EP0130465B1 - Torque applying tool - Google Patents

Torque applying tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130465B1
EP0130465B1 EP84107023A EP84107023A EP0130465B1 EP 0130465 B1 EP0130465 B1 EP 0130465B1 EP 84107023 A EP84107023 A EP 84107023A EP 84107023 A EP84107023 A EP 84107023A EP 0130465 B1 EP0130465 B1 EP 0130465B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arm
rotary head
pivot point
cylinder housing
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84107023A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0130465A1 (en
Inventor
Paul-Heinz Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84107023T priority Critical patent/ATE27238T1/en
Publication of EP0130465A1 publication Critical patent/EP0130465A1/en
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Publication of EP0130465B1 publication Critical patent/EP0130465B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0078Reaction arms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/004Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type
    • B25B21/005Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type driven by a radially acting hydraulic or pneumatic piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turning tool with a rotary head that can be attached to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder, the piston of which is connected to a first articulation point of the rotary head via an articulated device, an arm supported on the cylinder housing of the hydraulic cylinder, which arm has a - in relation to the axis of the rotary head - is arranged at an angular distance from the first articulation point second joint with a second articulation point of the rotary head, and with a support member for supporting the cylinder housing against a fixed abutment.
  • a known turning tool of this type (DE-B-26 54 466) is used for turning screws.
  • This turning tool has a turning head that can be attached to the head of the screw to be turned.
  • the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder acts on the rotary head via a first joint.
  • An arm engages a second joint of the rotary head, the rear end of which is connected in an articulated manner to the cylinder housing of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the hydraulic cylinder has an oscillating support member for supporting against a stationary abutment and for deriving the reaction force generated during screwing.
  • the known turning tool has the advantage that the rotating head does not have to be mounted in a housing which in turn is firmly connected to the hydraulic cylinder or a housing enclosing the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the turret requires no storage and no housing and is only held by the piston rod and arm with respect to the hydraulic cylinder.
  • a disadvantage is that the arm, which is articulated at one end to the rotary head and articulated at the other end to the cylinder housing, cannot guide the cylinder housing during the screwing movement, so that the guidance of the cylinder housing must be taken over exclusively by the piston .
  • a turning tool for tightening and loosening screws (DE-A-29 16 497), in which the cylinder housing has a further housing part in which the rotating head is mounted.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is articulated at one end to the piston and articulated at its other end to the rotary head.
  • this turning tool has a large weight and a complex construction because of the additional housing part that supports the rotary head.
  • the known turning tools are defined in their spatial dimensions and in particular in their shape, so that it is not possible to vary them for different applications.
  • a turning tool often has to be placed in places where space is limited. As a result, the use of turning tools is subject to severe restrictions.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a turning tool of the type mentioned, which does not require a housing part surrounding the rotary head, and allows adaptation to different requirements.
  • the arm which is connected to the rotary head via the second joint, is rigidly attached to the cylinder housing.
  • the position of the second joint with respect to the cylinder housing is fixed, although pivoting of the arm together with the cylinder housing around the axis of the second joint is possible.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is not blocked or jammed when performing a lifting movement, its piston is connected to the pivot point of the rotary head in such a way that the pivot point does not always have to lie on the axis of the cylinder.
  • the arm is to be fastened to the cylinder housing in different positions in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the turning tool according to the second variant in which the arm articulated to the turning head is fixedly attached to the housing of the hydraulic cylinder, can also be advantageously adapted to different requirements.
  • a plurality of arms are provided which differ in terms of the arrangement of the second joint in relation to the cylinder housing and which are to be attached to the cylinder housing in an interchangeable manner. This makes it possible, depending on the respective spatial conditions in the vicinity of the workpiece to be rotated and depending on the required torque in conjunction with a single hydraulic cylinder, which is the basic device, to use one of a plurality of selectable arms.
  • a plurality of rotary heads are provided, which differ from one another by different arrangements of the articulation points of the first and the second joint.
  • This also gives the advantage of versatility, with the possibility of Hydraulic cylinder, which forms the basic unit, to be connected to different rotary heads.
  • Hydraulic cylinder which forms the basic unit
  • a lever arm is to be attached to fastening points of the turning head, on which the articulation device and the arm articulate at different distances from the axis of the turning head.
  • the rotary head can also be equipped with the lever arm, which in turn acts on the piston rod and the arm of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the lever arm protruding from the rotary head extends over a small circumferential angle of the rotary head.
  • the arm and the piston rod engage the lever arm at a greater radial distance from the rotary head, so that, in particular, the arm attached to the hydraulic cylinder does not reach the area of the disturbing obstacles.
  • the turning tool according to the invention is particularly suitable as a power screwdriver for tightening and loosening screws, but it can also be used, for example, for turning pipes.
  • the turret has a hexagon opening, which can be placed on a screw head in order to turn it.
  • the rotary head can also have, for example, a square opening into which the square shaft of a key nut is inserted, or a spline toothing.
  • the rotary head consists of a simple ring which has a non-circular opening, the rotary head must be moved on the screw head after each stroke of the hydraulic cylinder before the next stroke can be carried out.
  • the rotary head can have a ring which can be connected to the tool in a rotationally fixed manner, which is mounted in an outer ring and is carried by the outer ring in one direction of rotation via a ratchet element, while the outer ring is in the other direction of rotation empty, ie without taking the inner ring, turns back.
  • the piston rod and the arm engage on the outer ring, so that the continuous operation of the hydraulic cylinder periodically rotates the outer ring back and forth, with the inner ring being carried over the ratchet element only in one direction of rotation.
  • the arm is connected to the cylinder housing by two removable axes.
  • This type of connection enables easy replacement of the arm on the cylinder housing.
  • other detachable connection types can also be selected, e.g. an additional housing which can be plugged onto the cylinder housing and to which the arm is fixedly attached, or a guide rail which carries the arm and which cooperates with a corresponding counter rail of the cylinder housing.
  • the in Figs. 1 and 2 has a hydraulic cylinder 10 with a piston 12 movable within the cylinder housing 11.
  • a tubular extension 13 is attached to the piston 12, which extends through a sealed opening on an end face of the cylinder housing 11 and in which the piston rod 14 extends.
  • the outer end of the piston rod 14 is connected to the rotary head 16 via the first joint 15.
  • channels 18 and 19, which begin in the rear end wall 20 and from which the channel 18 opens into the rear cylinder chamber 21, while the channel 19 opens into the front cylinder chamber 22.
  • the connection point of the channel 18 is in the middle of the rear end wall 20, while the connection point of the channel 19 is arranged off-center, in the vicinity of a corner of the cylinder housing 11, which over its entire length Has hexagonal contour.
  • a (not shown) changeover valve one of the channels 18 and 19 is connected to a pressure line and the other channel to an unpressurized return line, so that the piston 12 can be periodically moved back and forth inside the cylinder chamber 21, 22.
  • the cylinder chamber 22 is closed at its front end by a wall 23 which has an opening for the passage of the extension 13 of the piston 12, this opening contains a seal 24 for sealing the passage of the tubular extension 13 through the front end wall 23 of the cylinder housing 11 .
  • Two pairs of parallel plates 25 and 26 protrude from the outside of the cylinder housing 11. There is a gap between the plates 25, which are arranged at the front end of the cylinder housing 11, and between the plates 26, which are arranged at the rear end of the cylinder housing 11, there is also a gap.
  • the plates 25 and 26 have transverse bores 27 for the passage of a bolt 28.
  • Each of the bolts 28 has a circumferential annular groove outside the plates 25 and 26, into which a locking ring 29 is inserted, in order to prevent the bolt 28 from sliding out of the bores 27 to secure.
  • the plate pairs 25 and 26 are used to fasten the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11.
  • the arm 30 consists of a flat iron which fits into the space between the front plates 25 and has a transverse bore 31 through which the front bolt 28 passes.
  • the rear end 32 of the arm 30 seated between the rear plates 26 has approximately half the thickness of this arm and also has a transverse bore 31 through which the bolt 28 passes.
  • the bolts 28 form removable axes for releasably attaching the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11.
  • the front section 33 is angled away from the longitudinal axis of the cylinder housing 11.
  • the front end of the section 33 is connected to the rotary head 16 via the second joint 34.
  • the rotary head 16 consists of a ring 35 which has a non-circular recess 36, in the present case a hexagonal recess, which can be placed on a screw head.
  • the two joints 15 and 34 are arranged at an angular distance from one another with respect to the axis of the rotary head 16.
  • the rotary head 16 is shown without a ratchet for reasons of simplicity, but it is expedient, as explained above, to be provided with a ratchet.
  • an oscillating support foot 37 is provided, which at its thinner end 38, which is placed together with the end 32 of the arm 30 between the plates 26, one Has transverse bore for inserting the bolt 28.
  • the support arm 37 can be pivoted around the bolt 38 and its free end is placed against the stationary abutment.
  • the arm 30 connected to the cylinder housing 11 pulls on the rotary head 16 via the second joint 34, which likewise generates a torque in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the cylinder housing 11 pivots around the second joint 34 (clockwise), while moving backward because the second joint 34 makes a corresponding movement .
  • the pendulum arm 37 attached to the cylinder housing 11 adapts to all pivoting and displacement movements of the cylinder housing 10 so that it is only stressed in its longitudinal direction (under pressure).
  • a pair of support rollers 39 is provided instead of the support arm 37, which are mounted on the elongated shaft 28 'outside the plates 26.
  • a spacer 40 is placed next to the thinner section 32 of the arm 30.
  • To support one of the rollers 39 is set with its peripheral surface against a stationary abutment, on which it rolls during the reciprocating movement of the piston.
  • the support is carried out in a low-friction swiveling or rolling movement, that is to say without any frictional surfaces pressed against one another, so that the support losses and the wear of the support member are low.
  • the arm 30 can be attached to the cylinder housing 11 in two different positions. This is possible in that, in addition to the cross bores 31, two further cross bores 31 'are provided which are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the arm with respect to the cross bores 31. If the arm is not fastened to the bolts 28 with the transverse bores 31, but rather with the transverse bores 31 ', the front section 33 of the arm 30 projects further forward, so that other transmission and movement conditions result. The arm 30 can also be turned over so that the shoulder 33 does not stand outward, but is directed obliquely to the axis of the cylinder 11. By different attachment of the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11 different device types can be realized.
  • holders 41 are fastened to the cylinder housing 11 instead of the plate pairs 25 or 26. These holders 41 are overlapped by the legs of the arm 30 ', which has a U-shaped cross section. The arm 30 'is in turn overlapped by the legs of the fork-shaped end of the support arm 37'. A bolt (not shown) is pushed through mutually aligned transverse bores in the holder 41 and the legs of the arm 30 'and the support arm 37'.
  • FIG. 5 Another type of fastening of the holder 30 "to the cylinder housing 11 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the cylinder housing 11 has two parallel L-shaped rails 42, the free legs of which face each other.
  • the arm 30" is inserted between the rails 42.
  • the arm 30 is locked by a screw 43 which passes through a threaded hole in the one rail 42 and engages in a blind hole in the arm 30".
  • the support arm 37 is mounted on an axis 44 of the arm 30". It protrudes through the gap between the two rails 42.
  • FIG. 6 shows the use of the same hydraulic cylinder 10 as in FIG. 1 in connection with another rotary head 16a and another arm 30a.
  • the articulation points for the first joint 15 and the second joint 34 are arranged closer to one another than in the case of the rotary head 16.
  • the arm 30a is rectilinear over its entire length.
  • the torque exerted by the hydraulic cylinder 10 on the rotary head 16a is lower than in the embodiment of FIG. 1, but a smaller clearance is required in the vicinity of the rotary head 16a, so that the Rotary head 16a with the arm 30a can also be used with screw heads in which the possibility of movement of the rotary head 16 of FIG. 1 is restricted by external obstacles.
  • a support roller 39 is shown which is attached to the bolt passing through the plates 26. Instead of the support roller 39, an oscillating support foot 37 could also be provided as in FIG. 1.
  • the same hydraulic cylinder 10 is again used in connection with the rotary head 16a and the arm 30a of FIG. 6 (or 30, FIG. 1), but the moment arm of the rotary head 16a is here by a triangular lever arm 45 extended, which is rigidly attached to the rotary head 16a and protrudes radially therefrom.
  • the lever arm 45 is fastened at the articulation points 47, 48, which form components of the first joint 15 and the second joint 34 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6.
  • These articulation points 47, 48 consist of bores which come to coincide with corresponding bores 49, 50 of the lever arm 45 and are locked with bolts (not shown).
  • the arm 45 has at its outer end a transverse bore 52 which is articulated to the end of the piston rod 14 to form the first joint 15.
  • the lever arm 45 is provided with a further transverse bore 51 which is articulated to form the second joint 34 with the front end of the arm 30a (or 30, Fig. 1).
  • the lever arm 45 is to a certain extent a radial extension of the rotary head 16a and the piston rod 14 and the arm 30a / 30 do not act directly on the rotary head 16a, but on the lever arm 45.
  • the torque exerted by the piston 12 on the rotary head 16a is relatively low, because when the piston rod 14 is extended out of the cylinder housing 11 and thus presses against the free end of the lever arm 45, the arm 30a is simultaneously attracted the lever arm 45.
  • the use of the lever arm 45, in which the joints 15 and 34 lie approximately on a common radius of the rotary head 16a is advantageous in some cases in which there are obstacles in the vicinity of the screw to be rotated, so that a Lever arm that is as narrow and long as possible is required if rotary movements are to be carried out on the screw head.
  • the length of the lever arm 45 changes the torque exerted on the screw head.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)

Abstract

1. Torque applying tool comprising a rotary head (16) adapted to be applied to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder (10) whose piston (12) is connected via a hinge means (14, 15, 17) to a first pivot point (15) of the rotary head (16), an arm (30) supported at the cylinder housing (11) of the hydraulic cylinder (10), and connected to a second pivot point of the rotary head (16) via a second hinge (34) which - with respect to the axis of the rotary head (16) - is provided at an angular distance to the first pivot point (15), and a supporting member (37) for supporting the cylinder housing against a stationary abutment, characterized in that the arm (30) is fixed rigidly and dismountably at the cylinder housing (11), that the hinge means (14, 15, 17) is so designed that it adapts itself to swivel movements of the first pivot point (15) relative to the cylinder axis, and that at least one further arm (30a) is provided which is distinguished from the first arm (30) by a different arrangement of the pivot point for the second hinge (34) with respect to the cylinder housing, and which is interchangeable against the first arm (30).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Drehwerkzeug mit einem an ein Werkstück ansetzbaren Drehkopf, einem Hydraulikzylinder, dessen Kolben über eine Gelenkvorrichtung mit einem ersten Anlenkpunkt des Drehkopfes verbunden ist, einem an dem Zylindergehäuse des Hydraulikzylinders abgestützten Arm, der über ein - bezogen auf die Achse des Drehkopfes - im Winkelabstand zum ersten Anlenkpunkt angeordnetes zweites Gelenk mit einem zweiten Anlenkpunkt des Drehkopfes verbunden ist, und mit einem Stützorgan zum Abstützen des Zylindergehäuses gegen ein ortsfestes Widerlager.The invention relates to a turning tool with a rotary head that can be attached to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder, the piston of which is connected to a first articulation point of the rotary head via an articulated device, an arm supported on the cylinder housing of the hydraulic cylinder, which arm has a - in relation to the axis of the rotary head - is arranged at an angular distance from the first articulation point second joint with a second articulation point of the rotary head, and with a support member for supporting the cylinder housing against a fixed abutment.

Ein bekanntes Drehwerkzeug dieser Art (DE-B-26 54 466) dient zum Drehen von Schrauben. Dieses Drehwerkzeug weist einen Drehkopf auf, der auf den Kopf der zu drehenden Schraube aufgesteckt werden kann. An dem Drehkopf greift über ein erstes Gelenk die Kolbenstange eines Hydraulikzylinders an. An einem zweiten Gelenk des Drehkopfes greift ein Arm an, dessen rückwärtiges Ende gelenkig mit dem Zylindergehäuse des Hydraulikzylinders verbunden ist. Der Hydraulikzylinder weist ein pendelndes Stützorgan zum Abstützen gegen ein ortsfestes Widerlager und zum Ableiten der beim Schrauben entstehenden Reaktionskraft auf. Das bekannte Drehwerkzeug hat den Vorteil, daß der Drehkopf nicht in einem Gehäuse gelagert sein muß, das seinerseits mit dem Hydraulikzylinder oder einem dem Hydraulikzylinder umschließenden Gehäuse fest verbunden ist. Der Drehkopf benötigt keine Lagerung und kein Gehäuse und er wird ausschließlich durch die Kolbenstange und durch den Arm in bezug auf den Hydraulikzylinder festgehalten. Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß der Arm, der an einem Ende gelenkig mit dem Drehkopf und an dem anderen Ende gelenkig mit dem Zylindergehäuse verbunden ist, das Zylindergehäuse bei der Schraubbewegung nicht führen kann, so daß die Führung des Zylindergehäuses ausschließlich von dem Kolben übernommen werden muß.A known turning tool of this type (DE-B-26 54 466) is used for turning screws. This turning tool has a turning head that can be attached to the head of the screw to be turned. The piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder acts on the rotary head via a first joint. An arm engages a second joint of the rotary head, the rear end of which is connected in an articulated manner to the cylinder housing of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder has an oscillating support member for supporting against a stationary abutment and for deriving the reaction force generated during screwing. The known turning tool has the advantage that the rotating head does not have to be mounted in a housing which in turn is firmly connected to the hydraulic cylinder or a housing enclosing the hydraulic cylinder. The turret requires no storage and no housing and is only held by the piston rod and arm with respect to the hydraulic cylinder. A disadvantage, however, is that the arm, which is articulated at one end to the rotary head and articulated at the other end to the cylinder housing, cannot guide the cylinder housing during the screwing movement, so that the guidance of the cylinder housing must be taken over exclusively by the piston .

Bekannt ist ferner ein Drehwerkzeug zum Festziehen und Lösen von Schrauben (DE-A-29 16 497), bei dem das Zylindergehäuse ein weiteres Gehäuseteil aufweist, in dem der Drehkopf gelagert ist. Die Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders ist an ihrem einen Ende gelenkig mit dem Kolben und an ihrem anderen Ende gelenkig mit dem Drehkopf verbunden. Dieses Drehwerkzeug hat aber wegen des zusätzlichen Gehäuseteiles, das den Drehkopf lagert, ein großes Gewicht und eine aufwendige Konstruktion.Also known is a turning tool for tightening and loosening screws (DE-A-29 16 497), in which the cylinder housing has a further housing part in which the rotating head is mounted. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is articulated at one end to the piston and articulated at its other end to the rotary head. However, this turning tool has a large weight and a complex construction because of the additional housing part that supports the rotary head.

Die bekannten Drehwerkzeuge sind in ihren räumlichen Abmessungen und insbesondere in ihrer Form festgelegt, so daß es nicht möglich ist, sie für unterschiedliche Anwendungen zu variieren. Ein Drehwerkzeug muß häufig an Stellen angesetzt werden, an denen die Platzverhältnisse beengt sind. Dadurch unterliegt der Einsatz der Drehwerkzeuge starken Beschränkungen.The known turning tools are defined in their spatial dimensions and in particular in their shape, so that it is not possible to vary them for different applications. A turning tool often has to be placed in places where space is limited. As a result, the use of turning tools is subject to severe restrictions.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Drehwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das ohne ein den Drehkopf umgebendes Gehäuseteil auskommt, und eine Anpassung an unterschiedliche Anforderungen erlaubt.The invention has for its object to provide a turning tool of the type mentioned, which does not require a housing part surrounding the rotary head, and allows adaptation to different requirements.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mit drei erfindungsgemäßen Varianten, deren Merkmale in den Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3 angegeben sind.This object is achieved with three variants according to the invention, the characteristics of which are specified in claims 1, 2 and 3.

Bei allen drei Varianten ist der Arm, der über das zweite Gelenk mit dem Drehkopf verbunden ist, starr an dem Zylindergehäuse befestigt. Hierdurch ist die Position des zweiten Gelenks in bezug auf das Zylindergehäuse fest, obwohl eine Verschwenkung des Armes zusammen mit dem Zylindergehäuse um die Achse des zweiten Gelenkes möglich ist. Damit der Hydraulikzylinder bei Durchführung einer Hubbewegung nicht blockiert oder verklemmt, ist sein Kolben mit dem Anlenkpunkt des Drehkopfes so verbunden, daß der Anlenkpunkt nicht immer auf der Achse des Zylinders liegen muß.In all three variants, the arm, which is connected to the rotary head via the second joint, is rigidly attached to the cylinder housing. As a result, the position of the second joint with respect to the cylinder housing is fixed, although pivoting of the arm together with the cylinder housing around the axis of the second joint is possible. So that the hydraulic cylinder is not blocked or jammed when performing a lifting movement, its piston is connected to the pivot point of the rotary head in such a way that the pivot point does not always have to lie on the axis of the cylinder.

Nach der ersten Variante der Erfindung ist der Arm in unterschiedlichen Positionen in Längsrichtung des Zylindergehäuses an diesem zu befestigen. Hierdurch ist eine Veränderung des Gerätes möglich, so daß das erfindungsgemäße Drehwerkzeug gewissermaßen mehrere Geräte in sich vereinigt. Für Anwendungen für die bisher unterschiedliche Gerätetypen eingesetzt werden mußten, kann nunmehr ein einziges Gerät benutzt werden, das durch Auswechseln des Armes bzw. durch Veränderungen der Position des Armes am Hydraulikzylinder verändert wird.According to the first variant of the invention, the arm is to be fastened to the cylinder housing in different positions in the longitudinal direction thereof. This makes it possible to change the device so that the turning tool according to the invention combines, as it were, several devices. For applications for which previously different types of device had to be used, a single device can now be used, which is changed by changing the arm or by changing the position of the arm on the hydraulic cylinder.

Auch das erfindungsgemäße Drehwerkzeug nach der zweiten Variante, bei dem der gelenkig mit dem Drehkopf verbundene Arm fest an dem Gehäuse des Hydraulikzylinders angebracht ist, kann in vorteilhafter Weise an unterschiedliche Anforderungen angepaßt werden. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind mehrere Arme vorgesehen, die sich durch unterschiedliche Anordnungen des zweiten Gelenks in bezug auf das Zylindergehäuse unterscheiden und die austauschbar an dem Zylindergehäuse zu befestigten sind. Hierdurch besteht die Möglichkeit, in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen räumlichen Verhältnissen in der Nähe des zu drehenden Werkstücks und in Abhängigkeit von dem benötigten Drehmoment in Verbindung mit einem einzigen Hydraulikzylinder, der das Grundgerät darstellt, einen von mehreren auswählbaren Armen zu benutzen.The turning tool according to the second variant, in which the arm articulated to the turning head is fixedly attached to the housing of the hydraulic cylinder, can also be advantageously adapted to different requirements. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of arms are provided which differ in terms of the arrangement of the second joint in relation to the cylinder housing and which are to be attached to the cylinder housing in an interchangeable manner. This makes it possible, depending on the respective spatial conditions in the vicinity of the workpiece to be rotated and depending on the required torque in conjunction with a single hydraulic cylinder, which is the basic device, to use one of a plurality of selectable arms.

Nach der dritten Variante der Erfindung sind mehrere Drehköpfe vorgesehen, die sich durch unterschiedliche Anordnungen der Anlenkpunkte des ersten und des zweiten Gelenks relativ zueinander unterscheiden. Auch hierdurch ist der Vorteil einer vielseitigen Verwendbarkeit gegeben, mit der Möglichkeit, den Hydraulikzylinder, der die Grundeinheit bildet, mit unterschiedlichen Drehköpfen zu verbinden. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine Art Bausatz, der einen einzigen Hydraulikzylinder sowie mehrere Drehköpfe und Arme aufweist, die untereinander kombiniert werden können.According to the third variant of the invention, a plurality of rotary heads are provided, which differ from one another by different arrangements of the articulation points of the first and the second joint. This also gives the advantage of versatility, with the possibility of Hydraulic cylinder, which forms the basic unit, to be connected to different rotary heads. This creates a kind of kit that has a single hydraulic cylinder and several rotary heads and arms that can be combined with each other.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit, das Drehwerkzeug für spezielle Anwendungen zu variieren, ergibt sich dadurch, daß an Befestigungspunkten des Drehkopfes ein Hebelarm zu befestigen ist, an dem die Gelenkvorrichtung und der Arm in unterschiedlichen Abständen von der Achse des Drehkopfes gelenkig angreifen. Hierbei kann der Drehkopf zusätzlich mit dem Hebelarm ausgestattet werden, an dem dann wiederum die Kolbenstange und der Arm des Hydraulikzylinders angreifen. Damit ist es möglich, Schraubenköpfe und andere Werkstücke zu drehen, in deren Nähe sich Hindernisse befinden. Der von dem Drehkopf abstehende Hebelarm erstreckt sich über einen geringen Umfangswinkel des Drehkopfes. Der Arm und die Kolbenstange greifen in größerem radialen Abstand von dem Drehkopf an dem Hebelarm an, so daß insbesondere der an dem Hydraulikzylinder befestigte Arm nicht in den Bereich der störenden Hindernisse gelangt.Another possibility to vary the turning tool for special applications results from the fact that a lever arm is to be attached to fastening points of the turning head, on which the articulation device and the arm articulate at different distances from the axis of the turning head. In this case, the rotary head can also be equipped with the lever arm, which in turn acts on the piston rod and the arm of the hydraulic cylinder. This makes it possible to turn screw heads and other workpieces in the vicinity of which there are obstacles. The lever arm protruding from the rotary head extends over a small circumferential angle of the rotary head. The arm and the piston rod engage the lever arm at a greater radial distance from the rotary head, so that, in particular, the arm attached to the hydraulic cylinder does not reach the area of the disturbing obstacles.

Das erfindungsgemäße Drehwerkzeug eignet sich insbesondere als Kraftschrauber zum Festziehen und Lösen von Schrauben, es kann aber auch beispielsweise zum Drehen von Rohren benutzt werden. Im einfachsten Fall weist der Drehkopf einen Sechskantöffnung auf, die auf einen Schraubenkopf aufgesetzt werden kann, um diesen zu drehen. Der Drehkopf kann aber auch beispielsweise eine Vierkantöffnung aufweisen, in die der Vierkantschaft einer Schlüsselnuß eingesteckt wird, oder eine Keilnutenverzahnung.The turning tool according to the invention is particularly suitable as a power screwdriver for tightening and loosening screws, but it can also be used, for example, for turning pipes. In the simplest case, the turret has a hexagon opening, which can be placed on a screw head in order to turn it. However, the rotary head can also have, for example, a square opening into which the square shaft of a key nut is inserted, or a spline toothing.

Wenn der Drehkopf aus einem einfachen Ring besteht, der eine unrunde Öffnung aufweist, muß nach jedem Hub des Hydraulikzylinders ein Umsetzen des Drehkopfes an dem Schraubenkopf erfolgen, bevor der nächste Hub ausgeführt werden kann. Um ein solches Umsetzen zu vermeiden, kann der Drehkopf einen mit dem Werkzeug drehfest verbindbaren Ring aufweisen, der in einem äußeren Ring gelagert ist und über ein Ratschenelement von dem äußeren Ring in der einen Drehrichtung mitgenommen wird, während sich der äußere Ring in der anderen Drehrichtung leer, d.h. ohne Mitnahme des inneren Ringes, zurückdreht. An dem äußeren Ring greifen die Kolbenstange und der Arm an, so daß bei kontinuierlichem Betrieb des Hydraulikzylinders der äußere Ring periodisch hin- und hergedreht wird, wobei der innere Ring über das Ratschenelement nur in der einen Drehrichtung mitgenommen wird.If the rotary head consists of a simple ring which has a non-circular opening, the rotary head must be moved on the screw head after each stroke of the hydraulic cylinder before the next stroke can be carried out. In order to avoid such a conversion, the rotary head can have a ring which can be connected to the tool in a rotationally fixed manner, which is mounted in an outer ring and is carried by the outer ring in one direction of rotation via a ratchet element, while the outer ring is in the other direction of rotation empty, ie without taking the inner ring, turns back. The piston rod and the arm engage on the outer ring, so that the continuous operation of the hydraulic cylinder periodically rotates the outer ring back and forth, with the inner ring being carried over the ratchet element only in one direction of rotation.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Arm durch zwei entfernbare Achsen mit dem Zylindergehäuse verbunden. Diese Verbindungsart ermöglicht ein einfaches Auswechseln des armes am Zylindergehäuse. Es können jedoch auch andere lösbare Verbindungsarten gewählt werden, z.B. ein auf das Zylindergehäuse aufsteckbares Zusatzgehäuse, an dem der Arm fest angebracht ist, oder eine den Arm tragende Führungsschiene, die mit einer entsprechenden Gegenschiene des Zylindergehäuses zusammenwirkt. Im einfachsten Fall ist es sogar möglich, den Arm lediglich durch Schrauben an dem Zylindergehäuse auswechselbar zu befestigen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the arm is connected to the cylinder housing by two removable axes. This type of connection enables easy replacement of the arm on the cylinder housing. However, other detachable connection types can also be selected, e.g. an additional housing which can be plugged onto the cylinder housing and to which the arm is fixedly attached, or a guide rail which carries the arm and which cooperates with a corresponding counter rail of the cylinder housing. In the simplest case, it is even possible to attach the arm to the cylinder housing in an exchangeable manner merely by means of screws.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Drehwerkzeugs,
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht des Drehwerkzeugs aus Richtung des Pfeiles II der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 2, wobei jedoch der an dem Zylindergehäuse angebrachte Stützfuß durch Rollen ersetzt ist,
  • Fign. 4 und 5 weitere Befestigungsmöglichkeiten des Armes an dem Zylindergehäuse,
  • Fig. 6 den Hydraulikzylinder der Fig. 1 in Verbindung mit einem anderen arm und einem anderen Drehkopf und
  • Fig. 7 den Bauteilsatz des Gerätes der Fig. 6 mit einem zusätzlichen Hebelarm, der an dem Drehkopf zu befestigen ist, um in der Nähe des zu drehenden Werkstücks einen Freiraum mit möglichst geringer Umfangserstreckung zu erhalten.
Show it:
  • 1 is a schematic representation of the turning tool,
  • 2 is a view of the turning tool from the direction of arrow II of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows the view according to FIG. 2, but with the support foot attached to the cylinder housing being replaced by rollers,
  • Fig. 4 and 5 further attachment options for the arm on the cylinder housing,
  • Fig. 6 shows the hydraulic cylinder of Fig. 1 in connection with another arm and a different turret and
  • 7 shows the component set of the device of FIG. 6 with an additional lever arm which is to be fastened to the rotary head in order to obtain a free space with the smallest possible circumferential extension in the vicinity of the workpiece to be rotated.

Das in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellte Drehwerkzeug weist einen Hydraulikzylinder 10 mit innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses 11 bewegbarem Kolben 12 auf. An dem Kolben 12 ist ein rohrförmiger Ansatz 13 befestigt, der sich durch eine abgedichtete Öffnung an einer Stirnseite des Zylindergehäuses 11 hindurcherstreckt und in welchem die Kolbenstange 14 verläuft. Das äußere Ende der Kolbenstange 14 ist über das erste Gelenk 15 mit dem Drehkopf 16 verbunden. Ein weiteres Gelenk 17, das im vorliegenden Falle als Kugelgelenk ausgebildet ist, verbindet das innere Ende der Kolbenstange 14 mit dem Ansatz 13 bzw. dem Kolben 12. Da der rohrförmige Ansatz 13 die Kolbenstange 14 mit radialem Abstand umgibt. kann die Kolbenstange 14 im Innern des Hohlraumes des Ansatzes 13 um das weitere Gelenk 17 herum verschwenkt werden.The in Figs. 1 and 2 has a hydraulic cylinder 10 with a piston 12 movable within the cylinder housing 11. A tubular extension 13 is attached to the piston 12, which extends through a sealed opening on an end face of the cylinder housing 11 and in which the piston rod 14 extends. The outer end of the piston rod 14 is connected to the rotary head 16 via the first joint 15. Another joint 17, which in the present case is designed as a ball joint, connects the inner end of the piston rod 14 to the shoulder 13 or the piston 12. Since the tubular shoulder 13 surrounds the piston rod 14 at a radial distance. the piston rod 14 can be pivoted in the interior of the cavity of the extension 13 around the further joint 17.

In der Wand des Zylindergehäuses 11 erstrecken sich Kanäle 18 und 19, die in der rückwärtigen Stirnwand 20 beginnen und von denen der Kanal 18 in den rückwärtigen Zylinderraum 21 mündet, während der Kanal 19 in den vorderen Zylinderraum 22 mündet. Wie aus Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, liegt die Anschlußstelle des Kanales 18 in der Mitte der rückwärtigen Stirnwand 20, während die Anschlußstelle des Kanals 19 außermittig angeordnet ist, und zwar in der Nähe einer Ecke des Zylindergehäuses 11, das über seine gesamte Länge eine Sechskantkontur aufweist. Über ein (nicht dargestelltes) Umschaltventil wird jeweils einer der Kanäle 18 und 19 an eine Druckleitung und der andere Kanal an eine drucklose Rücklaufleitung angeschlossen, so daß der Kolben 12 im Innern des Zylinderraumes 21, 22 periodisch hin- und herbewegt werden kann. Die Zylinderkammer 22 ist an ihrem vorderen Ende durch eine Wand 23 abgeschlossen, die eine Öffnung für den Durchtritt des Ansatzes 13 des Kolbens 12 aufweist, diese Öffnung enthält eine Dichtung 24 zur Abdichtung des Durchgangs des rohrförmigen Ansatzes 13 durch die vordere Stirnwand 23 des Zylindergehäuses 11.In the wall of the cylinder housing 11 extend channels 18 and 19, which begin in the rear end wall 20 and from which the channel 18 opens into the rear cylinder chamber 21, while the channel 19 opens into the front cylinder chamber 22. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the connection point of the channel 18 is in the middle of the rear end wall 20, while the connection point of the channel 19 is arranged off-center, in the vicinity of a corner of the cylinder housing 11, which over its entire length Has hexagonal contour. About a (not shown) changeover valve one of the channels 18 and 19 is connected to a pressure line and the other channel to an unpressurized return line, so that the piston 12 can be periodically moved back and forth inside the cylinder chamber 21, 22. The cylinder chamber 22 is closed at its front end by a wall 23 which has an opening for the passage of the extension 13 of the piston 12, this opening contains a seal 24 for sealing the passage of the tubular extension 13 through the front end wall 23 of the cylinder housing 11 .

Von der Außenseite des Zylindergehäuses 11 stehen zwei Paare paralleler Platten 25 und 26 ab. Zwischen den Platten 25, die am vorderen Ende des Zylindergehäuses 11 angeordnet sind, besteht ein Zwischenraum und zwischen den Platten 26, die am rückwärtigen Ende des Zylindergehäuses 11 angeordnet sind, besteht ebenfalls ein Zwischenraum. Die Platten 25 und 26 haben Querbohrungen 27 für den Durchtritt eines Bolzens 28. Jeder der Bolzen 28 weist außerhalb der Platten 25 bzw. 26 eine umlaufende Ringnut auf, in die ein Sicherungsring 29 eingesetzt ist, um den Bolzen 28 gegen Herausgleiten aus den Bohrungen 27 zu sichern.Two pairs of parallel plates 25 and 26 protrude from the outside of the cylinder housing 11. There is a gap between the plates 25, which are arranged at the front end of the cylinder housing 11, and between the plates 26, which are arranged at the rear end of the cylinder housing 11, there is also a gap. The plates 25 and 26 have transverse bores 27 for the passage of a bolt 28. Each of the bolts 28 has a circumferential annular groove outside the plates 25 and 26, into which a locking ring 29 is inserted, in order to prevent the bolt 28 from sliding out of the bores 27 to secure.

Die Plattenpaare 25 und 26 dienen zur Befestigung des Armes 30 an dem Zylindergehäuse 11. Der Arm 30 besteht aus einem Flacheisen, das in den Zwischenraum zwischen den vorderen Platten 25 hineinpaßt und dort eine Querbohrung 31 aufweist, durch die der vordere Bolzen 28 hindurchgeht. Das zwischen den rückwärtigen Platten 26 sitzende rückwärtige Ende 32 des Armes 30 hat etwa die halbe Stärke dieses Armes und weist ebenfalls eine Querbohrung 31 auf, durch die der Bolzen 28 hindurchgeht. Die Bolzen 28 bilden entfernbare Achsen zum lösbaren Anbringen des Armes 30 an dem Zylindergehäuse 11.The plate pairs 25 and 26 are used to fasten the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11. The arm 30 consists of a flat iron which fits into the space between the front plates 25 and has a transverse bore 31 through which the front bolt 28 passes. The rear end 32 of the arm 30 seated between the rear plates 26 has approximately half the thickness of this arm and also has a transverse bore 31 through which the bolt 28 passes. The bolts 28 form removable axes for releasably attaching the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11.

Während der mittlere und rückwärtige Abschnitt des Armes 30 parallel zu dem Zylindergehäuse 11 verlaufen, ist der vordere Abschnitt 33 von der Längsachse des Zylindergehäuses 11 fort abgewinkelt. Das vordere Ende des Abschnitts 33 ist über das zweite Gelenk 34 mit dem Drehkopf 16 verbunden.While the middle and rear section of the arm 30 run parallel to the cylinder housing 11, the front section 33 is angled away from the longitudinal axis of the cylinder housing 11. The front end of the section 33 is connected to the rotary head 16 via the second joint 34.

Der Drehkopf 16 besteht aus einem Ring 35, der eine unrunde Ausnehmung 36, im vorliegenden Fall eine Sechskantausnehmung, aufweist, die auf einen Schraubenkopf aufgesetzt werden kann. Die beiden Gelenke 15 und 34 sind - bezogen auf die Achse des Drehkopfes 16 - in einem Winkelabstand zueinander angeordnet. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Drehkopf 16 aus Gründen der Einfachheit ohne Ratsche dargestellt, er ist jedoch zweckmäßigerweise, wie oben erläutert, mit einer Ratsche versehen.The rotary head 16 consists of a ring 35 which has a non-circular recess 36, in the present case a hexagonal recess, which can be placed on a screw head. The two joints 15 and 34 are arranged at an angular distance from one another with respect to the axis of the rotary head 16. In the present exemplary embodiment, the rotary head 16 is shown without a ratchet for reasons of simplicity, but it is expedient, as explained above, to be provided with a ratchet.

Um die Reaktionskräfte von dem Zylindergehäuse 11 auf ein (nicht dargestelltes) ortsfestes Widerlager ableiten zu können, ist ein pendelnder Stützfuß 37 vorgesehen, der an seinem dünneren Ende 38, das zusammen mit dem Ende 32 des Armes 30 zwischen die Platten 26 gesetzt ist, eine Querbohrung zum Hindurchstecken des Bolzens 28 aufweist. Der Stützarm 37 kann um den Bolzen 38 herum verschwenkt werden und sein freies Ende wird gegen das ortsfeste Widerlager gesetzt. Beim Betrieb des Drehwerkzeugs wird die Zylinderkammer 21 mit Druck beaufschlagt, während die Zylinderkammer 22 drucklos ist. Hierdurch wird die Kolbenstange 14 aus dem Zylindergehäuse 11 herausgedrückt, wobei sie bestrebt ist, über das erste Gelenk 15 den Drehkopf 16 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn zu drehen. Gleichzeitig zieht der mit dem Zylindergehäuse 11 verbundene Arm 30 über das zweite Gelenk 34 an dem Drehkopf 16, was ebenfalls ein Drehmoment im Gegenuhrzeigersinn erzeugt. Wenn sich auf diese Weise der Schraubenkopf mit dem Drehkopf 16 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn dreht, führt das Zylindergehäuse 11 eine Schwenkbewegung um das zweite Gelenk 34 herum (im Uhrzeigersinn) aus, wobei es sich gleichzeitig nach hinten verschiebt, weil das zweite Gelenk 34 eine entsprechende Bewegung ausführt. Der pendelnd an dem Zylindergehäuse 11 angebrachte Stützarm 37 paßt sich allen Schwenk- und Verschiebebewegungen des Zylindergehäuses 10 an, so daß er ausschließlich in seiner Längsrichtung (auf Druck) beansprucht wird.In order to be able to derive the reaction forces from the cylinder housing 11 onto a stationary abutment (not shown), an oscillating support foot 37 is provided, which at its thinner end 38, which is placed together with the end 32 of the arm 30 between the plates 26, one Has transverse bore for inserting the bolt 28. The support arm 37 can be pivoted around the bolt 38 and its free end is placed against the stationary abutment. When the turning tool is in operation, the cylinder chamber 21 is pressurized, while the cylinder chamber 22 is depressurized. As a result, the piston rod 14 is pressed out of the cylinder housing 11, with the aim of rotating the rotary head 16 counterclockwise via the first joint 15. At the same time, the arm 30 connected to the cylinder housing 11 pulls on the rotary head 16 via the second joint 34, which likewise generates a torque in the counterclockwise direction. In this way, when the screw head rotates counterclockwise with the turret 16, the cylinder housing 11 pivots around the second joint 34 (clockwise), while moving backward because the second joint 34 makes a corresponding movement . The pendulum arm 37 attached to the cylinder housing 11 adapts to all pivoting and displacement movements of the cylinder housing 10 so that it is only stressed in its longitudinal direction (under pressure).

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 ist anstelle des Stützarmes 37 ein Stützrollenpaar 39 vorgesehen, die auf dem verlängerten Schaft 28' außerhalb der Platten 26 gelagert sind. Um den Raum zwischen den Platten 26 auszufüllen, ist neben den dünneren Abschnitt 32 des Armes 30 eine Abstandsscheibe 40 gesetzt. Zum Abstützen wird eine der Rollen 39 mit ihrer Umfangsfläche gegen ein ortsfestes Widerlager gesetzt, an dem sie während der Hin- und Herbewegung des Kolbens abrollt.In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a pair of support rollers 39 is provided instead of the support arm 37, which are mounted on the elongated shaft 28 'outside the plates 26. In order to fill the space between the plates 26, a spacer 40 is placed next to the thinner section 32 of the arm 30. To support one of the rollers 39 is set with its peripheral surface against a stationary abutment, on which it rolls during the reciprocating movement of the piston.

Sowohl bei der Verwendung eines pendelnden Stützfußes 37 als auch bei Verwendung Stützrollen 39 erfolgt die Abstützung in einer reibungsarmen Schwenk- oder Rollbewegung, also ohne gegeneinandergedrückte reibende Flächen, so daß die Abstützverluste und die Abnutzung des Stützorgans gering sind.Both when using an oscillating support foot 37 and when using support rollers 39, the support is carried out in a low-friction swiveling or rolling movement, that is to say without any frictional surfaces pressed against one another, so that the support losses and the wear of the support member are low.

Gemäß Fig. 1 kann der Arm 30 in zwei verschiedenen Stellungen an dem Zylindergehäuse 11 befestigt werden. Dies ist dadurch möglich, daß außer den Querbohrungen 31 zwei weitere Querbohrungen 31' vorgesehen sind, die in Längsrichtung des Armes gegenüber den Querbohrungen 31 versetzt angeordnet sind. Wenn der Arm nicht mit den Querbohrungen 31 an den Bolzen 28 befestigt wird, sondern mit den Querbohrungen 31', ragt der vordere Abschnitt 33 des Armes 30 noch weiter nach vorn, so daß sich andere Übertragungs- und Bewegungsverhältnisse ergeben. Der Arm 30 kann auch umgedreht werden, so daß der Absatz 33 nicht nach außen ahsteht, sondern schräg auf die Achse des Zylinders 11 gerichtet ist. Durch unterschiedliche Anbringung des Armes 30 am Zylindergehäuse 11 können unterschiedliche Gerätetypen realisiert werden.1, the arm 30 can be attached to the cylinder housing 11 in two different positions. This is possible in that, in addition to the cross bores 31, two further cross bores 31 'are provided which are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the arm with respect to the cross bores 31. If the arm is not fastened to the bolts 28 with the transverse bores 31, but rather with the transverse bores 31 ', the front section 33 of the arm 30 projects further forward, so that other transmission and movement conditions result. The arm 30 can also be turned over so that the shoulder 33 does not stand outward, but is directed obliquely to the axis of the cylinder 11. By different attachment of the arm 30 to the cylinder housing 11 different device types can be realized.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 sind anstelle der Plattenpaare 25 bzw. 26 Halter 41 an dem Zylindergehäuse 11 befestigt. Diese Halter 41 werden von den Schenkeln des Armes 30', der einen U-förmigen Querschnitt hat, übergriffen. Der Arm 30' wird seinerseits von den Schenkeln des gabelförmigen Endes des Stützarmes 37' übergriffen. Durch miteinander fluchtende Querbohrungen in dem Halter 41 und den Schenkeln des Armes 30' und des Stützarmes 37' wird ein (nicht dargestellter) Bolzen hindurchgeschoben.In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4, holders 41 are fastened to the cylinder housing 11 instead of the plate pairs 25 or 26. These holders 41 are overlapped by the legs of the arm 30 ', which has a U-shaped cross section. The arm 30 'is in turn overlapped by the legs of the fork-shaped end of the support arm 37'. A bolt (not shown) is pushed through mutually aligned transverse bores in the holder 41 and the legs of the arm 30 'and the support arm 37'.

Eine andere Befestigungsart des Halters 30" an dem Zylindergehäuse 11 zeigt Fig. 5. Hierbei weist das Zylindergehäuse 11 zwei parallele L-förmige Schienen 42 auf, deren freie Schenkel einander zugewandt sind. Zwischen die Schienen 42 wird der Arm 30" eingeschoben.Another type of fastening of the holder 30 "to the cylinder housing 11 is shown in FIG. 5. Here, the cylinder housing 11 has two parallel L-shaped rails 42, the free legs of which face each other. The arm 30" is inserted between the rails 42.

Die Arretierung des Armes 30" erfolgt durch eine Schraube 43, die durch eine Gewindebohrung der einen Schiene 42 hindurchgeht und in ein Sackloch des Armes 30" eingreift. Der Stützarm 37" ist an einer Achse 44 des Armes 30" gelagert. Er ragt durch den Spalt zwischen den beiden Schienen 42 hindurch.The arm 30 "is locked by a screw 43 which passes through a threaded hole in the one rail 42 and engages in a blind hole in the arm 30". The support arm 37 "is mounted on an axis 44 of the arm 30". It protrudes through the gap between the two rails 42.

Fig. 6 zeigt die Verwendung desselben Hydraulikzylinders 10 wie in Fig. 1 in Verbindung mit einem anderen Drehkopf 16a und einem anderen Arm 30a. Bei dem Drehkopf 16a sind die Anlenkpunkte für das erste Gelenk 15 und das zweite Gelenk 34 näher aneinander angeordnet als bei dem Drehkopf 16. Der Arm 30a ist über seine gesamte Länge geradlinig. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 6 ist zwar das Drehmoment, das von dem Hydraulikzylinder 10 auf den Drehkopf 16a ausgeübt wird, geringer als bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1, jedoch wird in der Nähe des Drehkopfes 16a ein kleinerer Freiraum benötigt, so daß der Drehkopf 16a mit dem Arm 30a auch bei solchen Schraubenköpfen zur Anwendung kommen kann, bei denen die Bewegungsmöglichkeit des Drehkopfes 16 der Fig. 1 durch äußere Hindernisse eingeschränkt ist. In Fig. 6 ist eine Stützrolle 39 gezeigt, die an dem durch die Platten 26 hindurchgehenden Bolzen befestigt wird. Anstelle der Stützrolle 39 könnte auch ein pendelnder Stützfuß, 37 wie in Fig. 1 vorgesehen sein.FIG. 6 shows the use of the same hydraulic cylinder 10 as in FIG. 1 in connection with another rotary head 16a and another arm 30a. In the case of the rotary head 16a, the articulation points for the first joint 15 and the second joint 34 are arranged closer to one another than in the case of the rotary head 16. The arm 30a is rectilinear over its entire length. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the torque exerted by the hydraulic cylinder 10 on the rotary head 16a is lower than in the embodiment of FIG. 1, but a smaller clearance is required in the vicinity of the rotary head 16a, so that the Rotary head 16a with the arm 30a can also be used with screw heads in which the possibility of movement of the rotary head 16 of FIG. 1 is restricted by external obstacles. In Fig. 6, a support roller 39 is shown which is attached to the bolt passing through the plates 26. Instead of the support roller 39, an oscillating support foot 37 could also be provided as in FIG. 1.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 7 wird wiederum derselbe Hydraulikzylinder 10 in Verbindung mit dem Drehkopf 16a und dem Arm 30a der Fig. 6 (bzw. 30, Fig. 1) benutzt, jedoch ist hierbei der Momentenarm des Drehkopfes 16a durch einen dreieckförmigen Hebelarm 45 verlängert, der an dem Drehkopf 16a starr angebracht ist und radial von diesem absteht. Die Befestigung des Hebelarmes 45 erfolgt an den Anlenkpunkten 47, 48, die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 6 Bestandteile des ersten Gelenks 15 bzw. des zweiten Gelenks 34 bilden. Diese Anlenkpunkte 47, 48 bestehen aus Bohrungen, die mit entsprechenden Bohrungen 49, 50 des Hebelarmes 45 zur Deckung kommen und mit (nicht dargestellten) Bolzen verriegelt werden. Der Arm 45 weist an seinem äußeren Ende eine Querbohrung 52 auf, die zur Bildung des ersten Gelenks 15 gelenkig mit dem Ende der Kolbenstange 14 verbunden wird. Der Hebelarm 45 ist mit einer weiteren Querbohrung 51 versehen, die zur Bildung des zweiten Gelenks 34 mit dem vorderen Ende des Armes 30a (bzw. 30, Fig. 1) gelenkig verbunden wird. Der Hebelarm 45 ist gewissermaßen eine radiale Verlängerung des Drehkopfes 16a und die Kolbenstange 14 sowie der Arm 30a/30 greifen nicht unmittelbar an dem Drehkopf 16a an, sondern an dem Hebelarm 45.In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the same hydraulic cylinder 10 is again used in connection with the rotary head 16a and the arm 30a of FIG. 6 (or 30, FIG. 1), but the moment arm of the rotary head 16a is here by a triangular lever arm 45 extended, which is rigidly attached to the rotary head 16a and protrudes radially therefrom. The lever arm 45 is fastened at the articulation points 47, 48, which form components of the first joint 15 and the second joint 34 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6. These articulation points 47, 48 consist of bores which come to coincide with corresponding bores 49, 50 of the lever arm 45 and are locked with bolts (not shown). The arm 45 has at its outer end a transverse bore 52 which is articulated to the end of the piston rod 14 to form the first joint 15. The lever arm 45 is provided with a further transverse bore 51 which is articulated to form the second joint 34 with the front end of the arm 30a (or 30, Fig. 1). The lever arm 45 is to a certain extent a radial extension of the rotary head 16a and the piston rod 14 and the arm 30a / 30 do not act directly on the rotary head 16a, but on the lever arm 45.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 7 ist das von dem Kolben 12 auf den Drehkopf 16a ausgeübte Drehmoment relativ gering, denn wenn die Kolbenstange 14 aus dem Zylindergehäuse 11 ausgefahren wird und somit gegen das freie Ende des Hebelarmes 45 drückt, zieht gleichzeitig der Arm 30a an dem Hebelarm 45. Dennoch ist die Verwendung des Hebelarmes 45, bei dem die Gelenke 15 und 34 annähernd auf einem gemeinsamen Radius des Drehkopfes 16a liegen, in manchen Fällen günstig, in denen sich in der Nähe der zu drehenden Schraube Hindernisse befinden, so daß ein möglichst schmaler und langer Hebelarm erforderlich ist, wenn Drehbewegungen am Schraubenkopf ausgeführt werden sollen. Andererseits wird durch die Länge des Hebelarms 45 das auf den Schraubenkopf ausgeübte Drehmoment verändert.In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the torque exerted by the piston 12 on the rotary head 16a is relatively low, because when the piston rod 14 is extended out of the cylinder housing 11 and thus presses against the free end of the lever arm 45, the arm 30a is simultaneously attracted the lever arm 45. Nevertheless, the use of the lever arm 45, in which the joints 15 and 34 lie approximately on a common radius of the rotary head 16a, is advantageous in some cases in which there are obstacles in the vicinity of the screw to be rotated, so that a Lever arm that is as narrow and long as possible is required if rotary movements are to be carried out on the screw head. On the other hand, the length of the lever arm 45 changes the torque exerted on the screw head.

Claims (5)

1. Torque applying tool comprising a rotary head (16) adapted to be applied to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder (10) whose piston (12) is connected via a hinge means (14, 15, 17) to a first pivot point (15) of the rotary head (16), an arm (30) supported at the cylinder housing (11) of the hydraulic cylinder (10), and connected to a second pivot point of the rotary head (16) via a second hinge (34) which - with respect to the axis of the rotary head (16) - is provided at an angular distance to the first pivot point (15), and a supporting member (37) for supporting the cylinder housing against a stationary abutment,
characterized in that
the arm (30) is fixed rigidly and dismountably at the cylinder housing (11), that the hinge means (14, 15, 17) is so designed that it adapts itself to swivel movements of the first pivot point (15) relative to the cylinder axis, and that at least one further arm (30a) is provided which is distinguished from the first arm (30) by a different arrangement of the pivot point for the second hinge (34) with respect to the cylinder housing, and which is interchangeable against the first arm (30).
2. Torque applying tool comprising a rotary head (16) adapted to be applied to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder (10) whose piston (12) is connected via a hinge means (14, 15, 17) to a first pivot point (15) of the rotary head (16), an arm (30) supported at the cylinder housing (11) of the hydraulic cylinder (10) and connected to a second pivot point of the rotary head (16) via a second hinge (34) which - with respect to the axis of the rotary head (16) - is provided at an angular distance to the first pivot point (15), and a supporting member (37) for supporting the cylinder housing against a stationary abutment,
characterized in that
the arm (30) is fixed rigidly and dismountablvat the cylinder housing (11), that the hinge means (14, 15, 17) is so designed that it adapts itself to swivel movements of the first pivot point (15) relative to the cylinder axis, and that the arm (30) is to be fixed to the cylinder housing (11) in different positions in longitudinal direction thereof.
3. Torque applying tool comprising a rotary head (16) adapted to be applied to a workpiece, a hydraulic cylinder (10) whose piston (12) is connected via a hinge means (14, 15, 17) to a first pivot point (15) of the rotary head (16), an arm (30) supportedat the cylinder housing (11) of the hydraulic cylinder (10) and connected to a second pivot point of the rotary head (16) via a second hinge (34) which - with respect to the axis of the rotary head (16) - is provided at an angular distance from the first pivot point (15). and a supporting member (37) for supporting the cylinder housing against a stationary abutment,
characterized in that
the arm (30) is rigidly secured to the cylinder housing (11), that the hinge means (14, 15, 17) is so designed that it adapts itself to swivel movements of the first pivot point (15) relative to the cylinder axis and that a plurality of rotary heads (16, 16a) are provided which differ from each other by different arrangements of the first and of the second pivot point (15, 34).
4. Torque applying tool as defined in one of claims 1 through 3, characterized in that a lever arm (45) mountable to the pivot points (47, 48) of the rotary head (16a) is provided which is articulatedly engaged by the piston rod (14) and the arm (30a) at different distances from the axis of the rotary head (16a).
5. Torque applying tool as defined in one of claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the arm (30) is connected to the cylinder housing (11) by two removable shafts (28).
EP84107023A 1983-07-02 1984-06-19 Torque applying tool Expired EP0130465B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84107023T ATE27238T1 (en) 1983-07-02 1984-06-19 LATHE TOOL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833323904 DE3323904A1 (en) 1983-07-02 1983-07-02 TURNING TOOL
DE3323904 1983-07-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130465A1 EP0130465A1 (en) 1985-01-09
EP0130465B1 true EP0130465B1 (en) 1987-05-20

Family

ID=6202997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84107023A Expired EP0130465B1 (en) 1983-07-02 1984-06-19 Torque applying tool

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0130465B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6039076A (en)
AT (1) ATE27238T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3323904A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA844757B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3407126A1 (en) * 1984-02-28 1985-08-29 Enerpac GmbH, 4300 Essen POWER SCREWDRIVER WITH A TENSION WHEEL WITH A FINE-STAGE TOOTHING
DE3413202A1 (en) * 1984-04-07 1985-10-17 Wagner, Paul-Heinz, 5203 Much POWER SCREWDRIVER
US4663997A (en) * 1986-01-14 1987-05-12 Junkers John K Fluid-operated wrench
US6105472A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-08-22 Junkers; John K. Fluid-operated tool

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198040A (en) * 1963-01-14 1965-08-03 Imp Eastman Corp Wrench
DE2654466C2 (en) * 1976-12-01 1978-11-02 Paul-Heinz Wagner Maschinenfabrikation, 5203 Much Power wrench
DE2749857C3 (en) * 1977-11-08 1980-05-14 Paul-Heinz Wagner Maschinenfabrikation, 5203 Much Power wrench with a wrench head
US4201099B1 (en) * 1978-08-14 1993-12-07 K. Junkers John Hydraulic wrench
US4409865A (en) * 1981-01-15 1983-10-18 Unex Corporation Continuous ratchet drive
US4387611A (en) * 1981-05-19 1983-06-14 Junkers John K Hydraulic wrench for simultaneously tightening or loosening at least two threaded connectors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6039076A (en) 1985-02-28
DE3323904A1 (en) 1985-01-10
EP0130465A1 (en) 1985-01-09
ZA844757B (en) 1985-02-27
ATE27238T1 (en) 1987-06-15

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