EP0124405B1 - Apparatus for delivering a fluid at a given pressure from two containers to a conduit - Google Patents

Apparatus for delivering a fluid at a given pressure from two containers to a conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124405B1
EP0124405B1 EP84400668A EP84400668A EP0124405B1 EP 0124405 B1 EP0124405 B1 EP 0124405B1 EP 84400668 A EP84400668 A EP 84400668A EP 84400668 A EP84400668 A EP 84400668A EP 0124405 B1 EP0124405 B1 EP 0124405B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
input
gas
output
containers
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP84400668A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0124405A1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Loiseau
Maurice Molozay
Michel Rigo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT84400668T priority Critical patent/ATE24756T1/en
Publication of EP0124405A1 publication Critical patent/EP0124405A1/en
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Publication of EP0124405B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124405B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F17C13/045—Automatic change-over switching assembly for bottled gas systems with two (or more) gas containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/046—Methods for emptying or filling by even emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2559—Self-controlled branched flow systems
    • Y10T137/2564—Plural inflows
    • Y10T137/2567—Alternate or successive inflows
    • Y10T137/2569—Control by depletion of source

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices known under the name of "automatic distribution centers", that is to say the devices serving to supply a pipe with a fluid under a determined pressure from two containers, one of which is in service while the other is in reserve.
  • the invention relates more particularly to devices of the type comprising dispensing means adapted to put one or the other of the two receptacles in communication with said pipe, means for automatic reversal of the dispensing means actuated by means of two switches. sensitive to the degree of filling of the container in service, and pressure regulating means delivering the fluid under the operating pressure and comprising a common pressure regulator disposed in said pipe.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an automatic power station which, despite a simple and economical construction, is perfectly reliable, precisely adjustable and capable of ensuring a stable pressure during reversals.
  • the subject of the invention is a device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said common pressure regulator is subjected to its entry at the pressure prevailing in the container in service, in that the distributor means comprise two valves stop controlled by the reversing means and connected respectively to the two receptacles.
  • the gas distribution installation illustrated in the drawing is intended to deliver, in a pipe 1 equipped with a pressure reducer or regulator 2 and a safety valve 3, a gas contained in two bottles 4A and 4B, which can , in practice, each be constituted by a group of bottles assembled in a frame or frame.
  • the installation includes a number of split pneumatic components corresponding to the two bottles 4A and 4B.
  • these pairs of components will be designated by the same reference, assigned the suffix "A” or “B” depending on whether they are associated with one or the other of the two bottles.
  • These components are: two stop valves 5A, 5B arranged at the outlet of the two bottles; two pressure sensors 6A, 6B; two “NO” logics 7A, 7B; two timers 8A, 8B; two pneumatic indicators 9A, 9B; two logics “OR inclusive 10A; 1 OB; and two pneumatically operated stop valves 11 A, 11 B.
  • the installation also includes certain elements common to the two circuits, which are a source of low pressure gas 12, a manual switch 13 with two positions, a pneumatic memory 14 and an auxiliary switch 15 with three positions.
  • Elements 6-11 and 13-15 are pneumatic components well known in the art and commercially available. It suffices to describe their functions.
  • the gas source 12 is constituted by a gas cylinder 16 provided with a regulator 17, the outlet of which, for example at 6 bars, is connected in parallel on the one hand to the inlet of the switch 13, on the other hand share at the two inputs of the switch 15.
  • the source 12 could be constituted by the low pressure network of air or another gas of the user.
  • the type of switch 13 is connected to a first inlet of each of the components 6 to 8 and 14.
  • the outlet of each tap 5 is connected by a line 18 to a first inlet of the associated valve 11, and the outlet of the two valves 11 is connected to line 1, upstream of the regulator 2.
  • Each sensor 6 has a second input, or control input, connected to the associated pipe 18, between the tap 5 and the valve 11, by a pipe 19 shown in dashed lines.
  • the first input of the sensor is put in communication with its output, which is connected to a second input, or control input, of the associated “NO” logic 7.
  • Each “NO” logic 7 communicates its first input and its output in the absence of a pneumatic signal on its second input, and interrupts this communication as soon as a pneumatic signal is received at its second input.
  • the output of logic 7 is connected to a second input, or control input, of the associated timer 8.
  • Each timer 8 puts its first input into communication with its output when it receives a pneumatic signal at its second input for a predetermined time. In the absence of such a signal, or if the signal has a duration less than this predetermined time, it interrupts this communication.
  • the memory 14 has two control inputs connected respectively to the outputs of the timers 8, and two outputs respectively connected to a first input of the “OR” logic 10.
  • the memory contains a floating drawer with two positions whose ends are respectively opposite the two memory control inputs; in each position, this drawer puts the first memory input into communication with one of the two outputs. The drawer only changes position if a pneumatic signal appears at the command input corresponding to the change in position considered.
  • each “OR” logic 10 is connected to a respective output of the auxiliary switch 15, and its output is connected to the control member.
  • valve valve 11 associated. A pneumatic signal appears at this output in the presence of a pneumatic signal at one or the other of the two inputs of the "OR” logic.
  • Each indicator 9A, 9B is connected to the pipe which connects the "OR" logic 1 OA, 1 respective OB to the corresponding output of memory 14.
  • the switch 13 has a position "I” in which its input is placed in communication with its output, and a position "0” in which this communication is cut off.
  • the switch 15 has a neutral position "0", in which none of its outputs is put in communication with the corresponding input, and two active positions "A” and "B” in each of which an input of this switch is put in communication with the second input of the associated logic “OR” 10.
  • the two bottles 4A, 4B are full and contain the gas to be delivered under a high pressure which is for example 200 bars.
  • the switch 13 is in position "0", as well as the switch 15. No component of the low pressure circuit is therefore supplied by the source 12, so that the two valves 11 are closed and that no gas flow does not exit via line 1.
  • the memory is in any one of its two positions, for example, as shown, in that which puts its first entry into communication with the logic “OR” 10A.
  • the switch 13 is operated at its position "1", then the two taps 5 are opened.
  • the two sensors 6, subjected to a pressure greater than their threshold pressure, deliver a pneumatic signal to their exit. Consequently, no signal appears at the output of the "NO" logic 7, nor consequently at that of the timers 8.
  • the memory 14 therefore remains in the state it was in, and the low pressure gas, which had opened valve 11 A via this memory and the "OR" logic 10A as soon as the switch 13 was operated, keeps this valve 11 A permanently open.
  • the cylinder 4A therefore delivers high pressure gas in line 1, and this gas is expanded by the regulator 2 to its operating pressure.
  • the 4B bottle remains full, in reserve.
  • the indicator 9A indicates that the cylinder 4A is in service.
  • valve 11 A the low pressure supply to valve 11 A is cut off and, simultaneously, that to valve 11B is established, which is checked by means of indicator lights 9A and 9B.
  • the threshold pressure of the sensors 6 is correctly chosen according to the possibilities of the regulator 2, no jerk will be perceptible downstream of the latter during the inversion.
  • low pressure gas reaches the control inputs of the memory 14 only during the brief periods during which the sensors 6 detect an insufficient pressure, that is to say during bottle changes. Low pressure gas consumption is thus minimal.
  • timers 8 provides great convenience in use, for the following reason. After a period of shutdown, it is desirable to put the already partially emptied bottle back into service, to have a full bottle in reserve. The installation according to the invention automatically performs this function.
  • the auxiliary bottle 16 can be replaced by a tapping on the pipes 18. The installation is then entirely autonomous .
  • the invention can also be applied to the case where the bottles 4A and 4B contain a liquefied gas, or even a liquid intended to be dispensed in liquid form.
  • the sensors 6A, 6B would then be replaced by sensitive switches at the level of the liquid in the two bottles.

Abstract

An installation for the delivery of a gas of high purity under a constant pressure from either of two vessels each of which is connected to a utilization outlet via a separate supply pipe and a switching system. A switching control system acts on two high-pressure valves, one for each vessel, downstream of which is situated a single pressure regulator which controls the outlet gas pressure. The valves are actuated by an auxiliary low-pressure gas via a pneumatic memory and two detectors measuring the pressure prevailing in the two gas vessels.

Description

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs connus sous la dénomination de «centrales automatiques de distribution», c'est-à-dire les dispositifs servant à fournir à une conduite un fluide sous une pression déterminée en provenance de deux récipients, dont l'un est en service pendant que l'autre est en réserve. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement les dispositifs du type comprenant des moyens distributeurs adaptés our mettre l'un ou l'autre des deux récipients en communication avec ladite conduite, des moyens d'inversion automatique des moyens distributeurs actionnés par l'intermédiaire de deux interrupteurs sensibles au degré de remplissage du récipient en service, et des moyens régulateurs de pression délivrant le fluide sous la pression d'utilisation et comprenant un détendeur commun disposé dans ladite conduite.The present invention relates to devices known under the name of "automatic distribution centers", that is to say the devices serving to supply a pipe with a fluid under a determined pressure from two containers, one of which is in service while the other is in reserve. The invention relates more particularly to devices of the type comprising dispensing means adapted to put one or the other of the two receptacles in communication with said pipe, means for automatic reversal of the dispensing means actuated by means of two switches. sensitive to the degree of filling of the container in service, and pressure regulating means delivering the fluid under the operating pressure and comprising a common pressure regulator disposed in said pipe.

Dans un dispositif connu de ce type, destiné à la distribution de gaz à partir de deux bouteilles haute pression (DE-B-1 257 176), on utilise deux détendeurs haute pression-moyenne pression réglés sur des pressions de sortie différentes, et un détendeur moyenne pression-basse pression disposé dans la conduite d'utilisation. Ceci conduit à une construction relativement complexe et coûteuse. De plus, pendant qu'une bouteille est en réserve, le régulateur de pression associé à cette bouteille reste au repos, sans balayage gazeux; ceci peut poser des problèmes de l'inversion, notamment s'il s'agit d'un gaz corrosif.In a known device of this type, intended for the distribution of gas from two high pressure cylinders (DE-B-1 257 176), two high pressure-medium pressure regulators adjusted to different outlet pressures are used, and a medium pressure-low pressure regulator located in the operating line. This leads to a relatively complex and expensive construction. In addition, while a bottle is in reserve, the pressure regulator associated with this bottle remains at rest, without gas flushing; this can cause inversion problems, especially if it is a corrosive gas.

L'invention a pour but de fournir une centrale automatique qui, malgré une construction simple et économique, soit parfaitement fiable, réglable avec précision et capable d'assurer une pression stable lors des inversions.The object of the invention is to provide an automatic power station which, despite a simple and economical construction, is perfectly reliable, precisely adjustable and capable of ensuring a stable pressure during reversals.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif du type précité, caractérisé en ce que ledit détendeur commun est soumis à son entrée à la pression qui règne dans le récipient en service, en ce que les moyens distributeurs comprennent deux vannes d'arrêt commandées par les moyens d'inversion et reliées respectivement aux deux récipients.To this end, the subject of the invention is a device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said common pressure regulator is subjected to its entry at the pressure prevailing in the container in service, in that the distributor means comprise two valves stop controlled by the reversing means and connected respectively to the two receptacles.

Un exemple de réalisation de l'invention va maintenant être décrit en regard du dessin annexé, dont la figure unique représente schématiquement une installation de distribution de gaz équipée d'un dispositif de commande conforme à linvention.An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, the single figure of which schematically represents a gas distribution installation equipped with a control device according to the invention.

L'installation de distribution de gaz illustrée au dessin est destinée à délivrer, dans une conduite 1 équipée d'un détendeur ou régulateur de pression 2 et d'une soupape de sécurité 3, un gaz contenu dans deux bouteilles 4A et 4B, qui peuvent, en pratique, être constituées chacune par un groupe de bouteilles réuni dans un cadre ou bâti.The gas distribution installation illustrated in the drawing is intended to deliver, in a pipe 1 equipped with a pressure reducer or regulator 2 and a safety valve 3, a gas contained in two bottles 4A and 4B, which can , in practice, each be constituted by a group of bottles assembled in a frame or frame.

L'installation comprend un certain nombre de composants pneumatiques dédoublés correspondants aux deux bouteilles 4A et 4B. Dans la decrip- tion ci-dessous, on désignera ces couples de composants par une même référence, affectée du suffixe «A» ou «B» suivant qu'ils sont associés à l'une ou l'autre des deux bouteilles. Ces composants sont: deux robinets d'arrêt 5A, 5B disposés à l'orifice de sortie des deux bouteilles; deux capteurs de pression 6A, 6B; deux logiques «NON» 7A, 7B; deux temporisateurs 8A, 8B; deux voyants pneumatiques 9A, 9B; deux logiques «OU inclusif 10A; 1 OB; et deux vannes d'arrêt à commande pneumatique 11 A, 11 B.The installation includes a number of split pneumatic components corresponding to the two bottles 4A and 4B. In the description below, these pairs of components will be designated by the same reference, assigned the suffix "A" or "B" depending on whether they are associated with one or the other of the two bottles. These components are: two stop valves 5A, 5B arranged at the outlet of the two bottles; two pressure sensors 6A, 6B; two “NO” logics 7A, 7B; two timers 8A, 8B; two pneumatic indicators 9A, 9B; two logics “OR inclusive 10A; 1 OB; and two pneumatically operated stop valves 11 A, 11 B.

L'installation comprend en outre certains éléments communs aux deux circuits, qui sont une source de gaz basse pression 12, un interrupteur manuel 13 à deux positions, une mémoire pneumatique 14 et un interrupteur auxiliaire 15 à trois positions.The installation also includes certain elements common to the two circuits, which are a source of low pressure gas 12, a manual switch 13 with two positions, a pneumatic memory 14 and an auxiliary switch 15 with three positions.

Les éléments 6 à 11 et 13 à 15 sont des composants pneumatiques bien connus dans la technique et disponibles dans le commerce. Il suffit donc de décrire leurs fonctions.Elements 6-11 and 13-15 are pneumatic components well known in the art and commercially available. It suffices to describe their functions.

La source de gaz 12 est constituée par une bouteille de gaz 16 pourvue d'un détendeur 17 dont la sortie, par exemple à 6 bars, est reliée en parallèle d'une part à l'entrée de l'interrupteur 13, d'autre part aux deux entrées de l'interrupteur 15. En variante, la source 12 pourrait être constituée par le réseau basse pression d'air ou d'un autre gaz de l'utilisateur. La sorte de l'interrupteur 13 est reliée à une première entrée de chacun des composants 6 à 8 et 14. La sortie de chaque robinet 5 est reliée par une conduite 18 à une première entrée de la vanne 11 associée, et la sortie des deux vannes 11 est reliée à la conduite 1, en amont du détendeur 2.The gas source 12 is constituted by a gas cylinder 16 provided with a regulator 17, the outlet of which, for example at 6 bars, is connected in parallel on the one hand to the inlet of the switch 13, on the other hand share at the two inputs of the switch 15. As a variant, the source 12 could be constituted by the low pressure network of air or another gas of the user. The type of switch 13 is connected to a first inlet of each of the components 6 to 8 and 14. The outlet of each tap 5 is connected by a line 18 to a first inlet of the associated valve 11, and the outlet of the two valves 11 is connected to line 1, upstream of the regulator 2.

Chaque capteur 6 comporte une deuxième entrée, ou entrée de commande, reliée à la conduite 18 associée, entre le robinet 5 et la vanne 11, par une conduite 19 représentée en traits mixtes. Lorsque la pression régnant dans cette conduite 19 est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé, la première entrée du capteur est mise en communication avec sa sortie, laquelle est reliée à une deuxième entrée, ou entrée de commande, de la logique «NON» 7 associée.Each sensor 6 has a second input, or control input, connected to the associated pipe 18, between the tap 5 and the valve 11, by a pipe 19 shown in dashed lines. When the pressure prevailing in this pipe 19 is greater than a predetermined threshold, the first input of the sensor is put in communication with its output, which is connected to a second input, or control input, of the associated “NO” logic 7.

Chaque logique «NON» 7 met en communication sa première entrée et sa sortie en l'absence de signal pneumatique sur sa deuxième entrée, et interrompt cette communication dès qu'un signal pneumatique est reçu à sa deuxième entrée. La sortie de la logique 7 est reliée à une deuxième entrée, ou entrée de commande, du temporisateur 8 associé.Each “NO” logic 7 communicates its first input and its output in the absence of a pneumatic signal on its second input, and interrupts this communication as soon as a pneumatic signal is received at its second input. The output of logic 7 is connected to a second input, or control input, of the associated timer 8.

Chaque temporisateur 8 met sa première entrée en communication avec sa sortie lorsqu'il reçoit un signal pneumatique à sa deuxième entrée pendant un temps prédéterminé. En l'absence d'un tel signal, ou si le signal a une durée inférieure à ce temps prédéterminé, il interrompt cette communication.Each timer 8 puts its first input into communication with its output when it receives a pneumatic signal at its second input for a predetermined time. In the absence of such a signal, or if the signal has a duration less than this predetermined time, it interrupts this communication.

La mémoire 14 possède deux entrées de commande reliées respectivement aux sorties des temporisateurs 8, et deux sorties reliés respectivement à une première entrée des logiques «OU» 10. La mémoire contient un tiroir flottant à deux positions dont les extrémités se trouvent respectivement en regard des deux entrées de commande de la mémoire; dans chaque position, ce tiroir met la première entrée de la mémoire en communication avec l'une des deux sorties. Le tiroir ne change de position que si un signal pneumatique apparaît à l'entrée de commande correspondant au changement de position considéré.The memory 14 has two control inputs connected respectively to the outputs of the timers 8, and two outputs respectively connected to a first input of the “OR” logic 10. The memory contains a floating drawer with two positions whose ends are respectively opposite the two memory control inputs; in each position, this drawer puts the first memory input into communication with one of the two outputs. The drawer only changes position if a pneumatic signal appears at the command input corresponding to the change in position considered.

La deuxième entrée de chaque logique «OU» 10 est reliée à une sortie respective de l'interrupteur auxiliaire 15, et sa sortie est reliée à l'organe de commande de la vanne 11 associé. Un signal pneumatique apparaît à cette sortie en présence d'un signal pneumatique à l'une ou l'autre des deux entrées de la logique «OU».The second input of each “OR” logic 10 is connected to a respective output of the auxiliary switch 15, and its output is connected to the control member. valve valve 11 associated. A pneumatic signal appears at this output in the presence of a pneumatic signal at one or the other of the two inputs of the "OR" logic.

Chaque voyant 9A, 9B est branché sur la conduite qui relie la logique «OU» 1 OA, 1 OB respective à la sortie correspondante de la mémoire 14.Each indicator 9A, 9B is connected to the pipe which connects the "OR" logic 1 OA, 1 respective OB to the corresponding output of memory 14.

L'interrupteur 13 possède une position «I» dans laquelle son entrée est mise en communication avec sa sortie, et une position «0» dans laquelle cette communication est coupée. L'interrupteur 15 possède une position neutre «0», dans laquelle aucune de ses sorties n'est mise en communication avec l'entrée correspondante, et deux positions actives «A» et «B» dans chacune desquelles une entrée de cet interrupteur est mise en communication avec la deuxième entrée de la logique «OU» 10 associée.The switch 13 has a position "I" in which its input is placed in communication with its output, and a position "0" in which this communication is cut off. The switch 15 has a neutral position "0", in which none of its outputs is put in communication with the corresponding input, and two active positions "A" and "B" in each of which an input of this switch is put in communication with the second input of the associated logic “OR” 10.

Le fonctionnement de l'installation ainsi décrite est le suivant.The operation of the installation thus described is as follows.

Au départ, on supposera que les deux bouteilles 4A, 4B sont pleines et contiennent le gaz à délivrer sous une haute pression qui est par exemple 200 bars. L'interrupteur 13 est en position «0», ainsi que l'interrupteur 15. Aucun composant du circuit basse pression n'est donc alimenté par la source 12, de sorte que les deux vannes 11 sont fermées et qu'aucun débit de gaz ne sort par la conduite 1. La mémoire se trouve dans l'une quelconque de ses deux positions, par exemple, comme représenté, dans celle qui met sa première entrée en communication avec la logique «OU» 10A.At the start, it will be assumed that the two bottles 4A, 4B are full and contain the gas to be delivered under a high pressure which is for example 200 bars. The switch 13 is in position "0", as well as the switch 15. No component of the low pressure circuit is therefore supplied by the source 12, so that the two valves 11 are closed and that no gas flow does not exit via line 1. The memory is in any one of its two positions, for example, as shown, in that which puts its first entry into communication with the logic “OR” 10A.

Au démarrage de l'installation, on manoeuvre l'interrupteur 13 à sa position «1», puis on ouvre les deux robinets 5. Les deux capteurs 6, soumis à une pression supérieure à leur pression de seuil, délivrent un signal pneumatique à leur sortie. Par suite, aucun signal n'apparaît à la sortie des logiques «NON» 7, ni par conséquent à celle des temporisateurs 8. La mémoire 14 reste donc dans l'état où elle était aupa- ravent, et le gaz basse pression, qui avait ouvert la vanne 11 A via cette mémoire et la logique «OU» 10A dès la manoevre de l'interrupteur 13, maintient en permanence ouverte cette vanne 11 A. La bouteille 4A délivre donc du gaz haute pression dans la conduite 1, et ce gaz est détendu par le détendeur 2 à sa pression d'utilisation. La bouteille 4B reste pleine, en réserve. Le voyant 9A indique que c'est la bouteille 4A qui est en service.At the start of the installation, the switch 13 is operated at its position "1", then the two taps 5 are opened. The two sensors 6, subjected to a pressure greater than their threshold pressure, deliver a pneumatic signal to their exit. Consequently, no signal appears at the output of the "NO" logic 7, nor consequently at that of the timers 8. The memory 14 therefore remains in the state it was in, and the low pressure gas, which had opened valve 11 A via this memory and the "OR" logic 10A as soon as the switch 13 was operated, keeps this valve 11 A permanently open. The cylinder 4A therefore delivers high pressure gas in line 1, and this gas is expanded by the regulator 2 to its operating pressure. The 4B bottle remains full, in reserve. The indicator 9A indicates that the cylinder 4A is in service.

Cet état de choses se poursuit jusqu'à ce que la pression du gaz contenu dans la bouteille 4A ait atteint la pression de seuil des capteurs 6. Alors, le capteur 6A cesse de délivrer un signal pneumatique à sa sortie, et, par suite, un signal pneumatique apparaît à la sortie de la logique «NON» 7A. Après le temps prédéterminé de temporisation, qui est par exemple de l'ordre de 30 secondes, ceci provoque l'apparition d'un signal pneumatique à la sortie du temporisateur 8A, et ce signal repousse le tiroir de la mémoire 14. Le gaz basse pression envoyé à la première entrée de cette mémoire sort alors par l'autre sortie et parvient à la logique «OU» 10B, de là, à la vanne 11B.This state of affairs continues until the pressure of the gas contained in the bottle 4A has reached the threshold pressure of the sensors 6. Then, the sensor 6A ceases to deliver a pneumatic signal at its output, and, consequently, a pneumatic signal appears at the output of the "NO" logic 7A. After the predetermined time delay, which is for example of the order of 30 seconds, this causes the appearance of a pneumatic signal at the output of the timer 8A, and this signal pushes the memory drawer 14. The gas low pressure sent to the first input of this memory then exits through the other output and reaches the "OR" logic 10B, from there, to the valve 11B.

Ainsi, l'alimentation en basse pression de la vanne 11 A est coupée et, simultanément, celle de la vanne 11B est établie,ce que l'on contrôle au moyen des voyants 9A et 9B, Ceci ferme la vanne 11 A et ouvre la vanne 11 B, et la bouteille 4B est mise en service. On peut alors fermer le robinet 5A, remplacer la bouteille 4A par une bouteille pleine et ouvrir de nouveau le même robinet; pour les raisons déjà indiquées, ceci ne modifie pas l'état de la mémoire 14, et l'on dispose d'une nouvelle bouteille de réserve sans que l'alimentation de la conduite 1 ait été interrompue. De plus, si la pression de seuil des capteurs 6 est correctement choisie en fonction des possibilités du détendeur 2, aucun à-coup ne sera perceptible en aval de ce dernier lors de l'inversion.Thus, the low pressure supply to valve 11 A is cut off and, simultaneously, that to valve 11B is established, which is checked by means of indicator lights 9A and 9B. This closes valve 11 A and opens the valve 11 B, and the bottle 4B is put into service. We can then close the valve 5A, replace the bottle 4A with a full bottle and open the same valve again; for the reasons already indicated, this does not modify the state of the memory 14, and a new reserve bottle is available without the supply of the pipe 1 having been interrupted. In addition, if the threshold pressure of the sensors 6 is correctly chosen according to the possibilities of the regulator 2, no jerk will be perceptible downstream of the latter during the inversion.

Bien entendu, les mêmes phénomènes se reproduisent lorsque c'est au tour de la bouteille 4B de s'être suffisamment vidée pour atteindre la pression de seuil des capteurs 6.Of course, the same phenomena occur again when it is the turn of the bottle 4B to have emptied enough to reach the threshold pressure of the sensors 6.

Si, pour une raison quelconque (fuite, coincement d'un composant, etc...), l'inversion ne se produit pas, l'utilisateur en est averti par le manomètre dont est normalement équipée la bouteille en service, et éventuellement par une alarme non représentée. Il peut alors manoeuvrer l'interrupteur auxiliaire 15 5 vers sa position «A» ou «B» correspondant à l'autre bouteille; le gaz basse pression parvient alors directement à la logique «OU» 10 associée à cette dernière et, de là, à a vanne 11 correspondante. On réalise ainsi une inversion manuelle, sans aucun inconvénient pour l'alimentation de la conduite 1.If, for any reason (leakage, jamming of a component, etc.), the reversal does not occur, the user is informed of this by the pressure gauge with which the cylinder in service is normally fitted, and possibly by an alarm not shown. He can then operate the auxiliary switch 15 5 towards its position "A" or "B" corresponding to the other bottle; the low pressure gas then goes directly to the "OR" logic 10 associated with the latter and, from there, to the corresponding valve 11. A manual reversal is thus carried out, without any drawback for the supply of the pipe 1.

Cette installation présente de nombreux avantages:

  • - elle fonctionne de façon entièrement automatique, pour un coût relativement modeste;
  • - l'utilisation directe de la haute pression pour commander l'inversion assure une grande sensibilité, une grande fiabilité et une large possibilité de réglage;
  • - la pression de délivrance du gaz reste stable lors des inversions, comme déjà indiqué;
  • - le circuit de commande est totalement indépen- dantdu circuit haute pression, et le détendeur 2 est en balayage permanent. Ceci est une garantie contre les risques de pollution du gaz délivré, garantie appréciable lorsqu'il s'agit d'un gaz à haute pureté;
  • - la présence d'un circuit de commande manuelle auxiliaire, en parallèle avec le circuit de commande automatique, est très avantageuse pour l'utilisateur dans les applications où il ne peut être question d'interrompre l'alimentation, comme c'est le cas dans certaines applications scientifiques.
This installation has many advantages:
  • - it operates fully automatically, at a relatively modest cost;
  • - the direct use of high pressure to control the reversal ensures high sensitivity, high reliability and a wide possibility of adjustment;
  • - The gas delivery pressure remains stable during reversals, as already indicated;
  • - the control circuit is completely independent of the high pressure circuit, and the regulator 2 is in permanent scanning. This is a guarantee against the risks of pollution of the gas delivered, an appreciable guarantee when it is a high purity gas;
  • - the presence of an auxiliary manual control circuit, in parallel with the automatic control circuit, is very advantageous for the user in applications where there can be no question of interrupting the supply, as is the case in certain scientific applications.

Par ailleurs, grâce à la présence des logiques «NON» 7, du gaz basse pression ne parvient aux entrées de commande de la mémoire 14 que pendant les brèves périodes durant lesquelles les capteurs 6 détectent une pression insuffisante, c'est-à-dire pendant les changements de bouteilles. La consommation de gaz basse pression est ainsi minimale.Furthermore, thanks to the presence of the "NO" logic 7, low pressure gas reaches the control inputs of the memory 14 only during the brief periods during which the sensors 6 detect an insufficient pressure, that is to say during bottle changes. Low pressure gas consumption is thus minimal.

Il est également à noter que la présence des temporisateurs 8 apporte une grande commodité d'utilisation, pour la raison suivante. Après une période d'arrêt, il est souhaitable de remettre en service la bouteille déjà partiellement vidée, pour disposer d'une bouteille pleine en réserve. L'installation suivant l'invention assure automatiquement cette fonction.It should also be noted that the presence of timers 8 provides great convenience in use, for the following reason. After a period of shutdown, it is desirable to put the already partially emptied bottle back into service, to have a full bottle in reserve. The installation according to the invention automatically performs this function.

En effet, pendant un arrêt prolongé (robinets 5 fermés), du fait des fuites, la pression peut tomber dans les conduites 19 au-dessous du seuil des capteurs 6, de sorte que ceux-ci se trouvent «au repos». Lors du démarrage suivant, on commence par manoeuvrer l'interrupteur 13; aucun signal n'apparaît à la sortie des capteurs, et un signal pneumatique est donc délivré par les deux logiques «NON» 7. Le temps de temporisation est suffisant pour permettre d'ouvrir l'un après l'autre les deux robinets 5, ce qui déclenche les deux capteurs 6 et, par suite, supprime le signal de sortie des logiques «NON». Ainsi, aucun des temporisateurs ne délivre un signal de sortie, et la mémoire reste dans son état initial, ce quel que soit l'ordre d'ouverture des robinets 5.Indeed, during a prolonged shutdown (taps 5 closed), due to leaks, the pressure may drop in the pipes 19 below the threshold of the sensors 6, so that they are "at rest". During the next start, we start by operating the switch 13; no signal appears at the output of the sensors, and a pneumatic signal is therefore delivered by the two “NO” logic 7. The delay time is sufficient to allow the two taps 5 to be opened one after the other, which triggers the two sensors 6 and, consequently, suppresses the logic “NO” output signal. Thus, none of the timers delivers an output signal, and the memory remains in its initial state, regardless of the order in which the valves 5 are opened.

Bien entendu, ceci reste valable si la pression n'a chuté que dans une seule des deux conduites 19, et si aucune fuite ne s'est produite, le risque de changement d'état de la mémoire 14 n'existe pas.Of course, this remains valid if the pressure has dropped in only one of the two lines 19, and if no leak has occurred, the risk of change of state of the memory 14 does not exist.

On remarque encore que l'installation décrite ci- dessus est entièrement pneumatique. Elle est donc d'une sécurité totale dans les environnements où les risques d'étincelles sont prohibés. De plus, son homogénéité facilite son entretien.It is also noted that the installation described above is entirely pneumatic. It is therefore completely safe in environments where the risk of sparks is prohibited. In addition, its homogeneity facilitates its maintenance.

En variante, dans le cas où les bouteilles 4A et 4B contiennent un gaz interte tel que l'azote, ou bien du C02, la bouteille auxiliaire 16 peut être remplacée par un piquage sur les conduites 18. L'installation est alors entièrement autonome.As a variant, in the case where the bottles 4A and 4B contain an interesting gas such as nitrogen, or else C0 2 , the auxiliary bottle 16 can be replaced by a tapping on the pipes 18. The installation is then entirely autonomous .

L'invention peut également s'appliquer au cas où les bouteilles 4A et 4B contiennent un gaz liquéfié, ou même un liquide destiné à être distribué sous forme liquide. Les capteurs 6A, 6B seraient alord remplacés par des interrupteurs sensibles au niveau du liquide dans les deux bouteilles.The invention can also be applied to the case where the bottles 4A and 4B contain a liquefied gas, or even a liquid intended to be dispensed in liquid form. The sensors 6A, 6B would then be replaced by sensitive switches at the level of the liquid in the two bottles.

Claims (10)

1. Apparatus for delivering a fluid at a given pressure deriving from two containers (4A, 4B) to a conduit (1), of the type comprising distributor means (11 A, 11 B) adapted to communicate the one or the other of the two containers with the said conduit, automatic inversion means (14) for the distributor means actuated by means of two interruptors (6A, 6B) responsive to the filling degree of the container in service, and pressure regulator means delivering the fluid under the utilization pressure and comprising a common pressure-relief valve (2) disposed in the said conduit (1), characterized in that the said common pressure-relief valve (2) is subjected at the input thereof to the pressure prevailing in the container (4A, 4B) in service, and that the distributor means (11 A, 11 B) comprise two shut-off valves controlled by the inversion means (14) and connected respectively to the two containers (4A, 4B).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the said interruptors (6A, 6B) are sensors of the pressure prevailing in the containers (4A, 4B).
3. Apparatus according to one of the claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inversion means (14) comprise two stable positions.
4. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary energy source (12) serving to actuate the said inversion means (14) and connected thereto by means of the said interruptors (6A, 6B).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the output of each interruptor (6A, 6B) is connected to a first input of a logic (NO» (7A, 7B) a second input of which is connected to the said auxiliary energy source (12) and the output of which is connected to the inversion means (14).
6. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between each interruptor (6A, 6B) and the inversion means (14) is interposed a timer (8A, 8B).
7. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises override means (15) for manual actuation of the inversion means (14).
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 if depending from one of the claims 4 and 5, characterized in that it comprises, for each container, a logic «OR inclusive» (10A, 10B) one input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the inversion means (14), the other input of which is connected to a corresponding output of a manual interruptor (15) with three positions, supplied by the said auxiliary energy source (12), and the output of which is connected to a control input of the distributor means (11A, 11B).
9. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises indicators (9A, 9B) indicating the container in service.
10. Apparatus according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is constituted exclusively of pneumatic components.
EP84400668A 1983-04-11 1984-04-05 Apparatus for delivering a fluid at a given pressure from two containers to a conduit Expired EP0124405B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400668T ATE24756T1 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-04-05 DEVICE FOR DELIVERING A FLUID AT A GIVEN PRESSURE FROM TWO CONTAINERS ON A LINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8305859A FR2544052B1 (en) 1983-04-11 1983-04-11 DEVICE FOR PROVIDING A FLUID UNDER A DETERMINED PRESSURE FROM TWO CONTAINERS
FR8305859 1983-04-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124405A1 EP0124405A1 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0124405B1 true EP0124405B1 (en) 1987-01-07

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EP84400668A Expired EP0124405B1 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-04-05 Apparatus for delivering a fluid at a given pressure from two containers to a conduit

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US (1) US4597406A (en)
EP (1) EP0124405B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6018695A (en)
AT (1) ATE24756T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1230099A (en)
DE (1) DE3461949D1 (en)
ES (1) ES531310A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2544052B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1230099A (en) 1987-12-08
ES8501865A1 (en) 1984-12-01
FR2544052A1 (en) 1984-10-12
DE3461949D1 (en) 1987-02-12
JPS6018695A (en) 1985-01-30
EP0124405A1 (en) 1984-11-07
FR2544052B1 (en) 1985-07-05
ES531310A0 (en) 1984-12-01
US4597406A (en) 1986-07-01
ATE24756T1 (en) 1987-01-15

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