Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
  • C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material

Definitions

• Prepared fire starters can be classified into three categories according to whether they are in solid form, liquid form or gelled form.
• Solid fire starters are themselves separable into two classes according to whether they contain or do not contain liquid fuel. When solid fire starters contain liquid fuels, these are absorbed on a porous substrate itself combustible, or even included in a matrix of combustible polymeric substance.
• the porous substrates are most often cellulose, or wood agglomerates, the polymer matrices of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins.
• Liquid fuels are generally hydrocarbons, low molecular weight alcohols and their mixtures. When solid fire starters do not contain liquid fuels, they simply consist of one or more solid fuels at room temperature. This is the case of metaformaldehyde cubes or even wax or paraffin bars.
• Liquid fire starters are most often formed by one or more hydrocarbons, by one or more alcohols or by mixtures of alcohols or hydrocarbons.
• Gelled fire starters are basically made up of one or more compounds with one or more alcohol functions, such as ethyl alcohol or butyl glycol, one or more hydrocarbons, or mixtures of these two classes of associated products. optionally with a solvent of very polar nature such as water. Gelation is obtained generally thanks to the addition of long-chain organometallic salts, silica with high absorption power or organic polymers effective in very polar environments.
• Liquid fire starters are most often made up of a single component. This component is either an hydrocarbon, or a low molecular weight alcohol. However, mixtures of liquid fuels or solutions of a solid fuel such as wax or paraffin are often used in a fuel acting as a solvent.
• Liquid fire starters do not have the same technical drawbacks as solid fire starters because they can easily be distributed over a large area of solid fuel which is to be ignited. However, they still have major drawbacks. First of all, they are dangerous for the user due to the often very low flash points, further subjecting the marketing of these products to special labeling which is an important obstacle to their marketing.
• combustion improvement additives which is nevertheless particularly effective and therefore desirable in the case of a liquid fire starter, is made difficult because of the insolubility or very low solubility of the most effective additives. in the liquid compositions generally used. This is particularly the case for combustion catalysts based on heavy metals and peroxides mainly when they are in the form of mineral salts.
• Firelighters in gelled form are usually packaged in sachets or bottles so as to be poured onto the solid fuel to be ignited.
• sachets In the form of dose sachets, they have the same technical drawbacks as solids since they only allow one-time ignition of the fuel, while not presenting the same dangers during storage, their packaging being generally sealed.
• bottles can be distributed on solid fuel in the same way as liquids but then have the disadvantage of remaining on the surface of the fuel without penetrating it, thus making it possible to obtain a low efficiency.
• the present invention therefore relates to the production of an improved liquid fire starter for safety and usable for the ignition of all solid fuels.
• This fire starter is characterized in that it comprises at least two constituents A and B as defined below and that it can also contain at least one of the two additives C and D as also defined below , the assembly constituting a stable liquid under normal storage conditions.
• a / Component A comprises a compound or a mixture of compounds having the general formula: with n, a, b and m equal or different representing values between 1 and 12.
• the compounds particularly useful in the production of fire starters according to the invention are the mono and diethyl ethers, ethyl, propyl or butyl mono and polyethylenes and mono and polypropylene glycols.
• This constituent A can contain organo-metallic additives among which mention may be made of fatty metal soaps and organic metal complexes.
• organic peroxides there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, peroxides derived from aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkyl hydroperoxides and the like.
• mineral additives there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals.
• Component A can also contain surfactants.
• surfactants preference will be given to those which make it possible to obtain a final product in the form of a fluid solution, stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
• Component B comprises one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals.
• the compounds which are particularly useful in the production of a fire starter of the invention are the salts and mineral complexes of the metals of column Ib according to the periodic classification of the elements according to Mendeursev, namely the copper salts and mineral complexes , silver and gold.
• Additive C mainly consists of water. It may also contain one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals as defined above, within the limit of their solubility.
• This additive can also contain other mineral compounds such as chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline earth metals. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen so as to obtain a final product in the form of a stable fluid solution under normal conditions of storage and use.
• Additive D mainly consists of a hydrocarbon.
• This additive can also contain one or more organic additives or organic peroxides as defined under A. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen to allow the production of a final product in the form of a fluid solution stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
• weight proportions w, x, y, z in the various combinations AB, ABC, ABD, BCD are easily determined in each case by those skilled in the art by establishing the corresponding binary, ternary or quaternary diagram delimiting the zones of stability of the composition.
• a liquid composition is considered to be stable when it does not exhibit phase separation in the formulation.
• the AFNOR T 60-103 device was used with a Luchaire cutter with cover for the measurement of flash points.
• a regular agglomerated charcoal ball weighing 39 1 1 g was chosen as fuel. It is weighed before and after 5 minutes immersion. in a fire starter solution. Note the amount of fire starter absorbed. The ball thus impregnated is then ignited and its weight loss is followed for 30 minutes from the time when the quantity of absorbed fire starter has theoretically burned.
• a fire starter is prepared according to the formula: Monoethyl ether of monoethylene glycol: 90 parts by weight said below butylglycol Cupric chloride (dihydrate): 10 parts by weight
• This fire starter is compared to those of butylglycol alone.
• the results show the excellent ignition performance obtained.
• the 70 ° C flash point guarantees safety in use under normal conditions.
• This fire starter is compared to those of butylglycol alone.
• a fire starter is prepared according to the formula:
• This fire starter is compared to those of "Shellsol K” alone, butylglycolseul and the mixture of these two solvents (50% / 50%).
• the flash point of 64 ° C maintains a sufficient degree of security for normal conditions of use.
• the performance obtained is greatly improved compared to the products used alone and to their mixture.
• This fire starter is compared with those of butylglycol alone, Shellsol K alone and the mixture of the two solvents (50% / 50%).
• a fire starter in the form of a gel is prepared according to the formula:
• Viscosity (Brookfield RVT viscometer; needle # 3; 20 rpm)
• Weight loss 1 g (combustion of the ball stopped after 5 minutes).
• This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.
• the results show the excellent performance obtained with the composition according to the invention.
• the flash point is higher than normal temperatures for using a fire starter.
• This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (2)

Citations (4)

• 1983
  • 1983-05-10 FR FR8307773A patent/FR2545833B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1984
  • 1984-04-30 ZA ZA843206A patent/ZA843206B/xx unknown
  • 1984-05-08 GR GR74642A patent/GR82090B/el unknown
  • 1984-05-08 PT PT78560A patent/PT78560B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 DK DK229784A patent/DK165122C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 EP EP84400933A patent/EP0128788B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1984-05-09 AU AU27832/84A patent/AU564262B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1984-05-09 NZ NZ208115A patent/NZ208115A/en unknown
  • 1984-05-09 DE DE8484400933T patent/DE3461198D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1984-05-09 IE IE1148/84A patent/IE57371B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 AT AT84400933T patent/ATE23358T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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