EP0126733A1 - Dispositif de chauffage electrique permettant de chauffer un filtre de combustible d'un moteur diesel - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage electrique permettant de chauffer un filtre de combustible d'un moteur diesel

Info

Publication number
EP0126733A1
EP0126733A1 EP83902844A EP83902844A EP0126733A1 EP 0126733 A1 EP0126733 A1 EP 0126733A1 EP 83902844 A EP83902844 A EP 83902844A EP 83902844 A EP83902844 A EP 83902844A EP 0126733 A1 EP0126733 A1 EP 0126733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
filter
manifold
heater
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83902844A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin John Pakula
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Werke GmbH
Ford Motor Co Ltd
Ford Motor Co
Original Assignee
Ford Werke GmbH
Ford Motor Co Ltd
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Werke GmbH, Ford Motor Co Ltd, Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Werke GmbH
Publication of EP0126733A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126733A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/30—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to a diesel engine. More particularly, it relates to a heater unit that can be readily applied to a diesel engine having a spin-on type fuel filter.
  • Muller, U.S. 2,902,158 shows a unit fuel filter connected to a fuel manifold and having a centrally located heater unit surrounded by a number of candle type filter elements.
  • the fuel flows from outside to inside the filter prior to being heated.
  • Low temperature fuel may form wax crystals on the outside of the filter and plug it prior to the heater element being effective to prevent the same.
  • Prier U.S. 3,463,317, merely shows the use of an adapter or spacer between an oil manifold and a spin-on type oil filter to reroute incoming oil to a cooler prior to entering the filter.
  • U.S. 3,550,781 shows a fuel vaporizing unit having a spacer element between a filter and liquid fuel.
  • the spacer contains a heater coil; however, the unit is not adaptable as a simple insert between a diesel engine fuel manifold and spin-on filter.
  • 4,304,987 shows an elec ⁇ trical heater including a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) element joined to a constant wattage (C ) element by a carbon black composition in a ⁇ anner such that when electrical current is supplied to the two elements, a relatively constant source of heat is produced up to a predetermined temperature level or switch point, whereupon the heater becomes self-regulating, thereby eliminating the need for a separate shut-off switch to control the heat outpu .
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • C constant wattage
  • None of the above constructions provide a simple cartridge type heater unit that can easily be inserted between a conventional diesel engine fuel manifold and its
  • OMPI spin-on type fuel filter or, alternatively, a heater unit that can easily be incorporated directly into the fuel filter fuel manifold, and made operative simply by connect ⁇ ing the leads from the heater to the engine electrical system.
  • the construc ⁇ tion generally requires a specific installation that does not lend itself to a retrofit installation on other vehicles without a complete modification of the original structure. It is a primary object of this invention, there ⁇ fore, to provide a diesel fuel oil heater unit that can readily be applied to diesel engine vehicles employing spin-on type fuel oil filters.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a fuel oil heater unit totally contained in the fuel ⁇ anifold itself.
  • OMPI F igure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a diesel engine fuel filter/heater unit embodying the invention
  • Fig ure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on a plane indicated by and viewed in the direction of the ar rows II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cros s-sectional view of an alter na ⁇ tive embodiment of the invention taken on a plane indicated by and viewed in the dir ection of the arrows II I-III of Fig ure 4; and , Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views taken on planes indicated by and viewed in the direction of the arrows IV- IV and V-V of Figures 3 and 4 , respect ively .
  • Figure 1 shows a diesel engine fuel f ilter assembly 10 . It includes a base cover unit 12 that def ines a fuel mani fold having a fuel inlet passage 14 and an outlet passage 16. Inle t passage 14 is intersected by an annular plenum chamber 18 that is matingly aligned with a fuel annulus 20 formed in the top of a spacer element 22.
  • the spacer is a unitary cartr idge type adapted to be inserted between manifo ld 12 and a spin-on type fuel f iler 24 to be exposed to the flow of fuel between the manifold and filter in a manner to be descr ibed .
  • the spacer 22 is of a diameter comparable to that of the manifold and filte r to present a flush overall outs ide surface . It is provided with a number of coaxially extending , circu fer ential ly spaced passages 26 that extend at their upper end from fuel annulus 20 to the annular fuel inlet plenum 28 at the outer per iphery of fuel filter 24.
  • the fuel f ilter 24 is of conventional paper pleated type construction consisting of a base plate 30 having a central bore 32 def ining an outlet 34 for the filtered fuel .
  • a flanged portion 36 contains circum ⁇ ferentially spaced holes 38 for receiving the fuel from spacer 22.
  • An 0-ring seal 40 abuts the lower face of spacer 22 to seal against the leak of fuel outwardly.
  • the fuel filter 24 is adapted to be screwed or spun on against the lower face of spacer 22 in the same manner as the filter is attached to the fuel manifold in the case where no spacer is present. That is, a threaded nipple 41 is attached to the adapter by a nut 42 to a second nipple that normally depends from the fuel manifold 12 to secure the spacer element to the manifold, and the nipple 41 is threaded into the fuel filter 24 at the opposite end of the filter being spun on it in the usual manner.
  • spacer or adapter 22 contains in this case a star shaped heater 44 that is defined by radially extending fingerlike portions 46 that are equally circumferentially spaced from one another to provide clearances 48 between.
  • the passages 26 extend between the spokes or fingers 46 of the heater to provide the greatest area of exposure to the flowing fuel.
  • the heater in this instance is a self-output temperature limiting heater consisting of a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) element 50 connected to a constant wattage (CW) element 52 by an intervening carbon black composition 54, as shown and fully described in U.S.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • CW constant wattage
  • a pair of leads 56 and 58 extend outwardly of the adapter to a suitable connection to the diesel engine electrical system (not shown) to be energized whenever the engine is operating.
  • the characteristics of the heater are such that the internal temperature of the heater increases at a fairly constant level with application of electrical current up to a certain temperature level, i.e., switch point, such as, for example. 250°F (121.1° Celsius), at which point the internal resistance of the heater increases markedly to a point where no further increase in heat output is provided.
  • the element has a built-in or self-contained shutoff device that eliminates the need
  • Figures 3-5 show a fuel filter assembly similar in construction to that illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the fuel manifold 12' includes a horizontal fuel oil inlet 14', a horizontally disposed fuel outlet passage 16', a vertically inclined fuel inlet passage 18' leading to the outer periphery of the fuel filter, and an adapter nipple 70 onto which is screwed the spin-on type fuel filter 24'.
  • Manifold 12* in this case is provided at its top with an integral bowl shaped recess 72 constituting a fuel reservoir and adapted to be closed by a suitable disc shaped cover. For clarity, the cover has been removed.
  • the fuel oil inlet 14' connects to an intersecting passage 74 that angles upwardly as indi ⁇ cated in Figure 5 to the bottom of the recess or fuel reservoir 76.
  • a flat strip-like coiled electric heater 78 connected to a combination thermostat/heating element 80 contained in one end of the manifold.
  • Element 80 would be electrically connected by wiring not shown to the vehicle electrical system so as to be energized or rendered electrically operative at all times when the vehicle engine is opera ⁇ tive.
  • the heater 78 is coiled as shown and is of a depth or width equal to that of the depth of the reservoir so as to provide a spiral passage for flow of the fuel oil inwardly to a central outlet 82.
  • the latter is connected by an angled passage 84 to the inlet 18' to filter assembly 24'.
  • a toothpick-like pin 86 extends through the coils of the heater element 78 to secure it in place without obstructing flow.
  • the curved wall portion 90 defining a portion of the fuel reservoir, also acts as a guide for the incoming fuel oil in passage 74.
  • the strap- like coil of heater 78 forms a wall to force the flow between it and the manifold and force fuel oil flow in a spiral path toward the outlet 82.
  • the heater being energized as soon as the vehicle engine becomes operative, the fuel oil is warmed prior to its discharge into the inlet passage 18'.
  • the combination thermostat/heating element 80 becomes inoperative above a predetermined temperature level and, therefore, shuts off the current to the heater element
  • O PI vr wiPo invention provides several embodiments of a self-limiting output temperatur e fuel oil heater that readily can be adapted to most diesel engines that have a spin-on type filter attached to the fuel manifold .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Le voile de mazout provoqué par la formation de cristaux de cire dans du mazout à des températures basses restreint l'écoulement et peut obturer le filtre d'un moteur diesel d'un véhicule automobile, entraînant des conditions de mauvaise conduite, de perte de puissance et même un éventuel arrêt de la combustion. Ce problème est résolu en éliminant le voile grâce à un réchauffeur de mazout (10) qui peut aisément convertir un filtre de carburant de type rotatif (24) d'un moteur diesel non chauffé en un filtre contenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique pour chauffer le carburant au-dessus de sa température de formation de voile. Le dispositif de chauffage (10) comprend un organe d'espacement (22) pouvant être inséré entre le collecteur d'admission (12) de carburant et le filtre (24) du moteur. L'organe d'espacement (22) possède un diamètre comparable à celui du collecteur (12) et du filtre (24) pour présenter une surface extérieure générale en effleurement et il est pourvu d'un dispositif chauffant PTC à auto limitation de température en forme d'étoile (44) ayant des parties en forme de doigts s'étendant radialement (46). Entre chaque paire de ces parties est prévu un passage d'écoulement (26) au travers duquel s'écoule le carburant et il est chauffé en s'écoulant vers le filtre (24) depuis l'admission (14) du collecteur. Dans un autre mode d'agencement, un collecteur modifié de carburant (12') comprend un évidement intégral en forme de cuvette (72) constituant un réservoir de carburant dans lequel est immergé un élément de résistance chauffante électrique enroulée en spirale en forme de bande plate (78) connecté en série avec une combinaison thermostat/élément chauffant (80) et définissant un passage de chauffage en spirale pour le carburant depuis l'entrée du collecteur (14') au filtre (24').
EP83902844A 1982-11-22 1983-08-08 Dispositif de chauffage electrique permettant de chauffer un filtre de combustible d'un moteur diesel Withdrawn EP0126733A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45607282A 1982-11-22 1982-11-22
US456072 1982-11-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126733A1 true EP0126733A1 (fr) 1984-12-05

Family

ID=23811309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83902844A Withdrawn EP0126733A1 (fr) 1982-11-22 1983-08-08 Dispositif de chauffage electrique permettant de chauffer un filtre de combustible d'un moteur diesel

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0126733A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1984002246A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102011665B (zh) * 2010-09-03 2012-12-26 高志男 一种燃油滤清器的燃油加热器

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899530A (en) * 1959-08-11 Wunstorf
CH101971A (de) * 1923-06-06 1923-11-01 Jost Emil Elektrischer Heizapparat für Flüssigkeiten.
US3235084A (en) * 1962-01-30 1966-02-15 Stewart Warner Corp Fuel filter with heating unit
US4017715A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-04-12 Raychem Corporation Temperature overshoot heater
US4091265A (en) * 1975-08-06 1978-05-23 Racor Industries, Inc. Fuel filter heating assembly
US4146475A (en) * 1977-12-01 1979-03-27 Forsland Audre C Electrefiner
DE2804804C2 (de) * 1978-02-04 1986-01-16 Fa. Fritz Eichenauer, 6744 Kandel Durchlauferhitzer
DE2804749C3 (de) * 1978-02-04 1980-07-31 Fa. Fritz Eichenauer, 6744 Kandel Durchlauferhitzer
DE2845519A1 (de) * 1978-10-19 1980-05-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fluessigkeitsfilter
DE2845520C2 (de) * 1978-10-19 1987-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Anschraubfiltereinheit für Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere Dieselkraftstoff
DE2919763C2 (de) * 1979-05-16 1983-07-07 Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg Zerstäubungsbrenner für Ölfeuerungsanlagen
JPS5939179Y2 (ja) * 1979-06-21 1984-10-31 日産自動車株式会社 デイ−ゼルエンジンの燃料フイルタ装置
US4387691A (en) * 1980-11-07 1983-06-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Diesel fuel filter system
US4372279A (en) * 1980-11-24 1983-02-08 Paccar Inc. Heated fuel line
GB2100559B (en) * 1981-06-15 1985-05-15 Raychem Corp Fuel line heater feedthrough
US4369110A (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-01-18 David L. Priest Oil filter for use on internal combustion engines
US4395996A (en) * 1981-10-16 1983-08-02 Davco Incorporated Fuel supply and conditioning means for diesel engines
US4406785A (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-09-27 Gte Products Corporation Diesel fuel heater

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO8402246A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984002246A1 (fr) 1984-06-07

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Legal Events

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE GB

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19841024

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: PAKULA, BENJAMIN, JOHN