EP0122846B1 - Flüssigprodukt mit hohem Energieinhalt und dessen Verwendung bei der Speisung eines Reaktionsraumes mit brennbarem Material - Google Patents

Flüssigprodukt mit hohem Energieinhalt und dessen Verwendung bei der Speisung eines Reaktionsraumes mit brennbarem Material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0122846B1
EP0122846B1 EP84400666A EP84400666A EP0122846B1 EP 0122846 B1 EP0122846 B1 EP 0122846B1 EP 84400666 A EP84400666 A EP 84400666A EP 84400666 A EP84400666 A EP 84400666A EP 0122846 B1 EP0122846 B1 EP 0122846B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
liquid phase
solid
particles
fluid product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400666A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0122846A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Antonini
Olivier Francois
Alain Touret
Robert Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Creusot Loire SA
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Creusot Loire SA
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Priority to AT84400666T priority Critical patent/ATE22322T1/de
Publication of EP0122846A1 publication Critical patent/EP0122846A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0122846B1 publication Critical patent/EP0122846B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/326—Coal-water suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a fluid product with an energy vocation containing a finely divided combustible material, a device for preparing such a product and a particular application of the product to the supply of combustible material to a reaction chamber.
  • the fuel must normally be introduced continuously into the reaction chamber and it is useful for this purpose to prepare it in the form of a fluid product capable of being conveyed in supply lines by simple means.
  • Pneumatic transport can for example be used, the particles being suspended in a stream of air, but this results in a risk of self-ignition and explosion.
  • inexpensive inert gas is not available, it is generally preferred to disperse the particles in a liquid phase to form a mixture having the consistency of a mud and which can be conveyed for example by means of a positive displacement pump.
  • the coal is suspended in water but, in this case, the combustion reactions are delayed, which makes it necessary to increase the combustion chambers and the thermal efficiency of the reaction is greatly reduced since a significant part of the energy supplied only serves to vaporize the water. It is therefore sought to reduce as much as possible the proportion of water relative to the proportion of solid matter.
  • the viscosity of the product increases and more energy must be used to pump the product.
  • the viscosity of the mixture for a minimum proportion of water can be reduced by means of chemical additives, but these are expensive and moreover can be corrosive.
  • EP-A-123 592 discloses a method for conditioning carbon-rich material, in particular carbon, in the form of finely divided solid particles, in which the conditioning takes the form of a carbon foam formed by a homogeneous and aerated mixture of carbonaceous material at least 70% by weight, water and a foaming surfactant adjuvant at approximately 1% by weight.
  • the fluid products produced hitherto for supplying the reactor with combustible material contain a proportion of liquid of at least 30%.
  • the energy drawbacks of using such a proportion of liquid phase can be reduced if it consists of a liquid fuel, but in this case, the economic advantage of the process is also reduced.
  • the subject of the invention is a new fluid product with an energy vocation in which the proportion by weight of liquid phase relative to that of solid particles is significantly reduced compared to the known product and which also makes it possible to use very fine particles.
  • the fluid product according to the invention consists of a stable foam produced by mixing a gaseous phase with the liquid phase supplemented with stabilizing and emulsifying products and inside which the solid particles are dispersed in a homogeneous manner, the liquid phase being constituted only by thin films connecting together the solid particles and limiting gas bubbles which occupy the spaces between the solid particles.
  • the solid particles can have any particle size distribution and the proportion by weight of solid phase can exceed 75%.
  • the gas phase can be a neutral gas, an oxidizing gas or else a combustible gas.
  • the invention also relates to a process for introducing into a reaction chamber a solid combustible material finely pulverized and homogeneously dispersed in a stable foam in which the liquid phase consists solely of the films bonding between they solid particles and limiting gas bubbles which occupy the spaces between the particles, said foam then being circulated in a supply line of the reaction chamber.
  • the foam is preferably produced first by vigorous stirring of the liquid phase in the presence of the gas phase and the solid particles are then dispersed in the foam thus prepared, these can be stored in advance for later use.
  • the fluid product before its introduction into the chamber, can be subjected to an increase in pressure leading to an increase in the proportion of solid material per unit of volume, up to a pressure below the limit pressure from which the volume of the compressed product remains constant.
  • FIG. 1 is shown schematically a sample of the product 1 which consists of a foam formed of bubbles 11 limited by liquid particles 12 in the form of a meniscus and inside which are homogeneously dispersed solid particles 13 connected together by liquid films 12.
  • the solid particles 13 have been symbolized by spheres but can obviously have any shape.
  • the average grain width is around 50 microns but can even drop below 20 microns.
  • the gas bubbles 11 can have dimensions of the order of a millimeter but can also be smaller, the use of fine bubbles making it possible to increase the proportion of solid particles incorporated in the foam.
  • the liquid phase consists solely of the films 12 for bonding between the particles 13 and that, consequently, the proportion by weight of the liquid in the product can be very reduced.
  • the mixture is pumpable and can be transported inside pipes by any known means and it behaves like a compressible fluid.
  • FIG 3 there is given by way of example a preparation scheme for such a product.
  • the liquid phase for example water
  • a tank 2 in which it is vigorously stirred with a thickening product 21, introduced by a metering device and which makes it possible to produce a kind of gel 20.
  • This is then led into a second tank 23 into which water is also introduced via an inlet 24 and an emulsifier of the surfactant type via a line 25.
  • the whole is vigorously stirred until all the liquid phase is emulsified with the gas present in the enclosure.
  • the foam 10 thus produced is directed to a third tank 4 into which the solid particles 13 are poured by means of a dosing hopper 44. The whole is vigorously stirred to disperse the solid particles evenly inside the product 1 which is then shown schematically in the form shown in FIG. 1.
  • the thickening product 21 introduced into the tank 2 makes it possible to stabilize the emulsion by eliminating spontaneous ruptures of the films of liquid ensuring the partitioning of the foam and thus ensuring the suspension of the solid particles.
  • Non-volatile hygroscopic soluble products can be used such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, glycerol, dodecane, or else polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the emulsifier 25 is a surfactant which emulsifies the gas in water.
  • An alkylarylsulfonate or another known foaming agent for example a saponified fatty acid, an amine, quaternary ammonium, an alkyl polyethoxy etherphosphate, etc., may be used.
  • a product was produced in which the liquid phase prepared before the incorporation of the gas contained 1% of surfactant and 0.2% of stabilizer.
  • the foam can be circulated by means of a pump 27 in a closed circuit 28 from which the necessary foam is withdrawn by metering pumps 29. It is also possible to put the circuit 28 under pressure and replace the metering pumps by simple inlet valves making it possible for example to supply the burners to a reaction chamber 6.
  • the fluid product constituted by the stabilized foam can undergo an increase in pressure which determines a reduction in the size of the bubbles and the approximation of the particles and consequently an increase in the density of the product.
  • This limit depends on the concentration of solid particles and can be determined either empirically, by a series of tests, or by calculation.
  • a compact stack of unimodal particle size distribution comprising 80% of particles of dimension less than 80 microns corresponds to a porosity of about 0.4. This means that, in a compact stack, the volume occupied by the solid particles is 60% of the whole.
  • This pressure may prove to be too low for the supply of a gasification reactor.
  • the limit pressure can reach 45 bars.
  • the limit pressure also depends on the ratio between the temperature of use and the temperature of preparation.
  • the limit pressure can be increased by 10% if, at the time of use, the temperature is raised to 50 ° C, obviously as long as the foam remains stable at such a temperature.
  • FIG 4 there is shown by way of example an installation for the preparation under pressure of a fluid product based on coal, air and water.
  • the aqueous solution prepared as in the case of FIG. 3, by mixing water with a thickener then an emulsifier, is brought by a pump 31 into a device 3 for preparing the foam consisting of a tube in the middle of which a venturi 30 is placed.
  • the air is blown by a compressor 32 into the venturi and is thus incorporated into the aqueous solution to form a foam which is directed towards the mixer 4.
  • the latter which may include several parts in line , is essentially constituted by an agitator in the form of a helical ribbon 41 driven in rotation about its axis by a motor 42 inside a cylindrical sheath 4 provided with an orifice 43 for introducing the foam, placed at the upstream end in the direction of flow of the product resulting from the rotation of the helical ribbon 41.
  • the latter limits, on the other hand, a free axial space into which a screw metering device of known type enters, comprising a hopper provided at its base of a life driven in rotation around its axis and which extends into a tube 45 opening into the free space delimited by the helical strip 41 in the axis of the sleeve 4.
  • the foam prepared in the device 3 and introduced through the orifice 43 in the sheath 4 is driven downstream along the internal periphery of the sheath by the rotation of the ribbon 41 and takes care of the finely divided coal , poured into the hopper 44 and which is therefore incorporated inside the foam with a flow rate regulated by the rotation of the screw. It is thus possible to obtain a perfectly homogeneous dispersion of the solid particles inside the foam.
  • Such a mixer can operate at a low pressure below the limit pressure, for example from three to six bars and thus supply a main tank 5 maintained at the desired pressure.
  • the product thus prepared can be stored in advance in a tank maintained under low pressure.
  • a buffer tank 51 being at a pressure higher than the operating pressure, for example ten bars.
  • the buffer tank 51 is supplied from the main tank 5 by a positive displacement pump fitted with a booster. Indeed, the large proportion of gas contained in the product stored in the tank 5 could cause discontinuous and random discharge.
  • the booster device could very simply be constituted by an archimedean screw placed in the bottom of the storage tank 5 and supplying a positive displacement pump 52.
  • the buffer tank 51 is at a pressure higher than the operating pressure, the expansion of the compressed gas contained in the bubbles at the time of injection into the reactor promotes the spraying of the fluid product and very effectively disperses the coal particles inside the reactor. Given the fineness of the particles which can be achieved by the process according to the invention, a real atomization of the combustible material in the reactor is obtained.
  • coal with a particularly fine particle size represents an important advantage, the recovery of the fuel being all the more efficient the finer its particle size since the time necessary for the reaction is a function of the grain size.
  • the three-phase constitution of the product reduces the probabilities of impact of the particles against the walls, since the particles are kept inside the bubbles constituting the foam and consequently reduce the erosion of the organs injection.
  • the possibility of manufacturing the product in advance in a stable, storable and di can be used correctly is an important advantage because it makes it possible to separate the installation for manufacturing the product from the users, the latter having only to provide the devices for pressurizing and injecting into the reactor a fluid product already prepared .
  • the use of a product in the form of foam reduces the pressure drop in the transport lines. It could therefore be advantageous to prepare the combustible product in a place possibly very far from the place of use, for example near a place of production or importation of coal and to transport the sparkling product in a pipe up to the combustion plant which could even be several hundred km away. Thanks to the low pressure drop, energy consumption for transport would be reduced.
  • the product according to the invention had the following composition (by weight): the pressure drop increases relatively little with the mass flow rate since, in a pipe with a diameter of 25.5 mm, it varies from 0.12 to 0.20 Bar / m when the flow rate changes from 0.10 to 0.25 kg / s.
  • the product has been described in the case of a coal-water-air mixture, it is obvious that a different solid fuel could be used with a liquid phase and a gaseous phase of other nature. It will be noted that, generally, the proportion of liquid phase must be as low as possible since the use of water decreases the energy yield and that a combustible liquid is more expensive.
  • the gas phase is generally useful for the reaction and one could for example use as gas phase either an oxidizing gas or a combustible gas.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Energiehaltiges fliessfähiges Produkt, enthaltend einen fein verteilten festen Stoff, der in wenigstens einer flüssigen Phase suspendiert ist und in einer Speiseleitung einer Behandlungskammer umgewälzt werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die festen Teilchen (13) in einem stabilen Schaum gleichmässig verteilt sind, der durch Mischen einer gasförmigen Phase mit der zugesetzten flüssigen Phase von stabilisierenden und emulgierenden Produkten hergestellt wird, und dass die flüssige Phase ausschliesslich durch dünne Häute (12) gebildet ist, die die festen Teilchen (13) miteinander verbinden und Gasbläschen (11) begrenzen, die die Räume zwischen den festen Teilchen (13) einnehmen.
2. Energiehaltiges fliessfähiges Produkt nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gewichtsanteil derfesten Phase wenigstens 75% erreichen kann.
3. Energiehaltiges fliessfähiges Produkt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der feste brennbare Stoff Kohlenstaub ist.
4. Energiehaltiges fliessfähiges Produkt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gasförmige Phase ein sauerstofftragendes Gas ist.
5. Energiehaltiges fliessfähiges Produkt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gasförmige Phase ein verbrennbares Gas ist.
6. Energie haltiges fliessfähiges Produkt nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das stabilisierende Produkt eine Carboxymethylcellulose und das emulgierende Produkt ein Tensid nach Art des Alkylarylsulfonats ist.
7. Verfahren zur Speisung einer Reaktionskammer (6) mit einem fein verteilten festen brennbaren Stoff, der in wenigstens einer flüssigen Phase suspendiert ist zur Bildung eines fliessfähigen Produkts, das in einer in der Reaktionskammer (6) mündenden Speiseleitung (6) umgewälzt werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Teilchen (13) aus festem Stoff in einem stabilen Schaum (1) gleichmässig verteilt, der hergestellt wird durch Mischen einer gasförmigen Phase mit der flüssigen Phase, der ein stabilisierendes Produkt und ein emulgierendes Produkt zugesetzt wird und die nur die Menge an flüssiger Phase enthält, die zur Bildung der Häute (12) erforderlich ist, die die festen Teilchen (13) miteinander verbinden und die Gasbläschen (11) begrenzen, die die Zwischenräume zwischen den Teilchen (13) einnehmen, wonach der Schaum (1) in der Speiseleitung der Reaktionskammer umgewälzt wird.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 zur Speisung mit einem brennbaren Stoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man zunächst einen Schaum herstellt durch heftiges Umrühren der flüssigen Phase mit der gasförmigen Phase, und dass man dann die festen Teilchen in dem auf diese Weise bereiteten Schaum verteilt, der zunächst zur späteren Verwendung gespeichert werden kann.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 und 8 zur Speisung einer Reaktionskammer (6) mit einem brennbaren Stoff, dadurch gekennzeichnung, dass das fliessfähige Produkt (1) vor seiner Einführung in die Kammer (6) einer Druckerhöhung unterworfen wird, die den Anteil an festem Brennstoff (13) je Volumeneinheit bis zu einem Druck erhöhen kann, der kleiner als der Grenzdruck ist, ab welchem das Volumen des zusammengedrückten Produkts konstant bleibt.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7, 8 und 9 zur Speisung einer Reaktionskammer (6) mit einem brennbaren Stoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das fliessfähige Produkt an einem vom Verbrauchsort entfernten Ort bereitet, wobei die Reaktionskammer über eine Speiseleitung von grosser Länge mit der Aufbereitungsvorrichtung verbunden ist.
EP84400666A 1983-04-08 1984-04-04 Flüssigprodukt mit hohem Energieinhalt und dessen Verwendung bei der Speisung eines Reaktionsraumes mit brennbarem Material Expired EP0122846B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400666T ATE22322T1 (de) 1983-04-08 1984-04-04 Fluessigprodukt mit hohem energieinhalt und dessen verwendung bei der speisung eines reaktionsraumes mit brennbarem material.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8305787 1983-04-08
FR8305787A FR2543967B1 (fr) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Produit fluide a vocation energetique et son application a l'alimentation d'une chambre de reaction en matiere combustible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0122846A1 EP0122846A1 (de) 1984-10-24
EP0122846B1 true EP0122846B1 (de) 1986-09-17

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EP84400666A Expired EP0122846B1 (de) 1983-04-08 1984-04-04 Flüssigprodukt mit hohem Energieinhalt und dessen Verwendung bei der Speisung eines Reaktionsraumes mit brennbarem Material

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4759267A (de)
EP (1) EP0122846B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59197498A (de)
AT (1) ATE22322T1 (de)
AU (1) AU578017B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8401623A (de)
CA (1) CA1253342A (de)
DE (1) DE3460754D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2543967B1 (de)
IN (1) IN160166B (de)
ZA (1) ZA842572B (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07250516A (ja) * 1994-12-02 1995-10-03 Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd 歩行型田植機のローリング制御装置
FR2784171B1 (fr) 1998-10-02 2000-12-01 Air Liquide Bruleur pour le chauffage d'un produit pulverulent, et procede de vitrification d'un produit pulverulent mis en oeuvre au moyen d'un tel bruleur
DE602007011124D1 (de) 2006-02-07 2011-01-27 Colt Engineering Corp Mit Kohlendioxid angereicherte Rauchgaseinspritzung zur Kohlenwasserstoffgewinnung
AU2006350318A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Delivery device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0123592A1 (de) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-31 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Konditionierung eines kohlenstoffreichen Materials und Verfahren zu dessen Durchführung

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DE520487C (de) * 1929-02-27 1931-03-11 Ludwig Kaehler Dipl Ing Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Brennstoffluftgemisches in Schaumform fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
FR1162246A (fr) * 1956-10-19 1958-09-10 Procédé de préparation de combustibles liquides à partir d'hydrocarbures liquides et appareillage permettant la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US3954662A (en) * 1972-02-14 1976-05-04 Monsanto Research Corporation Aqueous foam compositions to suppress coal dust
JPS5210111B2 (de) * 1972-02-14 1977-03-22
US4009095A (en) * 1973-11-09 1977-02-22 Uop Inc. Mixed-phase fluid distribution for packed chambers
FR2262774A1 (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-09-26 Postic Jean Burner supply process - uses emulsion of fuel air and water delivered in predetermined proportions
US4104035A (en) * 1975-12-11 1978-08-01 Texaco Inc. Preparation of solid fuel-water slurries
US4304572A (en) * 1976-06-24 1981-12-08 Texaco, Inc. Production of solid fuel-water slurries
US4392865A (en) * 1977-02-23 1983-07-12 Lanko, Inc. Hydrocarbon-water fuels, emulsions, slurries and other particulate mixtures
US4127383A (en) * 1977-06-10 1978-11-28 Graham-White Sales Corporation Foaming waste treatment composition and method for treating nitrogenous waste material therewith
US4196092A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-04-01 American Cyanamid Company Conditioning agent for froth flotation of fine coal
US4242098A (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-12-30 Union Carbide Corporation Transport of aqueous coal slurries
NL7903961A (nl) * 1979-05-21 1980-11-25 Unilever Nv Werkwijze voor het bereiden van water-in-koolwaterstof emulsies.
US4305729A (en) * 1981-02-23 1981-12-15 Suntech, Inc. Carbon slurry fuels

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0123592A1 (de) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-31 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Konditionierung eines kohlenstoffreichen Materials und Verfahren zu dessen Durchführung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA842572B (en) 1984-11-28
JPS59197498A (ja) 1984-11-09
US4759267A (en) 1988-07-26
BR8401623A (pt) 1984-11-13
CA1253342A (fr) 1989-05-02
AU2640984A (en) 1984-10-11
DE3460754D1 (en) 1986-10-23
ATE22322T1 (de) 1986-10-15
FR2543967A1 (fr) 1984-10-12
FR2543967B1 (fr) 1985-07-19
IN160166B (de) 1987-06-27
EP0122846A1 (de) 1984-10-24
AU578017B2 (en) 1988-10-13

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