EP0129317A2 - Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres de polyamide et nouvelles fibres à surface rugueuse obtenues par ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres de polyamide et nouvelles fibres à surface rugueuse obtenues par ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0129317A2
EP0129317A2 EP84302991A EP84302991A EP0129317A2 EP 0129317 A2 EP0129317 A2 EP 0129317A2 EP 84302991 A EP84302991 A EP 84302991A EP 84302991 A EP84302991 A EP 84302991A EP 0129317 A2 EP0129317 A2 EP 0129317A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibre
melt
polymer
polyamide
fibres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84302991A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0129317A3 (fr
Inventor
Harry Brody
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0129317A2 publication Critical patent/EP0129317A2/fr
Publication of EP0129317A3 publication Critical patent/EP0129317A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of synthetic fibres by melt spinning a blend of a fibre-forming polyamide and an immiscible polymer.
  • Japanese Patent No 56-85420 (Teijin KK) is concerned with the production of an undrawn polyamide yarn containing between 0.5% and 10% by weight of a bisphenol-type polycarbonate having a degree of polymerisation of 20 or more.
  • polyamide yarns having a novel rough surface can be produced by melt spinning, at a minimum wind up speed of 2 kilometres per minute, a blend formed from a fibre-forming polyamide and at least 10% by weight but less than 45% by weight of another polymer which is immiscible in a melt of the fibre-forming polyamide, such other polymer having lower melt viscosity than that of the fibre-forming polyamide at the spinning temperature.
  • an “imniscible polymer” we mean that at the spinning temperature such a polymer forms a two phase melt with the fibre-forming thermoplastic polymer. Microscopic examination and optical photographs of such a melt show a two phase system in which the immiscible polymer is in the form of circles (indicating spherical particles) dispersed in the continuous, fibre-forming, polymer matrix.
  • an immiscible polymer to exclude a liquid crystal polymer, ie the additive polymers used in the invention do not form an anisotropic melt in the temperature range at which the thermoplastic polymer may be melt spun. This anisotropic condition may form when a liquid crystal polymer is heated or by the application of shear to the polymer, although in the latter case it must persist for a few seconds.
  • the blend may include up to 45% by weight of the other polymer, however, the actual proportion of the other polymer which may be used in a particular polymer combination is dependent on phase inversion not incurring ie in this invention we do not contemplate that the proportion of the minor component by weight in the blend shall become the continuous phase in which is dispersed the major component by weight as the discontinuous phase.
  • microfibrils have an aspect ratio ie length/diameter ratio which is very high eg typically greater than 50 and such microfibrils will have diameters of about 0.5 micron.
  • the process of the invention is suited to the melt spinning of the more common fibre-forming polyamides such as nylon 66 and nylon 6. However, we have found that the process is particularly suited to the melt spinning of nylon 66.
  • Suitable immiscible polymers are polyolefines, such as polyethylene and polypropylene; and polyethylene glycol.
  • a feature of the process of the invention is that novel rough surfaced fibres are produced thereby.
  • Fibres of a polyamide produced by extrusion through fine orifices by the melt spinning technique normally possess a smooth shiny surface.
  • the cross section of the filamentary fibres may be other than circular, fabrics made from such fibres possess a slick hand and are cold to the touch.
  • the smooth surface makes for more difficult working of the staple fibres into spun yarn.
  • the desired fibre cohesiveness is not available. Natural fibres such as wool and cotton have a rough surface which tends to interlock in the spun yarn. The rough surface also provides better heat insulation and lends to a warm-to-the touch quality to fabrics made from such yarn.
  • Those fibres of the invention which have been melt spun at wind-up speeds between, say, 2 and 5 kilometres per metre, being partially oriented, may desirably be subjected to a draw-texturing process. Fibres produced by such draw-texturing process retain a rough surface but differing in detail from the fibres produced according to the invention process. Those fibres of the invention which have been melt spun at wind-up speeds in excess of, say, 5 kilometres per minute, being more fully oriented, can be used without further processing.
  • the additive polymer is an immiscible polymer and forms a two phase melt with the fibre-forming polymer.
  • a commercial grade of polyethylene - Alkathene Grade 23 - was used as the additive polymer. It had a melt flow index of 200 and a melt viscosity of 12 Ns/m 2 at 10 4 N/m 2 and 180°C.
  • the polyamide was a commercial grade of nylon 66 - Imperial Chemical Industries PLC grade 5GS. The viscosity of the nylon was 80 Ns/M 2 at 10 4 N/m 2 and 285°C. 10% by weight of the polyethylene was mixed with the nylon 66 as a chip blend and spun on a laboratory melt spinner at 290°C and a throughput of 110 gm/hr/hole through 9 thou spinneret holes. No quench or conditioner was used. The yarn was wound up at speeds of 2000-6000 mpm.
  • a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface of the fibre spun at 3000 mpm showed that it was extremely rough and covered with knobbly protrusions a few microns large.
  • the fibre spun at 6000 mpm also had a rough and irregular surface, covered with fissures about 5 ⁇ long and 0.5 ⁇ wide aligned along the fibre axis. Photographs of the spun fibre are shown in Fig 1 (magnification x 600) and Fig 2 (magnification x 3,000). In contrast 100% nylon 66 fibres spun at these wind-up speeds under the same spinning conditions were perfectly smooth cylinders.
  • the spun yarn did not slough off the bobbin at any wind-up speed even though a conditioner was not used.
  • the blend yarn containing 10% polyethylene spun at 3000 mpm was draw textured on a Scragg DCS 1000 machine.
  • the draw ratio was 1.35, draw speed 40 mpm, primary heater temperature 190°C and heater length 1.5 m.
  • the textured fibre surface was still rough, and contained fissures about 5-10 ⁇ long and 0.5f wide at a small angle to the fibre axis due to twisting during draw texturing, plus other scaly surface features a few microns large.
  • a photograph of the textured fibre (magnification x 3000) is shown in Fig 3.
  • a specially prepared grade of low viscosity polypropylene having a melt flow index of 242 was used as the additive polymer this time.
  • the nylon used was the same as in Example 1. 15% by weight of the polypropylene was mixed with the nylon 66 as a chip blend and spun on a laboratory melt spinner under the same spinning conditions as in Example 1. The yarn was wound up at speeds of 1000 - 3000 mpm.
  • a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface of the fibre spun at 3000 mpm showed that it was extremely rough, similar in appearance to the fibre spun in Example 1.
  • the spun yarn did not slough off the bobbin at any wind-up speed even though a conditioner was not used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
EP84302991A 1983-06-15 1984-05-03 Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres de polyamide et nouvelles fibres à surface rugueuse obtenues par ce procédé Withdrawn EP0129317A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838316323A GB8316323D0 (en) 1983-06-15 1983-06-15 Producing polyamide fibre
GB8316323 1983-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0129317A2 true EP0129317A2 (fr) 1984-12-27
EP0129317A3 EP0129317A3 (fr) 1987-04-15

Family

ID=10544276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84302991A Withdrawn EP0129317A3 (fr) 1983-06-15 1984-05-03 Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres de polyamide et nouvelles fibres à surface rugueuse obtenues par ce procédé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0129317A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6017116A (fr)
AU (1) AU566691B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES533420A0 (fr)
GB (1) GB8316323D0 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA843912B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0246752A2 (fr) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-25 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Fibres et tubes fibreux
US4792489A (en) * 1985-12-27 1988-12-20 Aderans Co., Ltd. Synthetic fibers having uneven surfaces and a method of producing same
US5240770A (en) * 1988-03-02 1993-08-31 Teijin Limited Surface-modified wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and method of producing same
EP0658640A1 (fr) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-21 Peter Dr. Hahl Fibre synthétique monofilamentaire

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB930074A (en) * 1959-08-05 1963-07-03 Arthur Abbey Improvements in or relating to mixtures of linear polymeric thermoplastic materials
GB1069993A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-05-24 Kurashiki Rayon Kk Method for melt-spinning of mixtures of polyamides and polyolefins
US3518337A (en) * 1967-09-14 1970-06-30 Du Pont Process for dispersing partially miscible polymers in melt spinnable fiber-forming polymers
EP0035796A1 (fr) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-16 Teijin Limited Filaments synthétiques thermoplastiques et procédé pour leur fabrication
EP0080274A2 (fr) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Procédé pour le filage au fondu d'un mélange d'un polymère constituant la fibre et un polymère incompatible et fibres filés par ce procédé

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56107013A (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-08-25 Unitika Ltd Low young's modulus polyamide fiber

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB930074A (en) * 1959-08-05 1963-07-03 Arthur Abbey Improvements in or relating to mixtures of linear polymeric thermoplastic materials
GB1069993A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-05-24 Kurashiki Rayon Kk Method for melt-spinning of mixtures of polyamides and polyolefins
US3518337A (en) * 1967-09-14 1970-06-30 Du Pont Process for dispersing partially miscible polymers in melt spinnable fiber-forming polymers
EP0035796A1 (fr) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-16 Teijin Limited Filaments synthétiques thermoplastiques et procédé pour leur fabrication
EP0080274A2 (fr) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Procédé pour le filage au fondu d'un mélange d'un polymère constituant la fibre et un polymère incompatible et fibres filés par ce procédé

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4792489A (en) * 1985-12-27 1988-12-20 Aderans Co., Ltd. Synthetic fibers having uneven surfaces and a method of producing same
US4970042A (en) * 1985-12-27 1990-11-13 Aderans Co., Ltd. Synthetic fibers having uneven surfaces method for melt-spinning
EP0246752A2 (fr) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-25 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Fibres et tubes fibreux
EP0246752A3 (en) * 1986-05-16 1989-01-25 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Fibres and hollow fibrous tubes
US5240770A (en) * 1988-03-02 1993-08-31 Teijin Limited Surface-modified wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and method of producing same
EP0658640A1 (fr) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-21 Peter Dr. Hahl Fibre synthétique monofilamentaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0129317A3 (fr) 1987-04-15
ES8507192A1 (es) 1985-08-16
ES533420A0 (es) 1985-08-16
AU566691B2 (en) 1987-10-29
GB8316323D0 (en) 1983-07-20
JPS6017116A (ja) 1985-01-29
ZA843912B (en) 1985-02-27
AU2798784A (en) 1984-12-20

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Inventor name: BRODY, HARRY