EP0127519A1 - Verfahren zur Dampfspaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Dampfspaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0127519A1
EP0127519A1 EP84400992A EP84400992A EP0127519A1 EP 0127519 A1 EP0127519 A1 EP 0127519A1 EP 84400992 A EP84400992 A EP 84400992A EP 84400992 A EP84400992 A EP 84400992A EP 0127519 A1 EP0127519 A1 EP 0127519A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
zone
combustion gas
charge
cracking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84400992A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0127519B1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Bernard
Francois Prudhon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rhodia Chimie SAS
Original Assignee
Rhone Poulenc Chimie SA
Rhone Poulenc Chimie de Base SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rhone Poulenc Chimie SA, Rhone Poulenc Chimie de Base SA filed Critical Rhone Poulenc Chimie SA
Priority to AT84400992T priority Critical patent/ATE25263T1/de
Publication of EP0127519A1 publication Critical patent/EP0127519A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0127519B1 publication Critical patent/EP0127519B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
    • C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
    • C10G9/38—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for steam cracking of hydrocarbons, optionally in the presence of hydrogen.
  • steam cracking of hydrocarbons, or cracking in the presence of water vapor was used in the UNITED STATES between 1930 and 1940 for the production of ethylene and aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the use of hydrogen has two advantages: the conversion of heavy products into light products is improved and the formation of deposits is reduced.
  • the reactor has the shape of a convergent-divergent nozzle.
  • the fundamental condition for any cracking process with the production of olefins is the appropriate setting of the residence time / temperature ratio, which is possible in a tubular reactor. As recent developments go towards very short residence times, it it will be more difficult to create this fundamental condition and the development of new technologies will prove to be essential.
  • the combustion gas is formed in situ and contains water vapor.
  • it serves to provide the mechanical energy necessary to produce, in situ, the transfer surface as well as the thermal energy necessary for cracking; heat transfer is therefore carried out without the inconvenience of a tubular exchange surface and the combustion gas and the charge are mixed intensively.
  • gaseous reagents are introduced, so that the resulting gaseous phase has the form of a symmetrical helical flow, said reagents reacting in this zone, so as to produce a gas containing superheated water vapor which is evacuated in the form of a well-vortex flow in an isorepartition zone 2 into which the charge of hydrocarbon to be cracked is introduced, at the level of the vacuum zone relative generated by the well-whirlpool flow, the amount of movement of the combustion gas containing the superheated steam being sufficient relative to that of the liquid charge to cause the rupture of said liquid charge, its spraying and the treatment of each drop formed by an associated gas volume element, the quantity of heat provided by the combustion gas being sufficient to allow the vaporization of this charge, its overheating and its cracking at the desired temperature.
  • the momentum of the volume elements of the gas phase from zone 1 is at least 100 times and preferably between 1,000 and 10,000 times that of the associated volume elements of the liquid phase.
  • the speed of introduction of the liquid which can be optionally predispersed, is generally low, less than 10 m / s and preferably less than 5 m / s.
  • the gas-well-vortex phase is obtained, in situ, by means of the gases serving to generate the combustion gas containing the steam of the steam cracking process.
  • This combustion gas will depend in particular on the nature of the charge to be cracked and on the final products which it is desired to favor, but it must in any event be sufficient to cause cracking of the charge, in any case higher than cracking temperatures in tubular reactors. which are of the order of 800 ° - 900 ° C.
  • the temperature of this gaseous well-vortex phase will therefore advantageously be as high as possible, taking into account the possibilities of the apparatus, that is to say practically between 1,000 and 2,500 ° C.
  • This combustion gas containing superheated steam can be obtained by combustion of a hydrocarbon.
  • the superheated steam produced in zone 1 can also be obtained by direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, at least one of these reactants being introduced in a symmetrical helical flow into said zone.
  • This hydrogen can fulfill several functions as a thermal diluent in zone 1 but also as a chemical participant in cracking in zone 2.
  • a non-pure oxygen source can also be used.
  • a source of oxygen can be introduced in very small proportion in the zone 2 of contact and isorepartition.
  • the method according to the invention has great flexibility with respect to the load introduced.
  • This comprises a combustion chamber (1) which has an envelope (3), closed at its downstream part by a restricted passage (4), a pipe (5) for tangential supply of hydrogen, a supply pipe (6) oxygen.
  • the envelope (3) ends downstream by a convergent (7) in which ends, along the axis of rotation symmetry of the chamber (1) an injection device (8) of the hydrocarbon charge, substantially at the restricted passage (4), a contact chamber (2) extending downstream the chamber (1) along the same axis of symmetry.
  • the bedroom (1) has an ignition means (9), an annular cooling space (10) around the injection device (8) and another cooling circuit (11) around said chamber (1).
  • a quenching device (12) is provided at the outlet from the contact chamber (2).
  • the hydrocarbon charge consists of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel (domestic fuel oil according to French standards, type 2 according to ASTM standard).
  • the temperature / residence time couple is varied with a device of 20 cm overall dimension.
  • Examples 1 and 2 are produced with a chamber 2 in the form of a bicone as in the figure.
  • Example 3 we replace the twin with a tube.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP84400992A 1983-05-20 1984-05-16 Verfahren zur Dampfspaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen Expired EP0127519B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400992T ATE25263T1 (de) 1983-05-20 1984-05-16 Verfahren zur dampfspaltung von kohlenwasserstoffen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8308395A FR2546174B1 (fr) 1983-05-20 1983-05-20 Procede de vapocraquage d'hydrocarbures
FR8308395 1983-05-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0127519A1 true EP0127519A1 (de) 1984-12-05
EP0127519B1 EP0127519B1 (de) 1987-01-28

Family

ID=9289037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400992A Expired EP0127519B1 (de) 1983-05-20 1984-05-16 Verfahren zur Dampfspaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4832822A (de)
EP (1) EP0127519B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6047097A (de)
AT (1) ATE25263T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3462267D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2546174B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3047483A1 (fr) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-11 Sita Bioenergies Procede de traitement d'un lixiviat ou d'un concentrat de lixiviat charge en constituants mineraux et organiques

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ID29093A (id) * 1998-10-16 2001-07-26 Lanisco Holdings Ltd Konversi mendalam yang menggabungkan demetalisasi dan konversi minyak mentah, residu atau minyak berat menjadi cairan ringan dengan senyawa-senyawa oksigenat murni atau tak murni
AU2004201428B2 (en) * 1998-10-16 2006-01-12 Carbon Resources Limited System for the conversion of hydrocarbons
FR2785289B1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2007-01-05 Pierre Charles Jorgensen Conversion profonde jumelant la demetallisation et la conversion de bruts, residus ou huiles a l'aide de composes oxygenes purs ou impurs (h20 c02 co accompagnes de n2 h2 sh2...)
US20050038304A1 (en) * 2003-08-15 2005-02-17 Van Egmond Cor F. Integrating a methanol to olefin reaction system with a steam cracking system
RU2405622C2 (ru) 2009-03-23 2010-12-10 Владимир Андреевич Бушуев Лопаточный реактор для пиролиза углеводородов
RU2518080C2 (ru) * 2011-07-08 2014-06-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Премиум Инжиниринг" Способ и устройство переработки тяжелого нефтяного сырья

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790838A (en) * 1952-01-16 1957-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Process for pyrolysis of hydrocarbons
DE1112064B (de) * 1956-08-06 1961-08-03 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von ungesaettigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere Acetylen und AEthylen, durch thermische Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffoelen
GB1174870A (en) * 1966-07-04 1969-12-17 Japanese Geon Co Ltd An apparatus for Thermal Cracking of Hydrocarbon
FR2236916A1 (de) * 1973-07-09 1975-02-07 Union Carbide Corp
FR2294225A1 (fr) * 1974-12-09 1976-07-09 Erap Procede perfectionne de conversion thermique d'hydrocarbures

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE547808A (de) * 1955-05-13 1900-01-01
US3019271A (en) * 1958-09-08 1962-01-30 Belge Produits Chimiques Sa Process and apparatus for treatment of hydrocarbons
FR1236499A (fr) * 1958-09-30 1960-07-15 Basf Ag Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'hydrocarbures non saturés à partir d'hydrocarbures liquides
US3203769A (en) * 1961-12-06 1965-08-31 Res Ass Of Polymer Raw Materia Furnace for cracking hydrocarbons having a flame-adjustable burner
BE626824A (de) * 1962-01-08
US3168592A (en) * 1962-07-19 1965-02-02 Du Pont Manufacture of acetylene by two stage pyrolysis under reduced pressure with the first stage pyrolysis conducted in a rotating arc
US3419632A (en) * 1964-08-24 1968-12-31 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Thermal cracking method of hydrocarbons
US3399245A (en) * 1966-01-28 1968-08-27 Monsanto Co Process and apparatus for partial combustion of hydrocarbons
GB1178449A (en) * 1966-10-14 1970-01-21 Chepos Zd Y Chemickeho A Poatr Method and Apparatus for Performing Pyrolysis Reactions.
JPS5836895B2 (ja) * 1973-05-23 1983-08-12 凸版印刷株式会社 タシヨクズリヨウゲンバン
US4136015A (en) * 1977-06-07 1979-01-23 Union Carbide Corporation Process for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons
US4256565A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-03-17 Rockwell International Corporation Method of producing olefins from hydrocarbons

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790838A (en) * 1952-01-16 1957-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Process for pyrolysis of hydrocarbons
DE1112064B (de) * 1956-08-06 1961-08-03 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von ungesaettigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere Acetylen und AEthylen, durch thermische Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffoelen
GB1174870A (en) * 1966-07-04 1969-12-17 Japanese Geon Co Ltd An apparatus for Thermal Cracking of Hydrocarbon
FR2236916A1 (de) * 1973-07-09 1975-02-07 Union Carbide Corp
FR2294225A1 (fr) * 1974-12-09 1976-07-09 Erap Procede perfectionne de conversion thermique d'hydrocarbures

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3047483A1 (fr) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-11 Sita Bioenergies Procede de traitement d'un lixiviat ou d'un concentrat de lixiviat charge en constituants mineraux et organiques
WO2017137698A1 (fr) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 Suez Rv Bioenergies Procede et installation de traitement d'un lixiviat ou d'un concentrat de lixiviat charge en constituants mineraux et organiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6047097A (ja) 1985-03-14
DE3462267D1 (en) 1987-03-05
FR2546174B1 (fr) 1986-09-19
FR2546174A1 (fr) 1984-11-23
EP0127519B1 (de) 1987-01-28
US4832822A (en) 1989-05-23
ATE25263T1 (de) 1987-02-15

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