EP0123964B1 - Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation électrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface à revêtir - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation électrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface à revêtir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123964B1
EP0123964B1 EP84103847A EP84103847A EP0123964B1 EP 0123964 B1 EP0123964 B1 EP 0123964B1 EP 84103847 A EP84103847 A EP 84103847A EP 84103847 A EP84103847 A EP 84103847A EP 0123964 B1 EP0123964 B1 EP 0123964B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
powder mixture
carrying gas
control air
gas stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84103847A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0123964A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Kirchner
Otto Gebhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kopperschmidt-Muller GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Kopperschmidt-Muller GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kopperschmidt-Muller GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Kopperschmidt-Muller GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT84103847T priority Critical patent/ATE24848T1/de
Publication of EP0123964A1 publication Critical patent/EP0123964A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123964B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123964B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/265—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
    • B05B5/032—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying for spraying particulate materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for electrostatically spraying powder particles supplied in a conveying gas stream onto a surface to be coated with the features specified in the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • the conveying gas powder mixture is guided past a deflection device, from which an air stream emerges radially.
  • the powder cloud can be shaped by regulating the radial air flow.
  • an electrode is provided inside the tube by means of the conveying gas powder mixture.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method or device with which the spray cloud is better shaped and the powder particles are ionized in such a way that a more uniform coating of the workpiece surface can be achieved.
  • the ionized gas stream is fed separately from the control air stream, which is used to expand the conveying gas / powder mixture. Since the control air flow can be regulated in terms of pressure and quantity, the desired shape of the spray cloud can be set in a simple and advantageous manner.
  • the conveying gas / powder mixture is ionized by the ionized gas stream which is introduced into the conveying gas / powder mixture downstream of the control air flow.
  • the ionized gas flow is thus introduced into the conveying gas / powder mixture in a region of reduced flow velocity, namely downstream of the control air flow used for expansion and braking, so that the duration of action for ion accumulation on the powder particles is extended.
  • the arrangement of the electrode prevents a direct field effect on the surface to be coated.
  • the effect of the electric field emanating from the electrode on the surface to be coated is reduced.
  • the field line concentration of edges and protrusions of the surface to be coated is avoided, so that a more uniform coating can be achieved.
  • the ionized gas flow is also independent of the control air flow and is therefore optimally adjustable.
  • a direct charging of the conveying gas-powder mixture is also provided.
  • the electrostatic charging of the powder particles can be changed and optimally adjusted by regulating the direct charging and regulating the ionized gas flow.
  • Direct charging can be controlled either by changing the voltage applied to the electrode or by means of weakening the electric field. The easiest way to charge the ionized gas flow is to regulate the gas volume.
  • the housing of a spray device 10 is designated 11 and has a longitudinal bore 12, in which a tube 14 is arranged, which is extended beyond the front end face 15 of the housing 11 and consists of an electrically insulating material.
  • the conveying gas powder mixture is introduced on the rear side of the spray device, not shown, in a known manner into the annular channel 18 formed between the housing bore 12 and the pipe 14 and leaves the channel at the outlet nozzle 19 in a substantially axially directed flow.
  • an insert body 20 is arranged, which engages over the end of a further tube 21 arranged within the tube 14.
  • a gas stream is introduced, which is given a swirl by one or more helical grooves 23 on the outer circumference of the insert body 20 and then flows through an annular channel 24 between the insert body 20 and the tube 14.
  • the gas flow radially emerges from the annular channel 24 through a radial gap between the front end face 25 of the tube 14 and a radial shoulder 26 on the insert body out.
  • the insert body 20 is aligned with the outer diameter of the tube 14 and forms a front end extension of the tube within the cross section specified by the tube 14.
  • the control air emerging from the gap 25, 26 serves to brake and expand the conveying gas / powder mixture emerging from the outlet nozzle 19.
  • the desired shape of the powder cloud can be set very precisely by appropriate dimensioning of the control air.
  • a valve (not shown) in the control air supply line is used to measure the control air.
  • Another gas flow passes through a longitudinal bore 26 of the inner tube 21 and through a blind bore 29 and a plurality of radial bore 30 into a recess 31 in the end face of the insert body 20.
  • the end face 32 is hollow-conical.
  • a disc-shaped electrode 34 and an insulating material disc 35 are arranged in the recess 31 thus formed.
  • the electrode 34 is provided with a base 33 which is fastened in the insert body 20 by means of an insulating sleeve 36.
  • the base 33 carries an external thread, not shown, which is screwed to an internal thread, also not shown, of the sleeve 36, so that the width of the annular gap 38 formed between the end face 32 and the outer edge of the electrode 34 or the insulating material disc 35 can be adjusted exactly.
  • a supply line 39 for the electrical high voltage is led forward through the longitudinal bore 28 of the inner tube 21 and fastened to the base 33 at 40 in the bore 29.
  • the electrode 34 is a so-called semiconductor electrode, so it has a relatively high ohmic resistance.
  • the electrical resistance of the semiconductor electrode is so great that a shock discharge, that is to say a short circuit, is not possible on the outer edge of the disk-shaped electrode.
  • the diameter of the insulating material disk 35 is larger than that of the electrode 34, but smaller than the front diameter of the insert body 20. This greatly reduces the field strength and the field line concentration, which emanate from the outer edge of the electrode 34, and the undesired field effect between the electrode and Avoid edges or protrusions on the workpiece surface to be coated.
  • the gas stream emerging through the radial openings 30 is ionized by the high electrical potential of the electrode and strikes the conveying gas / powder mixture deflected by the control air emerging from the gap 25, 26 approximately in Range of the lowest flow speed, namely after its deceleration by the control air.
  • the powder particles entrained in the conveying gas stream are mixed uniformly with the highly ionized gas stream, the powder particles being electrostatically charged, which essentially takes place by the accumulation of gas ions.
  • the charging of the powder particles is favored by the ion accumulation from the gas stream and also by the residence time of the powder particles in the area of high ion concentration. According to the invention, a very uniform spray pattern of the powder cloud can be formed in this way, which leads to a uniform coating of the surface of an earthed workpiece.
  • the electrode 34 is also arranged so that it does not come into contact with the powder stream.
  • the strength of the charging of the powder particles can be optimized by regulating the gas flow through a valve, not shown.
  • the shape and charging of the spray cloud can be optimized by regulating the control air and the ionized gas flow.
  • a ring electrode 42 made of semiconducting material can be used, which is connected to high voltage in a manner not shown.
  • the ring electrode 42 faces the channel 18.
  • the ring electrode 42 serves for additional electrical charging of the conveying gas powder mixture.
  • a sleeve 43 made of insulating material is also axially displaceable, by means of which the effect of the electric field generated by the electrode 42 on the workpiece surface to be coated can be increased or decreased.
  • the voltage applied to the electrode 42 can also be changed. In this way, the precipitation effect of the field forces, which result on the one hand from the ionized gas stream and on the other hand from the additional electrode 42, can be coordinated with one another.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified embodiment, in which the conveying gas-powder mixture flowing axially on the outer surface of the tube 14 is also expanded by the control air radially emerging from the gap between the surfaces 25 and 26.
  • a gas stream is guided through a longitudinal bore 26 of the inner tube 21 into a bore 46 in a nozzle body 47 and emerges evenly distributed through radial bores 4ß.
  • the gas flow is directed through the hollow cone-shaped end face 32 of the insert 20 approximately radially outward and directed onto the conveying gas powder mixture. This gas flow is ionized by a needle electrode 44 which extends into the bore 46 of the nozzle body 47.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Procédé de projection électrostatique sur une surface à revêtir de particules de poudre entraînées par un courant de gaz porteur, avec un dispositif de projection, notamment un pistolet, dans lequel le poudre est mise en suspension par le gaz porteur et le courant de mélange poudre-gaz porteur sortant en direction axiale d'une buse de sortie est élargi par un gaz d'entraînement qui est envoyé à peu près radialement dans le mélange poudre-gez porteur par une fente radiale, et par lequel le mélange poudre-gaz porteur est ionisé, caractérisé en ce qu'un courant réglable de gaz indépendant du gaz porteur et/ou du gaz d'entraînement est envoyé dans un conduit séparé, ionisé evant la sortie et Injecté dans le courant élargi de mélange poudre-gaz porteur, en direction axiale, dans la région de vitesse réduite de ce courant.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mélange poudre-gaz porteur est chargé électrostatiquement avant l'enloi du courant de gaz ionisé, si bien que l'intensité de la charge électrostatique et l'ionisation du mélange poudre-gaz porteur sont accordées l'une à l'autre par réglage du courant de gaz ionisé.
3. Dispositif (10) comportant un tube (14) qui se prolonge vers l'avant au delà d'une buse (19) de sortie du mélange poudre-gaz porteur, ce tube étant pourvu d'un conduit annulaire (24) pour l'envoi d'un gaz d'entraînement; une fente radiale (25, 26) prévue entre l'extrémité avant (25) du tube et une pièce (20) insérée pour fermer l'extrémité du tube, le gaz d'entraînement pour l'élargissement du courant de mélange poudre-gaz porteur sortant par cette fente; et une électrode (34,44) pour l'ionisation du mélange poudre-gaz porteur, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode est disposée dans un conduit (25) prévu pour l'amenée d'un courant de gaz envoyé séparément, et en ce que le courant de gaz ionisé est injecté en direction axiale dans le mélange poudre-gaz porteur en aval de la fente (25, 26) pour le gaz d'entraînement.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, comme électrode, une électrode-aiguille (44) est disposée dans le conduit (28), situé à l'intérieur du conduit annulaire (24) prévu pour le gaz d'entraînement.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une électrode en forme de disque (34) est prévue à l'extrémité frontale du tube comportant le conduit annulaire (24) pour le gaz d'entraînement et le conduit (28) pour le gaz d'ionisation.
6. Dispositif selon les revendications 3 et 5, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode en forme de disque (34) est disposée sur la face frontale de la pièce insérée (20), le diamètre de cette électrode est inférieur à celui de cette face frontale et sa face antérieure est recouverte d'un disque de matière isolante (35), et en ce que plusieurs ouvertures radiales (30) partant d'un perçage longitudinal (29) traversent la pièce insérée (20) pour l'envoi d'un courant de gaz et débouchent dans une fente (31) s'étendant radialement, prévue entre la pièce insérée (20) et l'électrode (34), si bien que le courant de gaz ionisé le long de l'électrode est injecté en direction à peu près radiale dans le mélange poudre-gaz porteur, dans la région de l'élargissement du courant résultant de l'action du gaz d'entraînement.
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une cavité résulte d'une forme en cône creux de la surface frontale (32) de la pièce insérée (20).
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la partie de la pièce insérée (20) qui se trouve en avant du tube (14) et ce tube lui-même ont le même diamètre.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la pièce insérée (20) . présente des rainures hélicoïdales (23) dans la zone du conduit annulaire (2"2, 24) pour le gaz d'entraînement.
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une électrode annulaire (42) est prévue au voisinage de la buse de sortie (19) pour ioniser le mélange poudre-gaz porteur sortant par cette buse.
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode annulaire (42) est disposée à la périphérie intérieure de la buse de sortie (19), et en ce qu'un manchon coulissant (43) en matière isolante est prévu à sa périphérie extérieure.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode (34) et le disque de matière isolante (35) sont placés dans la cavité annulaire formée dans la surface frontale (32) de la pièce insérée (20).
EP84103847A 1983-04-07 1984-04-06 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation électrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface à revêtir Expired EP0123964B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103847T ATE24848T1 (de) 1983-04-07 1984-04-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen aufspruehen von pulverteilchen auf eine zu beschichtende oberflaeche.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3312509 1983-04-07
DE3312509 1983-04-07
DE19843412694 DE3412694A1 (de) 1983-04-07 1984-04-04 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen aufspruehen von pulverteilchen auf eine zu beschichtende oberflaeche
DE3412694 1984-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123964A1 EP0123964A1 (fr) 1984-11-07
EP0123964B1 true EP0123964B1 (fr) 1987-01-14

Family

ID=25809785

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84901348A Pending EP0144335A1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1984-04-06 Procede et installation de pulverisation electrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface a enduire
EP84103847A Expired EP0123964B1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1984-04-06 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation électrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface à revêtir

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84901348A Pending EP0144335A1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1984-04-06 Procede et installation de pulverisation electrostatique de particules de poudre sur une surface a enduire

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4735360A (fr)
EP (2) EP0144335A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8406511A (fr)
DE (2) DE3412694A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK159592C (fr)
FI (1) FI76262C (fr)
WO (1) WO1984003846A1 (fr)

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AU580147B2 (en) * 1985-04-18 1989-01-05 Nordson Corporation Particle spray gun
JPH0675692B2 (ja) * 1985-05-16 1994-09-28 小野田セメント株式会社 静電粉体塗装方法及塗装装置
US4819879A (en) * 1985-10-25 1989-04-11 Nordson Corporation Particle spray gun
DE3601081A1 (de) * 1986-01-16 1987-07-23 Kopperschmidt Mueller & Co Elektrostatische spruehpistole, insbesondere fuer pulver
DE3608415A1 (de) * 1986-03-13 1987-09-24 Gema Ransburg Ag Elektrostatische sprueheinrichtung fuer beschichtungspulver
DE3608426C3 (de) * 1986-03-13 1994-11-24 Gema Volstatic Ag Elektrostatische Sprüheinrichtung für Beschichtungspulver
EP0236794B1 (fr) * 1986-03-13 1991-01-02 ITW Gema AG Appareil de pulvérisation électrostatique pour poudre de revêtement
DD271611A3 (de) * 1987-10-27 1989-09-13 Verkehrswesen Hochschule Spruehpistole mit elektrokinetischer pulveraufladung
JPH04327570A (ja) * 1991-02-12 1992-11-17 Hoechst Ag アルキルエーテルカルボン酸タウリド
DE19502522A1 (de) * 1995-01-27 1996-08-01 Gema Volstatic Ag Sprühvorrichtung für Beschichtungsmaterial
US6003785A (en) * 1997-05-27 1999-12-21 Sames Electrostatic, Inc. Composite material bell cup
US6004625A (en) * 1997-06-16 1999-12-21 Ibick Corporation Method for adhering particles to an object by supplying air ions
IL145464A0 (en) * 2001-09-16 2002-06-30 Pc Composites Ltd Electrostatic coater and method for forming prepregs therewith
DE10319916A1 (de) 2003-05-05 2004-11-25 Itw Gema Ag Sprühgerät für Beschichtungsmaterial, insbesondere Beschichtungspulver
DE102011055660B4 (de) 2011-11-23 2013-09-05 P+S Pulverbeschichtungs- Und Staubfilteranlagen Gmbh Verfahren zum Ausbringen von Pulver mittels einer Pulversprühpistole und Pulversprühpistole zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US20160368008A1 (en) * 2015-01-12 2016-12-22 Ben-Why Liao Spray head structure slidably assembled with a nut
CN107262320B (zh) * 2017-06-26 2023-08-29 中信戴卡股份有限公司 一种混线式轮毂螺栓孔自动清粉系统及组合式清粉枪

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI76262B (fi) 1988-06-30
FI844560A0 (fi) 1984-11-21
DK548484D0 (da) 1984-11-19
WO1984003846A1 (fr) 1984-10-11
DK159592B (da) 1990-11-05
FI844560L (fi) 1984-11-21
BR8406511A (pt) 1985-03-12
DE3461991D1 (en) 1987-02-19
EP0123964A1 (fr) 1984-11-07
FI76262C (fi) 1988-10-10
DE3412694A1 (de) 1984-10-11
EP0144335A1 (fr) 1985-06-19
US4735360A (en) 1988-04-05
DK548484A (da) 1984-11-19
DK159592C (da) 1991-04-15

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