EP0126858A1 - Electrical heating element - Google Patents

Electrical heating element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126858A1
EP0126858A1 EP84102135A EP84102135A EP0126858A1 EP 0126858 A1 EP0126858 A1 EP 0126858A1 EP 84102135 A EP84102135 A EP 84102135A EP 84102135 A EP84102135 A EP 84102135A EP 0126858 A1 EP0126858 A1 EP 0126858A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
heating wire
wire coil
downstream
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84102135A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0126858B1 (en
Inventor
Arno Lassahn
Lothar Langer
Dieter F. Dr.-Ing. Schulze-Fröhlich
Hans Siwon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steinel GmbH and Co KG
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Steinel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8190425&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0126858(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Steinel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Steinel GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT84102135T priority Critical patent/ATE31136T1/en
Priority to FI841317A priority patent/FI75462C/en
Priority to DK178884A priority patent/DK178884A/en
Priority to AU26899/84A priority patent/AU2689984A/en
Priority to NO841601A priority patent/NO841601L/en
Priority to BR8401850A priority patent/BR8401850A/en
Priority to ES531798A priority patent/ES531798A0/en
Publication of EP0126858A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126858A1/en
Publication of EP0126858B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126858B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric radiator for heating a fluid, with a plurality of stacked disc-shaped radiator elements, in each of which two adjacent radiator elements form an annular recess between them, in each of which a partial section of a heating wire coil lies, the individual partial sections of which are electrically in series with one another .
  • Radiators of the type mentioned above are known, for example, from US-A-1 514 857 and FR-A-931 619.
  • the filament with intermediate sections electrically connected in series lies between The individual disc-shaped radiator elements, which have opening slots on the outer cylindrical surfaces, via which the heating wire coil is in contact with the fluid to be heated. Since the heating wire filament is relatively poorly washed around by the fluid in these radiators, the heat output that can be output is relatively low even at the maximum temperature with which the heating wire filament can be loaded.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a radiator of the type mentioned, which enables a high heating output with a relatively compact design.
  • the fluid to be heated becomes. be it a gas, a gas mixture, air or a liquid, in planes through the filament, on which the axis of the filament is substantially perpendicular.
  • the heating wire coil can emit a high heating power at a given temperature, which results in relatively small designs.
  • this radiator is characterized by Arrangement of the heating wire coil on webs which are narrow in relation to the flow cross section can achieve a relatively low flow resistance. This enables the use of quietly operating fans with low output, which makes the radiators according to the invention particularly attractive for household and do-it-yourself devices.
  • the individual sections of the heating wire filament are flowed through in succession by the fluid entering the radiator, the fluid undergoes multiple heating, so that very high temperatures of the fluid to be heated can be achieved.
  • the temperature rise of the fluid over the length of the radiator means that the downstream sections are cooled less than the upstream sections because the fluid arrives there at a relatively high temperature.
  • the sections of the heating wire coil which are adjacent to the downstream end of the radiator and which usually heat up more are provided by additional supply of fluid of lower temperature ( Ambient temperature or slightly increased ambient temperature).
  • additional supply of fluid of lower temperature Ambient temperature or slightly increased ambient temperature.
  • Claim 4 relates to a further development, which allows the object of claim 3 to be realized in an extremely simple manner, namely to vary the cross-sectional areas of the radial passages by placing radiator elements on top of one another in such a way that to achieve a larger cross-section, two adjacent passages add to a passage with a double flow cross-section.
  • radiator elements which have a radial passage lie only against one another in the region of the central core and on the cylindrical outer surface.
  • the entire cross-sectional area between the cylindrical outer wall and the central core forms a common radial passage which connects all the axial openings to one another.
  • the development according to claim 6 also serves to keep the temperature in the individual sections of the heating wire helix as constant as possible. This measure can be taken in addition to the measure according to claim 2, but also without this measure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a radiator which has seven radiator elements 1 stacked one on top of the other, which are penetrated centrally by a tension link 2 are held together.
  • This radiator is mounted on a mounting unit 3 having an annular flange.
  • the radiator elements 1, of which individual embodiments are shown in Figures 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b, consist of ceramic or other heat-resistant material. They have a hollow cylindrical ring 4, to which are connected webs 5 which run radially inwards and which end at a central core 6. When the individual radiator elements are stacked on top of one another, they form a continuous, gapless outer surface.
  • the webs 5 are designed to be relatively narrow in the radial direction, so that they offer only little resistance to an air flow flowing through the heating element in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 7 shows how the filament lies in the radiator.
  • the individual sections 8 of the heating wire helix are connected in series to one another by connections 9 which are perpendicular to the planes which define the sections 8. Since the sections 8 do not form a full circle, the connections are angularly offset from one another. They each run in the radiator through mutually offset axial channels 10, which are defined by two mutually adjacent webs 5.
  • the planes 11a and 11b of the heating wire coil are brought out axially and can also be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the third axially guided conductor 11c is at a suitable point in FIG Heating wire coil connected to branch a predetermined part of the total voltage from the heating wire coil, with which, for example, a low-voltage motor can be operated for a blower.
  • FIG. 2 shows the radiator from the air inlet side.
  • the air enters through the twelve axial channels 10 between the webs 5, flushes around the individual sections 8 of the heating wire coil and exits from the corresponding channels 10 on the downstream side.
  • the diameters of the individual turns of the heating wire coil are only insignificantly smaller than the radial diameter of a channel 10, as a result of which a large heating output can be achieved for a relatively small radiator.
  • the webs 9 of the individual radiator elements are aligned axially with one another in order to achieve the lowest possible air resistance through the channels 10. In order to facilitate this alignment with one another, the individual radiator elements 1 are provided with marking grooves 12 (see FIG. 6a).
  • Interlocking projections and recesses can also be formed in the individual radiator elements in order to be able to place these radiator elements on one another only in certain positions.
  • the central opening 13 receiving the tensioning slide 2 is square, which, in conjunction with a tensioning element which is also square in cross section, also leads to rotation prevention.
  • the tendon is formed here by a screw with a nut attached.
  • radiator elements 1 In the central core 6 are all radiator elements 1 with the exception of the last radiator located downstream elements 1g penetrated by three axial bores a, b, c 14.
  • the bore 14a opens into channels 15a and 15b which run obliquely outwards and end in channels 10 which are adjacent to one another.
  • This axial bore 14a serves to return the heating wire helix connection 10a.
  • the grooves 15a and 15b serve to receive the connections 9 between the sections 8 of the heating wire coil.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the air flow through the radiator, the individual radiator elements 1 being provided with the same letters as in FIG. 1.
  • the radiator elements 1a to 1d are identical and have no radial passages 17. These radiator elements 1 are shown in Figures 4a and 4b.
  • the radiator elements 1e and 1f are in turn identical, but differ from the radiator elements 1a to 1d in that they have radial passages 17 on their two end faces between the axial bores 14a, b, c and the region of the webs 5 and axial channels 10 between the webs 5.
  • radial passages 17 air flows out of the axial bores 14a, b, c into the region of the axial channels 10 and mixes there with air that has already been heated up strongly.
  • the flow through these radial passages 17 is ensured in that the axial bores 14a, b, c are closed by the last radiator element 1g.
  • This radiator element differs from the radiator element 1a by the lack of axial bores 14a, b, c.
  • FIG 3 shows another special feature in the arrangement of the individual radiator elements 1a to 1g.
  • the radiator elements 1e and 1f have radial passages 17 on their two end faces. After the radiator element 1e rests on a radiator element 1d that does not have a radial passage, a passage cross section of simple width results between these two radiator elements.
  • radial passages 17 come to lie on one another from both sides, there is a double cross-sectional area compared to the cross-sectional area between the radiator elements 1d and 1e. This ensures that the section 8 between the radiator elements 1e and 1f is cooled more than the section 8 located further upstream between the radiator elements 1d and 1e. If necessary, you can also provide a radial passage of the desired height in the last radiator element 1g in this sense, in order to achieve a corresponding temperature control of the heating wire coil.
  • a corresponding variation in the flow cross section of the radial passages 17 can also be achieved if, instead of the radiator elements 1e and 1f, each with radial passages on opposite sides, a radiator element is used which has such a radial passage only on one end face. In this case, one would place such a radiator element on the last closed radiator element 1d so that its radial passage is downstream. The next radiator element would also be placed in this way, while the next but one would have to have its radial passage on the upstream side in order to achieve the double flow cross section. In this constellation, however, this latter radiator element would then either have to be closed off by a disk in order to close off the axial bores 14a, b, c, which serve to guide the air, or a corresponding other measure had to be taken for this.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show in detail using a radiator element 1e how the radial passages 17 are designed. They not only extend in a narrow channel between an axial bore 14a, b, c and an adjacent axial channel 10, but take up the entire area between an inner core piece 18 and the area of the webs 5 in which only the inner core piece 18 and the outer peripheral wall 19 of the radiator element 1 is designed with maximum height and all other areas with reduced thickness. Radiator elements 1 stacked one on top of the other are therefore only in contact with one another with their hollow cylindrical ring 4 and this inner core piece 18. Due to the relatively large area of the radial through Lasse 17 is achieved that the section 8 of the heating wire coil is evenly supplied with fresh air over its entire circumference.
  • three axial bores 14a, b, c offset by 120 ° are shown. Instead of three such holes, more than three holes can of course also be provided. It is also advisable not to design the core as a solid material with axial bores, but with radial webs and air guiding channels in between, similar to the area in which the heating wire coil is located.

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Abstract

1. Electrical heater for heating a gaseous or liquid medium, with a holding device for receiving a resistance-wire coil (8, 9), the holding device consisting of individual heater elements (1) of circular cross-section, which are placed on top of one another in the axial direction and in which there are, in regions located opposite one another, recesses (7) in which the resistance-wire coil (8, 9) is located, and the outer walls (4) of the heater elements (1), when these are placed on top of one another, complementing each other to form a closed cylindrical outer wall of the holding device, characterized in that in the heater elements (1) there are webs (5) which extend radially inwards from the outer walls to a central region and have the recesses (7) for receiving the resistance-wire coil (8, 9), and which between themselves determine axial flow channels (10) for the medium to be heated, in that in the central region of the heater there is at least one further axial flow channel (14a, 14b, 14c) which is closed at the downstream end of the heater, and in that on at least one of the downstream heater elements (1e, 1f) at least one radially extending passage (17) is formed between the further axial flow channel (14a, 14b, 14c) and the axial channels (10) located between the webs (5).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Heizkörper zum Erhitzen eines Fluids, mit mehreren aufeinandergestapelten scheibenförmigen Heizkörperelementen, bei dem jeweils zwei einander benachbarte Heizkörperelemente zwischen sich eine ringförmige Ausnehmung bilden, in der jeweils ein Teilabschnitt einer Heizdrahtwendel liegt, deren einzelne Teilabschnitte elektrisch zueinander in Reihe liegen.The invention relates to an electric radiator for heating a fluid, with a plurality of stacked disc-shaped radiator elements, in each of which two adjacent radiator elements form an annular recess between them, in each of which a partial section of a heating wire coil lies, the individual partial sections of which are electrically in series with one another .

Heizkörper der oben angesprochenen Art sind beispielsweise bekannt aus der US-A-1 514 857 und der FR-A-931 619. Bei diesen Heizkörpern liegt die Heizdrahtwendel mit elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Teilabschnitten zwischen einzelnen scheibenformigen Heizkörperelementen, die an den außen liegenden Zylinderflächen Öffnungsschlitze aufweisen, über die die Heizdrahtwendel Kontakt mit dem zu erwärmenden Fluid erhält. Da die Heizdrahtwendel bei diesen Heizkörpern durch das Fluid relativ schlecht umspült wird, liegt die abgebbare Heizleistung auch bei maximaler Temperatur, mit der die Heizdrahtwendel belastbar ist, relativ niedrig.Radiators of the type mentioned above are known, for example, from US-A-1 514 857 and FR-A-931 619. In these radiators, the filament with intermediate sections electrically connected in series lies between The individual disc-shaped radiator elements, which have opening slots on the outer cylindrical surfaces, via which the heating wire coil is in contact with the fluid to be heated. Since the heating wire filament is relatively poorly washed around by the fluid in these radiators, the heat output that can be output is relatively low even at the maximum temperature with which the heating wire filament can be loaded.

Es ist zwar beispielsweise aus der FR-A-1 268 738 bereits bekannt, die Heizspirale auf einen sternförmiger Träger aufzuspannen, so daß sie spiralförmig in einer Ebene zu liegen kommt und sie senkrecht zu dieser Ebene zu durchströmen, jedoch lassen sich mit einer solchen Anordnung keine hohen Temperaturen des zu erwärmenden Fluids erzielen.It is already known, for example from FR-A-1 268 738, to clamp the heating coil on a star-shaped support so that it comes to lie in a spiral in one plane and to flow through it perpendicular to this plane, but can be done with such an arrangement do not achieve high temperatures of the fluid to be heated.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Heizkörper der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der bei relativ kompakter Bauweise eine hohe Heizleistung ermöglicht.The present invention has for its object to provide a radiator of the type mentioned, which enables a high heating output with a relatively compact design.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Bei dem obigen Heizkörper wird das zu erwärmende Fluid. sei es ein Gas, ein Gasgemisch, Luft oder eine Flüssigkeit, in Ebenen durch die Heizdrahtwendel geführt, auf denen die Achse der Heizdrahtwendel im wesentlichen senkrecht steht. Dabei ergibt sich eine sehr gute Umspülung der Heizdrahtwendel und demzufolge ein ausgezeichneter Wärmetausch. Die Heizdrahtwendel kann dadurch bei vorgegebener Temperatur eine hohe Heizleistung abgeben, wodurch sich relativ kleine Bauformen ergeben. Trotz kompakter Bauweise ist bei diesem Heizkörper durch die Anordnung der Heizdrahtwendel auf im Verhältnis zum Strömungsquerschnitt schmalen Stegen ein relativ geringer Strömungswiderstand erzielbar. Dieser ermöglicht die Verwendung von leise arbeitenden Gebläsen mit geringer Leistung, was die erfindungsgemäßen Heizkörper besonders bei Haushalt- und Heimwerkergeräten attraktiv macht.In the above radiator, the fluid to be heated becomes. be it a gas, a gas mixture, air or a liquid, in planes through the filament, on which the axis of the filament is substantially perpendicular. This results in a very good washing of the filament and consequently an excellent heat exchange. As a result, the heating wire coil can emit a high heating power at a given temperature, which results in relatively small designs. Despite its compact design, this radiator is characterized by Arrangement of the heating wire coil on webs which are narrow in relation to the flow cross section can achieve a relatively low flow resistance. This enables the use of quietly operating fans with low output, which makes the radiators according to the invention particularly attractive for household and do-it-yourself devices.

Da bei dem vorliegenden Heizkörper die einzelnen Teilabschnitte der Heizdrahtwendel von dem in den Heizkörper eintretenden Fluid nacheinander durchströmt werden, erfährt das Fluid eine mehrfache Erwärmung, wodurch sehr hohe Temperaturen des zu erhitzenden Fluids erzielbar sind. Der Temperaturanstieg des Fluids über die Länge des Heizkörpers führt jedoch dazu, daß die stromabwärts liegenden Teilabschnitte weniger stark gekühlt werden als die stromaufwärts liegenden, weil das Fluid dort bereits mit relativ hoher Temperatur ankommt. Zur optimalen Nutzung der Heizcrahtwendel auf ihrer gesamten Länge ist es wünschenswert, daß sie überall möglichst gleiche Temperatur erreichen würde. Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 gelöst. Mittels der radial verlaufenden Durchlässe zwischen der axialen Öffnung und den zwischen den Stegen liegenden Durchbrüchen in den stromabwärts liegenden Heizkörperelementen werden die Teilabschnitte der Heizdrahtwendel, die dem stromabwärts liegenden Ende des Heizkörpers benachbart sind und sich normalerweise stärker aufheizen, durch zusätzliche Zufuhr von Fluid niedrigerer Temperatur (Umgebungstemperatur oder leicht erhöhte Umgebungstemperatur) thermisch entlastet. Diese thermische Entlastung ist nicht nur darauf zurückzuführen, daß der Heizdrahtwendel Fluid niedrigerer Temperatur zugeführt wird, sondern wesentlich auch darauf, daß die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit durch die zusätzliche Fluidzufuhr erhöht wird.Since in the present radiator the individual sections of the heating wire filament are flowed through in succession by the fluid entering the radiator, the fluid undergoes multiple heating, so that very high temperatures of the fluid to be heated can be achieved. However, the temperature rise of the fluid over the length of the radiator means that the downstream sections are cooled less than the upstream sections because the fluid arrives there at a relatively high temperature. For optimal use of the heating wire coil over its entire length, it is desirable that it would reach the same temperature as possible everywhere. This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 2. By means of the radially extending passages between the axial opening and the openings between the webs in the downstream radiator elements, the sections of the heating wire coil which are adjacent to the downstream end of the radiator and which usually heat up more are provided by additional supply of fluid of lower temperature ( Ambient temperature or slightly increased ambient temperature). This thermal relief is not only due to the fact that the heating wire filament fluid is supplied at a lower temperature, but essentially also that the flow rate is increased by the additional fluid supply.

Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 2 führt zu einer zusätzlichen Nivellierung der Temperatur in Strömungsrichtung. Durch den größeren Querschnitt des stromabwärts gelegenen Durchmessers wird dort mehr kühleres Fluid zugeführt, wodurch der stromabwärts gelegene Teilabschnitt der Heizdrahtwendel einerseits durch das bereits vorgeheizte Fluid weniger stark gekühlt, andererseits aber durch die größere Menge an zugesetztem kühlen Fluid stärker gekühlt wird als der benachbarte stromaufwärts liegende Teilabschnitt.The development according to claim 2 leads to an additional leveling of the temperature in the direction of flow. Due to the larger cross-section of the downstream diameter, more cooler fluid is fed in, which means that the downstream section of the heating wire filament is less cooled on the one hand by the already preheated fluid, but on the other hand is more strongly cooled by the larger amount of added coolant than the neighboring upstream one Subsection.

Anspruch 4 bezieht sich auf eine Weiterbildung, die es auf äußerst einfache Weise erlaubt, den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 3 zu realisieren, nämlich die Querschnittsflachen der radialen Durchlässe zu variieren, indem Heizkörperelemente se aufeinander gelegt werden, daß sich zum Erreichen eines größeren Querschnitts zwei benachtarte Durchlässe zu einem Durchlaß mit deppeltem Strömungsquerschnitt ergänzen.Claim 4 relates to a further development, which allows the object of claim 3 to be realized in an extremely simple manner, namely to vary the cross-sectional areas of the radial passages by placing radiator elements on top of one another in such a way that to achieve a larger cross-section, two adjacent passages add to a passage with a double flow cross-section.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung ergibt sich aus dem Gegenstand des Anspruchs 5. Nach diesem Anspruch liegen diejenigen Heizkörperelemente, die einen radialen Durchlaß aufweisen, lediglich im Bereich des zentralen Kerns und an der zylindrischen Außenfläche aneinander an. Dadurch bildet die gesamte Querschnittsfläche zwischen der zylindrischen Außenwand und dem zentralen Kern einen gemeinsamen radialen Durchtruch, der alle axialen Öffnungen miteinander verbindet.A particularly advantageous further development results from the subject matter of claim 5. According to this claim, those radiator elements which have a radial passage lie only against one another in the region of the central core and on the cylindrical outer surface. As a result, the entire cross-sectional area between the cylindrical outer wall and the central core forms a common radial passage which connects all the axial openings to one another.

Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 6 dient ebenfalls dazu, die Temperatur in den einzelnen Teilabschnitten der Heizdrahtwendel möglichst konstant zu halten. Diese Maßnahme kann zusätzlich zu der Maßnahme nach Anspruch 2 getroffen werden, aber auch ohne diese Maßnahme.The development according to claim 6 also serves to keep the temperature in the individual sections of the heating wire helix as constant as possible. This measure can be taken in addition to the measure according to claim 2, but also without this measure.

Durch die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 7 wird eine sehr einfache Möglichkeit zur elektrischen Verbindung der einzelnen Teilabschnitte der Heizdrahtwendel angegeben, die keinen zusätzlichen konstruktiven Aufwand erfordert und auch eine einfache Montage der Heizdrahtwendel erlaubt.Through the development according to claim 7, a very simple possibility for the electrical connection of the individual sections of the heating wire coil is specified, which does not require any additional design effort and also allows simple mounting of the heating wire coil.

Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung im folgenden näher erläutert.Based on an embodiment shown in the drawing, the invention is explained in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht eines fertig montierten Heizkörpers;
  • Figur 2 die Draufsicht auf die Strömungseinlaßseite des Heizkörpers nach Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 einen Querschnitt durch den Heizkörper nach den Figuren 1 und 2 ohne die Haltevorrichtung für den Heizkörper und ohne die Heizdrahtwendel;
  • Figur 4a und 4b eine Draufsicht auf und einen Schnitt durch ein erstes Heizkörperelement ohne rradialen Durchlaß;
  • Figur 5a und 5t eine Draufsicht auf und einen Schnitt durch ein zweites Heizkörperelement mit radialen Durchlässen auf beiden Seiten;
  • Figur 6a und 6b eine Draufsicht auf und einen Schnitt durch ein drittes Heizkörperelement;
  • Figur 7 eine perspektivische Darstellung der im Heizkörper enthaltenen Heizdrahtwendel.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a fully assembled radiator;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the flow inlet side of the heater of Figure 1;
  • 3 shows a cross section through the heating element according to FIGS. 1 and 2 without the holding device for the heating element and without the heating wire coil;
  • Figure 4a and 4b are a plan view and a section through a first radiator element without radial passage;
  • Figures 5a and 5t are a plan view and a section through a second radiator element with radial passages on both sides;
  • Figures 6a and 6b are a plan view and a section through a third radiator element;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the filament contained in the heating element.

In der Figur 1 ist ein Heizkörper dargestellt, der sieben aufeinandergestapelte Heizkörperelemente 1 aufweist, die durch ein sie zentral durchsetzendes Spannglied 2 zusammengehalten sind. Dieser Heizkörper ist auf einer einen Ringflansch aufweisenden Montageeinheit 3 gelagert.FIG. 1 shows a radiator which has seven radiator elements 1 stacked one on top of the other, which are penetrated centrally by a tension link 2 are held together. This radiator is mounted on a mounting unit 3 having an annular flange.

Die Heizkörperelemente 1, von denen einzelne Ausführungsformen in den Figuren 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b und 6a, 6b dargestellt sind, bestehen aus keramischem oder anderem hitzebeständigen Material. Sie weisen einen hohlzylindrischen Ring 4 auf, an den sich nach innen radial verlaufende Stege 5 anschließen, die an einem zentralen Kern 6 enden. Im aufeinandergestapelten zustand der einzelnen Heizkörperelemente bilden sie eine durchgehende spaltenlose Mantelfläche. Die Stege 5 sind in radialer Richtung relativ schmal ausgebildet, so daß sie einem den Heizkörper in axialer Richtung durchfließenden Luftstrom nur geringen Widerstand entgegensetzen. Sie weisen an ihren Berandungen etwa halbkreisförmige Ausnehmungen 7 auf, die sich bei aufeinandergestapelten Heizkörperelementen 1 zu einer rund umlaufenden ringförmigen Ausnehmung ergänzen, in die einzelne Teilabschnitte 8 einer Heizdrahtwendel, wie sie in Figur 7 dargestellt ist, eingebettet sind. Figur 7 zeigt, wie die Heizdrahtwendel im Heizkörper liegt. Die einzelnen Teilabschnitte 8 der Heizdrahtwendel sind durch senkrecht auf den Ebenen, die die Teilabschnitte 8 definieren, stehenden Verbindungen 9 zueinander in Reihe geschaltet. Da die Teilabschnitte 8 keinen ganzen Vollkreis bilden, sind die Verbindungen winkelmäßig gegeneinander versetzt. Sie verlaufen im Heizkörper jeweils durch gegeneinander versetzte axiale Kanäle 10, die durch zwei einander benachbarte Stege 5 definiert sind. Die Ebenen 11a und 11b der Heizdrahtwendel sind axial herausgeführt und auch aus den Figuren 1 und 2 ersichtlich. Der dritte axial herausgeführte Leiter 11c ist an einer geeigneten Stelle der Heizdrahtwendel angeschlossen, um einen vorgegebenen Teil der Gesamtspannung von der Heizdrahtwendel abzuzweigen,womit beispielsweise ein Niederspannungsmotor für ein Gebläse betreibbar ist.The radiator elements 1, of which individual embodiments are shown in Figures 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b, consist of ceramic or other heat-resistant material. They have a hollow cylindrical ring 4, to which are connected webs 5 which run radially inwards and which end at a central core 6. When the individual radiator elements are stacked on top of one another, they form a continuous, gapless outer surface. The webs 5 are designed to be relatively narrow in the radial direction, so that they offer only little resistance to an air flow flowing through the heating element in the axial direction. They have approximately semicircular recesses 7 on their edges, which, when the radiator elements 1 are stacked one on top of the other, form an all-round annular recess into which individual sections 8 of a heating wire coil, as shown in FIG. 7, are embedded. Figure 7 shows how the filament lies in the radiator. The individual sections 8 of the heating wire helix are connected in series to one another by connections 9 which are perpendicular to the planes which define the sections 8. Since the sections 8 do not form a full circle, the connections are angularly offset from one another. They each run in the radiator through mutually offset axial channels 10, which are defined by two mutually adjacent webs 5. The planes 11a and 11b of the heating wire coil are brought out axially and can also be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2. The third axially guided conductor 11c is at a suitable point in FIG Heating wire coil connected to branch a predetermined part of the total voltage from the heating wire coil, with which, for example, a low-voltage motor can be operated for a blower.

Figur 2 zeigt den Heizkörper von der Lufteinlaßseite her. Die Luft tritt durch die zwölf axialen Kanäle 10 zwischen den Stegen 5 ein, umspült dabei die einzelnen Teilabschnitte 8 der Heizdrahtwendel und tritt auf der stromabwärts gerichteten Seite aus entsprechenden Kanälen 10 wieder aus. Die Durchmesser der einzelnen Windungen der Heizdrahtwendel sind nur unwesentlich kleiner als der radiale Durchmesser eines Kanals 10, wodurch eine große Heizleistung für einen relativ kleinen Heizkörper erzielbar ist. Die Stege 9 der einzelnen Heizkörperelemente sind axial aufeinander ausgerichtet, um einen möglichst gerinen Luftwiderstand durch die Kanäle 10 zu erreichen. Um dieses aufeinander Ausrichten zu erleichtern, sind die einzelnen Heizkörperelemente 1 mit Markierungsrillen 12 (siehe Figur 6a) versehen. Es können auch ineinandergreifende Vorsprünge und Ausnehmungen in den einzelnen Heizkörperelementen ausgebildet sein, um diese Heizkörperelemente nur in bestimmten Stellungen aufeinandersetzen zu können. Im vorliegender Fall ist die das Spanngleid 2 aufnehmende zentrale Öffnung 13 quadratisch ausgebildet, was in Verbindung mit einem ebenfalls im Querschnitt quadratischen Spannglied auch zur Verdrehsicherung führt. Das Spannglied ist hier durch eine Schraube mit aufgesetzter Mutter ausgebildet.Figure 2 shows the radiator from the air inlet side. The air enters through the twelve axial channels 10 between the webs 5, flushes around the individual sections 8 of the heating wire coil and exits from the corresponding channels 10 on the downstream side. The diameters of the individual turns of the heating wire coil are only insignificantly smaller than the radial diameter of a channel 10, as a result of which a large heating output can be achieved for a relatively small radiator. The webs 9 of the individual radiator elements are aligned axially with one another in order to achieve the lowest possible air resistance through the channels 10. In order to facilitate this alignment with one another, the individual radiator elements 1 are provided with marking grooves 12 (see FIG. 6a). Interlocking projections and recesses can also be formed in the individual radiator elements in order to be able to place these radiator elements on one another only in certain positions. In the present case, the central opening 13 receiving the tensioning slide 2 is square, which, in conjunction with a tensioning element which is also square in cross section, also leads to rotation prevention. The tendon is formed here by a screw with a nut attached.

Im zentralen Kern 6 sind alle Heizkörperelemente 1 mit Ausnahme des stromabwärts gelegenen letzten Heizkörperelements 1g von drei axialen Bohrungen a, b, c 14 durchsetzt. Die Bohrung 14a mündet in schräg nach außen verlaufenden Rinnen 15a und 15b, die in zueinander benachbarten Kanälen 10 enden. Diese axiale Bohrung 14a dient der Rückführung des Heizdrahtwendelanschlusses 10a. Die Rinnen 15a und 15b dienen zur Aufnahme der Verbindungen 9 zwischen den Teilabschnitten 8 der Heizdrahtwendel.In the central core 6 are all radiator elements 1 with the exception of the last radiator located downstream elements 1g penetrated by three axial bores a, b, c 14. The bore 14a opens into channels 15a and 15b which run obliquely outwards and end in channels 10 which are adjacent to one another. This axial bore 14a serves to return the heating wire helix connection 10a. The grooves 15a and 15b serve to receive the connections 9 between the sections 8 of the heating wire coil.

Die Bohrungen 14a, b, c dienen dazu, den stromabwärts gelegenen Teilabschnitten 8 der Heizdrahtwendel über radiale Durchlässe 17 kühle Luft zuzuführen. Ohne diese "Frischluftzufuhr" würden sich die stromabwärts gelegenen Teilabschnitte 8 der Heizdrahtwendel stärker aufheizen, als die weiter stromaufwärts gelegenen, da sie von bereits aufgeheizter Luft umspült werden. Die Heizdrahtwendel könnte damit nicht optimal genutzt werden. Durch diese "Frischluftzufuhr" an den Stellen der stromabwärts gelegenen Teilabschnitte 8 der Heizdrahtwendel gelingt es jedoch, die Heizdrahtwendel auf ihrer gesamten Länge mit annähernd gleicher Temperatur zu betreiben. Figur 3 zeigt schematisch die Luftströmung durch den Heizkörper, wobei die einzelnen Heizkörperelemente 1 mit denselben Buchstaben wie in Figur 1 versehen sind. Die Heizkörperelemente 1a bis 1d sind identisch ausgebildet und weisen keine radialen Durchlässe 17 auf. Diese Heizkörperelemente 1 sind in den Figuren 4a und 4b dargestellt. Die Heizkörperelemente 1e und 1f sind unter sich wiederum gleich, unterscheiden sich jedoch von den Heizkörperelementen 1a bis 1d dadurch, daß sie auf ihren beiden Stirnflächen radiale Durchlässe 17 zwischen den axialen Bohrungen 14a, b, c und dem Bereich der Stege 5 und axialen Kanälen 10 zwischen den Stegen 5 aufweisen. Durch diese radialen Durchlässe 17 strömt Luft aus den axialen Bohrungen 14a, b, c in den Bereich der axialen Kanäle 10 und vermischt sich dort mit bereits stark aufgeheizter Luft. Die Strömung durch diese radialen Durchlässe 17 wird dadurch sichergestellt, daß die axialen Bohrungen 14a, b, c durch das letzte Heizkörperelement 1g abgeschlossen sind. Dieses Heizkörperelement unterscheidet sich von dem Heizkörperelement 1a durch die fehlenden axialen Bohrungen 14a, b, c.The bores 14a, b, c serve to supply cool air to the downstream sections 8 of the heating wire coil via radial passages 17. Without this "fresh air supply", the downstream sections 8 of the heating wire filament would heat up more than those further upstream, since they are flushed with air that has already been heated. The filament could not be used optimally. However, this "fresh air supply" at the locations of the downstream sections 8 of the heating wire coil makes it possible to operate the heating wire coil over its entire length at approximately the same temperature. FIG. 3 schematically shows the air flow through the radiator, the individual radiator elements 1 being provided with the same letters as in FIG. 1. The radiator elements 1a to 1d are identical and have no radial passages 17. These radiator elements 1 are shown in Figures 4a and 4b. The radiator elements 1e and 1f are in turn identical, but differ from the radiator elements 1a to 1d in that they have radial passages 17 on their two end faces between the axial bores 14a, b, c and the region of the webs 5 and axial channels 10 between the webs 5. Through these radial passages 17, air flows out of the axial bores 14a, b, c into the region of the axial channels 10 and mixes there with air that has already been heated up strongly. The flow through these radial passages 17 is ensured in that the axial bores 14a, b, c are closed by the last radiator element 1g. This radiator element differs from the radiator element 1a by the lack of axial bores 14a, b, c.

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Besonderheit in der Anordnung der einzelnen Heizkörperelemente 1a bis 1g. Wie bereits oben ausgeführt, haben die Heizkörperelemente 1e und 1f radiale Durchlässe 17 auf ihren beiden Stirnflächen. Nachdem das Heizkörperelement 1e auf einem keinen radialen Durchlaß aufweisenden Heizkörperelement 1d aufliegt, ergibt sich zwischen diesen beiden Heizkörperelementen ein Durchlaßquerschnitt einfacher Breite. Da hingegen bei den Heizkörperelementen 1e und 1f radiale Durchlässe 17 von beiden Seiten aufeinander zu liegen kommen, ergibt sich dort eine doppelte Querschnittsfläche gegenüber der Querschnittsfläche zwischen den Heizkörperelementen 1d und 1e. Damit wird erreicht, daß der Teilabschnitt 8 zwischen den Heizkörperelementen 1e und 1f stärker gekühlt wird, als der weiter stromaufwärts liegende Teilabschnitt 8 zwischen den Heizkörperelementen 1d und 1e. Erforderlichenfalls kann man in diesem Sinn auch einen radialen Durchlaß gewünschter Höhe im letzten Heizkörperelement 1g versehen, um dort eine entsprechende Temperierung der Heizdrahtwendel zu erreichen.Figure 3 shows another special feature in the arrangement of the individual radiator elements 1a to 1g. As already explained above, the radiator elements 1e and 1f have radial passages 17 on their two end faces. After the radiator element 1e rests on a radiator element 1d that does not have a radial passage, a passage cross section of simple width results between these two radiator elements. On the other hand, since in the radiator elements 1e and 1f radial passages 17 come to lie on one another from both sides, there is a double cross-sectional area compared to the cross-sectional area between the radiator elements 1d and 1e. This ensures that the section 8 between the radiator elements 1e and 1f is cooled more than the section 8 located further upstream between the radiator elements 1d and 1e. If necessary, you can also provide a radial passage of the desired height in the last radiator element 1g in this sense, in order to achieve a corresponding temperature control of the heating wire coil.

Eine entsprechende Variation des Strömungsquerschnitts der radialen Durchlässe 17 läßt sich auch dann erreichen, wenn statt der Heizkörperelemente 1e und 1f mit jeweils radialen Durchlässen auf einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten ein Heizkörperelement verwendet wird, das nur auf einer Stirnseite einen solchen radialen Durchlaß aufweist. In diesem Fall würde man auf das letzte geschlossene Heizkörperelement 1d ein solches Heizkörperelement so aufsetzen, daß sein radialer Durchlaß stromabwärts liegt. Auch das nächste Heizkörperelement würde so aufgesetzt werden, während das übernächste zur Erreichung des doppelten Strömungsquerschnittes seinen radialen Druchlaß auf der stromaufwärts liegenden Seite haben müßte. Bei dieser Konstellation müßte allerdings dann dieses letztgenannte Heizkörperelement entweder von einer Scheibe abgeschlossen werden, um die axialen Bohrungen 14a, b, c, die der Luftführung dienen, zu verschließen oder es mußte dafür eine entsprechende andere Maßnahme getroffen werden.A corresponding variation in the flow cross section of the radial passages 17 can also be achieved if, instead of the radiator elements 1e and 1f, each with radial passages on opposite sides, a radiator element is used which has such a radial passage only on one end face. In this case, one would place such a radiator element on the last closed radiator element 1d so that its radial passage is downstream. The next radiator element would also be placed in this way, while the next but one would have to have its radial passage on the upstream side in order to achieve the double flow cross section. In this constellation, however, this latter radiator element would then either have to be closed off by a disk in order to close off the axial bores 14a, b, c, which serve to guide the air, or a corresponding other measure had to be taken for this.

Die Figuren 5a und 5b zeigen im einzelnen anhand eines Heizkörperelements 1e, wie die radialen Durchlässe 17 ausgebildet sind. Sie erstrecken sich nicht nur in einem schmalen Kanal zwischen einer axialen Bohrung 14a, b, c und einem dazu benachbarten axialen Kanal 10, sondern nehmen die gesamte Fläche zwischen einem inneren Kernstück 18 und dem Bereich der Stege 5 ein, in dem lediglich das innere Kernstück 18 und die äußere Umfangswandung 19 des Heizkörperelements 1 mit maximaler Höhe ausgebildet ist und alle übrigen Bereiche mit verminderter Dicke. Aufeinandergestapelte Heizkörperelemente 1 liegen deshalb nur mit ihre, hohlzylindrischen Ring 4 und diesem inneren Kernstück 18 aneinander an. Durch die relativ große Fläche der radialen Durchlässe 17 wird erreicht, daß der Teilabschnitt 8 der Heizdrahtwendel an seinem gesamten Umfang gleichmäßig mit Frischluft versorgt wird.FIGS. 5a and 5b show in detail using a radiator element 1e how the radial passages 17 are designed. They not only extend in a narrow channel between an axial bore 14a, b, c and an adjacent axial channel 10, but take up the entire area between an inner core piece 18 and the area of the webs 5 in which only the inner core piece 18 and the outer peripheral wall 19 of the radiator element 1 is designed with maximum height and all other areas with reduced thickness. Radiator elements 1 stacked one on top of the other are therefore only in contact with one another with their hollow cylindrical ring 4 and this inner core piece 18. Due to the relatively large area of the radial through Lasse 17 is achieved that the section 8 of the heating wire coil is evenly supplied with fresh air over its entire circumference.

In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind drei um jeweils 120° versetzte axiale Bohrungen 14a, b, c gezeigt. Statt drei solchen Bohrungen können natürlich auch mehr als drei Bohrungen vorgesehen werden. Es bietet sich auch an, den Kern nicht als Vollmaterial mit axialen Bohrungen auszubilden, sondern mit radialen Stegen und dazwischen liegenden Luftführungskanälen, ähnlich dem Bereich, in dem die Heizdrahtwendel liegt.In the exemplary embodiment shown, three axial bores 14a, b, c offset by 120 ° are shown. Instead of three such holes, more than three holes can of course also be provided. It is also advisable not to design the core as a solid material with axial bores, but with radial webs and air guiding channels in between, similar to the area in which the heating wire coil is located.

Um die Temperatur der Heizdrahtwendel auf ihrer gesamten Länge annähernd konstant zu halten, ist es auch möglich, die Windungsabstände der Heizdrahtwendel zu variieren, was sehr einfach beim Bestücken der einzelnen Heizkörperelemente mit der Heizdrahtwendel dadurch erfolgen kann, daß man in den stromabwärts liegenden Teilabschnitten die Heizdrahtwendel von Hand einfach entsprechend weit streckt. Je weiter die einzelnen Windungen auseinanderliegen, um sc geringer ist die thermische Belastung der Heizdrahtwencel. Diese Maßnahme reicht möglicherweise auch ohne die oben beschriebene Frischluftzufuhr bereits aus, um eine ausreichende Nivellierung der Temperatur zu erreichen. Eine Kombination dieser beiden Maßnahmen ist dann sinnvoll, wenn bei sehr kompakter Bauweise und hcher thermischer Belastung der Heizdrahtwendel eine sehr genaue Einstellung der Temperatur auf die gesamte Länge der Heizdrahtwendel erforderlich ist.In order to keep the temperature of the heating wire coil approximately constant over its entire length, it is also possible to vary the spacing of the turns of the heating wire coil, which can be done very easily when equipping the individual heating element elements with the heating wire coil in that the heating wire coil is located in the downstream sections simply stretches accordingly far by hand. The farther apart the individual turns are, the lower the thermal load on the heating wire lencel is. Even without the fresh air supply described above, this measure may already be sufficient to achieve a sufficient leveling of the temperature. A combination of these two measures makes sense if, with a very compact design and high thermal stress on the heating wire coil, a very precise setting of the temperature over the entire length of the heating wire coil is required.

Claims (7)

1. Elektrischer Heizkörper zum Erhitzen eines Fluids, mit mehreren aufeinandergestapelten scheibenförmigen Heizkörperelementen (1), bei dem jeweils zwei einander benachbarte Heizkörperelemente (1) zwischen sich eine ringförmige Ausnehmung (7) bilden, in der jeweils ein Teilabschnitt (8) einer Heizdrahtwendel liegt, deren einzelne Teilabschnitte elektrisch zueinander in Reihe liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die aufeinandergestapelten Heizkörperelemente (1) eine geschlossene zylindrische Mantelfläche (4) bilden, daß zwischen der Mantelfläche (4) und einem Mittelteil (6) radial verlaufende Stege (5) mit dazwischen liegenden axialen Kanälen (10) ausgebildet sind, und daß die ringförmige Ausnehmung (7) zur Aufnahme der Teilabschnitte (8) der Heizdrahtwendel im Bereich der radialen Stege ausgebildet ist.1. Electric radiator for heating a fluid, with a plurality of stacked disc-shaped radiator elements (1), in each of which two adjacent radiator elements (1) form an annular recess (7) between them, in each of which a partial section (8) of a heating wire coil lies, whose individual sections are electrically in series with one another, characterized in that the stacked radiator elements (1) form a closed cylindrical jacket surface (4), that between the jacket surface (4) and a central part (6) radially extending webs (5) with intermediate axial channels (10) are formed, and that the ring Shaped recess (7) for receiving the sections (8) of the heating wire coil is formed in the region of the radial webs. 2. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß im Mittelteil (6) wenigstens eine axiale Öffnung (14a, b, c) ausgebildet ist, die am stromabwärts gelegenen Ende des Heizkörpers geschlossen ist, daß an wenigstens einem der stromabwärts gelegenen Heizkörperelemente (1e, 1f) wenigstens ein radial verlaufender Durchlaß (17) zwischen der axialen Öffnung (14a, b, c) und den zwischen den Stegen (5) liegenden axialen Kanälen (10) ausgebildet ist.2. Radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that in the central part (6) at least one axial opening (14a, b, c) is formed, which is closed at the downstream end of the radiator, that at least one of the downstream radiator elements (1e , 1f) at least one radially extending passage (17) is formed between the axial opening (14a, b, c) and the axial channels (10) lying between the webs (5). 3. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens zwei in Strömungsrichtung aufeinanderfolgende radiale Durchlässe (17), deren stromabwärts liegender Durchlaß einen größeren Querschnitt als der stromaufwärts liegende Durchlaß aufweist.3. Radiator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by at least two successive radial passages (17) in the flow direction, the downstream passage has a larger cross section than the upstream passage. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der radiale Durchlaß (17) im axialen stirnseitigen Bereich des Heizkörperelements (1) ausgebildet ist.Radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial passage (17) is formed in the axial end region of the radiator element (1). 5. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizkörperelement (1) zur Bildung des radialen Durchlasses (17) im wesentlichen im gesamten Bereich zwischen der zylindrischen Mantelfläche (4) und einem zentralen Kern (6) mit verringerter Dicke ausgebildet ist.5. Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the radiator element (1) to form the radial passage (17) substantially in the entire area between the cylindrical outer surface (4) and a central core (6) with reduced thickness is trained. 6. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Windungsabstände der Heizdrahtwendel stromabwärts zunehmend ausgebildet sind.6. Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the turns of the heating wire filament are increasingly formed downstream. 7. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Teilabschnitte (8) der Heizdrahtwendel einen nahezu geschlossenen Kreis bilden, und daß die Verbindungen (9) zwischen jeweils zwei Teilabschnitten (8) in einander jeweils benachbarten Heizkörperelementen (1) jeweils durch gegeneinander radial versetzte axiale Kanäle (10) geführt sind.7. Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sections (8) of the heating wire coil form an almost closed circle, and that the connections (9) between two sections (8) in mutually adjacent radiator elements (1) are each guided through axially offset axial channels (10).
EP84102135A 1983-04-22 1984-02-29 Electrical heating element Expired EP0126858B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84102135T ATE31136T1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-02-29 ELECTRIC RADIATOR.
FI841317A FI75462C (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-02 ELUPPVAERMNINGSANORDNING.
DK178884A DK178884A (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-05 ELECTRIC HEATER
AU26899/84A AU2689984A (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-17 Electric fluid heater
NO841601A NO841601L (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-18 ELECTRIC HEATER.
BR8401850A BR8401850A (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-18 ELECTRIC HEATING BODY
ES531798A ES531798A0 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-18 ELECTRIC RADIATOR FOR HEATING A FLUID

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EP83103976 1983-04-22
EP83103976A EP0123698B1 (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Electric heating element for heating a fluid

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EP0126858B1 EP0126858B1 (en) 1987-11-25

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EP84102135A Expired EP0126858B1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-02-29 Electrical heating element

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AT (1) ATE17297T1 (en)
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DE (2) DE3361675D1 (en)
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EP0242340A2 (en) * 1986-04-18 1987-10-21 Gaetano Piazzola Modular element heat exchanger, particularly for extrusion cylinders, injection molding machines, drawing machines and the like plastics processing machines
EP0242340A3 (en) * 1986-04-18 1989-08-16 Gaetano Piazzola Modular element heat exchanger, particularly for extrusion cylinders, injection molding machines, drawing machines and the like plastics processing machines

Also Published As

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DE3467847D1 (en) 1988-01-07
NO153789B (en) 1986-02-10
JPS6035489A (en) 1985-02-23
NO833004L (en) 1984-10-23
NO153789C (en) 1986-05-28
JPS59203392A (en) 1984-11-17
DK492483A (en) 1984-10-23
EP0123698A1 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0123698B1 (en) 1986-01-02
FI832814A (en) 1984-10-23
DE3361675D1 (en) 1986-02-13
ZA842952B (en) 1984-11-28
AU1810383A (en) 1984-10-25
DK492483D0 (en) 1983-10-27
JPH0358157B2 (en) 1991-09-04
BR8306525A (en) 1985-03-12
AU567504B2 (en) 1987-11-26
FI75463B (en) 1988-02-29
FI75463C (en) 1988-06-09
JPH0226357B2 (en) 1990-06-08
ATE17297T1 (en) 1986-01-15
EP0126858B1 (en) 1987-11-25
ZA836088B (en) 1984-08-29
FI832814A0 (en) 1983-08-04

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