgl.
SE339389B (fi) * 1968-12-20 1971-10-04 Kockum Soederhamn Ab
US4053004A (en) * 1975-05-12 1977-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Helical head comminuting shear
SE425953B (sv) * 1979-03-27 1982-11-29 Berggren Torsten L Maskin for framstellning av span ur flis
FI791491A (fi) * 1979-05-10 1980-11-11 Kopo Konepohja Oy Traebitshugg
DE3027044C2 (de) * 1980-07-17 1982-12-16 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Rotor für einen Stofflöser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3466488D1 (en) 1987-11-05
FI830202L (fi) 1984-07-22
FI69981C (fi) 1986-09-12
EP0135519A1 (en) 1985-04-03
WO1984002871A1 (en) 1984-08-02
FI830202A0 (fi) 1983-01-21
FI69981B (fi) 1986-01-31

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